ZyXEL Communications WAC5302D-S 802.11ac Wall-Plate Unified Access Point User Manual Book

ZyXEL Communications Corporation 802.11ac Wall-Plate Unified Access Point Book

Contents

Users Manual-2

Chapter 8 AP ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide101Figure 56 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Security List > Add/Edit Security Profile
Chapter 8 AP ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide102The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 48 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Security List > Add/Edit Security ProfileLABEL DESCRIPTIONProfile Name Enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters for the profile name. This name is only visible in the Web Configurator and is only for management purposes. Spaces and underscores are allowed.Security Mode Select a security mode from the list: none, wep, wpa2, or wpa2-mix.Radius Server Type This shows External and the NWA/WAC uses an external RADIUS server for authentication.Primary / Secondary Radius Server ActivateSelect this to have the NWA/WAC use the specified RADIUS server.Radius Server IP Address Enter the IP address of the RADIUS server to be used for authentication.Radius Server Port Enter the port number of the RADIUS server to be used for authentication.Radius Server Secret Enter the shared secret password of the RADIUS server to be used for authentication.Primary / Secondary Accounting Server ActivateSelect the check box to enable user accounting through an external authentication server.Accounting Server IP Address Enter the IP address of the external accounting server in dotted decimal notation. Accounting Server Port Enter the port number of the external accounting server. The default port number is 1813. You need not change this value unless your network administrator instructs you to do so with additional information. Accounting Share Secret Enter a password (up to 128 alphanumeric characters) as the key to be shared between the external accounting server and the NWA/WAC. The key must be the same on the external accounting server and your NWA/WAC. The key is not sent over the network.Accounting Interim UpdateThis field is available only when you enable user accounting through an external authentication server.Select this to have the NWA/WAC send subscriber status updates to the accounting server at the interval you specify.Interim Update Interval Specify the time interval for how often the NWA/WAC is to send a subscriber status update to the accounting server.802.1X Select this to enable 802.1x secure authentication.ReAuthentication Timer Enter the interval (in seconds) between authentication requests. Enter a 0 for unlimited requests.WEP Authentication SettingsIdle Timeout Enter the idle interval (in seconds) that a client can be idle before authentication is discontinued.Authentication Type Select a WEP authentication method. Choices are Open or Share key. Share key is only available if you are not using 802.1x.
Chapter 8 AP ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide103Key Length Select the bit-length of the encryption key to be used in WEP connections.If you select WEP-64: • Enter 10 hexadecimal digits in the range of “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” (for example, 0x11AA22BB33) for each Key used.or • Enter 5 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from “a-z”, “A-Z” and “0-9” (for example, MyKey) for each Key used.If you select WEP-128:• Enter 26 hexadecimal digits in the range of “A-F”, “a-f” and “0-9” (for example, 0x00112233445566778899AABBCC) for each Key used.or• Enter 13 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from “a-z”, “A-Z” and “0-9” (for example, MyKey12345678) for each Key used.Key 1~4 Based on your Key Length selection, enter the appropriate length hexadecimal or ASCII key.WPA2/WPA2-Mix Authentication SettingsPSK This field is available when you select the wpa2, or wpa2-mix security mode.Select this option to use a Pre-Shared Key with WPA2 encryption.Pre-Shared Key Enter a pre-shared key of between 8 and 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols) or 64 hexadecimal characters.Cipher Type Select an encryption cipher type from the list. •auto - This automatically chooses the best available cipher based on the cipher in use by the wireless client that is attempting to make a connection.•aes - This is the Advanced Encryption Standard encryption method. It is a more recent development over TKIP and considerably more robust. Not all wireless clients may support this.Idle Timeout Enter the interval (in seconds) that a client can be idle before authentication is discontinued. Group Key Update TimerEnter the interval (in seconds) at which the AP updates the group WPA2 encryption key.Management Frame ProtectionThis field is available only when you select wpa2 in the Security Mode field and set Cipher Type to aes.Data frames in 802.11 WLANs can be encrypted and authenticated with WEP, WPA or WPA2. But 802.11 management frames, such as beacon/probe response, association request, association response, de-authentication and disassociation are always unauthenticated and unencrypted. IEEE 802.11w Protected Management Frames allows APs to use the existing security mechanisms (encryption and authentication methods defined in IEEE 802.11i WPA/WPA2) to protect management frames. This helps prevent wireless DoS attacks.Select the check box to enable management frame protection (MFP) to add security to 802.11 management frames.Select Optional if you do not require the wireless clients to support MFP. Management frames will be encrypted if the clients support MFP.Select Required and wireless clients must support MFP in order to join the NWA/WAC’s wireless network.OK Click OK to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving your changes.Table 48 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Security List > Add/Edit Security Profile (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 8 AP ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1048.5 MAC Filter ListThis screen allows you to create and manage security configurations that can be used by your SSIDs. To access this screen click Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > MAC Filter List.Note: You can have a maximum of 32 MAC filtering profiles on the NWA/WAC.Figure 57 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > MAC Filter ListThe following table describes the labels in this screen. 8.5.1 Add/Edit MAC Filter ProfileThis screen allows you to create a new MAC filtering profile or edit an existing one. To access this screen, click the Add button or select a MAC filter profile from the list and click the Edit button.Note: Each MAC filtering profile can include a maximum of 512 MAC addresses.Table 49 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > MAC Filter ListLABEL DESCRIPTIONAdd Click this to add a new MAC filtering profile.Edit Click this to edit the selected MAC filtering profile.Remove Click this to remove the selected MAC filtering profile.Object ReferenceClick this to view which other objects are linked to the selected MAC filtering profile (for example, SSID profile).# This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific user.Profile Name This field indicates the name assigned to the MAC filtering profile.Filter Action This field indicates this profile’s filter action (if any).
Chapter 8 AP ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide105Figure 58 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > MAC Filter List > Add/Edit MAC Filter Profile The following table describes the labels in this screen. 8.6 Layer-2 Isolation ListLayer-2 isolation is used to prevent wireless clients associated with your NWA/WAC from communicating with other wireless clients, APs, computers or routers in a network.Table 50 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > MAC Filter List > Add/Edit MAC Filter ProfileLABEL DESCRIPTIONProfile Name Enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters for the profile name. This name is only visible in the Web Configurator and is only for management purposes. Spaces and underscores are allowed.Filter Action Select allow to permit the wireless client with the MAC addresses in this profile to connect to the network through the associated SSID; select deny to block the wireless clients with the specified MAC addresses.Add Click this to add a MAC address to the profile’s list.Edit Click this to edit the selected MAC address in the profile’s list.Remove Click this to remove the selected MAC address from the profile’s list.# This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific user.MAC This field specifies a MAC address associated with this profile. You can click the MAC address to make it editable.Description This field displays a description for the MAC address associated with this profile. You can click the description to make it editable. Enter up to 60 characters, spaces and underscores allowed.OK Click OK to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving your changes.
Chapter 8 AP ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide106In the following example, layer-2 isolation is enabled on the NWA/WAC to allow a guest wireless client (A) to access the main network router (B). The router provides access to the Internet and the network printer (C) while preventing the client from accessing other computers and servers on the network. The client can communicate with other wireless clients only if Intra-BSS Traffic blocking is disabled.Note: Intra-BSS Traffic Blocking is activated when you enable layer-2 isolation.Figure 59 Layer-2 Isolation ApplicationMAC addresses that are not listed in the layer-2 isolation table are blocked from communicating with the NWA/WAC’s wireless clients except for broadcast packets. Layer-2 isolation does not check the traffic between wireless clients that are associated with the same AP. Intra-BSS traffic allows wireless clients associated with the same AP to communicate with each other.This screen allows you to specify devices you want the users on your wireless networks to access. To access this screen click Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Layer-2 Isolation List.Figure 60 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Layer-2 Isolation ListThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 51 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Layer-2 Isolation ListLABEL DESCRIPTIONAdd Click this to add a new MAC filtering profile.Edit Click this to edit the selected MAC filtering profile.Remove Click this to remove the selected MAC filtering profile.Object ReferenceClick this to view which other objects are linked to the selected MAC filtering profile (for example, SSID profile).
Chapter 8 AP ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1078.6.1 Add/Edit Layer-2 Isolation ProfileThis screen allows you to create a new layer-2 isolation profile or edit an existing one. To access this screen, click the Add button or select a layer-2 isolation profile from the list and click the Edit button.Note: You need to know the MAC address of each wireless client, AP, computer or router that you want to allow to communicate with the NWA/WAC's wireless clients.Figure 61 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Layer-2 Isolation List > Add/Edit Layer-2 Isolation ProfileThe following table describes the labels in this screen. # This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific user.Profile Name This field indicates the name assigned to the layer-2 isolation profile.Table 51 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Layer-2 Isolation List (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTIONTable 52 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Layer-2 Isolation List > Add/Edit Layer-2 Isolation ProfileLABEL DESCRIPTIONProfile Name Enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters for the profile name. This name is only visible in the Web Configurator and is only for management purposes. Spaces and underscores are allowed.Add Click this to add a MAC address to the profile’s list.Edit Click this to edit the selected MAC address in the profile’s list.Remove Click this to remove the selected MAC address from the profile’s list.# This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific user.MAC This field specifies a MAC address associated with this profile. You can click the MAC address to make it editable.
Chapter 8 AP ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide108Description This field displays a description for the MAC address associated with this profile. You can click the description to make it editable. Enter up to 60 characters, spaces and underscores allowed.OK Click OK to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving your changes.Table 52 Configuration > Object > AP Profile > SSID > Layer-2 Isolation List > Add/Edit Layer-2 Isolation Profile (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide109CHAPTER 9MON Profile9.1 OverviewThis screen allows you to set up monitor mode configurations that allow your NWA/WAC to scan for other wireless devices in the vicinity. Once detected, you can use the Wireless > MON Mode screen (Section 6.3 on page 74) to classify them as either rogue or friendly. Not all NWA/WACs support monitor mode and rogue APs detection.9.1.1 What You Can Do in this ChapterThe MON Profile screen (Section 9.2 on page 109) creates preset monitor mode configurations that can be used by the NWA/WAC.9.2 MON ProfileThis screen allows you to create monitor mode configurations that can be used by the APs. To access this screen, login to the Web Configurator, and click Configuration > Object > MON Profile.Figure 62 Configuration > Object > MON ProfileThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 53 Configuration > Object > MON ProfileLABEL DESCRIPTIONAdd Click this to add a new monitor mode profile.Edit Click this to edit the selected monitor mode profile.Remove Click this to remove the selected monitor mode profile.Activate To turn on an entry, select it and click Activate.
Chapter 9 MON ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1109.2.1 Add/Edit MON ProfileThis screen allows you to create a new monitor mode profile or edit an existing one. To access this screen, click the Add button or select and existing monitor mode profile and click the Edit button.Figure 63 Configuration > Object > MON Profile > Add/Edit MON ProfileInactivate To turn off an entry, select it and click Inactivate.Object ReferenceClick this to view which other objects are linked to the selected monitor mode profile (for example, an AP management profile).# This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific profile.Status This field shows whether or not the entry is activated.Profile Name This field indicates the name assigned to the monitor profile.Table 53 Configuration > Object > MON Profile (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 9 MON ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide111The following table describes the labels in this screen. 9.3 Technical ReferenceThe following section contains additional technical information about the features described in this chapter.Rogue APsRogue APs are wireless access points operating in a network’s coverage area that are not under the control of the network’s administrators, and can open up holes in a network’s security. Attackers can take advantage of a rogue AP’s weaker (or non-existent) security to gain access to the network, or set up their own rogue APs in order to capture information from wireless clients. If a scan reveals a rogue AP, you can use commercially-available software to physically locate it.Table 54 Configuration > Object > MON Profile > Add/Edit MON ProfileLABEL DESCRIPTIONActivate Select this to activate this monitor mode profile.Profile Name This field indicates the name assigned to the monitor mode profile.Channel dwell time Enter the interval (in milliseconds) before the NWA/WAC switches to another channel for monitoring.Scan Channel Mode Select auto to have the NWA/WAC switch to the next sequential channel once the Channel dwell time expires.Select manual to set specific channels through which to cycle sequentially when the Channel dwell time expires. Selecting this options makes the Scan Channel List options available.Set Scan Channel List (2.4 GHz)Select one or more than one channel to have the NWA/WAC using this profile scan the channel(s) when Scan Channel Mode is set to manual.These channels are limited to the 2.4 GHz range (802.11 b/g/n).Set Scan Channel List (5 GHz)Select one or more than one channel to have the NWA/WAC using this profile scan the channel(s) when Scan Channel Mode is set to manual.These channels are limited to the 5 GHz range (802.11 a/n). Not all NWA/WACs support both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands.OK Click OK to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving your changes.
Chapter 9 MON ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide112Figure 64 Rogue AP ExampleIn the example above, a corporate network’s security is compromised by a rogue AP (RG) set up by an employee at his workstation in order to allow him to connect his notebook computer wirelessly (A). The company’s legitimate wireless network (the dashed ellipse B) is well-secured, but the rogue AP uses inferior security that is easily broken by an attacker (X) running readily available encryption-cracking software. In this example, the attacker now has access to the company network, including sensitive data stored on the file server (C).Friendly APsIf you have more than one AP in your wireless network, you should also configure a list of “friendly” APs. Friendly APs are other wireless access points that are detected in your network, as well as any others that you know are not a threat (those from recognized networks, for example). It is recommended that you export (save) your list of friendly APs often, especially if you have a network with a large number of access points.RGAXBC
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide113CHAPTER 10WDS Profile10.1 OverviewThis chapter shows you how to configure WDS (Wireless Disbribution System) profiles for the NWA/WAC to form a WDS with other APs.10.1.1 What You Can Do in this ChapterThe WDS Profile screen (Section 10.2 on page 113) creates preset WDS configurations that can be used by the NWA/WAC.10.2 WDS Profile This screen allows you to manage and create WDS profiles that can be used by the APs. To access this screen, click Configuration > Object > WDS Profile.Figure 65 Configuration > Object > WDS ProfileThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 55 Configuration > Object > WDS ProfileLABEL DESCRIPTIONAdd Click this to add a new profile.Edit Click this to edit the selected profile.Remove Click this to remove the selected profile.# This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific profile.Profile Name This field indicates the name assigned to the profile.WDS SSID This field shows the SSID specified in this WDS profile.
Chapter 10 WDS ProfileNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide11410.2.1 Add/Edit WDS ProfileThis screen allows you to create a new WDS profile or edit an existing one. To access this screen, click the Add button or select and existing profile and click the Edit button.Figure 66 Configuration > Object > WDS Profile > Add/Edit WDS ProfileThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 56 Configuration > Object > WDS Profile > Add/Edit WDS ProfileLABEL DESCRIPTIONProfile Name Enter up to 31 alphanumeric characters for the profile name.WDS SSID Enter the SSID with which you want the NWA/WAC to connect to a root AP or repeater to form a WDS.Pre-Shared Key Enter a pre-shared key of between 8 and 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols) or 64 hexadecimal characters.The key is used to encrypt the traffic between the APs.OK Click OK to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving your changes.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide115CHAPTER 11Certificates11.1 OverviewThe NWA/WAC can use certificates (also called digital IDs) to authenticate users. Certificates are based on public-private key pairs. A certificate contains the certificate owner’s identity and public key. Certificates provide a way to exchange public keys for use in authentication. 11.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter• The My Certificate screens (Section 11.2 on page 118) generate and export self-signed certificates or certification requests and import the NWA/WAC’s CA-signed certificates.• The Trusted Certificates screens (Section 11.3 on page 126) save CA certificates and trusted remote host certificates to the NWA/WAC. The NWA/WAC trusts any valid certificate that you have imported as a trusted certificate. It also trusts any valid certificate signed by any of the certificates that you have imported as a trusted certificate. 11.1.2 What You Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.When using public-key cryptology for authentication, each host has two keys. One key is public and can be made openly available. The other key is private and must be kept secure. These keys work like a handwritten signature (in fact, certificates are often referred to as “digital signatures”). Only you can write your signature exactly as it should look. When people know what your signature looks like, they can verify whether something was signed by you, or by someone else. In the same way, your private key “writes” your digital signature and your public key allows people to verify whether data was signed by you, or by someone else. This process works as follows:1Tim wants to send a message to Jenny. He needs her to be sure that it comes from him, and that the message content has not been altered by anyone else along the way. Tim generates a public key pair (one public key and one private key). 2Tim keeps the private key and makes the public key openly available. This means that anyone who receives a message seeming to come from Tim can read it and verify whether it is really from him or not. 3Tim uses his private key to sign the message and sends it to Jenny.4Jenny receives the message and uses Tim’s public key to verify it. Jenny knows that the message is from Tim, and that although other people may have been able to read the message, no-one can have altered it (because they cannot re-sign the message with Tim’s private key).
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1165Additionally, Jenny uses her own private key to sign a message and Tim uses Jenny’s public key to verify the message.The NWA/WAC uses certificates based on public-key cryptology to authenticate users attempting to establish a connection, not to encrypt the data that you send after establishing a connection. The method used to secure the data that you send through an established connection depends on the type of connection.The certification authority uses its private key to sign certificates. Anyone can then use the certification authority’s public key to verify the certificates.A certification path is the hierarchy of certification authority certificates that validate a certificate. The NWA/WAC does not trust a certificate if any certificate on its path has expired or been revoked. Certification authorities maintain directory servers with databases of valid and revoked certificates. A directory of certificates that have been revoked before the scheduled expiration is called a CRL (Certificate Revocation List). The NWA/WAC can check a peer’s certificate against a directory server’s list of revoked certificates. The framework of servers, software, procedures and policies that handles keys is called PKI (public-key infrastructure).Advantages of CertificatesCertificates offer the following benefits.• The NWA/WAC only has to store the certificates of the certification authorities that you decide to trust, no matter how many devices you need to authenticate. • Key distribution is simple and very secure since you can freely distribute public keys and you never need to transmit private keys.Self-signed CertificatesYou can have the NWA/WAC act as a certification authority and sign its own certificates.Factory Default CertificateThe NWA/WAC generates its own unique self-signed certificate when you first turn it on. This certificate is referred to in the GUI as the factory default certificate. Certificate File FormatsAny certificate that you want to import has to be in one of these file formats:• Binary X.509: This is an ITU-T recommendation that defines the formats for X.509 certificates.• PEM (Base-64) encoded X.509: This Privacy Enhanced Mail format uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary X.509 certificate into a printable form.• Binary PKCS#7: This is a standard that defines the general syntax for data (including digital signatures) that may be encrypted. A PKCS #7 file is used to transfer a public key certificate. The private key is not included. The NWA/WAC currently allows the importation of a PKS#7 file that contains a single certificate. • PEM (Base-64) encoded PKCS#7: This Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary PKCS#7 certificate into a printable form.
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide117• Binary PKCS#12: This is a format for transferring public key and private key certificates.The private key in a PKCS #12 file is within a password-encrypted envelope. The file’s password is not connected to your certificate’s public or private passwords. Exporting a PKCS #12 file creates this and you must provide it to decrypt the contents when you import the file into the NWA/WAC. Note: Be careful not to convert a binary file to text during the transfer process. It is easy for this to occur since many programs use text files by default. 11.1.3 Verifying a CertificateBefore you import a trusted certificate into the NWA/WAC, you should verify that you have the correct certificate. You can do this using the certificate’s fingerprint. A certificate’s fingerprint is a message digest calculated using the MD5 or SHA1 algorithm. The following procedure describes how to check a certificate’s fingerprint to verify that you have the actual certificate. 1Browse to where you have the certificate saved on your computer. 2Make sure that the certificate has a “.cer” or “.crt” file name extension.3Double-click the certificate’s icon to open the Certificate window. Click the Details tab and scroll down to the Thumbprint Algorithm and Thumbprint fields. 4Use a secure method to verify that the certificate owner has the same information in the Thumbprint Algorithm and Thumbprint fields. The secure method may very based on your situation. Possible examples would be over the telephone or through an HTTPS connection.
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide11811.2 My Certificates Click Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates to open this screen. This is the NWA/WAC’s summary list of certificates and certification requests.Figure 67 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 57 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My CertificatesLABEL DESCRIPTIONPKI Storage Space in UseThis bar displays the percentage of the NWA/WAC’s PKI storage space that is currently in use. When the storage space is almost full, you should consider deleting expired or unnecessary certificates before adding more certificates.Add Click this to go to the screen where you can have the NWA/WAC generate a certificate or a certification request.Edit Double-click an entry or select it and click Edit to open a screen with an in-depth list of information about the certificate.Remove The NWA/WAC keeps all of your certificates unless you specifically delete them. Uploading a new firmware or default configuration file does not delete your certificates. To remove an entry, select it and click Remove. The NWA/WAC confirms you want to remove it before doing so. Subsequent certificates move up by one when you take this action.Object Reference You cannot delete certificates that any of the NWA/WAC’s features are configured to use. Select an entry and click Object Reference to open a screen that shows which settings use the entry.# This field displays the certificate index number. The certificates are listed in alphabetical order. Name This field displays the name used to identify this certificate. It is recommended that you give each certificate a unique name. Type This field displays what kind of certificate this is. REQ represents a certification request and is not yet a valid certificate. Send a certification request to a certification authority, which then issues a certificate. Use the My Certificate Import screen to import the certificate and replace the request.SELF represents a self-signed certificate. CERT represents a certificate issued by a certification authority.
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide11911.2.1 Add My CertificatesClick Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates and then the Add icon to open the Add My Certificates screen. Use this screen to have the NWA/WAC create a self-signed certificate, enroll a certificate with a certification authority or generate a certification request.Subject This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s owner, such as CN (Common Name), OU (Organizational Unit or department), O (Organization or company) and C (Country). It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information. Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as a common name, organizational unit or department, organization or company and country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same information as in the Subject field.Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. Valid To This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expired! message if the certificate has expired.Import Click Import to open a screen where you can save a certificate to the NWA/WAC.Refresh Click Refresh to display the current validity status of the certificates.Table 57 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide120Figure 68 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates > Add
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide121The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 58 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates > AddLABEL DESCRIPTIONName Type a name to identify this certificate. You can use up to 31 alphanumeric and ;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=- characters.Subject Information Use these fields to record information that identifies the owner of the certificate. You do not have to fill in every field, although you must specify a Host IP Address, Host Domain Name, or E-Mail. The certification authority may add fields (such as a serial number) to the subject information when it issues a certificate. It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information.Select a radio button to identify the certificate’s owner by IP address, domain name or e-mail address. Type the IP address (in dotted decimal notation), domain name or e-mail address in the field provided. The domain name or e-mail address is for identification purposes only and can be any string.A domain name can be up to 255 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and periods.An e-mail address can be up to 63 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen, the @ symbol, periods and the underscore.Organizational Unit Identify the organizational unit or department to which the certificate owner belongs. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.Organization Identify the company or group to which the certificate owner belongs. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.Town (City) Identify the town or city where the certificate owner is located. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.State (Province) Identify the state or province where the certificate owner is located. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.Country Identify the nation where the certificate owner is located. You can use up to 31 characters. You can use alphanumeric characters, the hyphen and the underscore.Key Type The NWA/WAC uses the RSA (Rivest, Shamir and Adleman) public-key encryption algorithm. SHA1 (Secure Hash Algorithm) and SHA2 are hash algorithms used to authenticate packet data. SHA2-256 or SHA2-512 are part of the SHA2 set of cryptographic functions and they are considered even more secure than SHA1.Select a key type from RSA-SHA256 and RSA-SHA512.Key Length Select a number from the drop-down list box to determine how many bits the key should use (1024 to 2048). The longer the key, the more secure it is. A longer key also uses more PKI storage space.Extended Key Usage Select Server Authentication to allow a web server to send clients the certificate to authenticate itself.Select Client Authentication to use the certificate’s key to authenticate clients to the secure gateway.These radio buttons deal with how and when the certificate is to be generated.Create a self-signed certificateSelect this to have the NWA/WAC generate the certificate and act as the Certification Authority (CA) itself. This way you do not need to apply to a certification authority for certificates.Create a certification request and save it locally for later manual enrollmentSelect this to have the NWA/WAC generate and store a request for a certificate. Use the My Certificate Edit screen to view the certification request and copy it to send to the certification authority.Copy the certification request from the My Certificate Edit screen and then send it to the certification authority.
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide122If you configured the Add My Certificates screen to have the NWA/WAC enroll a certificate and the certificate enrollment is not successful, you see a screen with a Return button that takes you back to the Add My Certificates screen. Click Return and check your information in the Add My Certificates screen. Make sure that the certification authority information is correct and that your Internet connection is working properly if you want the NWA/WAC to enroll a certificate online.11.2.2 Edit My CertificatesClick Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates and then the Edit icon to open the My Certificate Edit screen. You can use this screen to view in-depth certificate information and change the certificate’s name. Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately onlineSelect this to have the NWA/WAC generate a request for a certificate and apply to a certification authority for a certificate. You must have the certification authority’s certificate already imported in the Trusted Certificates screen.When you select this option, you must select the certification authority’s enrollment protocol and the certification authority’s certificate from the drop-down list boxes and enter the certification authority’s server address. You also need to fill in the Reference Number and Key if the certification authority requires them. Enrollment Protocol This field applies when you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online. Select the certification authority’s enrollment protocol from the drop-down list box.Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) is a TCP-based enrollment protocol that was developed by VeriSign and Cisco.Certificate Management Protocol (CMP) is a TCP-based enrollment protocol that was developed by the Public Key Infrastructure X.509 working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and is specified in RFC 2510.CA Server Address This field applies when you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online. Enter the IP address (or URL) of the certification authority server.For a URL, you can use up to 511 of the following characters. a-zA-Z0-9'()+,/:.=?;!*#@$_%-CA Certificate This field applies when you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online. Select the certification authority’s certificate from the CA Certificate drop-down list box.You must have the certification authority’s certificate already imported in the Trusted Certificates screen. Click Trusted CAs to go to the Trusted Certificates screen where you can view (and manage) the NWA/WAC's list of certificates of trusted certification authorities.Request AuthenticationWhen you select Create a certification request and enroll for a certificate immediately online, the certification authority may want you to include a reference number and key to identify you when you send a certification request. Fill in both the Reference Number and the Key fields if your certification authority uses the CMP enrollment protocol. Just the Key field displays if your certification authority uses the SCEP enrollment protocol. For the reference number, use 0 to 99999999.For the key, use up to 31 of the following characters. a-zA-Z0-9;|`~!@#$%^&*()_+\{}':,./<>=-OK Click OK to begin certificate or certification request generation.Cancel Click Cancel to quit and return to the My Certificates screen.Table 58 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates > Add (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide123Figure 69 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates > Edit
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide124The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 59 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates > EditLABEL DESCRIPTIONName This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. You can use up to 31 alphanumeric and ;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=- characters.Certification Path This field displays for a certificate, not a certification request.Click the Refresh button to have this read-only text box display the hierarchy of certification authorities that validate the certificate (and the certificate itself).If the issuing certification authority is one that you have imported as a trusted certification authority, it may be the only certification authority in the list (along with the certificate itself). If the certificate is a self-signed certificate, the certificate itself is the only one in the list. The NWA/WAC does not trust the certificate and displays “Not trusted” in this field if any certificate on the path has expired or been revoked.Refresh Click Refresh to display the certification path.Certificate InformationThese read-only fields display detailed information about the certificate. Type This field displays general information about the certificate. CA-signed means that a Certification Authority signed the certificate. Self-signed means that the certificate’s owner signed the certificate (not a certification authority). “X.509” means that this certificate was created and signed according to the ITU-T X.509 recommendation that defines the formats for public-key certificates.Version This field displays the X.509 version number. “Serial Number This field displays the certificate’s identification number given by the certification authority or generated by the NWA/WAC.Subject This field displays information that identifies the owner of the certificate, such as Common Name (CN), Organizational Unit (OU), Organization (O), State (ST), and Country (C).Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as Common Name, Organizational Unit, Organization and Country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same as the Subject Name field.“none” displays for a certification request. Signature Algorithm This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to sign the certificate. Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. “none” displays for a certification request. Valid To This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expired! message if the certificate has expired. “none” displays for a certification request. Key Algorithm This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to generate the certificate’s key pair (the NWA/WAC uses RSA encryption) and the length of the key set in bits (1024 bits for example).Subject Alternative NameThis field displays the certificate owner‘s IP address (IP), domain name (DNS) or e-mail address (EMAIL). Key Usage This field displays for what functions the certificate’s key can be used. For example, “DigitalSignature” means that the key can be used to sign certificates and “KeyEncipherment” means that the key can be used to encrypt text.Extended Key Usage This field displays for what EKU (Extended Key Usage) functions the certificate’s key can be used. Basic Constraint This field displays general information about the certificate. For example, Subject Type=CA means that this is a certification authority’s certificate and “Path Length Constraint=1” means that there can only be one certification authority in the certificate’s path. This field does not display for a certification request.
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide12511.2.3 Import Certificates Click Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates > Import to open the My Certificate Import screen. Follow the instructions in this screen to save an existing certificate to the NWA/WAC. Note: You can import a certificate that matches a corresponding certification request that was generated by the NWA/WAC. You can also import a certificate in PKCS#12 format, including the certificate’s public and private keys.The certificate you import replaces the corresponding request in the My Certificates screen.You must remove any spaces in the certificate’s filename before you can import it.MD5 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the NWA/WAC calculated using the MD5 algorithm. SHA1 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the NWA/WAC calculated using the SHA1 algorithm. Certificate in PEM (Base-64) Encoded FormatThis read-only text box displays the certificate or certification request in Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. PEM uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary certificate into a printable form.You can copy and paste a certification request into a certification authority’s web page, an e-mail that you send to the certification authority or a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later manual enrollment.You can copy and paste a certificate into an e-mail to send to friends or colleagues or you can copy and paste a certificate into a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later distribution (via floppy disk for example).Export Certificate OnlyUse this button to save a copy of the certificate without its private key. Click this button and then Save in the File Download screen. The Save As screen opens, browse to the location that you want to use and click Save.Password If you want to export the certificate with its private key, create a password and type it here. Make sure you keep this password in a safe place. You will need to use it if you import the certificate to another device.Export Certificate with Private KeyUse this button to save a copy of the certificate with its private key. Type the certificate’s password and click this button. Click Save in the File Download screen. The Save As screen opens, browse to the location that you want to use and click Save.OK Click OK to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC. You can only change the name.Cancel Click Cancel to quit and return to the My Certificates screen.Table 59 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates > EditLABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide126Figure 70 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates > ImportThe following table describes the labels in this screen. 11.3 Trusted CertificatesClick Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted Certificates to open the Trusted Certificates screen. This screen displays a summary list of certificates that you have set the NWA/WAC to accept as trusted. The NWA/WAC also accepts any valid certificate signed by a certificate on this list as being trustworthy; thus you do not need to import any certificate that is signed by one of these certificates. Table 60 Configuration > Object > Certificate > My Certificates > ImportLABEL DESCRIPTIONFile Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it.You cannot import a certificate with the same name as a certificate that is already in the NWA/WAC.Browse Click Browse to find the certificate file you want to upload. Password This field only applies when you import a binary PKCS#12 format file. Type the file’s password that was created when the PKCS #12 file was exported. OK Click OK to save the certificate on the NWA/WAC.Cancel Click Cancel to quit and return to the My Certificates screen.
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide127Figure 71 Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted Certificates The following table describes the labels in this screen. 11.3.1 Edit Trusted CertificatesClick Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted Certificates and then a certificate’s Edit icon to open the Trusted Certificates Edit screen. Use this screen to view in-depth information about the certificate, Table 61 Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted CertificatesLABEL DESCRIPTIONPKI Storage Space in UseThis bar displays the percentage of the NWA/WAC’s PKI storage space that is currently in use. When the storage space is almost full, you should consider deleting expired or unnecessary certificates before adding more certificates.Edit Double-click an entry or select it and click Edit to open a screen with an in-depth list of information about the certificate.Remove The NWA/WAC keeps all of your certificates unless you specifically delete them. Uploading a new firmware or default configuration file does not delete your certificates. To remove an entry, select it and click Remove. The NWA/WAC confirms you want to remove it before doing so. Subsequent certificates move up by one when you take this action.Object Reference You cannot delete certificates that any of the NWA/WAC’s features are configured to use. Select an entry and click Object Reference to open a screen that shows which settings use the entry.# This field displays the certificate index number. The certificates are listed in alphabetical order. Name This field displays the name used to identify this certificate. Subject This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s owner, such as CN (Common Name), OU (Organizational Unit or department), O (Organization or company) and C (Country). It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information.Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as a common name, organizational unit or department, organization or company and country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same information as in the Subject field.Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. Valid To This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expired! message if the certificate has expired.Import Click Import to open a screen where you can save the certificate of a certification authority that you trust, from your computer to the NWA/WAC.Refresh Click this button to display the current validity status of the certificates.
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide128change the certificate’s name and set whether or not you want the NWA/WAC to check a certification authority’s list of revoked certificates before trusting a certificate issued by the certification authority.Figure 72 Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted Certificates > Edit
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide129The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 62 Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted Certificates > EditLABEL DESCRIPTIONName This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. You can change the name. You can use up to 31 alphanumeric and ;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=- characters.Certification Path Click the Refresh button to have this read-only text box display the end entity’s certificate and a list of certification authority certificates that shows the hierarchy of certification authorities that validate the end entity’s certificate. If the issuing certification authority is one that you have imported as a trusted certificate, it may be the only certification authority in the list (along with the end entity’s own certificate). The NWA/WAC does not trust the end entity’s certificate and displays “Not trusted” in this field if any certificate on the path has expired or been revoked.Refresh Click Refresh to display the certification path.Enable X.509v3 CRL Distribution Points and OCSP checking Select this check box to have the NWA/WAC check incoming certificates that are signed by this certificate against a Certificate Revocation List (CRL) or an OCSP server. You also need to configure the OSCP or LDAP server details.OCSP Server Select this check box if the directory server uses OCSP (Online Certificate Status Protocol).URL Type the protocol, IP address and pathname of the OCSP server. ID The NWA/WAC may need to authenticate itself in order to assess the OCSP server. Type the login name (up to 31 ASCII characters) from the entity maintaining the server (usually a certification authority).Password Type the password (up to 31 ASCII characters) from the entity maintaining the OCSP server (usually a certification authority).LDAP Server Select this check box if the directory server uses LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol). LDAP is a protocol over TCP that specifies how clients access directories of certificates and lists of revoked certificates.Address Type the IP address (in dotted decimal notation) of the directory server. Port Use this field to specify the LDAP server port number. You must use the same server port number that the directory server uses. 389 is the default server port number for LDAP.ID The NWA/WAC may need to authenticate itself in order to assess the CRL directory server. Type the login name (up to 31 ASCII characters) from the entity maintaining the server (usually a certification authority).Password Type the password (up to 31 ASCII characters) from the entity maintaining the CRL directory server (usually a certification authority).Certificate InformationThese read-only fields display detailed information about the certificate. Type This field displays general information about the certificate. CA-signed means that a Certification Authority signed the certificate. Self-signed means that the certificate’s owner signed the certificate (not a certification authority). X.509 means that this certificate was created and signed according to the ITU-T X.509 recommendation that defines the formats for public-key certificates.Version This field displays the X.509 version number. Serial Number This field displays the certificate’s identification number given by the certification authority.Subject This field displays information that identifies the owner of the certificate, such as Common Name (CN), Organizational Unit (OU), Organization (O) and Country (C).Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification authority, such as Common Name, Organizational Unit, Organization and Country. With self-signed certificates, this is the same information as in the Subject Name field.Signature Algorithm This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to sign the certificate. Some certification authorities use rsa-pkcs1-sha1 (RSA public-private key encryption algorithm and the SHA1 hash algorithm). Other certification authorities may use rsa-pkcs1-md5 (RSA public-private key encryption algorithm and the MD5 hash algorithm).
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide13011.3.2 Import Trusted CertificatesClick Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted Certificates > Import to open the Import Trusted Certificates screen. Follow the instructions in this screen to save a trusted certificate to the NWA/WAC.Note: You must remove any spaces from the certificate’s filename before you can import the certificate.Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. The text displays in red and includes a Not Yet Valid! message if the certificate has not yet become applicable.Valid To This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and includes an Expiring! or Expired! message if the certificate is about to expire or has already expired.Key Algorithm This field displays the type of algorithm that was used to generate the certificate’s key pair (the NWA/WAC uses RSA encryption) and the length of the key set in bits (1024 bits for example).Subject Alternative NameThis field displays the certificate’s owner‘s IP address (IP), domain name (DNS) or e-mail address (EMAIL).Key Usage This field displays for what functions the certificate’s key can be used. For example, “DigitalSignature” means that the key can be used to sign certificates and “KeyEncipherment” means that the key can be used to encrypt text.Basic Constraint This field displays general information about the certificate. For example, Subject Type=CA means that this is a certification authority’s certificate and “Path Length Constraint=1” means that there can only be one certification authority in the certificate’s path.MD5 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the NWA/WAC calculated using the MD5 algorithm. You can use this value to verify with the certification authority (over the phone for example) that this is actually their certificate. SHA1 Fingerprint This is the certificate’s message digest that the NWA/WAC calculated using the SHA1 algorithm. You can use this value to verify with the certification authority (over the phone for example) that this is actually their certificate.Certificate This read-only text box displays the certificate or certification request in Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. PEM uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary certificate into a printable form.You can copy and paste the certificate into an e-mail to send to friends or colleagues or you can copy and paste the certificate into a text editor and save the file on a management computer for later distribution (via floppy disk for example).Export Certificate Click this button and then Save in the File Download screen. The Save As screen opens, browse to the location that you want to use and click Save.OK Click OK to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC. You can only change the name.Cancel Click Cancel to quit and return to the Trusted Certificates screen.Table 62 Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted Certificates > Edit (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 11 CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide131Figure 73 Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted Certificates > ImportThe following table describes the labels in this screen. 11.4 Technical ReferenceThe following section contains additional technical information about the features described in this chapter.OCSPOCSP (Online Certificate Status Protocol) allows an application or device to check whether a certificate is valid. With OCSP the NWA/WAC checks the status of individual certificates instead of downloading a Certificate Revocation List (CRL). OCSP has two main advantages over a CRL. The first is real-time status information. The second is a reduction in network traffic since the NWA/WAC only gets information on the certificates that it needs to verify, not a huge list. When the NWA/WAC requests certificate status information, the OCSP server returns a “expired”, “current” or “unknown” response.Table 63 Configuration > Object > Certificate > Trusted Certificates > ImportLABEL DESCRIPTIONFile Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it.You cannot import a certificate with the same name as a certificate that is already in the NWA/WAC.Browse Click Browse to find the certificate file you want to upload. OK Click OK to save the certificate on the NWA/WAC.Cancel Click Cancel to quit and return to the previous screen.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide132CHAPTER 12System12.1 OverviewUse the system screens to configure general NWA/WAC settings. 12.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter•The Host Name screen (Section 12.2 on page 132) configures a unique name for the NWA/WAC in your network.• The Date/Time screen (Section 12.3 on page 133) configures the date and time for the NWA/WAC.• The WWW screens (Section 12.4 on page 137) configure settings for HTTP or HTTPS access to the NWA/WAC. • The SSH screen (Section 12.5 on page 147) configures SSH (Secure SHell) for securely accessing the NWA/WAC’s command line interface. • The Telnet screen (Section 12.6 on page 151) configures Telnet for accessing the NWA/WAC’s command line interface. •The FTP screen (Section 12.7 on page 151) specifies FTP server settings. You can upload and download the NWA/WAC’s firmware and configuration files using FTP. Please also see Chapter 14 on page 170 for more information about firmware and configuration files.• The SNMP screens (Section 12.8 on page 152) configure the device’s SNMP settings, including profiles that define allowed SNMPv3 access.12.2 Host NameA host name is the unique name by which a device is known on a network. Click Configuration > System > Host Name to open this screen.Figure 74 Configuration > System > Host Name
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide133The following table describes the labels in this screen. 12.3 Date and Time For effective scheduling and logging, the NWA/WAC system time must be accurate. The NWA/WAC has a software mechanism to set the time manually or get the current time and date from an external server.To change your NWA/WAC’s time based on your local time zone and date, click Configuration > System > Date/Time. The screen displays as shown. You can manually set the NWA/WAC’s time and date or have the NWA/WAC get the date and time from a time server.Table 64 Configuration > System > Host NameLABEL DESCRIPTIONSystem Name Choose a descriptive name to identify your NWA/WAC device. This name can be up to 64 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes (-) underscores (_) and periods (.) are accepted.System Location Specify the name of the place where the NWA/WAC is located. You can enter up to 60 alphanumeric and '()’ ,:;?! +-*/= #$%@ characters. Spaces and underscores are allowed. The name should start with a letter. Domain Name Enter the domain name (if you know it) here. This name is propagated to DHCP clients connected to interfaces with the DHCP server enabled. This name can be up to 254 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes “-” are accepted.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Reset Click Reset to return the screen to its last-saved settings.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide134Figure 75 Configuration > System > Date/TimeThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 65 Configuration > System > Date/TimeLABEL DESCRIPTIONCurrent Time and DateCurrent Time This field displays the present time of your NWA/WAC.Current Date This field displays the present date of your NWA/WAC. Time and Date SetupManual Select this radio button to enter the time and date manually. If you configure a new time and date, time zone and daylight saving at the same time, the time zone and daylight saving will affect the new time and date you entered. When you enter the time settings manually, the NWA/WAC uses the new setting once you click Apply.New Time (hh:mm:ss)This field displays the last updated time from the time server or the last time configured manually.When you set Time and Date Setup to Manual, enter the new time in this field and then click Apply. New Date (yyyy-mm-dd)This field displays the last updated date from the time server or the last date configured manually.When you set Time and Date Setup to Manual, enter the new date in this field and then click Apply.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide135Get from Time ServerSelect this radio button to have the NWA/WAC get the time and date from the time server you specify below. The NWA/WAC requests time and date settings from the time server under the following circumstances.• When the NWA/WAC starts up.• When you click Apply or Sync. Now in this screen.• 24-hour intervals after starting up.Time Server Address Enter the IP address or URL of your time server. Check with your ISP/network administrator if you are unsure of this information.Sync. Now Click this button to have the NWA/WAC get the time and date from a time server (see the Time Server Address field). This also saves your changes (except the daylight saving settings).Time Zone SetupTime Zone Choose the time zone of your location. This will set the time difference between your time zone and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Enable Daylight Saving Daylight saving is a period from late spring to fall when many countries set their clocks ahead of normal local time by one hour to give more daytime light in the evening.Select this option if you use Daylight Saving Time.Start Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time starts if you selected Enable Daylight Saving. The at field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples:Daylight Saving Time starts in most parts of the United States on the second Sunday of March. Each time zone in the United States starts using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you would select Second, Sunday, March and type 2 in the at field.Daylight Saving Time starts in the European Union on the last Sunday of March. All of the time zones in the European Union start using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last, Sunday, March. The time you type in the at field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1). End Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time ends if you selected Enable Daylight Saving. The at field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples:Daylight Saving Time ends in the United States on the first Sunday of November. Each time zone in the United States stops using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you would select First, Sunday, November and type 2 in the at field.Daylight Saving Time ends in the European Union on the last Sunday of October. All of the time zones in the European Union stop using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last, Sunday, October. The time you type in the at field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1). Offset Specify how much the clock changes when daylight saving begins and ends. Enter a number from 1 to 5.5 (by 0.5 increments). For example, if you set this field to 3.5, a log occurred at 6 P.M. in local official time will appear as if it had occurred at 10:30 P.M.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Reset Click Reset to return the screen to its last-saved settings. Table 65 Configuration > System > Date/Time (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide13612.3.1 Pre-defined NTP Time Servers ListWhen you turn on the NWA/WAC for the first time, the date and time start at 2003-01-01 00:00:00. The NWA/WAC then attempts to synchronize with one of the following pre-defined list of Network Time Protocol (NTP) time servers.The NWA/WAC continues to use the following pre-defined list of NTP time servers if you do not specify a time server or it cannot synchronize with the time server you specified. When the NWA/WAC uses the pre-defined list of NTP time servers, it randomly selects one server and tries to synchronize with it. If the synchronization fails, then the NWA/WAC goes through the rest of the list in order from the first one tried until either it is successful or all the pre-defined NTP time servers have been tried.12.3.2 Time Server SynchronizationClick the Sync. Now button to get the time and date from the time server you specified in the Time Server Address field.When the Loading message appears, you may have to wait up to one minute.Figure 76 LoadingThe Current Time and Current Date fields will display the appropriate settings if the synchronization is successful.If the synchronization was not successful, a log displays in the View Log screen. Try re-configuring the Date/Time screen.To manually set the NWA/WAC date and time:1Click System > Date/Time.2Select Manual under Time and Date Setup.3Enter the NWA/WAC’s time in the New Time field.4Enter the NWA/WAC’s date in the New Date field.5Under Time Zone Setup, select your Time Zone from the list.6As an option you can select the Enable Daylight Saving check box to adjust the NWA/WAC clock for daylight savings.7Click Apply.Table 66 Default Time Servers0.pool.ntp.org1.pool.ntp.org2.pool.ntp.org
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide137To get the NWA/WAC date and time from a time server:1Click System > Date/Time.2Select Get from Time Server under Time and Date Setup.3Under Time Zone Setup, select your Time Zone from the list.4Under Time and Date Setup, enter a Time Server Address.5Click Apply.12.4 WWW OverviewThe following figure shows secure and insecure management of the NWA/WAC coming in from the WAN. HTTPS and SSH access are secure. HTTP, Telnet, and FTP management access are not secure. Figure 77 Secure and Insecure Service Access From the WAN12.4.1 Service Access LimitationsA service cannot be used to access the NWA/WAC when you have disabled that service in the corresponding screen.12.4.2 System TimeoutThere is a lease timeout for administrators. The NWA/WAC automatically logs you out if the management session remains idle for longer than this timeout period. The management session does not time out when a statistics screen is polling. Each user is also forced to log in the NWA/WAC for authentication again when the reauthentication time expires. You can change the timeout settings in the User screens.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide13812.4.3 HTTPSYou can set the NWA/WAC to use HTTP or HTTPS (HTTPS adds security) for Web Configurator sessions. HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer, or HTTP over SSL) is a web protocol that encrypts and decrypts web pages. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is an application-level protocol that enables secure transactions of data by ensuring confidentiality (an unauthorized party cannot read the transferred data), authentication (one party can identify the other party) and data integrity (you know if data has been changed). It relies upon certificates, public keys, and private keys (see Chapter 11 on page 115 for more information).HTTPS on the NWA/WAC is used so that you can securely access the NWA/WAC using the Web Configurator. The SSL protocol specifies that the HTTPS server (the NWA/WAC) must always authenticate itself to the HTTPS client (the computer which requests the HTTPS connection with the NWA/WAC), whereas the HTTPS client only should authenticate itself when the HTTPS server requires it to do so (select Authenticate Client Certificates in the WWW screen). Authenticate Client Certificates is optional and if selected means the HTTPS client must send the NWA/WAC a certificate. You must apply for a certificate for the browser from a CA that is a trusted CA on the NWA/WAC.Please refer to the following figure.1HTTPS connection requests from an SSL-aware web browser go to port 443 (by default) on the NWA/WAC’s web server.2HTTP connection requests from a web browser go to port 80 (by default) on the NWA/WAC’s web server.Figure 78 HTTP/HTTPS ImplementationNote: If you disable HTTP in the WWW screen, then the NWA/WAC blocks all HTTP connection attempts.12.4.4 Configuring WWW Service ControlClick Configuration > System > WWW to open the WWW screen. Use this screen to specify HTTP or HTTPS settings.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide139Figure 79 Configuration > System > WWW > Service ControlThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 67 Configuration > System > WWW > Service ControlLABEL DESCRIPTIONHTTPSEnable Select the check box to allow or disallow the computer with the IP address that matches the IP address(es) in the Service Control table to access the NWA/WAC Web Configurator using secure HTTPs connections.Server Port The HTTPS server listens on port 443 by default. If you change the HTTPS server port to a different number on the NWA/WAC, for example 8443, then you must notify people who need to access the NWA/WAC Web Configurator to use “https://NWA/WAC IP Address:8443” as the URL.Authenticate Client CertificatesSelect Authenticate Client Certificates (optional) to require the SSL client to authenticate itself to the NWA/WAC by sending the NWA/WAC a certificate. To do that the SSL client must have a CA-signed certificate from a CA that has been imported as a trusted CA on the NWA/WAC.Server Certificate Select a certificate the HTTPS server (the NWA/WAC) uses to authenticate itself to the HTTPS client. You must have certificates already configured in the My Certificates screen.Redirect HTTP to HTTPS To allow only secure Web Configurator access, select this to redirect all HTTP connection requests to the HTTPS server.HTTPEnable Select the check box to allow or disallow the computer with the IP address that matches the IP address(es) in the Service Control table to access the NWA/WAC Web Configurator using HTTP connections.Server Port You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service to access the NWA/WAC.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC. Reset Click Reset to return the screen to its last-saved settings.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide14012.4.5 HTTPS ExampleIf you haven’t changed the default HTTPS port on the NWA/WAC, then in your browser enter “https://NWA/WAC IP Address/” as the web site address where “NWA/WAC IP Address” is the IP address or domain name of the NWA/WAC you wish to access.12.4.5.1 Internet Explorer Warning MessagesWhen you attempt to access the NWA/WAC HTTPS server, you will see the error message shown in the following screen.Figure 80 Security Alert Dialog Box (Internet Explorer)Select Continue to this website. to proceed to the Web Configurator login screen. Otherwise, select Click here to close this webpage. to block the access.12.4.5.2 Mozilla Firefox Warning MessagesWhen you attempt to access the NWA/WAC HTTPS server, a The Connection is Untrusted screen appears as shown in the following screen. Click Technical Details if you want to verify more information about the certificate from the NWA/WAC.Select I Understand the Risks and then click Add Exception to add the NWA/WAC to the security exception list. Click Confirm Security Exception.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide141Figure 81 Security Certificate 1 (Firefox)Figure 82 Security Certificate 2 (Firefox)12.4.5.3 Avoiding Browser Warning MessagesHere are the main reasons your browser displays warnings about the NWA/WAC’s HTTPS server certificate and what you can do to avoid seeing the warnings:• The issuing certificate authority of the NWA/WAC’s HTTPS server certificate is not one of the browser’s trusted certificate authorities. The issuing certificate authority of the NWA/WAC's factory default certificate is the NWA/WAC itself since the certificate is a self-signed certificate.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide142• For the browser to trust a self-signed certificate, import the self-signed certificate into your operating system as a trusted certificate. • To have the browser trust the certificates issued by a certificate authority, import the certificate authority’s certificate into your operating system as a trusted certificate. Refer to Appendix A on page 198 for details.12.4.5.4 Enrolling and Importing SSL Client CertificatesThe SSL client needs a certificate if Authenticate Client Certificates is selected on the NWA/WAC. You must have imported at least one trusted CA to the NWA/WAC in order for the Authenticate Client Certificates to be active (see the Certificates chapter for details). Apply for a certificate from a Certification Authority (CA) that is trusted by the NWA/WAC (see the NWA/WAC’s Trusted Certificates Web Configurator screen).Figure 83 Trusted CertificatesThe CA sends you a package containing the CA’s trusted certificate(s), your personal certificate(s) and a password to install the personal certificate(s).
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide14312.4.5.5 Installing the CA’s Certificate1Double click the CA’s trusted certificate to produce a screen similar to the one shown next.2Click Install Certificate and follow the wizard as shown.12.4.5.6 Installing a Personal CertificateYou need a password in advance. The CA may issue the password or you may have to specify it during the enrollment. Double-click the personal certificate given to you by the CA to produce a screen similar to the one shown next.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1441Click Next to begin the wizard.2The file name and path of the certificate you double-clicked should automatically appear in the File name text box. Click Browse if you wish to import a different certificate.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1453Enter the password given to you by the CA.4Have the wizard determine where the certificate should be saved on your computer or select Place all certificates in the following store and choose a different location.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1465Click Finish to complete the wizard and begin the import process.6You should see the following screen when the certificate is correctly installed on your computer. 12.4.5.7 Using a Certificate When Accessing the NWA/WACTo access the NWA/WAC via HTTPS:1Enter ‘https://NWA/WAC IP Address/’ in your browser’s web address field.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1472When Authenticate Client Certificates is selected on the NWA/WAC, the following screen asks you to select a personal certificate to send to the NWA/WAC. This screen displays even if you only have a single certificate as in the example.3You next see the Web Configurator login screen.12.5 SSH You can use SSH (Secure SHell) to securely access the NWA/WAC’s command line interface. SSH is a secure communication protocol that combines authentication and data encryption to provide secure encrypted communication between two hosts over an unsecured network. In the following figure, computer B on the Internet uses SSH to securely connect to the NWA/WAC (A) for a management session.Figure 84 SSH Communication Over the WAN Example12.5.1 How SSH WorksThe following figure is an example of how a secure connection is established between two remote hosts using SSH v1.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide148Figure 85 How SSH v1 Works Example1Host IdentificationThe SSH client sends a connection request to the SSH server. The server identifies itself with a host key. The client encrypts a randomly generated session key with the host key and server key and sends the result back to the server.The client automatically saves any new server public keys. In subsequent connections, the server public key is checked against the saved version on the client computer.2Encryption MethodOnce the identification is verified, both the client and server must agree on the type of encryption method to use.3Authentication and Data TransmissionAfter the identification is verified and data encryption activated, a secure tunnel is established between the client and the server. The client then sends its authentication information (user name and password) to the server to log in to the server.12.5.2 SSH Implementation on the NWA/WACYour NWA/WAC supports SSH versions 1 and 2 using RSA authentication and four encryption methods (AES, 3DES, Archfour, and Blowfish). The SSH server is implemented on the NWA/WAC for management using port 22 (by default).
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide14912.5.3 Requirements for Using SSHYou must install an SSH client program on a client computer (Windows or Linux operating system) that is used to connect to the NWA/WAC over SSH.12.5.4 Configuring SSHClick Configuration > System > SSH to open the following screen. Use this screen to configure your NWA/WAC’s Secure Shell settings.Note: It is recommended that you disable Telnet and FTP when you configure SSH for secure connections.Figure 86 Configuration > System > SSHThe following table describes the labels in this screen. 12.5.5 Examples of Secure Telnet Using SSHThis section shows two examples using a command interface and a graphical interface SSH client program to remotely access the NWA/WAC. The configuration and connection steps are similar for most SSH client programs. Refer to your SSH client program user’s guide.12.5.5.1 Example 1: Microsoft Windows This section describes how to access the NWA/WAC using the Secure Shell Client program.Table 68 Configuration > System > SSHLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Select the check box to allow or disallow the computer with the IP address that matches the IP address(es) in the Service Control table to access the NWA/WAC CLI using this service.Version 1 Select the check box to have the NWA/WAC use both SSH version 1 and version 2 protocols. If you clear the check box, the NWA/WAC uses only SSH version 2 protocol.Server Port You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.Server Certificate Select the certificate whose corresponding private key is to be used to identify the NWA/WAC for SSH connections. You must have certificates already configured in the My Certificates screen.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC. Reset Click Reset to return the screen to its last-saved settings.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1501Launch the SSH client and specify the connection information (IP address, port number) for the NWA/WAC. 2Configure the SSH client to accept connection using SSH version 1. 3A window displays prompting you to store the host key in you computer. Click Yes to continue. Figure 87 SSH Example 1: Store Host KeyEnter the password to log in to the NWA/WAC. The CLI screen displays next. 12.5.5.2 Example 2: LinuxThis section describes how to access the NWA/WAC using the OpenSSH client program that comes with most Linux distributions. 1Test whether the SSH service is available on the NWA/WAC. Enter “telnet 192.168.1.2 22” at a terminal prompt and press [ENTER]. The computer attempts to connect to port 22 on the NWA/WAC (using the default IP address of 192.168.1.2). A message displays indicating the SSH protocol version supported by the NWA/WAC. Figure 88 SSH Example 2: Test 2Enter “ssh –1 192.168.1.2”. This command forces your computer to connect to the NWA/WAC using SSH version 1. If this is the first time you are connecting to the NWA/WAC using SSH, a message displays prompting you to save the host information of the NWA/WAC. Type “yes” and press [ENTER]. Then enter the password to log in to the NWA/WAC. Figure 89 SSH Example 2: Log in$ telnet 192.168.1.2 22Trying 192.168.1.2...Connected to 192.168.1.2.Escape character is '^]'.SSH-1.5-1.0.0$ ssh –1 192.168.1.2The authenticity of host '192.168.1.2 (192.168.1.2)' can't be established.RSA1 key fingerprint is 21:6c:07:25:7e:f4:75:80:ec:af:bd:d4:3d:80:53:d1.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yesWarning: Permanently added '192.168.1.2' (RSA1) to the list of known hosts.Administrator@192.168.1.2's password:
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1513The CLI screen displays next. 12.6 Telnet You can use Telnet to access the NWA/WAC’s command line interface. Click Configuration > System > TELNET to configure your NWA/WAC for remote Telnet access. Use this screen to enable or disable Telnet and set the server port number. Figure 90 Configuration > System > TELNETThe following table describes the labels in this screen. 12.7 FTP You can upload and download the NWA/WAC’s firmware and configuration files using FTP. To use this feature, your computer must have an FTP client. See Chapter 14 on page 170 for more information about firmware and configuration files.To change your NWA/WAC’s FTP settings, click Configuration > System > FTP tab. The screen appears as shown. Use this screen to specify FTP settings.Table 69 Configuration > System > TELNETLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Select the check box to allow or disallow the computer with the IP address that matches the IP address(es) in the Service Control table to access the NWA/WAC CLI using this service.Server Port You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC. Reset Click Reset to return the screen to its last-saved settings.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide152Figure 91 Configuration > System > FTPThe following table describes the labels in this screen. 12.8 SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol is a protocol used for exchanging management information between network devices. Your NWA/WAC supports SNMP agent functionality, which allows a manager station to manage and monitor the NWA/WAC through the network. The NWA/WAC supports SNMP version one (SNMPv1), version two (SNMPv2c), and version three (SNMPv3). The next figure illustrates an SNMP management operation. Table 70 Configuration > System > FTPLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Select the check box to allow or disallow the computer with the IP address that matches the IP address(es) in the Service Control table to access the NWA/WAC using this service.TLS required Select the check box to use FTP over TLS (Transport Layer Security) to encrypt communication.This implements TLS as a security mechanism to secure FTP clients and/or servers.Server Port You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.Server Certificate Select the certificate whose corresponding private key is to be used to identify the NWA/WAC for FTP connections. You must have certificates already configured in the My Certificates screen.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC. Reset Click Reset to return the screen to its last-saved settings.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide153Figure 92 SNMP Management ModelAn SNMP managed network consists of two main types of component: agents and a manager. An agent is a management software module that resides in a managed device (the NWA/WAC). An agent translates the local management information from the managed device into a form compatible with SNMP. The manager is the console through which network administrators perform network management functions. It executes applications that control and monitor managed devices. The managed devices contain object variables/managed objects that define each piece of information to be collected about a device. Examples of variables include such as number of packets received, node port status etc. A Management Information Base (MIB) is a collection of managed objects. SNMP allows a manager and agents to communicate for the purpose of accessing these objects.SNMP itself is a simple request/response protocol based on the manager/agent model. The manager issues a request and the agent returns responses using the following protocol operations:• Get - Allows the manager to retrieve an object variable from the agent. • GetNext - Allows the manager to retrieve the next object variable from a table or list within an agent. In SNMPv1, when a manager wants to retrieve all elements of a table from an agent, it initiates a Get operation, followed by a series of GetNext operations. • Set - Allows the manager to set values for object variables within an agent. • Trap - Used by the agent to inform the manager of some events.12.8.1 Supported MIBsThe NWA/WAC supports MIB II that is defined in RFC-1213 and RFC-1215. The NWA/WAC also supports private MIBs (ZYXEL-ES-CAPWAP.MIB, ZYXEL-ES-COMMON.MIB, ZYXEL-ES-ZyXELAPMgmt.MIB, ZYXEL-ES-PROWLAN.MIB, ZYXEL-ES-RFMGMT.MIB, ZYXEL-ES-SMI.MIB, and ZYXEL-ES-WIRELESS.MIB) to collect information about CPU and memory usage and VPN total throughput. The focus of the MIBs is to let
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide154administrators collect statistical data and monitor status and performance. You can download the NWA/WAC’s MIBs from www.zyxel.com.12.8.2 SNMP TrapsThe NWA/WAC will send traps to the SNMP manager when any one of the following events occurs.12.8.3 Configuring SNMP To change your NWA/WAC’s SNMP settings, click Configuration > System > SNMP tab. The screen appears as shown. Use this screen to configure your SNMP settings. You can also configure user profiles that define allowed SNMPv3 access.Figure 93 Configuration > System > SNMPThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 71 SNMP TrapsOBJECT LABEL OBJECT ID DESCRIPTIONlinkDown 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.3 This trap is sent when the Ethernet link is down.linkUp 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.4 This trap is sent when the Ethernet link is up.authenticationFailure 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.5 This trap is sent when an SNMP request comes from non-authenticated hosts.Table 72 Configuration > System > SNMPLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Select the check box to allow or disallow users to access the NWA/WAC using SNMP.Server Port You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management.
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide15512.8.4 Adding or Editing an SNMPv3 User ProfileThis screen allows you to add or edit an SNMPv3 user profile. To access this screen, click the Configuration > System > SNMP screen’s Add button or select a SNMPv3 user profile from the list and click the Edit button.Figure 94 Configuration > System > SNMP > AddTrapCommunity Type the trap community, which is the password sent with each trap to the SNMP manager. The default is public and allows all requests.Destination Type the IP address of the station to send your SNMP traps to.Trap Wireless EventSelect this to have the NWA/WAC send a trap to the SNMP manager when a wireless client is connected to or disconnected from the NWA/WAC.SNMPv2c Select this to allow SNMP managers using SNMPv2c to access the NWA/WAC.Get Community Enter the Get Community, which is the password for the incoming Get and GetNext requests from the management station. The default is public and allows all requests.Set Community Enter the Set community, which is the password for incoming Set requests from the management station. The default is private and allows all requests.SNMPv3 Select this to allow SNMP managers using SNMPv3 to access the NWA/WAC.Add Click this to create a new entry. Select an entry and click Add to create a new entry after the selected entry.Edit Double-click an entry or select it and click Edit to be able to modify the entry’s settings. Remove To remove an entry, select it and click Remove. The NWA/WAC confirms you want to remove it before doing so. Note that subsequent entries move up by one when you take this action.#This the index number of an SNMPv3 user profile.User Name This is the name of the user for which this SNMPv3 user profile is configured.Authentication This field displays the type of authentication the SNMPv3 user must use to connect to the NWA/WAC using this SNMPv3 user profile.Privacy This field displays the type of encryption the SNMPv3 user must use to connect to the NWA/WAC using this SNMPv3 user profile.Privilege This field displays whether the SNMPv3 user can have read-only or read and write access to the NWA/WAC using this SNMPv3 user profile.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC. Reset Click Reset to return the screen to its last-saved settings. Table 72 Configuration > System > SNMP (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 12 SystemNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide156The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 73 Configuration > System > SNMPLABEL DESCRIPTIONUser Name Select the user name of the user account for which this SNMPv3 user profile is configured.Authentication Select the type of authentication the SNMPv3 user must use to connect to the NWA/WAC using this SNMPv3 user profile.Select MD5 to require the SNMPv3 user’s password be encrypted by MD5 for authentication.Select SHA to require the SNMPv3 user’s password be encrypted by SHA for authentication.Privacy Select the type of encryption the SNMPv3 user must use to connect to the NWA/WAC using this SNMPv3 user profile.Select NONE to not encrypt the SNMPv3 communications.Select DES to use DES to encrypt the SNMPv3 communications.Select AES to use AES to encrypt the SNMPv3 communications.Privilege Select whether the SNMPv3 user can have read-only or read and write access to the NWA/WAC using this SNMPv3 user profile.OK Click OK to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving your changes.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide157CHAPTER 13Log and Report13.1 OverviewUse the system screens to configure daily reporting and log settings. 13.1.1 What You Can Do In this Chapter• The Email Daily Report screen (Section 13.2 on page 157) configures how and where to send daily reports and what reports to send.• The Log Setting screens (Section 13.3 on page 159) specify which logs are e-mailed, where they are e-mailed, and how often they are e-mailed.13.2 Email Daily ReportUse this screen to start or stop data collection and view various statistics about traffic passing through your NWA/WAC. Note: Data collection may decrease the NWA/WAC’s traffic throughput rate.Click Configuration > Log & Report > Email Daily Report to display the following screen. Configure this screen to have the NWA/WAC e-mail you system statistics every day.
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide158Figure 95 Configuration > Log & Report > Email Daily Report
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide159The following table describes the labels in this screen. 13.3 Log Setting These screens control log messages and alerts. A log message stores the information for viewing (for example, in the Monitor > View Log screen) or regular e-mailing later, and an alert is e-mailed immediately. Usually, alerts are used for events that require more serious attention, such as system errors and attacks.The NWA/WAC provides a system log and supports e-mail profiles and remote syslog servers. The system log is available on the View Log screen, the e-mail profiles are used to mail log messages to the specified destinations, and the other four logs are stored on specified syslog servers.The Log Setting tab also controls what information is saved in each log. For the system log, you can also specify which log messages are e-mailed, where they are e-mailed, and how often they are e-mailed.Table 74 Configuration > Log & Report > Email Daily ReportLABEL DESCRIPTIONEnable Email Daily ReportSelect this to send reports by e-mail every day. Mail Server Type the name or IP address of the outgoing SMTP server.SSL/TLS EncryptionSelect SSL/TLS to use Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) if you want encrypted communications between the mail server and the NWA/WAC. Select STARTTLS to upgrade a plain text connection to a secure connection using SSL/TLS.Select No to not encrypt the communications.Mail Server Port Enter the same port number here as is on the mail server for mail traffic.Mail Subject Type the subject line for the outgoing e-mail. Select Append system name to add the NWA/WAC’s system name to the subject. Select Append date time to add the NWA/WAC’s system date and time to the subject.Mail From Type the e-mail address from which the outgoing e-mail is delivered. This address is used in replies.Mail To Type the e-mail address (or addresses) to which the outgoing e-mail is delivered.SMTP AuthenticationSelect this check box if it is necessary to provide a user name and password to the SMTP server.User Name This box is effective when you select the SMTP Authentication check box. Type the user name to provide to the SMTP server when the log is e-mailed.Password This box is effective when you select the SMTP Authentication check box. Type the password to provide to the SMTP server when the log is e-mailed.Send Report NowClick this button to have the NWA/WAC send the daily e-mail report immediately.Time for sending reportSelect the time of day (hours and minutes) when the log is e-mailed. Use 24-hour notation.Report Items Select the information to include in the report. Select Reset counters after sending report successfully if you only want to see statistics for a 24 hour period.Reset All CountersClick this to discard all report data and start all of the counters over at zero. Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Reset Click Reset to return the screen to its last-saved settings.
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide160For alerts, the Log Setting screen controls which events generate alerts and where alerts are e-mailed.The Log Setting screen provides a summary of all the settings. You can use the Edit Log Setting screen to maintain the detailed settings (such as log categories, e-mail addresses, server names, etc.) for any log. Alternatively, if you want to edit what events is included in each log, you can also use the Active Log Summary screen to edit this information for all logs at the same time.13.3.1 Log Setting ScreenTo access this screen, click Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting.Figure 96 Configuration > Log & Report > Log SettingThe following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 75 Configuration > Log & Report > Log SettingLABEL DESCRIPTIONEdit Double-click an entry or select it and click Edit to open a screen where you can modify the entry’s settings. Activate To turn on an entry, select it and click Activate.Inactivate To turn off an entry, select it and click Inactivate.# This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific log.Status This field shows whether the log is active or not.Name This field displays the name of the log (system log or one of the remote servers).
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide16113.3.2 Edit System Log Settings This screen controls the detailed settings for each log in the system log (which includes the e-mail profiles). Select a system log entry in the Log Setting screen and click the Edit icon.Log Format This field displays the format of the log. Internal - system log; you can view the log on the View Log tab.VRPT/Syslog - Zyxel’s Vantage Report, syslog-compatible format.CEF/Syslog - Common Event Format, syslog-compatible format.Summary This field is a summary of the settings for each log.Active Log SummaryClick this button to open the Active Log Summary screen.Apply Click this button to save your changes (activate and deactivate logs) and make them take effect.Table 75 Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide162Figure 97 Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting > Edit System Log Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 76 Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting > Edit System Log SettingLABEL DESCRIPTIONE-Mail Server 1/2Active Select this to send log messages and alerts according to the information in this section. You specify what kinds of log messages are included in log information and what kinds of log messages are included in alerts in the Active Log and Alert section.Mail Server Type the name or IP address of the outgoing SMTP server.
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide163SSL/TLS Encryption Select SSL/TLS to use Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) if you want encrypted communications between the mail server and the NWA/WAC. Select STARTTLS to upgrade a plain text connection to a secure connection using SSL/TLS.Select No to not encrypt the communications.Mail Server Port Enter the same port number here as is on the mail server for mail traffic.Mail Subject Type the subject line for the outgoing e-mail. Select Append system name to add the NWA/WAC’s system name to the subject. Select Append date time to add the NWA/WAC’s system date and time to the subject.Send From Type the e-mail address from which the outgoing e-mail is delivered. This address is used in replies.Send Log To Type the e-mail address to which the outgoing e-mail is delivered.Send Alerts To Type the e-mail address to which alerts are delivered.Sending Log Select how often log information is e-mailed. Choices are: When Full, Hourly and When Full, Daily and When Full, and Weekly and When Full.Day for Sending Log This field is available if the log is e-mailed weekly. Select the day of the week the log is e-mailed.Time for Sending Log This field is available if the log is e-mailed weekly or daily. Select the time of day (hours and minutes) when the log is e-mailed. Use 24-hour notation.SMTP Authentication Select this check box if it is necessary to provide a user name and password to the SMTP server.User Name This box is effective when you select the SMTP Authentication check box. Type the user name to provide to the SMTP server when the log is e-mailed.Password This box is effective when you select the SMTP Authentication check box. Type the password to provide to the SMTP server when the log is e-mailed.Active Log and AlertSystem log Use the System Log drop-down list to change the log settings for all of the log categories.disable all logs (red X) - do not log any information for any category for the system log or e-mail any logs to e-mail server 1 or 2.enable normal logs (green check mark) - create log messages and alerts for all categories for the system log. If e-mail server 1 or 2 also has normal logs enabled, the NWA/WAC will e-mail logs to them.enable normal logs and debug logs (yellow check mark) - create log messages, alerts, and debugging information for all categories. The NWA/WAC does not e-mail debugging information, even if this setting is selected.E-mail Server 1 Use the E-Mail Server 1 drop-down list to change the settings for e-mailing logs to e-mail server 1 for all log categories.Using the System Log drop-down list to disable all logs overrides your e-mail server 1 settings.enable normal logs (green check mark) - e-mail log messages for all categories to e-mail server 1.enable alert logs (red exclamation point) - e-mail alerts for all categories to e-mail server 1.Table 76 Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting > Edit System Log Setting (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide16413.3.3 Edit Remote Server This screen controls the settings for each log in the remote server (syslog). Select a remote server entry in the Log Setting screen and click the Edit icon. E-mail Server 2 Use the E-Mail Server 2 drop-down list to change the settings for e-mailing logs to e-mail server 2 for all log categories.Using the System Log drop-down list to disable all logs overrides your e-mail server 2 settings.enable normal logs (green check mark) - e-mail log messages for all categories to e-mail server 2.enable alert logs (red exclamation point) - e-mail alerts for all categories to e-mail server 2.# This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific address.Log Category This field displays each category of messages. It is the same value used in the Display and Category fields in the View Log tab. The Default category includes debugging messages generated by open source software.System log Select which events you want to log by Log Category. There are three choices:disable all logs (red X) - do not log any information from this categoryenable normal logs (green checkmark) - create log messages and alerts from this categoryenable normal logs and debug logs (yellow check mark) - create log messages, alerts, and debugging information from this category; the NWA/WAC does not e-mail debugging information, however, even if this setting is selected.E-mail Server 1 Select whether each category of events should be included in the log messages when it is e-mailed (green check mark) and/or in alerts (red exclamation point) for the e-mail settings specified in E-Mail Server 1. The NWA/WAC does not e-mail debugging information, even if it is recorded in the System log.E-mail Server 2 Select whether each category of events should be included in log messages when it is e-mailed (green check mark) and/or in alerts (red exclamation point) for the e-mail settings specified in E-Mail Server 2. The NWA/WAC does not e-mail debugging information, even if it is recorded in the System log.Log ConsolidationActive Select this to activate log consolidation. Log consolidation aggregates multiple log messages that arrive within the specified Log Consolidation Interval. In the View Log tab, the text “[count=x]”, where x is the number of original log messages, is appended at the end of the Message field, when multiple log messages were aggregated.Log Consolidation Interval Type how often, in seconds, to consolidate log information. If the same log message appears multiple times, it is aggregated into one log message with the text “[count=x]”, where x is the number of original log messages, appended at the end of the Message field.OK Click this to save your changes and return to the previous screen.Cancel Click this to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.Table 76 Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting > Edit System Log Setting (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide165Figure 98 Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting > Edit Remote Server
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide166The following table describes the labels in this screen. 13.3.4 Active Log Summary This screen allows you to view and to edit what information is included in the system log, e-mail profiles, and remote servers at the same time. It does not let you change other log settings (for example, where and how often log information is e-mailed or remote server names). To access this screen, go to the Log Setting screen, and click the Active Log Summary button.Table 77 Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting > Edit Remote ServerLABEL DESCRIPTIONLog Settings for Remote ServerActive Select this check box to send log information according to the information in this section. You specify what kinds of messages are included in log information in the Active Log section.Log Format This field displays the format of the log information. It is read-only.VRPT/Syslog - Zyxel’s Vantage Report, syslog-compatible format.CEF/Syslog - Common Event Format, syslog-compatible format.Server Address Type the server name or the IP address of the syslog server to which to send log information.Log Facility Select a log facility. The log facility allows you to log the messages to different files in the syslog server. Please see the documentation for your syslog program for more information.Active LogSelection Use the Selection drop-down list to change the log settings for all of the log categories.disable all logs (red X) - do not send the remote server logs for any log category.enable normal logs (green check mark) - send the remote server log messages and alerts for all log categories. enable normal logs and debug logs (yellow check mark) - send the remote server log messages, alerts, and debugging information for all log categories. # This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific address.Log Category This field displays each category of messages. It is the same value used in the Display and Category fields in the View Log tab. The Default category includes debugging messages generated by open source software.Selection Select what information you want to log from each Log Category (except All Logs; see below). Choices are:disable all logs (red X) - do not log any information from this categoryenable normal logs (green checkmark) - log regular information and alerts from this categoryenable normal logs and debug logs (yellow check mark) - log regular information, alerts, and debugging information from this categoryOK Click this to save your changes and return to the previous screen.Cancel Click this to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide167Figure 99 Active Log Summary This screen provides a different view and a different way of indicating which messages are included in each log and each alert. (The Default category includes debugging messages generated by open source software.)
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide168The following table describes the fields in this screen. Table 78 Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting > Active Log SummaryLABEL DESCRIPTIONActive Log Summary If the NWA/WAC is set to controller mode, the AC section controls logs generated by the controller and the AP section controls logs generated by the managed APs.System log Use the System Log drop-down list to change the log settings for all of the log categories.disable all logs (red X) - do not log any information for any category for the system log or e-mail any logs to e-mail server 1 or 2.enable normal logs (green check mark) - create log messages and alerts for all categories for the system log. If e-mail server 1 or 2 also has normal logs enabled, the NWA/WAC will e-mail logs to them.enable normal logs and debug logs (yellow check mark) - create log messages, alerts, and debugging information for all categories. The NWA/WAC does not e-mail debugging information, even if this setting is selected.E-mail Server 1 Use the E-Mail Server 1 drop-down list to change the settings for e-mailing logs to e-mail server 1 for all log categories.Using the System Log drop-down list to disable all logs overrides your e-mail server 1 settings.enable normal logs (green check mark) - e-mail log messages for all categories to e-mail server 1.enable alert logs (red exclamation point) - e-mail alerts for all categories to e-mail server 1.E-mail Server 2 Use the E-Mail Server 2 drop-down list to change the settings for e-mailing logs to e-mail server 2 for all log categories.Using the System Log drop-down list to disable all logs overrides your e-mail server 2 settings.enable normal logs (green check mark) - e-mail log messages for all categories to e-mail server 2.enable alert logs (red exclamation point) - e-mail alerts for all categories to e-mail server 2.Remote Server 1~4For each remote server, use the Selection drop-down list to change the log settings for all of the log categories.disable all logs (red X) - do not send the remote server logs for any log category.enable normal logs (green check mark) - send the remote server log messages and alerts for all log categories. enable normal logs and debug logs (yellow check mark) - send the remote server log messages, alerts, and debugging information for all log categories. # This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific address.Log Category This field displays each category of messages. It is the same value used in the Display and Category fields in the View Log tab. The Default category includes debugging messages generated by open source software.System log Select which events you want to log by Log Category. There are three choices:disable all logs (red X) - do not log any information from this categoryenable normal logs (green checkmark) - create log messages and alerts from this categoryenable normal logs and debug logs (yellow check mark) - create log messages, alerts, and debugging information from this category; the NWA/WAC does not e-mail debugging information, however, even if this setting is selected.E-mail Server 1 E-mailSelect whether each category of events should be included in the log messages when it is e-mailed (green check mark) and/or in alerts (red exclamation point) for the e-mail settings specified in E-Mail Server 1. The NWA/WAC does not e-mail debugging information, even if it is recorded in the System log.
Chapter 13 Log and ReportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide169E-mail Server 2 E-mailSelect whether each category of events should be included in log messages when it is e-mailed (green check mark) and/or in alerts (red exclamation point) for the e-mail settings specified in E-Mail Server 2. The NWA/WAC does not e-mail debugging information, even if it is recorded in the System log.Remote Server 1~4 SyslogFor each remote server, select what information you want to log from each Log Category (except All Logs; see below). Choices are:disable all logs (red X) - do not log any information from this categoryenable normal logs (green checkmark) - log regular information and alerts from this categoryenable normal logs and debug logs (yellow check mark) - log regular information, alerts, and debugging information from this categoryOK Click this to save your changes and return to the previous screen.Cancel Click this to return to the previous screen without saving your changes.Table 78 Configuration > Log & Report > Log Setting > Active Log Summary (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide170CHAPTER 14File Manager14.1 OverviewConfiguration files define the NWA/WAC’s settings. Shell scripts are files of commands that you can store on the NWA/WAC and run when you need them. You can apply a configuration file or run a shell script without the NWA/WAC restarting. You can store multiple configuration files and shell script files on the NWA/WAC. You can edit configuration files or shell scripts in a text editor and upload them to the NWA/WAC. Configuration files use a .conf extension and shell scripts use a .zysh extension.14.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter• The Configuration File screen (Section 14.2 on page 171) stores and names configuration files. You can also download and upload configuration files.• The Firmware Package screen (Section 14.3 on page 176) checks your current firmware version and uploads firmware to the NWA/WAC.• The Shell Script screen (Section 14.4 on page 178) stores, names, downloads, uploads and runs shell script files. 14.1.2 What you Need to KnowThe following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.Configuration Files and Shell ScriptsWhen you apply a configuration file, the NWA/WAC uses the factory default settings for any features that the configuration file does not include. When you run a shell script, the NWA/WAC only applies the commands that it contains. Other settings do not change.These files have the same syntax, which is also identical to the way you run CLI commands manually. An example is shown below. Figure 100 Configuration File / Shell Script: Example# enter configuration modeconfigure terminal# change administrator passwordusername admin password 4321 user-type admin#configure default radio profile, change 2GHz channel to 11 & Tx output power # to 50%wlan-radio-profile default2g-channel 11output-power 50%exitwrite
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide171While configuration files and shell scripts have the same syntax, the NWA/WAC applies configuration files differently than it runs shell scripts. This is explained below.You have to run the aforementioned example as a shell script because the first command is run in Privilege mode. If you remove the first command, you have to run the example as a configuration file because the rest of the commands are executed in Configuration mode.Comments in Configuration Files or Shell ScriptsIn a configuration file or shell script, use “#” or “!” as the first character of a command line to have the NWA/WAC treat the line as a comment. Your configuration files or shell scripts can use “exit” or a command line consisting of a single “!” to have the NWA/WAC exit sub command mode.Note: “exit” or “!'” must follow sub commands if it is to make the NWA/WAC exit sub command mode.In the following example lines 1 and 2 are comments. Line 7 exits sub command mode. Errors in Configuration Files or Shell ScriptsWhen you apply a configuration file or run a shell script, the NWA/WAC processes the file line-by-line. The NWA/WAC checks the first line and applies the line if no errors are detected. Then it continues with the next line. If the NWA/WAC finds an error, it stops applying the configuration file or shell script and generates a log. You can change the way a configuration file or shell script is applied. Include setenv stop-on-error off in the configuration file or shell script. The NWA/WAC ignores any errors in the configuration file or shell script and applies all of the valid commands. The NWA/WAC still generates a log for any errors. 14.2 Configuration FileClick Maintenance > File Manager > Configuration File to open this screen. Use the Configuration File screen to store, run, and name configuration files. You can also download configuration files from the NWA/WAC to your computer and upload configuration files from your computer to the NWA/WAC.Table 79 Configuration Files and Shell Scripts in the NWA/WACConfiguration Files (.conf) Shell Scripts (.zysh)• Resets to default configuration.•Goes into CLI Configuration mode.• Runs the commands in the configuration file.•Goes into CLI Privilege mode.• Runs the commands in the shell script.! this is from Joe# on 2010/12/05wlan-ssid-profile defaultssid Joe-APqos wmmsecurity default!
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide172Once your NWA/WAC is configured and functioning properly, it is highly recommended that you back up your configuration file before making further configuration changes. The backup configuration file will be useful in case you need to return to your previous settings. Configuration File Flow at Restart• If there is not a startup-config.conf when you restart the NWA/WAC (whether through a management interface or by physically turning the power off and back on), the NWA/WAC uses the system-default.conf configuration file with the NWA/WAC’s default settings.•If there is a startup-config.conf, the NWA/WAC checks it for errors and applies it. If there are no errors, the NWA/WAC uses it and copies it to the lastgood.conf configuration file as a back up file. If there is an error, the NWA/WAC generates a log and copies the startup-config.conf configuration file to the startup-config-bad.conf configuration file and tries the existing lastgood.conf configuration file. If there isn’t a lastgood.conf configuration file or it also has an error, the NWA/WAC applies the system-default.conf configuration file.• You can change the way the startup-config.conf file is applied. Include the setenv-startup stop-on-error off command. The NWA/WAC ignores any errors in the startup-config.conf file and applies all of the valid commands. The NWA/WAC still generates a log for any errors. Figure 101 Maintenance > File Manager > Configuration File Do not turn off the NWA/WAC while configuration file upload is in progress.
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide173The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 80 Maintenance > File Manager > Configuration FileLABEL DESCRIPTIONRename Use this button to change the label of a configuration file on the NWA/WAC. You can only rename manually saved configuration files. You cannot rename the lastgood.conf, system-default.conf and startup-config.conf files. You cannot rename a configuration file to the name of another configuration file in the NWA/WAC. Click a configuration file’s row to select it and click Rename to open the Rename File screen. Specify the new name for the configuration file. Use up to 25 characters (including a-zA-Z0-9;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=-). Click OK to save the duplicate or click Cancel to close the screen without saving a duplicate of the configuration file.Remove Click a configuration file’s row to select it and click Remove to delete it from the NWA/WAC. You can only delete manually saved configuration files. You cannot delete the system-default.conf, startup-config.conf and lastgood.conf files.A pop-up window asks you to confirm that you want to delete the configuration file. Click OK to delete the configuration file or click Cancel to close the screen without deleting the configuration file.Download Click a configuration file’s row to select it and click Download to save the configuration to your computer.Copy Use this button to save a duplicate of a configuration file on the NWA/WAC. Click a configuration file’s row to select it and click Copy to open the Copy File screen. Specify a name for the duplicate configuration file. Use up to 25 characters (including a-zA-Z0-9;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=-). Click OK to save the duplicate or click Cancel to close the screen without saving a duplicate of the configuration file.
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide174Apply Use this button to have the NWA/WAC use a specific configuration file.Click a configuration file’s row to select it and click Apply to have the NWA/WAC use that configuration file. The NWA/WAC does not have to restart in order to use a different configuration file, although you will need to wait for a few minutes while the system reconfigures.The following screen gives you options for what the NWA/WAC is to do if it encounters an error in the configuration file.Immediately stop applying the configuration file - this is not recommended because it would leave the rest of the configuration blank. If the interfaces were not configured before the first error, the console port may be the only way to access the device. Immediately stop applying the configuration file and roll back to the previous configuration - this gets the NWA/WAC started with a fully valid configuration file as quickly as possible.Ignore errors and finish applying the configuration file - this applies the valid parts of the configuration file and generates error logs for all of the configuration file’s errors. This lets the NWA/WAC apply most of your configuration and you can refer to the logs for what to fix. Ignore errors and finish applying the configuration file and then roll back to the previous configuration - this applies the valid parts of the configuration file, generates error logs for all of the configuration file’s errors, and starts the NWA/WAC with a fully valid configuration file.Click OK to have the NWA/WAC start applying the configuration file or click Cancel to close the screen #This column displays the number for each configuration file entry. This field is a sequential value, and it is not associated with a specific address. The total number of configuration files that you can save depends on the sizes of the configuration files and the available flash storage space.File Name This column displays the label that identifies a configuration file.You cannot delete the following configuration files or change their file names. The system-default.conf file contains the NWA/WAC’s default settings. Select this file and click Apply to reset all of the NWA/WAC settings to the factory defaults. This configuration file is included when you upload a firmware package. The startup-config.conf file is the configuration file that the NWA/WAC is currently using. If you make and save changes during your management session, the changes are applied to this configuration file. The NWA/WAC applies configuration changes made in the Web Configurator to the configuration file when you click Apply or OK. It applies configuration changes made via commands when you use the write command. The lastgood.conf is the most recently used (valid) configuration file that was saved when the device last restarted. If you upload and apply a configuration file with an error, you can apply lastgood.conf to return to a valid configuration.Size This column displays the size (in KB) of a configuration file.Table 80 Maintenance > File Manager > Configuration File (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide17514.2.1 Example of Configuration File Download Using FTPThe following example gets a configuration file named startup-config.conf from the NWA/WAC and saves it on the computer.1Connect your computer to the NWA/WAC. 2The FTP server IP address of the NWA/WAC in standalone AP mode is 192.168.1.2, so set your computer to use a static IP address from 192.168.1.3 ~192.168.1.254.3Use an FTP client on your computer to connect to the NWA/WAC. For example, in the Windows command prompt, type ftp 192.168.1.2. Keep the console session connected in order to see when the firmware recovery finishes. 4Enter your user name when prompted.5Enter your password as requested.6Use “cd” to change to the directory that contains the files you want to download. 7Use “dir” or “ls” if you need to display a list of the files in the directory.8Use "get” to download files. Transfer the configuration file on the NWA/WAC to your computer. Type get followed by the name of the configuration file. This examples uses get startup-config.conf. Last Modified This column displays the date and time that the individual configuration files were last changed or saved.Upload Configuration FileThe bottom part of the screen allows you to upload a new or previously saved configuration file from your computer to your NWA/WACYou cannot upload a configuration file named system-default.conf or lastgood.conf. If you upload startup-config.conf, it will replace the current configuration and immediately apply the new settings.File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse... to find it.Browse... Click Browse... to find the .conf file you want to upload. The configuration file must use a “.conf” filename extension. You will receive an error message if you try to upload a fie of a different format. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them. Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process. This process may take up to two minutes. Table 80 Maintenance > File Manager > Configuration File (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1769Wait for the file transfer to complete.10 Enter “quit” to exit the ftp prompt.14.3 Firmware Package Click Maintenance > File Manager > Firmware Package to open this screen. Use the Firmware Package screen to check your current firmware version and upload firmware to the NWA/WAC.Note: The Web Configurator is the recommended method for uploading firmware. You only need to use the command line interface if you need to recover the firmware. See the CLI Reference Guide for how to determine if you need to recover the firmware and how to recover it.Find the firmware package at www.zyxel.com in a file that (usually) uses a .bin extension. The firmware update can take up to five minutes. Do not turn off or reset the NWA/WAC while the firmware update is in progress!C:\>ftp 192.168.1.2Connected to 192.168.1.2.220---------- Welcome to Pure-FTPd [privsep] [TLS] ----------220-You are user number 1 of 5 allowed.220-Local time is now 21:28. Server port: 21.220-This is a private system - No anonymous login220 You will be disconnected after 600 minutes of inactivity.User (192.168.1.2:(none)): admin331 User admin OK. Password requiredPassword:230 OK. Current restricted directory is /ftp> cd conf250 OK. Current directory is /confftp> ls200 PORT command successful150 Connecting to port 5001lastgood.confstartup-config.confsystem-default.conf226 3 matches totalftp: 57 bytes received in 0.33Seconds 0.17Kbytes/sec.ftp> get startup-config.conf200 PORT command successful150 Connecting to port 5002226-File successfully transferred226 0.002 seconds (measured here), 1.66 Mbytes per secondftp: 2928 bytes received in 0.02Seconds 183.00Kbytes/sec.ftp>
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide177Figure 102 Maintenance > File Manager > Firmware Package The following table describes the labels in this screen. After you see the Firmware Upload in Process screen, wait two minutes before logging into the NWA/WAC again.Note: The NWA/WAC automatically reboots after a successful upload.The NWA/WAC automatically restarts causing a temporary network disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop.Figure 103 Network Temporarily DisconnectedAfter five minutes, log in again and check your new firmware version in the Dashboard screen.14.3.1 Example of Firmware Upload Using FTPThis procedure requires the NWA/WAC’s firmware. Download the firmware package from www.zyxel.com and unzip it. The firmware file uses a .bin extension, for example, "420AAHY1C0.bin". Do the following after you have obtained the firmware file.Table 81 Maintenance > File Manager > Firmware PackageLABEL DESCRIPTIONBoot ModuleThis is the version of the boot module that is currently on the NWA/WAC.Current VersionThis is the firmware version and the date created. Released DateThis is the date that the version of the firmware was created. File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse... to find it.Browse... Click Browse... to find the .bin file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them. Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process. This process may take up to two minutes.
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1781Connect your computer to the NWA/WAC. 2The FTP server IP address of the NWA/WAC in standalone AP mode is 192.168.1.2, so set your computer to use a static IP address from 192.168.1.3 ~192.168.1.254.3Use an FTP client on your computer to connect to the NWA/WAC. For example, in the Windows command prompt, type ftp 192.168.1.2. Keep the console session connected in order to see when the firmware recovery finishes. 4Enter your user name when prompted.5Enter your password as requested.6Enter “hash” for FTP to print a `#' character for every 1024 bytes of data you upload so that you can watch the file transfer progress.7Enter “bin” to set the transfer mode to binary.8Transfer the firmware file from your computer to the NWA/WAC. Type put followed by the path and name of the firmware file. This examples uses put C:\ftproot\NWA/WAC_FW\500ABFH0C0.bin. 9Wait for the file transfer to complete.10 Enter “quit” to exit the ftp prompt.14.4 Shell Script Use shell script files to have the NWA/WAC use commands that you specify. Use a text editor to create the shell script files. They must use a “.zysh” filename extension. Click Maintenance > File Manager > Shell Script to open this screen. Use the Shell Script screen to store, name, download, upload and run shell script files. You can store multiple shell script files on the NWA/WAC at the same time. C:\>ftp 192.168.1.2Connected to 192.168.1.2.220---------- Welcome to Pure-FTPd [privsep] [TLS] ----------220-You are user number 1 of 5 allowed.220-Local time is now 21:28. Server port: 21.220-This is a private system - No anonymous login220 You will be disconnected after 600 minutes of inactivity.User (192.168.1.2:(none)): admin331 User admin OK. Password requiredPassword:230 OK. Current restricted directory is /ftp> hash Hash mark printing On ftp: (2048 bytes/hash mark) .ftp> bin200 TYPE is now 8-bit binaryftp> put C:\ftproot\NWA/WAC_FW\500ABFH0C0.bin
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide179Note: You should include write commands in your scripts. If you do not use the write command, the changes will be lost when the NWA/WAC restarts. You could use multiple write commands in a long script.Figure 104 Maintenance > File Manager > Shell Script Each field is described in the following table. Table 82 Maintenance > File Manager > Shell ScriptLABEL DESCRIPTIONRename Use this button to change the label of a shell script file on the NWA/WAC. You cannot rename a shell script to the name of another shell script in the NWA/WAC. Click a shell script’s row to select it and click Rename to open the Rename File screen. Specify the new name for the shell script file. Use up to 25 characters (including a-zA-Z0-9;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=-). Click OK to save the duplicate or click Cancel to close the screen without saving a duplicate of the configuration file.Remove Click a shell script file’s row to select it and click Delete to delete the shell script file from the NWA/WAC. A pop-up window asks you to confirm that you want to delete the shell script file. Click OK to delete the shell script file or click Cancel to close the screen without deleting the shell script file.Download Click a shell script file’s row to select it and click Download to save the configuration to your computer.Copy Use this button to save a duplicate of a shell script file on the NWA/WAC. Click a shell script file’s row to select it and click Copy to open the Copy File screen. Specify a name for the duplicate file. Use up to 25 characters (including a-zA-Z0-9;‘~!@#$%^&()_+[]{}’,.=-). Click OK to save the duplicate or click Cancel to close the screen without saving a duplicate of the configuration file.Run Use this button to have the NWA/WAC use a specific shell script file.Click a shell script file’s row to select it and click Run to have the NWA/WAC use that shell script file. You may need to wait awhile for the NWA/WAC to finish applying the commands.#This column displays the number for each shell script file entry.File Name This column displays the label that identifies a shell script file.Size This column displays the size (in KB) of a shell script file.
Chapter 14 File ManagerNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide180Last ModifiedThis column displays the date and time that the individual shell script files were last changed or saved.Upload Shell ScriptThe bottom part of the screen allows you to upload a new or previously saved shell script file from your computer to your NWA/WAC.File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse... to find it.Browse... Click Browse... to find the .zysh file you want to upload. Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process. This process may take up to several minutes.Table 82 Maintenance > File Manager > Shell Script (continued)LABEL DESCRIPTION
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide181CHAPTER 15Diagnostics15.1 OverviewUse the diagnostics screen for troubleshooting. 15.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter• The Diagnostics screen (Section 15.2 on page 181) generates a file containing the NWA/WAC’s configuration and diagnostic information if you need to provide it to customer support during troubleshooting.15.2 Diagnostics This screen provides an easy way for you to generate a file containing the NWA/WAC’s configuration and diagnostic information. You may need to generate this file and send it to customer support during troubleshooting.Click Maintenance > Diagnostics to open the Diagnostic screen. Figure 105 Maintenance > Diagnostics
Chapter 15 DiagnosticsNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide182The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 83 Maintenance > DiagnosticsLABEL DESCRIPTIONFilename This is the name of the most recently created diagnostic file.Last modified This is the date and time that the last diagnostic file was created. The format is yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss.Size This is the size of the most recently created diagnostic file.Diagnostic Collect CategoryThis field displays each category of settings. Select which categories you want the NWA/WAC to include in the diagnostic file.Customized Select this option to obtain the diagnostic information for configuration which is not included in a pre-defined category.Script If you select the Customized option, select a shell script file from the drop-down list. You can upload a new shell script file using the Maintenance > File Manager > Shell Script screen.Collect Now Click this to have the NWA/WAC create a new diagnostic file.Download Click this to save the most recent diagnostic file to a computer.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide183CHAPTER 16LEDs16.1 OverviewThe LEDs of your NWA/WAC can be controlled such that they stay lit (ON) or OFF after the NWA/WAC is ready. There are two features that control the LEDs of your NWA/WAC - Locator and Suppression.16.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter• The Suppression screen (Section 16.2 on page 183)) allows you to set how you want the LEDs to behave after the device is ready. • The Locator screen (Section 16.3 on page 184) allows users to see the actual location of the NWA/WAC between several devices in the network.16.2 Suppression Screen The LED Suppression feature allows you to control how the LEDs of your NWA/WAC behave after it’s ready. The deafult LED suppression setting of your AP is different depending on your NWA/WAC model. You can go to the Maintenance > LEDs > Suppression screen to see the default LED behavior and change the LED suppression setting. After you make changes in the suppression screen, it will be stored as the default when the NWA/WAC is restarted. See (Section 1.6 on page 20) for information on default values for different models.Note: When the NWA/WAC is booting or performing firmware upgrade, the LEDs will lit regardless of the setting in LED suppression.To access this screen, click Maintenance > LEDs > Suppression.
Chapter 16 LEDsNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide184Figure 106 Maintenance > LEDs > Suppression The following table describes fields in the above screen. 16.3 Locator Screen The Locator feature identifies the location of your WAC among several devices in the network. You can run this feature and set a timer in this screen.To run the locator feature, enter a number of minutes and click Turn On button to have the WAC find its location. The Locator LED will start to blink for the number of minutes set in the Locator screen. The default setting is 10 minutes. While the locator is running, the turn on button will grey out and return after it’s finished. If you make changes to the time default setting, it will be stored as the defualt when the WAC restarts. Note: The Locator feature is not affected by the Suppression setting.To access this screen, click Maintenance > LEDs > Locator.Table 84 Maintenance > LED > Suppression LABEL DESCRIPTIONSuppression On If the Suppression On check box is checked, the LEDs of your NWA/WAC will turn off after it’s ready. If the check box is unchecked, the LEDs will stay lit after the NWA/WAC is ready.Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NWA/WAC.Reset Click Reset to return the screen to its last-saved settings.
Chapter 16 LEDsNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide185Figure 107 Maintenance > LEDs > LocatorThe following table describes fields in the above screen. Table 85 Maintenance > LED > LocatorLABEL DESCRIPTIONTurn OnTurn OffClick Turn On button to activate the locator. The Locator function will show the actual location of the WAC between several devices in the network.Otherwise, click Turn Off to disable the locator feature.Automatically Extinguish AfterEnter a time interval between 1 and 60 minutes to stop the locator LED from blinking. Default is 10 minutes.Apply Click Apply to save changes in this screen.Refresh Click Refresh to update the information in this screen.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide186CHAPTER 17Antenna Switch17.1 OverviewUse this screen to adjust coverage depending on the orientation of the antenna.17.1.1 What You Need To KnowPositioning the antennas properly increases the range and coverage area of a wireless LAN.On the NWA/WAC that comes with internal antennas and also has an antenna switch, you can adjust coverage depending on the orientation of the antenna for the NWA/WAC radios using the web configurator, the command line interface (CLI) or a physical switch. Check Table 1 on page 11 and Table 2 on page 12 to see if your NWA/WAC has an antenna switch.Figure 108 WAC6103D-I Physical Antenna Switch Note: With the physical antenna switch, you apply the same antenna orientation settings to both radios. You can set the radios to have different settings while using the web configurator or the command line interface.Note: The antenna switch in the web configurator has priority over the physical antenna switch after you Enable Software Control in the Maintenance > Antenna screen. By default, software control is disabled.17.2 Antenna Switch ScreenTo access this screen, click Maintenance > Antenna.
Chapter 17 Antenna SwitchNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide187Figure 109 Maintenance > Antenna > Antenna Switch Select the Enable Software Control option to use the Web configurator to adjust coverage depending on each radio’s antenna orientation for better coverage. Select Wall if you mount the NWA/WAC to a wall. Select Ceiling if the the NWA/WAC is mounted on a ceiling. You can switch from Wall to Ceiling if there are still wireless dead zones, and vice versa.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide188CHAPTER 18Reboot18.1 OverviewUse this screen to restart the device.18.1.1 What You Need To KnowIf you applied changes in the Web configurator, these were saved automatically and do not change when you reboot. If you made changes in the CLI, however, you have to use the write command to save the configuration before you reboot. Otherwise, the changes are lost when you reboot.Reboot is different to reset; reset returns the device to its default configuration.18.2 RebootThis screen allows remote users can restart the device. To access this screen, click Maintenance > Reboot.Figure 110 Maintenance > RebootClick the Reboot button to restart the NWA/WAC. Wait a few minutes until the login screen appears. If the login screen does not appear, type the IP address of the device in your Web browser.You can also use the CLI command reboot to restart the NWA/WAC.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide189CHAPTER 19Shutdown19.1 OverviewUse this screen to shut down the device.Always use Maintenance > Shutdown > Shutdown or the shutdown command before you turn off the NWA/WAC or remove the power. Not doing so can cause the firmware to become corrupt. 19.1.1 What You Need To KnowShutdown writes all cached data to the local storage and stops the system processes. Shutdown is different to reset; reset returns the device to its default configuration.19.2 ShutdownTo access this screen, click Maintenance > Shutdown.Figure 111 Maintenance > ShutdownClick the Shutdown button to shut down the NWA/WAC. Wait for the device to shut down before you manually turn off or remove the power. It does not turn off the power. You can also use the CLI command shutdown to shut down the NWA/WAC.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide190CHAPTER 20Troubleshooting20.1 OverviewThis chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The potential problems are divided into the following categories.•Power, Hardware Connections, and LED•NWA/WAC Access and Login•Internet Access•Wireless Connections•Resetting the NWA/WAC20.2 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDThe NWA/WAC does not turn on. The LED is not on.1Make sure you are using the power adaptor included with the NWA/WAC or a PoE power injector/switch.2Make sure the power adaptor or PoE power injector/switch is connected to the NWA/WAC and plugged in to an appropriate power source. Make sure the power source is turned on.3Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or PoE power injector/switch.4Inspect your cables for damage. Contact the vendor to replace any damaged cables.5If none of these steps work, you may have faulty hardware and should contact your NWA/WAC vendor. The LED does not behave as expected.1Make sure you understand the normal behavior of the LED. See Section 1.6 on page 20.2Check the hardware connections. See the Quick Start Guide.3Inspect your cables for damage. Contact the vendor to replace any damaged cables.
Chapter 20 TroubleshootingNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1914Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or PoE power injector to the NWA/WAC. 5If the problem continues, contact the vendor.20.3 NWA/WAC Access and LoginI forgot the IP address for the NWA/WAC.1The default IP address (in standalone AP mode) is 192.168.1.2.2If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 20.6 on page 197.3If your NWA/WAC is a DHCP client, you can find your IP address from the DHCP server. This information is only available from the DHCP server which allocates IP addresses on your network. Find this information directly from the DHCP server or contact your system administrator for more information.I cannot see or access the Login screen in the web configurator.1Make sure you are using the correct IP address.• The default IP address (in standalone AP mode) is 192.168.1.2.• If you changed the IP address, use the new IP address.• If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, see the troubleshooting suggestions for I forgot the IP address for the NWA/WAC.2Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LED is behaving as expected. See the Quick Start Guide and Section 1.6 on page 20.3Make sure your Internet browser does not block pop-up windows and has JavaScripts and Java enabled.4Make sure your computer is in the same subnet as the NWA/WAC. (If you know that there are routers between your computer and the NWA/WAC, skip this step.) • If there is a DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer is using a dynamic IP address.• If there is no DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer’s IP address is in the same subnet as the NWA/WAC.5Reset the device to its factory defaults, and try to access the NWA/WAC with the default IP address. See Section 20.6 on page 197. 6If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced suggestions.Advanced Suggestions
Chapter 20 TroubleshootingNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide192• Try to access the NWA/WAC using another service, such as Telnet. If you can access the NWA/WAC, check the remote management settings to find out why the NWA/WAC does not respond to HTTP. • If your computer is connected wirelessly, use a computer that is connected to a LAN/ETHERNET port.I forgot the password.1The default password is 1234.2If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 20.6 on page 197.I can see the Login screen, but I cannot log in to the NWA/WAC.1Make sure you have entered the user name and password correctly. The default password is 1234. This fields are case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.2You cannot log in to the web configurator while someone is using Telnet to access the NWA/WAC. Log out of the NWA/WAC in the other session, or ask the person who is logged in to log out.3Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or PoE power injector to the NWA/WAC. 4If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 20.6 on page 197.I cannot use FTP to upload / download the configuration file. / I cannot use FTP to upload new firmware. See the troubleshooting suggestions for I cannot see or access the Login screen in the web configurator. Ignore the suggestions about your browser.20.4 Internet AccessI cannot access the Internet.1Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LED is behaving as expected. See the Quick Start Guide and Section 20.2 on page 190.2Make sure the NWA/WAC is connected to a broadband modem or router with Internet access and your computer is set to obtain an dynamic IP address.
Chapter 20 TroubleshootingNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1933If you are trying to access the Internet wirelessly, make sure the wireless settings on the wireless client are the same as the settings on the NWA/WAC.4Disconnect all the cables from your device, and follow the directions in the Quick Start Guide again.5If the problem continues, contact your ISP. I cannot access the Internet anymore. I had access to the Internet (with the NWA/WAC), but my Internet connection is not available anymore.1Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LED is behaving as expected. See the Quick Start Guide and Section 1.6 on page 20. 2Reboot the NWA/WAC. 3If the problem continues, contact your ISP. The Internet connection is slow or intermittent.1There might be a lot of traffic on the network. Look at the LED, and check Section 1.6 on page 20. If the NWA/WAC is sending or receiving a lot of information, try closing some programs that use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications. 2Check the signal strength. If the signal is weak, try moving the NWA/WAC closer to the NWA/WAC (if possible), and look around to see if there are any devices that might be interfering with the wireless network (microwaves, other wireless networks, and so on).3Reboot the NWA/WAC. 4If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced suggestions.Advanced SuggestionsCheck the settings for QoS. If it is disabled, you might consider activating it. If it is enabled, you might consider raising or lowering the priority for some applications.20.5 Wireless ConnectionsI cannot access the NWA/WAC or ping any computer from the WLAN.1Make sure the wireless LAN (wireless radio) is enabled on the NWA/WAC.
Chapter 20 TroubleshootingNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1942Make sure the radio or at least one of the NWA/WAC’s radios is operating in AP mode.3Make sure the wireless adapter (installed on your computer) is working properly.4Make sure the wireless adapter (installed on your computer) is IEEE 802.11 compatible and supports the same wireless standard as the NWA/WAC’s active radio.5Make sure your computer (with a wireless adapter installed) is within the transmission range of the NWA/WAC.6Check that both the NWA/WAC and your computer are using the same wireless and wireless security settings.Hackers have accessed my WEP-encrypted wireless LAN.WEP is extremely insecure. Its encryption can be broken by an attacker, using widely-available software. It is strongly recommended that you use a more effective security mechanism. Use the strongest security mechanism that all the wireless devices in your network support. WPA2 or WPA2-PSK is recommended.The wireless security is not following the re-authentication timer setting I specified.If a RADIUS server authenticates wireless stations, the re-authentication timer on the RADIUS server has priority. Change the RADIUS server’s configuration if you need to use a different re-authentication timer setting.I cannot get a certificate to import into the NWA/WAC.1For My Certificates, you can import a certificate that matches a corresponding certification request that was generated by the NWA/WAC. You can also import a certificate in PKCS#12 format, including the certificate’s public and private keys.2You must remove any spaces from the certificate’s filename before you can import the certificate.3Any certificate that you want to import has to be in one of these file formats:• Binary X.509: This is an ITU-T recommendation that defines the formats for X.509 certificates.• PEM (Base-64) encoded X.509: This Privacy Enhanced Mail format uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary X.509 certificate into a printable form.• Binary PKCS#7: This is a standard that defines the general syntax for data (including digital signatures) that may be encrypted. A PKCS #7 file is used to transfer a public key certificate. The private key is not included. The NWA/WAC currently allows the importation of a PKS#7 file that contains a single certificate. • PEM (Base-64) encoded PKCS#7: This Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM) format uses lowercase letters, uppercase letters and numerals to convert a binary PKCS#7 certificate into a printable form.
Chapter 20 TroubleshootingNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide195• Binary PKCS#12: This is a format for transferring public key and private key certificates.The private key in a PKCS #12 file is within a password-encrypted envelope. The file’s password is not connected to your certificate’s public or private passwords. Exporting a PKCS #12 file creates this and you must provide it to decrypt the contents when you import the file into the NWA/WAC. Note: Be careful not to convert a binary file to text during the transfer process. It is easy for this to occur since many programs use text files by default. I can only see newer logs. Older logs are missing. When a log reaches the maximum number of log messages, new log messages automatically overwrite existing log messages, starting with the oldest existing log message first.The commands in my configuration file or shell script are not working properly.• In a configuration file or shell script, use “#” or “!” as the first character of a command line to have the NWA/WAC treat the line as a comment. • Your configuration files or shell scripts can use “exit” or a command line consisting of a single “!” to have the NWA/WAC exit sub command mode.•Include write commands in your scripts. Otherwise the changes will be lost when the NWA/WAC restarts. You could use multiple write commands in a long script.Note: “exit” or “!'” must follow sub commands if it is to make the NWA/WAC exit sub command mode.I cannot get the firmware uploaded using the commands.The Web Configurator is the recommended method for uploading firmware. You only need to use the command line interface if you need to recover the firmware. See the CLI Reference Guide for how to determine if you need to recover the firmware and how to recover it.Wireless clients are not being load balanced among my APs.• Make sure that all the APs used by the wireless clients in question share the same SSID, security, and radio settings.• Make sure that all the APs are in the same broadcast domain.• Make sure that the wireless clients are in range of the other APs; if they are only in range of a single AP, then load balancing may not be as effective.
Chapter 20 TroubleshootingNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide196In the Monitor > Wireless > AP Information > Radio List screen, there is no load balancing indicator associated with any APs assigned to the load balancing task.• Check to be sure that the AP profile which contains the load balancing settings is correctly assigned to the APs in question.• The load balancing task may have been terminated because further load balancing on the APs in question is no longer required.How do I remove the WAC6500 series indoor AP from its mounting bracket? • Find the down arrow close to the Ethernet ports, then use a thin flat tool (for example, a flat screw driver) to lift up a clip beneath the down arrow. • Turn the WAC6500 series indoor AP counter-clockwise.
Chapter 20 TroubleshootingNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide197• Detach the WAC6500 series indoor AP from the mounting bracket.20.6 Resetting the NWA/WACIf you cannot access the NWA/WAC by any method, try restarting it by turning the power off and then on again. If you still cannot access the NWA/WAC by any method or you forget the administrator password(s), you can reset the NWA/WAC to its factory-default settings. Any configuration files or shell scripts that you saved on the NWA/WAC should still be available afterwards.Use the following procedure to reset the NWA/WAC to its factory-default settings. This overwrites the settings in the startup-config.conf file with the settings in the system-default.conf file. Note: This procedure removes the current configuration. 1Make sure the Power LED is on and not blinking.2Press the RESET button and hold it until the Power LED begins to blink. (This usually takes about ten seconds.)3Release the RESET button, and wait for the NWA/WAC to restart.You should be able to access the NWA/WAC using the default settings.20.7 Getting More Troubleshooting HelpSearch for support information for your model at www.zyxel.com for more troubleshooting suggestions.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide198APPENDIX AImporting CertificatesThis appendix shows you how to import public key certificates into your web browser. Public key certificates are used by web browsers to ensure that a secure web site is legitimate. When a certificate authority such as VeriSign, Comodo, or Network Solutions, to name a few, receives a certificate request from a website operator, they confirm that the web domain and contact information in the request match those on public record with a domain name registrar. If they match, then the certificate is issued to the website operator, who then places it on the site to be issued to all visiting web browsers to let them know that the site is legitimate.Many Zyxel products, such as the NWA/WAC, issue their own public key certificates. These can be used by web browsers on a LAN or WAN to verify that they are in fact connecting to the legitimate device and not one masquerading as it. However, because the certificates were not issued by one of the several organizations officially recognized by the most common web browsers, you will need to import the Zyxel-created certificate into your web browser and flag that certificate as a trusted authority.Note: You can see if you are browsing on a secure website if the URL in your web browser’s address bar begins with https:// or there is a sealed padlock icon ( ) somewhere in the main browser window (not all browsers show the padlock in the same location).Internet ExplorerThe following example uses Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 on Windows XP Professional; however, they can also apply to Internet Explorer on Windows Vista.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide1991If your device’s Web Configurator is set to use SSL certification, then the first time you browse to it you are presented with a certification error.2Click Continue to this website (not recommended).3In the Address Bar, click Certificate Error > View certificates.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2004In the Certificate dialog box, click Install Certificate.5In the Certificate Import Wizard, click Next.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2016If you want Internet Explorer to Automatically select certificate store based on the type of certificate, click Next again and then go to step 9.7Otherwise, select Place all certificates in the following store and then click Browse.8In the Select Certificate Store dialog box, choose a location in which to save the certificate and then click OK.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2029In the Completing the Certificate Import Wizard screen, click Finish.10 If you are presented with another Security Warning, click Yes.11 Finally, click OK when presented with the successful certificate installation message.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide20312 The next time you start Internet Explorer and go to a Zyxel Web Configurator page, a sealed padlock icon appears in the address bar. Click it to view the page’s Website Identification information.Installing a Stand-Alone Certificate File in Internet ExplorerRather than browsing to a Zyxel Web Configurator and installing a public key certificate when prompted, you can install a stand-alone certificate file if one has been issued to you.1Double-click the public key certificate file.2In the security warning dialog box, click Open.3Refer to steps 4-12 in the Internet Explorer procedure beginning on page 198 to complete the installation process.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide204Removing a Certificate in Internet ExplorerThis section shows you how to remove a public key certificate in Internet Explorer 7 on Windows XP.1Open Internet Explorer and click Tools > Internet Options.2In the Internet Options dialog box, click Content > Certificates.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2053In the Certificates dialog box, click the Trusted Root Certificates Authorities tab, select the certificate that you want to delete, and then click Remove.4In the Certificates confirmation, click Yes.5In the Root Certificate Store dialog box, click Yes.6The next time you go to the web site that issued the public key certificate you just removed, a certification error appears.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide206FirefoxThe following example uses Mozilla Firefox 2 on Windows XP Professional; however, the screens can also apply to Firefox 2 on all platforms.1If your device’s Web Configurator is set to use SSL certification, then the first time you browse to it you are presented with a certification error.2Select Accept this certificate permanently and click OK.3The certificate is stored and you can now connect securely to the Web Configurator. A sealed padlock appears in the address bar, which you can click to open the Page Info > Security window to view the web page’s security information.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide207Installing a Stand-Alone Certificate File in FirefoxRather than browsing to a Zyxel Web Configurator and installing a public key certificate when prompted, you can install a stand-alone certificate file if one has been issued to you.1Open Firefox and click Tools > Options.2In the Options dialog box, click Advanced > Encryption > View Certificates.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2083In the Certificate Manager dialog box, click Web Sites > Import.4Use the Select File dialog box to locate the certificate and then click Open.5The next time you visit the web site, click the padlock in the address bar to open the Page Info > Security window to see the web page’s security information.Removing a Certificate in FirefoxThis section shows you how to remove a public key certificate in Firefox 2.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2091Open Firefox and click Tools > Options.2In the Options dialog box, click Advanced > Encryption > View Certificates.
Appendix A Importing CertificatesNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2103In the Certificate Manager dialog box, select the Web Sites tab, select the certificate that you want to remove, and then click Delete.4In the Delete Web Site Certificates dialog box, click OK.5The next time you go to the web site that issued the public key certificate you just removed, a certification error appears.
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide211APPENDIX BIPv6OverviewIPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6), is designed to enhance IP address size and features. The increase in IPv6 address size to 128 bits (from the 32-bit IPv4 address) allows up to 3.4 x 1038 IP addresses. IPv6 AddressingThe 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This is an example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000. IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can be written as 2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0. • Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double colon can only appear once in an IPv6 address. So 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be written as 2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015, 2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.Prefix and Prefix LengthSimilar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address compose the network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For example, 2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32means that the first 32 bits (2001:db8) is the subnet prefix. Link-local AddressA link-local address uniquely identifies a device on the local network (the LAN). It is similar to a “private IP address” in IPv4. You can have the same link-local address on multiple interfaces on a device. A link-local unicast address has a predefined prefix of fe80::/10. The link-local unicast address format is as follows.Table 86 Link-local Unicast Address FormatGlobal AddressA global address uniquely identifies a device on the Internet. It is similar to a “public IP address” in IPv4. A global unicast address starts with a 2 or 3. 1111 1110 10 0 Interface ID10 bits 54 bits 64 bits
Appendix B IPv6NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide212Unspecified AddressAn unspecified address (0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 or ::) is used as the source address when a device does not have its own address. It is similar to “0.0.0.0” in IPv4.Loopback AddressA loopback address (0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 or ::1) allows a host to send packets to itself. It is similar to “127.0.0.1” in IPv4.Multicast AddressIn IPv6, multicast addresses provide the same functionality as IPv4 broadcast addresses. Broadcasting is not supported in IPv6. A multicast address allows a host to send packets to all hosts in a multicast group. Multicast scope allows you to determine the size of the multicast group. A multicast address has a predefined prefix of ff00::/8. The following table describes some of the predefined multicast addresses. The following table describes the multicast addresses which are reserved and can not be assigned to a multicast group. Table 87 Predefined Multicast AddressMULTICAST ADDRESS DESCRIPTIONFF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 All hosts on a local node. FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 All routers on a local node.FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 All hosts on a local connected link.FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 All routers on a local connected link.FF05:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 All routers on a local site. FF05:0:0:0:0:0:1:3 All DHCP severs on a local site. Table 88 Reserved Multicast AddressMULTICAST ADDRESSFF00:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF01:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF03:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF04:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF05:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF06:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF07:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF08:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF09:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF0A:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF0B:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF0C:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF0D:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF0E:0:0:0:0:0:0:0FF0F:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
Appendix B IPv6NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide213Subnet MaskingBoth an IPv6 address and IPv6 subnet mask compose of 128-bit binary digits, which are divided into eight 16-bit blocks and written in hexadecimal notation. Hexadecimal uses four bits for each character (1 ~ 10, A ~ F). Each block’s 16 bits are then represented by four hexadecimal characters. For example, FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FC00:0000:0000:0000.Interface IDIn IPv6, an interface ID is a 64-bit identifier. It identifies a physical interface (for example, an Ethernet port) or a virtual interface (for example, the management IP address for a VLAN). One interface should have a unique interface ID.EUI-64The EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) defined by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is an interface ID format designed to adapt with IPv6. It is derived from the 48-bit (6-byte) Ethernet MAC address as shown next. EUI-64 inserts the hex digits fffe between the third and fourth bytes of the MAC address and complements the seventh bit of the first byte of the MAC address. See the following example. Stateless AutoconfigurationWith stateless autoconfiguration in IPv6, addresses can be uniquely and automatically generated. Unlike DHCPv6 (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol version six) which is used in IPv6 stateful autoconfiguration, the owner and status of addresses don’t need to be maintained by a DHCP server. Every IPv6 device is able to generate its own and unique IP address automatically when IPv6 is initiated on its interface. It combines the prefix and the interface ID (generated from its own Ethernet MAC address, see Interface ID and EUI-64) to form a complete IPv6 address.When IPv6 is enabled on a device, its interface automatically generates a link-local address (beginning with fe80).When the interface is connected to a network with a router and the NWA/WAC is set to automatically obtain an IPv6 network prefix from the router for the interface, it generates 1another address which combines its interface ID and global and subnet information advertised from the router. This is a routable global IP address.DHCPv6The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6, RFC 3315) is a server-client protocol that allows a DHCP server to assign and pass IPv6 network addresses, prefixes and other configuration information to DHCP clients. DHCPv6 servers and clients exchange DHCP messages using UDP.Table 89 MAC 00 : 13 : 49 : 12 : 34 : 56Table 90 EUI-64 02: 13 : 49 : FF : FE : 12 : 34 : 561. In IPv6, all network interfaces can be associated with several addresses.
Appendix B IPv6NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide214Each DHCP client and server has a unique DHCP Unique IDentifier (DUID), which is used for identification when they are exchanging DHCPv6 messages. The DUID is generated from the MAC address, time, vendor assigned ID and/or the vendor's private enterprise number registered with the IANA. It should not change over time even after you reboot the device.Identity AssociationAn Identity Association (IA) is a collection of addresses assigned to a DHCP client, through which the server and client can manage a set of related IP addresses. Each IA must be associated with exactly one interface. The DHCP client uses the IA assigned to an interface to obtain configuration from a DHCP server for that interface. Each IA consists of a unique IAID and associated IP information.The IA type is the type of address in the IA. Each IA holds one type of address. IA_NA means an identity association for non-temporary addresses and IA_TA is an identity association for temporary addresses. An IA_NA option contains the T1 and T2 fields, but an IA_TA option does not. The DHCPv6 server uses T1 and T2 to control the time at which the client contacts with the server to extend the lifetimes on any addresses in the IA_NA before the lifetimes expire. After T1, the client sends the server (S1) (from which the addresses in the IA_NA were obtained) a Renew message. If the time T2 is reached and the server does not respond, the client sends a Rebind message to any available server (S2). For an IA_TA, the client may send a Renew or Rebind message at the client's discretion. DHCP Relay AgentA DHCP relay agent is on the same network as the DHCP clients and helps forward messages between the DHCP server and clients. When a client cannot use its link-local address and a well-known multicast address to locate a DHCP server on its network, it then needs a DHCP relay agent to send a message to a DHCP server that is not attached to the same network.The DHCP relay agent can add the remote identification (remote-ID) option and the interface-ID option to the Relay-Forward DHCPv6 messages. The remote-ID option carries a user-defined string, such as the system name. The interface-ID option provides slot number, port information and the VLAN ID to the DHCPv6 server. The remote-ID option (if any) is stripped from the Relay-Reply messages before the relay agent sends the packets to the clients. The DHCP server copies the interface-ID option from the Relay-Forward message into the Relay-Reply message and sends it to the relay agent. The interface-ID should not change even after the relay agent restarts.Prefix DelegationPrefix delegation enables an IPv6 router to use the IPv6 prefix (network address) received from the ISP (or a connected uplink router) for its LAN. The NWA/WAC uses the received IPv6 prefix (for example, 2001:db2::/48) to generate its LAN IP address. Through sending Router Advertisements (RAs) regularly by multicast, the NWA/WAC passes the IPv6 prefix information to its LAN hosts. The hosts then can use the prefix to generate their IPv6 addresses.T1T2Renew RebindRebindto S1Renewto S1Renewto S1Renewto S1Renewto S1Renewto S1to S2to S2
Appendix B IPv6NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide215ICMPv6Internet Control Message Protocol for IPv6 (ICMPv6 or ICMP for IPv6) is defined in RFC 4443. ICMPv6 has a preceding Next Header value of 58, which is different from the value used to identify ICMP for IPv4. ICMPv6 is an integral part of IPv6. IPv6 nodes use ICMPv6 to report errors encountered in packet processing and perform other diagnostic functions, such as "ping".Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)The Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) is a protocol used to discover other IPv6 devices and track neighbor’s reachability in a network. An IPv6 device uses the following ICMPv6 messages types: • Neighbor solicitation: A request from a host to determine a neighbor’s link-layer address (MAC address) and detect if the neighbor is still reachable. A neighbor being “reachable” means it responds to a neighbor solicitation message (from the host) with a neighbor advertisement message. • Neighbor advertisement: A response from a node to announce its link-layer address.• Router solicitation: A request from a host to locate a router that can act as the default router and forward packets.• Router advertisement: A response to a router solicitation or a periodical multicast advertisement from a router to advertise its presence and other parameters.IPv6 CacheAn IPv6 host is required to have a neighbor cache, destination cache, prefix list and default router list. The NWA/WAC maintains and updates its IPv6 caches constantly using the information from response messages. In IPv6, the NWA/WAC configures a link-local address automatically, and then sends a neighbor solicitation message to check if the address is unique. If there is an address to be resolved or verified, the NWA/WAC also sends out a neighbor solicitation message. When the NWA/WAC receives a neighbor advertisement in response, it stores the neighbor’s link-layer address in the neighbor cache. When the NWA/WAC uses a router solicitation message to query for a router and receives a router advertisement message, it adds the router’s information to the neighbor cache, prefix list and destination cache. The NWA/WAC creates an entry in the default router list cache if the router can be used as a default router.When the NWA/WAC needs to send a packet, it first consults the destination cache to determine the next hop. If there is no matching entry in the destination cache, the NWA/WAC uses the prefix list to determine whether the destination address is on-link and can be reached directly without passing through a router. If the address is onlink, the address is considered as the next hop. Otherwise, the NWA/WAC determines the next-hop from the default router list or routing table. Once the next hop IP address is known, the NWA/WAC looks into the neighbor cache to get the link-layer address and sends the packet when the neighbor is reachable. If the NWA/WAC cannot find an entry in the neighbor cache or the state for the neighbor is not reachable, it starts the address resolution process. This helps reduce the number of IPv6 solicitation and advertisement messages.Multicast Listener DiscoveryThe Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol (defined in RFC 2710) is derived from IPv4's Internet Group Management Protocol version 2 (IGMPv2). MLD uses ICMPv6 message types, rather than IGMP message types. MLDv1 is equivalent to IGMPv2 and MLDv2 is equivalent to IGMPv3.
Appendix B IPv6NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide216MLD allows an IPv6 switch or router to discover the presence of MLD listeners who wish to receive multicast packets and the IP addresses of multicast groups the hosts want to join on its network. MLD snooping and MLD proxy are analogous to IGMP snooping and IGMP proxy in IPv4. MLD filtering controls which multicast groups a port can join.MLD MessagesA multicast router or switch periodically sends general queries to MLD hosts to update the multicast forwarding table. When an MLD host wants to join a multicast group, it sends an MLD Report message for that address.An MLD Done message is equivalent to an IGMP Leave message. When an MLD host wants to leave a multicast group, it can send a Done message to the router or switch. The router or switch then sends a group-specific query to the port on which the Done message is received to determine if other devices connected to this port should remain in the group.Example - Enabling IPv6 on Windows XP/2003/VistaBy default, Windows XP and Windows 2003 support IPv6. This example shows you how to use the ipv6 install command on Windows XP/2003 to enable IPv6. This also displays how to use the ipconfig command to see auto-generated IP addresses.IPv6 is installed and enabled by default in Windows Vista. Use the ipconfig command to check your automatic configured IPv6 address as well. You should see at least one IPv6 address available for the interface on your computer.Example - Enabling DHCPv6 on Windows XPWindows XP does not support DHCPv6. If your network uses DHCPv6 for IP address assignment, you have to additionally install a DHCPv6 client software on your Windows XP. (Note: If you use static IP addresses or Router Advertisement for IPv6 address assignment in your network, ignore this section.)This example uses Dibbler as the DHCPv6 client. To enable DHCPv6 client on your computer:C:\>ipv6 installInstalling...Succeeded.C:\>ipconfigWindows IP ConfigurationEthernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.1.1.46 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : fe80::2d0:59ff:feb8:103c%4 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 10.1.1.254
Appendix B IPv6NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2171Install Dibbler and select the DHCPv6 client option on your computer.2After the installation is complete, select Start > All Programs > Dibbler-DHCPv6 > Client Install as service.3Select Start > Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Services.4Double click Dibbler - a DHCPv6 client.5Click Start and then OK.6Now your computer can obtain an IPv6 address from a DHCPv6 server.Example - Enabling IPv6 on Windows 7Windows 7 supports IPv6 by default. DHCPv6 is also enabled when you enable IPv6 on a Windows 7 computer.To enable IPv6 in Windows 7:
Appendix B IPv6NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2181Select Control Panel > Network and Sharing Center > Local Area Connection.2Select the Internet Protocol Version 6 (TCP/IPv6) checkbox to enable it.3Click OK to save the change.4Click Close to exit the Local Area Connection Status screen.5Select Start > All Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt.6Use the ipconfig command to check your dynamic IPv6 address. This example shows a global address (2001:b021:2d::1000) obtained from a DHCP server.C:\>ipconfigWindows IP ConfigurationEthernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : IPv6 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 2001:b021:2d::1000 Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::25d8:dcab:c80a:5189%11 IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.100.61 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : fe80::213:49ff:feaa:7125%11 172.16.100.254
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide219APPENDIX CCustomer SupportIn the event of problems that cannot be solved by using this manual, you should contact your vendor. If you cannot contact your vendor, then contact a Zyxel office for the region in which you bought the device. See http://www.zyxel.com/homepage.shtml and also http://www.zyxel.com/about_zyxel/zyxel_worldwide.shtml for the latest information.Please have the following information ready when you contact an office.Required Information• Product model and serial number.• Warranty Information.• Date that you received your device.• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.Corporate Headquarters (Worldwide)Taiwan• Zyxel Communications Corporation• http://www.zyxel.comAsiaChina• Zyxel Communications (Shanghai) Corp.Zyxel Communications (Beijing) Corp.Zyxel Communications (Tianjin) Corp.• http://www.zyxel.cnIndia•Zyxel Technology India Pvt Ltd• http://www.zyxel.inKazakhstan•Zyxel Kazakhstan• http://www.zyxel.kz
Appendix C Customer SupportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide220Korea• Zyxel Korea Corp.• http://www.zyxel.krMalaysia• Zyxel Malaysia Sdn Bhd.• http://www.zyxel.com.myPakistan• Zyxel Pakistan (Pvt.) Ltd.• http://www.zyxel.com.pkPhilippines• Zyxel Philippines• http://www.zyxel.com.phSingapore• Zyxel Singapore Pte Ltd.• http://www.zyxel.com.sgTaiwan• Zyxel Communications Corporation• http://www.zyxel.com/tw/zh/Thailand• Zyxel Thailand Co., Ltd • http://www.zyxel.co.thVietnam• Zyxel Communications Corporation-Vietnam Office• http://www.zyxel.com/vn/viEuropeAustria•Zyxel Deutschland GmbH • http://www.zyxel.deBelarus•Zyxel BY • http://www.zyxel.by
Appendix C Customer SupportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide221Belgium• Zyxel Communications B.V. • http://www.zyxel.com/be/nl/• http://www.zyxel.com/be/fr/ Bulgaria•Zyxel България• http://www.zyxel.com/bg/bg/ Czech Republic• Zyxel Communications Czech s.r.o • http://www.zyxel.czDenmark• Zyxel Communications A/S• http://www.zyxel.dkEstonia• Zyxel Estonia• http://www.zyxel.com/ee/et/Finland• Zyxel Communications• http://www.zyxel.fiFrance•Zyxel France• http://www.zyxel.frGermany•Zyxel Deutschland GmbH • http://www.zyxel.deHungary• Zyxel Hungary & SEE • http://www.zyxel.huItaly• Zyxel Communications Italy • http://www.zyxel.it/
Appendix C Customer SupportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide222Latvia•Zyxel Latvia• http://www.zyxel.com/lv/lv/homepage.shtmlLithuania•Zyxel Lithuania• http://www.zyxel.com/lt/lt/homepage.shtmlNetherlands• Zyxel Benelux• http://www.zyxel.nlNorway• Zyxel Communications• http://www.zyxel.noPoland• Zyxel Communications Poland• http://www.zyxel.plRomania• Zyxel Romania• http://www.zyxel.com/ro/roRussia• Zyxel Russia • http://www.zyxel.ruSlovakia• Zyxel Communications Czech s.r.o. organizacna zlozka• http://www.zyxel.skSpain• Zyxel Communications ES Ltd• http://www.zyxel.esSweden• Zyxel Communications • http://www.zyxel.seSwitzerland•Studerus AG
Appendix C Customer SupportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide223• http://www.zyxel.ch/Turkey• Zyxel Turkey A.S.• http://www.zyxel.com.trUK• Zyxel Communications UK Ltd.• http://www.zyxel.co.ukUkraine•Zyxel Ukraine• http://www.ua.zyxel.comLatin AmericaArgentina• Zyxel Communication Corporation• http://www.zyxel.com/ec/es/Brazil• Zyxel Communications Brasil Ltda.• https://www.zyxel.com/br/pt/Ecuador• Zyxel Communication Corporation• http://www.zyxel.com/ec/es/Middle EastIsrael• Zyxel Communication Corporation• http://il.zyxel.com/homepage.shtmlMiddle East• Zyxel Communication Corporation• http://www.zyxel.com/me/en/
Appendix C Customer SupportNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide224North AmericaUSA• Zyxel Communications, Inc. - North America Headquarters• http://www.zyxel.com/us/en/OceaniaAustralia• Zyxel Communications Corporation• http://www.zyxel.com/au/en/AfricaSouth Africa• Nology (Pty) Ltd.• http://www.zyxel.co.za
NWA / WAC Series User’s Guide225APPENDIX DLegal InformationCopyrightCopyright © 2016 by Zyxel Communications Corporation.The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Zyxel Communications Corporation.Published by Zyxel Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.DisclaimersZyxel does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others. Zyxel further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.Your use of the NWA/WAC is subject to the terms and conditions of any related service providers. TrademarksTrademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.Regulatory Notice and StatementUNITED STATES of AMERICAThe following information applies if you use the product within USA area.FCC EMC Statement • This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.• Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the device.• This product has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This device generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. • If this device does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna • Increase the separation between the devices • Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver’s • Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistanceFCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.FCC Radiation Exposure Statement• This device complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. • This transmitter must be at least 20 cm (NWA5123-AC, WAC6553D-E) from the user and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.• Country Code selection feature to be disabled for products marketed to the US/CANADA• Operation of this device is restricted to indoor use only. (WAC6553D-E is a device for outdoor use.)
Appendix D Legal InformationNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide226CANADAThe following information applies if you use the product within Canada area.Industry Canada ICES statementCAN ICES-3 (B)/NMB-3(B)Industry Canada RSS-GEN & RSS-247 statement• This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.• This radio transmitter (2468C-NWA5123AC (NWA5123-AC), 2468C-WAC6502D-E (WAC6502D-S, WAC6502D-E), 2468C-WAC6503D-S (WAC6503D-S), 2468C-WAC6553D-E (WAC6553D-E), 2468C-WAC6103DI (WAC6103D-I), 2468C-WAC5302DS (WAC5302D-S)) has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the antenna types listed below with the maximum permissible gain and required antenna impedance for each antenna type indicated. Antenna types not included in this list, having a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited for use with this device.Antenna Information If the product with 5G wireless function operating in 5150-5250 MHz and 5725-5850 MHz , the following attention must be paid, “Este equipamento opera em caráter secundário, isto é, não tem direito à proteção contra interferência prejudicial, mesmo de estações do mesmo tipo, e não pode causar interferência a sistemas operando em caráter primário.” ANTENNA MODEL NO. TYPE CONNECTOR 2.4 G GAIN 5 G GAIN REMARKNWA5123-AC 2.4 GHz Antenna1 PIFA U.FL 3.08 (2400-2483.5MHz)2 PIFA U.FL 3.07 (2400-2483.5MHz)NWA5123-AC 5 GHz Antenna3 PIFA U.FL 4.06 (5150-5250 MHz)3.91 (5725-5850 MHz)4 PIFA U.FL 3.99 (5150-5250 MHz)3.79 (5725-5850 MHz)WAC6502D-E Dipole RSMA 5 7WAC6502D-S Dipole IPEX 4 6WAC6503D-S Dipole IPEX 4 6ZXL04-22008A Dipole N type 4.5 7SINBON / 2.4 G & 5 G Metal & PCB Antenna1 PIFA U.FL 3.28 Ceiling Mounted: Antenna 1, 2, 3Wall Mounted: Antenna 1, 2, 42PIFA U.FL 3.373PIFA U.FL 3.154Dipole U.FL 4.335 Loop U.FL 4.38 (5150-5250 MHz)4.23 (5725-5850 MHz)Ceiling Mounted: Antenna 5, 6, 7Wall Mounted: Antenna 5, 6, 86 Loop U.FL 4.31 (5150-5250 MHz)4.22 (5725-5850 MHz)7 Loop U.FL 4.38 (5150-5250 MHz)4.36 (5725-5850 MHz)8 Dipole U.FL 5.12 (5150-5250 MHz)5.20 (5725-5850 MHz)81XCAL15.G01 Loop I-PEX 5.82 (2400-2483.5MHz)81XCAL15.G02 Loop I-PEX 5.02 (2400-2483.5MHz)AD751 PIFA I-PEX 5 (5150-5250 MHz)5 (5250-5350 MHz)5 (5470-5725 MHz)5 (5725-5850 MHz)
Appendix D Legal InformationNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide227• The device for operation in the band 5150-5250 MHz is only for indoor use to reduce the potential for harmful interference to co-channel mobile satellite systems.• For devices with detachable antenna(s), the maximum antenna gain permitted for devices in the band 5725-5850 MHz shall be such that the equipment still complies with the e.i.r.p. limits specified for point-to-point and non-point-to-point operation as appropriate; and• The worst-case tilt angle(s) necessary to remain compliant with the e.i.r.p. elevation mask requirement set forth in Section 6.2.2(3) of RSS 247 shall be clearly indicated.If the product with 5G wireless function operating in 5250-5350 MHz and 5470-5725 MHz , the following attention must be paid.• For devices with detachable antenna(s), the maximum antenna gain permitted for devices in the bands 5250-5350 MHz and 5470-5725 MHz shall be such that the equipment still complies with the e.i.r.p. limit.• Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes : (1) l’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement.• Le présent émetteur radio (2468C-NWA5123AC (NWA5123-AC), 2468C-WAC6502D-E (WAC6502D-S, WAC6502D-E), 2468C-WAC6503D-S (WAC6503D-S), 2468C-WAC6553D-E (WAC6553D-E), 2468C-WAC6103DI (WAC6103D-I), 2468C-WAC5302DS (WAC5302D-S)) de modèle s'il fait partie du matériel de catégorieI) a été approuvé par Industrie Canada pour fonctionner avec les types d'antenne énumérés ci-dessous et ayant un gain admissible maximal et l'impédance requise pour chaque type d'antenne. Les types d'antenne non inclus dans cette liste, ou dont le gain est supérieur au gain maximal indiqué, sont strictement interdits pour l'exploitation de l'émetteur.Lorsque la fonction sans fil 5G fonctionnant en 5150-5250 MHz and 5725-5850 MHz est activée pour ce produit , il est nécessaire de porter une attention particulière aux choses suivantes• Les dispositifs fonctionnant dans la bande 5150-5250 MHz sont réservés uniquement pour une utilisation à l’intérieur afin de réduire les risques de brouillage préjudiciable aux systèmes de satellites mobiles utilisant les mêmes canaux;• Pour les dispositifs munis d’antennes amovibles, le gain maximal d'antenne permis (pour les dispositifs utilisant la bande de 5 725 à 5 850 MHz) doit être conforme à la limite de la p.i.r.e. spécifiée pour l'exploitation point à point et l’exploitation non point à point, selon le cas;• Les pires angles d’inclinaison nécessaires pour rester conforme à l’exigence de la p.i.r.e. applicable au masque d’élévation, et énoncée à la section 6.2.2 3) du CNR-247, doivent être clairement indiqués.Lorsque la fonction sans fil 5G fonctionnant en 5250-5350 MHz et 5470-5725 MHz est activée pour ce produit , il est nécessaire de porter une attention particulière aux choses suivantes.• Pour les dispositifs munis d’antennes amovibles, le gain maximal d'antenne permis pour les dispositifs utilisant les bandes de 5 250 à 5 350 MHz et de 5 470 à 5 725 MHz doit être conforme à la limite de la p.i.r.e.Industry Canada radiation exposure statementThis equipment complies with IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 cm (NWA5123-AC, WAC6553D-E) between the radiator and your body.Déclaration d’exposition aux radiations:Cet équipement est conforme aux limites d’exposition aux rayonnements IC établies pour un environnement non contrôlé.Cet équipement doit être installé et utilisé avec un minimum de 20 cm (NWA5123-AC, WAC6553D-E) de distance entre la source de rayonnement et votre corps.Caution:(i) the device for operation in the band 5150-5250 MHz is only for indoor use to reduce the potential for harmful interference to co-channel mobile satellite systems;(ii) the maximum antenna gain permitted for devices in the bands 5250-5350 MHz and 5470-5725 MHz shall comply with the e.i.r.p. limit; and(iii) the maximum antenna gain permitted for devices in the band 5725-5825 MHz shall comply with the e.i.r.p. limits specified for point-to-point and non point-to-point operation as appropriate.(iv) Users should also be advised that high-power radars are allocated as primary users (i.e. priority users) of the bands 5250-5350 MHz and 5650-5850 MHz and that these radars could cause interference and/or damage to LE-LAN devices.(v) WAC6553D-E is an outdoor device and only uses 5G Band 4 (5725-5850 MHz).Avertissement:(i) les dispositifs fonctionnant dans la bande 5150-5250 MHz sont réservés uniquement pour une utilisation à l’intérieur afin de réduire les risques de brouillage préjudiciable aux systèmes de satellites mobiles utilisant les mêmes canaux;(ii) le gain maximal d’antenne permis pour les dispositifs utilisant les bandes 5250-5350 MHz et 5 470-5 725 MHz doit se conformer à la limite de p.i.r.e.;(iii) le gain maximal d’antenne permis (pour les dispositifs utilisant la bande 5725-5825 MHz) doit se conformer à la limite de p.i.r.e. spécifiée pour l’exploitation point à point et non point à point, selon le cas.(iv) De plus, les utilisateurs devraient aussi être avisés que les utilisateurs de radars de haute puissance sont désignés utilisateurs principaux (c.-à-d., qu’ils ont la priorité) pour les bandes 5250-5350 MHz et 5650-5850 MHz et que ces radars pourraient causer du brouillage et/ou des dommages aux dispositifs LAN-EL.(v) WAC6553D-E est un appareil exterieur et seulement utilise 5G Bane 4 (5725-5850 MHz).EUROPEAN UNIONThe following information applies if you use the product within the European Union.
Appendix D Legal InformationNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide228Declaration of Conformity with Regard to EU Directive 1999/5/EC (R&TTE Directive)Compliance information for 2.4GHz and/or 5GHz wireless products relevant to the EU and other Countries following the EU Directive 1999/5/EC (R&TTE). National RestrictionsThis product may be used in all EU countries (and other countries following the EU Directive 1999/5/EC) without any limitation except forthe countries mentioned below:Ce produit peut être utilisé dans tous les pays de l’UE (et dans tous les pays ayant transposés la directive 1999/5/CE) sans aucune limitation, excepté pour les pays mentionnés ci-dessous:Questo prodotto è utilizzabile in tutte i paesi EU (ed in tutti gli altri paesi che seguono le direttiva 1999/5/EC) senza nessuna limitazione, eccetto per i paesii menzionati di seguito:Български (Bulgarian)С настоящото Zyxel декларира, че това оборудване е в съответствие със съществените изисквания и другите приложими разпоредбите на Директива 1999/5/ЕC.Español (Spanish)Por medio de la presente Zyxel declara que el equipo cumple con los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.Čeština (Czech)Zyxel tímto prohlašuje, že tento zařízení je ve shodě se základními požadavky a dalšími příslušnými ustanoveními směrnice 1999/5/EC.Dansk (Danish) Undertegnede Zyxel erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr udstyr overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.Deutsch (German)Hiermit erklärt Zyxel, dass sich das Gerät Ausstattung in Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den übrigen einschlägigen Bestimmungen der Richtlinie 1999/5/EU befindet.Eesti keel (Estonian)Käesolevaga kinnitab Zyxel seadme seadmed vastavust direktiivi 1999/5/EÜ põhinõuetele ja nimetatud direktiivist tulenevatele teistele asjakohastele sätetele.Ελληνικά (Greek)ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑ Zyxel ∆ΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΤΙ εξοπλισμός ΣΥΜΜΟΡΦΩΝΕΤΑΙ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΙΣ ΟΥΣΙΩ∆ΕΙΣ ΑΠΑΙΤΗΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ ΛΟΙΠΕΣ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΕΣ ∆ΙΑΤΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ Ο∆ΗΓΙΑΣ 1999/5/ΕC.English Hereby, Zyxel declares that this equipment is in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.Français (French)Par la présente Zyxel déclare que l'appareil équipements est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/EC.Hrvatski (Croatian)Zyxel ovime izjavljuje da je radijska oprema tipa u skladu s Direktivom 1999/5/EC.Íslenska (Icelandic)Hér með lýsir, Zyxel því yfir að þessi búnaður er í samræmi við grunnkröfur og önnur viðeigandi ákvæði tilskipunar 1999/5/EC.Italiano (Italian) Con la presente Zyxel dichiara che questo attrezzatura è conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva 1999/5/CE.Latviešu valoda (Latvian)Ar šo Zyxel deklarē, ka iekārtas atbilst Direktīvas 1999/5/EK būtiskajām prasībām un citiem ar to saistītajiem noteikumiem.Lietuvių kalba (Lithuanian)Šiuo Zyxel deklaruoja, kad šis įranga atitinka esminius reikalavimus ir kitas 1999/5/EB Direktyvos nuostatas.Magyar (Hungarian)Alulírott, Zyxel nyilatkozom, hogy a berendezés megfelel a vonatkozó alapvetõ követelményeknek és az 1999/5/EK irányelv egyéb elõírásainak.Malti (Maltese) Hawnhekk, Zyxel, jiddikjara li dan tagħmir jikkonforma mal-ħtiġijiet essenzjali u ma provvedimenti oħrajn relevanti li hemm fid-Dirrettiva 1999/5/EC.Nederlands (Dutch)Hierbij verklaart Zyxel dat het toestel uitrusting in overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de andere relevante bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EC.Polski (Polish) Niniejszym Zyxel oświadcza, że sprzęt jest zgodny z zasadniczymi wymogami oraz pozostałymi stosownymi postanowieniami Dyrektywy 1999/5/EC.Português (Portuguese)Zyxel declara que este equipamento está conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras disposições da Directiva 1999/5/EC.Română (Romanian)Prin prezenta, Zyxel declară că acest echipament este în conformitate cu cerinţele esenţiale şi alte prevederi relevante ale Directivei 1999/5/EC.Slovenčina (Slovak)Zyxel týmto vyhlasuje, že zariadenia spĺňa základné požiadavky a všetky príslušné ustanovenia Smernice 1999/5/EC.Slovenščina (Slovene)Zyxel izjavlja, da je ta oprema v skladu z bistvenimi zahtevami in ostalimi relevantnimi določili direktive 1999/5/EC.Suomi (Finnish) Zyxel vakuuttaa täten että laitteet tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien direktiivin muiden ehtojen mukainen.Svenska (Swedish)Härmed intygar Zyxel att denna utrustning står I överensstämmelse med de väsentliga egenskapskrav och övriga relevanta bestämmelser som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EC.Norsk (Norwegian)Erklærer herved Zyxel at dette utstyret er I samsvar med de grunnleggende kravene og andre relevante bestemmelser I direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Appendix D Legal InformationNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide229Das Produkt kann in allen EU Staaten ohne Einschränkungen eingesetzt werden (sowie in anderen Staaten die der Richtlinie 1999/5/CE folgen) mit Außnahme der folgenden aufgeführten Staaten:In the majority of the EU and other European countries, the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands have been made available for the use of wireless local area networks (LANs). Later in this document you will find an overview of countries in which additional restrictions or requirements or both are applicable.The requirements for any country may evolve. Zyxel recommends that you check with the local authorities for the latest status of their national regulations for both the 2.4GHz and 5GHz wireless LANs.The following countries have restrictions and/or requirements in addition to those given in the table labeled “Overview of Regulatory Requirements for Wireless LANs”:.BelgiumThe Belgian Institute for Postal Services and Telecommunications (BIPT) must be notified of any outdoor wireless link having a range exceeding 300 meters. Please check http://www.bipt.be for more details.Draadloze verbindingen voor buitengebruik en met een reikwijdte van meer dan 300 meter dienen aangemeld te worden bij het Belgisch Instituut voor postdiensten en telecommunicatie (BIPT). Zie http://www.bipt.be voor meer gegevens.Les liaisons sans fil pour une utilisation en extérieur d’une distance supérieure à 300 mètres doivent être notifiées à l’Institut Belge des services Postaux et des Télécommunications (IBPT). Visitez http://www.ibpt.be pour de plus amples détails.DenmarkIn Denmark, the band 5150 - 5350 MHz is also allowed for outdoor usage.I Danmark må frekvensbåndet 5150 - 5350 også anvendes udendørs.ItalyThis product meets the National Radio Interface and the requirements specified in the National Frequency Allocation Table for Italy. Unless this wireless LAN product is operating within the boundaries of the owner's property, its use requires a “general authorization.” Please check http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/ for more details.Questo prodotto è conforme alla specifiche di Interfaccia Radio Nazionali e rispetta il Piano Nazionale di ripartizione delle frequenze in Italia. Se non viene installato all 'interno del proprio fondo, l'utilizzo di prodotti Wireless LAN richiede una “Autorizzazione Generale”. Consultare http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/ per maggiori dettagli.LatviaThe outdoor usage of the 2.4 GHz band requires an authorization from the Electronic Communications Office. Please check http:// www.esd.lv for more details.2.4 GHz frekvenèu joslas izmantoðanai ârpus telpâm nepiecieðama atïauja no Elektronisko sakaru direkcijas. Vairâk informâcijas: http://www.esd.lv.Notes:1. Although Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein are not EU member states, the EU Directive 1999/5/EC has also been implemented in those countries.2. The regulatory limits for maximum output power are specified in EIRP. The EIRP level (in dBm) of a device can be calculated by adding the gain of the antenna used(specified in dBi) to the output power available at the connector (specified in dBm).List of national codes Professional installation instruction (WAC6553D-E)Please be advised that due to the unique function supplied by this product, the device is intended for use with our interactive entertainment software and licensed third-party only. The product will be distributed through controlled distribution channel and installed by trained professional and will not be sold directly to the general public through retail store.COUNTRY ISO 3166 2 LETTER CODE COUNTRY ISO 3166 2 LETTER CODEAustria AT Liechtenstein LIBelgium BE Lithuania LTBulgaria BG Luxembourg LUCroatia HR Malta MTCyprus CY Netherlands NLCzech Republic CR Norway NODenmark DK Poland PLEstonia EE Portugal PTFinland FI Romania ROFrance FR Serbia RSGermany DE Slovakia SKGreece GR Slovenia SIHungary HU Spain ESIceland IS Sweden SEIreland IE Switzerland CHItaly IT Turkey TRLatvia LV United Kingdom GB
Appendix D Legal InformationNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide2301Installation personal This product is designed for specific application and needs to be installed by a qualified personal who has RF and related rule knowledge. The general user shall not attempt to install or change the setting.2Installation location The product shall be installed at a location where the radiating antenna can be kept 30 cm from nearby person in normal operation condition to meet regulatory RF exposure requirement.3External antenna Use only the antennas which have been approved by Zyxel Communications Corporation. The non-approved antenna(s) may produce unwanted spurious or excessive RF transmitting power which may lead to the violation of FCC/IC limit and is prohibited.4Installation procedure Please refer to user's manual for the detail.5Warning Please carefully select the installation position and make sure that the final output power does not exceed the limit set force in relevant rules. The violation of the rule could lead to serious federal penalty.Instructions d'installation professionnelle (WAC6553D-E)Veuillez noter que l'appareil etant dedie a une fonction unique, il doit etre utilise avec notre logiciel proprietaire de divertissement interactif . Ce produit sera propose par un reseau de distribution controle et installe par des professionels; il ne sera pas propose au grand public par le reseau de la grande distribution.1Installation Ce produit est destine a un usage specifique et doit etre installe par un personnel qualifie maitrisant les radiofrequences et les regles s'y rapportant. L'installation et les reglages ne doivent pas etre modifies par l'utilisateur final.2Emplacement d'installationEn usage normal, afin de respecter les exigences reglementaires concernant l'exposition aux radiofrequences, ce produit doit etre installe de facon a respecter une distance de 30 cm entre l'antenne emettrice et les personnes.3Antenn externe.Utiliser uniiquement les antennes approuvees par le fabricant. L'utilisation d'autres antennes peut conduire a un niveau de rayonnement essentiel ou non essentiel depassant les niveaux limites definis par FCC/IC, ce qui est interdit.4Procedure d'installationConsulter le manuel d'utilisation.5AvertissementChoisir avec soin la position d'installation et s'assurer que la puissance de sortie ne depasse pas les limites en vigueur. La violation de cette regle peut conduire a de serieuses penalites federales.Safety Warnings• Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.• Do not expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.• Do not store things on the device.• Do not obstruct the device ventilation slots as insufficient airflow may harm your device. For example, do not place the device in an enclosed space such as a box or on a very soft surface such as a bed or sofa.• Do not install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.• Do not open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.• Do not remove the plug and connect it to a power outlet by itself; always attach the plug to the power adaptor first before connecting it to a power outlet.• Do not allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.• Please use the provided or designated connection cables/power cables/ adaptors. Connect it to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe). If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, it might cause electrocution. Remove it from the device and the power source, repairing the power adapter or cord is prohibited. Contact your local vendor to order a new one.• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.• CAUTION: Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect type, dispose of used batteries according to the instruction. Dispose them at the applicable collection point for the recycling of electrical and electronic devices. For detailed information about recycling of this product, please contact your local city office, your household waste disposal service or the store where you purchased the product.• The following warning statements apply, where the disconnect device is not incorporated in the device or where the plug on the power supply cord is intended to serve as the disconnect device,• For permanently connected devices, a readily accessible disconnect device shall be incorporated external to the device;• For pluggable devices, the socket-outlet shall be installed near the device and shall be easily accessible.Environment statementErP (Energy-related Products)Zyxel products put on the EU market in compliance with the requirement of the European Parliament and the Council publishedDirective 2009/125/EC establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products (recast), so calledas "ErP Directive (Energy-related Products directive) as well as ecodesign requirement laid down in applicable implementing measures, power consumption has satisfied regulation requirements which are:Network standby power consumption < 12W, and/orOff mode power consumption < 0.5W, and/or
Appendix D Legal InformationNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide231Standby mode power consumption < 0.5W.Wireless setting, please refer to "Wireless" chapter for more detail.European Union - Disposal and Recycling InformationThe symbol below means that according to local regulations your product and/or its battery shall be disposed of separately from domestic waste. If this product is end of life, take it to a recycling station designated by local authorities. At the time of disposal, the separate collection of your product and/or its battery will help save natural resources and ensure that the environment is sustainable development. Die folgende Symbol bedeutet, dass Ihr Produkt und/oder seine Batterie gemäß den örtlichen Bestimmungen getrennt vom Hausmüll entsorgt werden muss. Wenden Sie sich an eine Recyclingstation, wenn dieses Produkt das Ende seiner Lebensdauer erreicht hat. Zum Zeitpunkt der Entsorgung wird die getrennte Sammlung von Produkt und/oder seiner Batterie dazu beitragen, natürliche Ressourcen zu sparen und die Umwelt und die menschliche Gesundheit zu schützen.El símbolo de abajo indica que según las regulaciones locales, su producto y/o su batería deberán depositarse como basura separada de la doméstica. Cuando este producto alcance el final de su vida útil, llévelo a un punto limpio. Cuando llegue el momento de desechar el producto, la recogida por separado éste y/o su batería ayudará a salvar los recursos naturales y a proteger la salud humana y medioambiental.Le symbole ci-dessous signifie que selon les réglementations locales votre produit et/ou sa batterie doivent être éliminés séparément des ordures ménagères. Lorsque ce produit atteint sa fin de vie, amenez-le à un centre de recyclage. Au moment de la mise au rebut, la collecte séparée de votre produit et/ou de sa batterie aidera à économiser les ressources naturelles et protéger l'environnement et la santé humaine.Il simbolo sotto significa che secondo i regolamenti locali il vostro prodotto e/o batteria deve essere smaltito separatamente dai rifiuti domestici. Quando questo prodotto raggiunge la fine della vita di servizio portarlo a una stazione di riciclaggio. Al momento dello smaltimento, la raccolta separata del vostro prodotto e/o della sua batteria aiuta a risparmiare risorse naturali e a proteggere l'ambiente e la salute umana.Symbolen innebär att enligt lokal lagstiftning ska produkten och/eller dess batteri kastas separat från hushållsavfallet. När den här produkten når slutet av sin livslängd ska du ta den till en återvinningsstation. Vid tiden för kasseringen bidrar du till en bättre miljö och mänsklig hälsa genom att göra dig av med den på ett återvinningsställe.
Appendix D Legal InformationNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide232Environmental Product Declaration
Appendix D Legal InformationNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide233台灣以下訊息僅適用於產品銷售至台灣地區第十二條 經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司，商號或使用者均不得擅自變更頻率、加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。第十四條 低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。前項合法通信，指依電信法規定作業之無線電通信。 低功率射頻電機須忍受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。NCC Statement:1) 用 20 cm 計算 MPE 能符合 1mW/cm2電磁波曝露量 MPE 標準值 (MPE) 1mW/cm2，送測產品實值為 0.316 mW/cm2 for NWA5123-AC。電磁波曝露量 MPE 標準值 (MPE) 1mW/cm2，送測產品實值為 0.320 mW/cm2 for WAC6502D-S。電磁波曝露量 MPE 標準值 (MPE) 1mW/cm2，送測產品實值為 0.403 mW/cm2 for WAC6502D-E。電磁波曝露量 MPE 標準值 (MPE) 1mW/cm2，送測產品實值為 0.744 mW/cm2 for WAC6503D-S。電磁波曝露量 MPE 標準值 (MPE) 1mW/cm2，送測產品實值為 0.448 mW/cm2 for WAC6103D-I。電磁波曝露量 MPE 標準值 (MPE) 1mW/cm2，送測產品實值為 0.057 mW/cm2 for WAC5302D-S。2) 用 30 cm 計算 MPE 能符合 1mW/cm2電磁波曝露量 MPE 標準值 (MPE) 1mW/cm2，送測產品實值為 0.305 mW/cm2 for WAC6553D-E。802.11b/802.11g 警語：第十二條→經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司，商號或使用者均不得擅自變更頻率、加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。第十四條→低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。前項合法通信，指依電信法規定作業之無線電通信。 低功率射頻電機須忍受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。802.11a 警語：無線傳輸設備 (UNII) 以下訊息僅適用於產品操作於 5.25-5.35 秭赫頻帶內並銷售至台灣地區在 5.25-5.35 秭赫頻帶內操作之無線資訊傳輸設備，限於室內使用。 (4.7.5)無線資訊傳輸設備忍受合法通信之干擾且不得干擾合法通信；如造成干擾，應立即停用，俟無干擾之虞，始得繼續使用。 (4.7.6)無線資訊傳設備的製造廠商應確保頻率穩定性，如依製造廠商使用手冊上所述正常操作，發射的信號應維持於操作頻帶中。(4.7.7)無線資訊傳輸設備必須具備安全功能，以保護未經授權之一方任意更改軟體進而避免發射機操作於非經認證之頻率、輸出功率、調變形式或其他射頻參數設定。專業安裝警語： (WAC6553D-E)以下訊息僅適用於產品屬於專業安裝並銷售至台灣地區本器材須經專業工程人員安裝及設定，始得設置使用，且不得直接販售給一般消費者。安全警告為了您的安全，請先閱讀以下警告及指示 :• 請勿將此產品接近水、火焰或放置在高溫的環境。• 避免設備接觸任何液體 - 切勿讓設備接觸水、雨水、高濕度、污水腐蝕性的液體或其他水份。• 灰塵及污物 - 切勿接觸灰塵、污物、沙土、食物或其他不合適的材料。• 雷雨天氣時，不要安裝，使用或維修此設備。有遭受電擊的風險。• 切勿重摔或撞擊設備，並勿使用不正確的電源變壓器。• 若接上不正確的電源變壓器會有爆炸的風險。• 請勿隨意更換產品內的電池。• 如果更換不正確之電池型式，會有爆炸的風險，請依製造商說明書處理使用過之電池。• 請將廢電池丟棄在適當的電器或電子設備回收處。• 請勿將設備解體。• 請勿阻礙設備的散熱孔，空氣對流不足將會造成設備損害。• 請插在正確的電壓供給插座 ( 如 : 北美 / 台灣電壓 110V AC，歐洲是 230V AC)。• 假若電源變壓器或電源變壓器的纜線損壞，請從插座拔除，若您還繼續插電使用，會有觸電死亡的風險。• 請勿試圖修理電源變壓器或電源變壓器的纜線，若有毀損，請直接聯絡您購買的店家，購買一個新的電源變壓器。• 請勿將此設備安裝於室外，此設備僅適合放置於室內。• 請勿隨一般垃圾丟棄。• 請參閱產品背貼上的設備額定功率。• 請參考產品型錄或是彩盒上的作業溫度。• 產品沒有斷電裝置或者採用電源線的插頭視為斷電裝置的一部分，以下警語將適用 :－ 對永久連接之設備， 在設備外部須安裝可觸及之斷電裝置； － 對插接式之設備， 插座必須接近安裝之地點而且是易於觸及的。
Appendix D Legal InformationNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide234Viewing CertificationsGo to http://www.zyxel.com to view this product’s documentation and certifications.Zyxel Limited WarrantyZyxel warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in material or workmanship for a specific period (the Warranty Period) from the date of purchase. The Warranty Period varies by region. Check with your vendor and/or the authorized Zyxel local distributor for details about the Warranty Period of this product. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, Zyxel will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of Zyxel. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.NoteRepair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. Zyxel shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.To obtain the services of this warranty, contact your vendor. You may also refer to the warranty policy for the region in which you bought the device at http://www.zyxel.com/web/support_warranty_info.php.RegistrationRegister your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at www.zyxel.com.Open Source LicensesThis product contains in part some free software distributed under GPL license terms and/or GPL like licenses. Open source licenses are provided with the firmware package. You can download the latest firmware at www.zyxel.com. If you cannot find it there, contact your vendor or Zyxel Technical Support at support@zyxel.com.tw. To obtain the source code covered under those Licenses, please contact your vendor or Zyxel Technical Support at support@zyxel.com.tw.
IndexNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide235IndexSymbolsAaccess 30access privileges 13access users 82see also users 82admin users 82multiple logins 87see also users 82alerts 160, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168antenna switch 186AP 12applicationsMBSSID 13Repeater 16Bbacking up configuration files 172Basic Service Setsee BSSboot module 177BSS 13CCAand certificates 116CA (Certificate Authority), see certificatesCAPWAP 61, 63CEF (Common Event Format) 161, 166Certificate Authority (CA)see certificatesCertificate Management Protocol (CMP) 122Certificate Revocation List (CRL) 116vs OCSP 131certificates 115advantages of 116and CA 116and FTP 152and HTTPS 138and SSH 149and WWW 139certification path 116, 124, 129expired 116factory-default 116file formats 116fingerprints 125, 130importing 119not used for encryption 116revoked 116self-signed 116, 121serial number 124, 129storage space 118, 127thumbprint algorithms 117thumbprints 117used for authentication 116verifying fingerprints 117certification requests 121, 122certificationsviewing 234channel 14CLI 17, 35button 35messages 35popup window 35Reference Guide 2cold start 28commands 17sent by Web Configurator 35Common Event Format (CEF) 161, 166comparison table 11, 12configuration 12information 181
IndexNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide236configuration files 170at restart 172backing up 172downloading 173downloading with FTP 151editing 170how applied 171lastgood.conf 172, 174managing 171startup-config.conf 174startup-config-bad.conf 172syntax 170system-default.conf 174uploading 175uploading with FTP 151use without restart 170contact information 219Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access PointsSee CAPWAPcopyright 225CPU usage 45, 47current date/time 45, 133daylight savings 135setting manually 136time server 137customer support 219Ddate 133daylight savings 135DCS 71DHCP 133and domain name 133diagnostics 181disclaimer 225domain name 133DTLS 61dual radios 14dual-radio application 14dynamic channel selection 71Ee-maildaily statistics report 157encryption 16ESSID 193Extended Service Set IDentification 89FFCC interference statement 225file extensionsconfiguration files 170shell scripts 170file manager 170firmwareand restart 176boot module, see boot modulecurrent version 44, 177getting updated 176uploading 176, 177uploading with FTP 151flash usage 45FTP 17, 151and certificates 152with Transport Layer Security (TLS) 152GGuideCLI Reference 2HHTTPover SSL, see HTTPSredirect to HTTPS 139vs HTTPS 138HTTPS 138and certificates 138authenticating clients 138avoiding warning messages 141
IndexNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide237example 140vs HTTP 138with Internet Explorer 140with Netscape Navigator 140HyperText Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer, see HTTPSIIEEE 802.1x 90installation 12interfacestatus 46interfacesas DHCP servers 133interference 14Internet Protocol version 6, see IPv6Internet telephony 13IP Address 61gateway IP address 61IP subnet 61IPv6 211addressing 211EUI-64 213global address 211interface ID 213link-local address 211Neighbor Discovery Protocol 211ping 211prefix 211prefix length 211stateless autoconfiguration 213unspecified address 212Kkey pairs 115Llastgood.conf 172, 174layer-2 isolation 105example 106MAC 106LED suppression 183LEDs 20Blinking 21, 23, 25, 27Flashing 21, 23, 25, 26, 27Off 21, 23, 25, 26, 27load balancing 71Locator LED 184log messagescategories 164, 166, 167, 168debugging 57regular 57types of 57logoutWeb Configurator 32logse-mail profiles 159e-mailing log messages 59, 163formats 161log consolidation 164settings 159syslog servers 159system 159types of 159MMAC addressrange 44maintenance 12management 12Management Information Base (MIB) 153Management ModeCAPWAP and DHCP 62CAPWAP and IP Subnets 63managed AP 62standalone mode 61management mode 13managing the devicegood habits 17using FTP. See FTP.MBSSID 13memory usage 45, 48message bar 38messages
IndexNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide238CLI 35warning 38mode 12model name 44My Certificates, see also certificates 118Nnetwork access control 12Network Time Protocol (NTP) 136Oobjectscertificates 115users, accountuser 82Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) 131vs CRL 131operating mode 12overview 11Ppower off 29power on 28product registration 234Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI) 116public-private key pairs 115Rradio 14reboot 28, 188vs reset 188Reference Guide, CLI 2registrationproduct 234remote managementFTP, see FTPTelnet 151WWW, see WWWreportsdaily 157daily e-mail 157reset 197vs reboot 188vs shutdown 189RESET button 28, 197restart 188RF interference 14RFC2510 (Certificate Management Protocol or CMP) 122Rivest, Shamir and Adleman public-key algorithm (RSA) 121root AP 12RSA 121, 129, 130RSSI threshold 95SSCEP (Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol) 122Secure Socket Layer, see SSLserial number 44service controland users 137limitations 137timeouts 137Service Set 89Service Set Identifiersee SSIDshell scripts 170downloading 179editing 178how applied 171managing 178syntax 170uploading 180shutdown 29, 189vs reset 189Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol (SCEP) 122Simple Network Management Protocol, see SNMPSNMP 152, 153agents 153
IndexNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide239Get 153GetNext 153Manager 153managers 153MIB 153network components 153Set 153Trap 153traps 154versions 152SSH 147and certificates 149client requirements 149encryption methods 148for secure Telnet 149how connection is established 147versions 148with Linux 150with Microsoft Windows 149SSID 13SSID profilepre-configured 13SSID profiles 13SSL 138starting the device 28startup-config.conf 174if errors 172missing at restart 172present at restart 172startup-config-bad.conf 172station 71statisticsdaily e-mail report 157status 43status bar 38warning message popup 38stopping the device 28supported browsers 30syslog 161, 166syslog servers, see also logssystem log, see logssystem name 44, 133system uptime 45system-default.conf 174TTelnet 151with SSH 149time 133time servers (default) 136trademarks 225Transport Layer Security (TLS) 152troubleshooting 181Trusted Certificates, see also certificates 126Uupgradingfirmware 176uploadingconfiguration files 175firmware 176shell scripts 178usageCPU 45, 47flash 45memory 45, 48onboard flash 45use 12user authentication 82user namerules 83user objects 82users 82access, see also access usersadmin (type) 82admin, see also admin usersand service control 137currently logged in 45default lease time 86, 88default reauthentication time 86, 88lease time 85limited-admin (type) 82lockout 87reauthentication time 85types of 82user (type) 82user names 83
IndexNWA / WAC Series User’s Guide240VVantage Report (VRPT) 161, 166Virtual Local Area Network 66VLAN 66introduction 66VoIP 13VRPT (Vantage Report) 161, 166Wwarm start 28warning message popup 38warranty 234note 234WDS 12, 16Web Configurator 17, 30access 30requirements 30supported browsers 30web configurator 12WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) 90wireless channel 193wireless client 71Wireless Distribution System (WDS) 16wireless LAN 193Wireless networkoverview 70wireless networkexample 70wireless profile 89layer-2 isolation 89MAC filtering 89radio 89security 89SSID 89wireless repeater 12wireless security 13, 193wireless station 71WLAN interface 14WPA2 90WWW 138and certificates 139see also HTTP, HTTPS 138

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