UAB Teltonika Networks RUT950 RUT950 User Manual

UAB Teltonika RUT950

Contents

Users Manual-2

69 7.5.2 LAN Networks In this page you can create extra LAN networks, and assign them with LAN Ports and wireless access points. You can get extra information on how to configure any of your LAN’s settings in section – 7.3 LAN Field Name Sample Value Explanation 1. LAN name Lan Specifies new LAN name 2. Interface name eth0 tap0 Specifies LAN interface name 7.6 Firewall In this section we will look over the various firewall features that come with RUT9. 7.6.1 General Settings The routers firewall is a standard Linux iptables package, which uses routing chains and policies to facilitate control over inbound and outbound traffic. Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Drop Invalid Checked/Unchecked A “Drop” action is performed on a packet that is determined to be invalid
70 packets 2. Input Reject/Drop/Accept DEFAULT* action that is to be performed for packets that pass through the Input chain. 3. Output Reject/Drop/Accept DEFAULT* action that is to be performed for packets that pass through the Output chain. 4. Forward Reject/Drop/Accept DEFAULT* action that is to be performed for packets that pass through the Forward chain. *DEFAULT: When a packet goes through a firewall chain it is matched against all the rules for that specific chain. If no rule matches said packet, an according Action (either Drop or Reject or Accept) is performed. Accept – Packet gets to continue down the next chain. Drop – Packet is stopped and deleted. Reject – Packet is stopped, deleted and, differently from Drop, an ICMP packet containing a message of rejection is sent to the source of the dropped packet. 7.6.2 DMZ By enabling DMZ for a specific internal host (for e.g.: your computer), you will expose that host and its services to the routers WAN network (i.e. - internet). 7.6.3 Port Forwarding Here you can define your own port forwarding rules.
71 You can use port forwarding to set up servers and services on local LAN machines. The above picture shows how you can set up a rule that would allow a website that is being hosted on 192.168.1.109, to be reached from the outside by entering http://routersExternalIp:12345/. Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Name Enable_SSH_WAN_PASSTHROUGH Name of the rule. Used purely to make it easier to manage rules. 2. Protocol TCP/UDP/TCP+UDP/Other Type of protocol of incoming packet. 3. External Port 1-65535 From this port on the WAN network the traffic will be forwarded. 4. Internal IP address IP address of some computer on your LAN The IP address of the internal machine that hosts some service that we want to access from the outside. 5. Internal port 1-65535 To that port on the internal machine the rule will redirect the traffic. When you click edit you can fine tune a rule to near perfection, if you should desire that.
72 Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Name ENABLE_SSH_WAN_PASSTHROUGH Name of the rule. Used purely to make it easier to manage rules. 2. Protocol TCP/UDP/TCP+ UDP/ICMP/Custom You may specify multiple by selecting (custom) and then entering protocols separated by space 3. Source zone LAN/VPN/WAN Match incoming traffic from this zone only 4. Source MAC address any Match incoming traffic from these MACs only 5. Source IP address any Match incoming traffic from this IP or range only 7. Source port any Match incoming traffic originating from the given source port or port range on the client host only 8. External IP address any Match incoming traffic directed at the given IP address only 9. External port 22 Match incoming traffic directed at the given destination port or port range on this host only 10. Internal zone LAN/VPN/WAN Redirect matched incoming traffic to the specified internal zone 11. Internal IP address 127.0.0.1 Redirect matched incoming traffic to the specified internal host 12. Internal port any Redirect matched incoming traffic to the given port on the internal host 13. Enable NAT loopback Enable/Disable NAT loopback enables your local network (i.e. behind your router/modem) to connect to a forward-facing IP address (such as 208.112.93.73) of a machine that it also on your local network 14. Extra arguments Passes additional arguments to iptables. Use with care!
73 7.6.4 Traffic Rules The traffic rule page contains a more generalized rule definition. With it you can block or open ports, alter how traffic is forwarded between LAN and WAN and many more things. Field Name Explanation 1. Name Name of the rule. Used for easier rules management purpose only 2. Protocol Protocol type of incoming or outgoing packet 3. Source Match incoming traffic from this IP or range only 4. Destination Redirect matched traffic to the given IP address and destination port 5. Action Action to be taken for the packet if it matches the rule 6. Enable Self-explanatory. Uncheck to make the rule inactive. The rule will not be deleted, but it also will not be loaded into the firewall. 7. Sort When a packet arrives, it gets checked for a matching rule. If there are several rules that match the rule, the first one is applied i.e. the order of the rule list impacts how your firewall operates, therefore you are given the ability to sort your list as you wish. You can configure firewall rule by clicking edit button.
74 Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Name “Allow-DHCP-Relay” Used to make rule management easier 2. Restrict to address family IPv4 and IPV6 Match traffic from selected address family only 3. Protocol TCP/UDP/Any/ICMP/Custom Protocol of the packet that is being matched against traffic rules. 4. Match ICMP type any Match traffic with selected ICMP type only 5. Source zone any zone/LAN/VPN/WAN Match incoming traffic from this zone only 6. Source MAC address any Match incoming traffic from these MACs only 7. Source address any Match incoming traffic from this IP or range only 8. Source port any Match incoming traffic originating from the given source port or port range on the client host only 9. Destination zone Device/Any zone/LAN/VPN/WAN Match forwarded traffic to the given destination zone only 10. Destination address any Match forwarded traffic to the given destination IP address or IP range only 11. Destination port 67 Match forwarded traffic to the given destination port or port range only 12. Action Drop/Accept/Reject + chain + additional rules Action to be taken on the packet if it matches the rule. You can also define additional options like limiting packet volume, and defining to which chain the rule belongs
75 7.6.4.1 Open Ports On the Router Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Name Open_Port_rule Used to make rule management easier 2. Protocol TCP/UDP/Any/ICMP/Custom Protocol of the packet that is being matched against traffic rules. 3. External port 1-65535 Match incoming traffic directed at the given destination port or port range on this host. 7.6.4.2 New Forward Rule Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Name Forward rule new Used to make rule management easier 2. Source LAN/VPN/WAN Match incoming traffic from selected address family only 3. Protocol TCP/UDP/Any/ICMP/Custom Protocol of the packet that is being matched against traffic rules. 7.6.4.3 Source NAT Source NAT is a specific form of masquerading which allows fine grained control over the source IP used for outgoing traffic, for example to map multiple WAN addresses to internal subnets. Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Name SNAT Used to make rule management easier
76 2. Protocol TCP/UDP/Any/ICMP/Custom Protocol of the packet that is being matched against traffic rules. 3. Source LAN/VPN/WAN Match incoming traffic from selected address family only 4. Destination LAN/VPN/WAN Forward incoming traffic to selected address family only 5. SNAT Rewrite to source IP 10.101.1.10 SNAT (Source Network Address Translation) rewrite packet\'s source IP address and port 6. Enable Enable/Disable Make a rule active/inactive You can configure firewall source NAT rule, by clicking edit button. Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Name SNAT Used to make rule management easier 2. Protocol TCP/UDP/Any/ICMP/Custom Protocol of the packet that is being matched against traffic rules. 3. Source zone LAN/VPN/WAN Match incoming traffic from this zone only 4. Source MAC address any Match incoming traffic from these MACs only 5. Source address any Match incoming traffic from this IP or range only 6. Source port any Match incoming traffic originating from the given source port or port range on the client host only 7. Destination zone LAN/VPN/WAN Match forwarded traffic to the given destination zone only 8. Destination IP address Select from the list Match forwarded traffic to the given destination IP address or IP range only 9. Destination port any Match forwarded traffic to the given destination port or port range only
77 10. SNAT IP address “10.101.1.10” Rewrite matched traffic to the given IP address 11. SNAT port “22” Rewrite matched traffic to the given source port. May be left empty to only rewrite the IP address' 12. Extra arguments Passes additional arguments to iptables. Use with care! 7.6.5 Custom Rules Here you have the ultimate freedom in defining your rules – you can enter them straight into the iptables program. Just type them out into the text field ant it will get executed as a Linux shell script. If you are unsure of how to use iptables, check out the internet for manuals, examples and explanations. 7.6.6 DDOS Prevention 7.6.6.1 SYN Flood Protection SYN Flood Protection allows you to protect from attack that exploits part of the normal TCP three-way handshake to consume resources on the targeted server and render it unresponsive. Essentially, with SYN flood DDoS, the offender sends TCP connection requests faster than the targeted machine can process them, causing network saturation.
78 Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Enable SYN flood protection Enable/Disable Makes router more resistant to SYN flood attacks. 2. SYN flood rate “25” Set rate limit (packets/second) for SYN packets above which the traffic is considered a flood. 3. SYN flood burst “50” Set burst limit for SYN packets above which the traffic is considered a flood if it exceeds the allowed rate. 4. TCP SYN cookies Enable/Disable Enable the use of SYN cookies (particular choices of initial TCP sequence numbers by TCP servers). 7.6.6.2 Remote ICMP requests Attackers are using ICMP echo request packets directed to IP broadcast addresses from remote locations to generate denial-of-service attacks. Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Enable ICMP requests Enable/Disable Blocks remote ICMP echo-request type 2. Enable ICMP limit Enable/Disable Enable ICMP echo-request limit in selected period 3. Limit period Second/Minute/Hour/Day Select in what period limit ICMP echo-request 4. Limit “10” Maximum ICMP echo-request during the period 5. Limit burst “5” Indicating the maximum burst before the above limit kicks in. 7.6.6.3 SSH Attack Prevention Prevent SSH (Allows a user to run commands on a machine's command prompt without them being physically present near the machine.) attacks by limiting connections in defined period. Field Name Sample value Explanation
79 1. Enable SSH limit Enable/Disable Enable SSH connections limit in selected period 2. Limit period Second/Minute/Hour/Day Select in what period limit SSH connections 3. Limit “10” Maximum SSH connections during the period 4. Limit burst “5” Indicating the maximum burst before the above limit kicks in. 7.6.6.4 HTTP Attack Prevention HTTP attack sends a complete, legitimate HTTP header, which includes a 'Content-Length' field to specify the size of the message body to follow. However, the attacker then proceeds to send the actual message body at an extremely slow rate (e.g. 1 byte/110 seconds). Due to the entire message being correct and complete, the target server will attempt to obey the 'Content-Length' field in the header, and wait for the entire body of the message to be transmitted, hence slowing it down. Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Enable HTTP limit Enable/Disable Limits HTTP connections per period 2. Limit period Second/Minute/Hour/Day Select in what period limit HTTP connections 3. Limit “10” Maximum HTTP connections during the period 4. Limit burst “10” Indicating the maximum burst before the above limit kicks in. 7.6.6.5 HTTPS Attack Prevention Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Enable HTTPS limit Enable/Disable Limits HTTPS connections per period 2. Limit period Second/Minute/Hour/Day Select in what period limit HTTPS connections 3. Limit “10” Maximum HTTPS connections during the period 4. Limit burst “10” Indicating the maximum burst
80 7.6.7 Port Scan Prevention 7.6.7.1 Port Scan Field Name Sample value Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enable port scan prevention 2. Interval 30 Time interval in seconds counting how much port scan (10 – 60 sec.) 3. Scan count 10 How much port scan before blocked 7.6.7.2 Defending type Field Name Explanation 1. SYN-FIN attack Protect from SYN-FIN attack 2. SYN-RST attack Protect from SYN-RST attack 3. X-Mas attack Protect from X-Mas attack 4. FIN scan Protect from FIN scan 5. NULLflags attack Protect from NULLflags attack 7.7 Routing 7.7.1 Static Routes Static routes specify over which interface and gateway a certain host or network can be reached.
81 Field name Value Explanation 1. Routing table MAIN/WAN/WAN2/WAN3 Defines the table to use for the route 2. Interface MAIN/WAN/WAN2/WAN3 The zone where the target network resides 3. Destination address IP address The address of the destination network 4. Netmask IP mask Mask that is applied to the Target to determine to what actual IP addresses the routing rule applies 5. Gateway IP address To where the router should send all the traffic that applies to the rule 6. Metric integer Used as a sorting measure. If a packet about to be routed fits two rules, the one with the higher metric is applied. Additional note on Target & Netmask: You can define a rule that applies to a single IP like this: Target - some IP; Netmask - 255.255.255.255. Furthermore you can define a rule that applies to a segment of IPs like this: Target – some IP that STARTS the segment; Netmask – Netmask that defines how large the segment is. E.g.: 192.168.55.161 255.255.255.255 Only applies to 192.168.55.161 192.168.55.0 255.255.255.0 Applies to IPs in range 192.168.55.0-192.168.55.255 192.168.55.240 255.255.255.240 Applies 192.168.55.240 - 192.168.55.255 192.168.55.161 255.255.255.0 192.168.55.0 - 192.168.55.255 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 7.7.2 Dynamic Routes 7.7.2.1 General Dynamic routes provide dynamic routing which enables router to select paths according to real-time logical network layout changes.
82 7.7.2.2 OSPF Protocol 7.7.2.2.1 OSPF General Instance Field name Value Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enables OSPF protocol 2. Stub Enable/Disable Enable/Disable stub 3. RFC1583 compatibility Enable/Disable Enables OSPF compatibility with RFC1583 specification 4. Import All/None/custom Set if the protocol must import routes 5. Export All/None/custom Set if the protocol must export routes 7.7.2.2.2 OSPF Area The OSPF network can be divided into sub-domains called areas. Field name Value Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enable dynamic routes 2. Router ID 192.168.1.1 Router’s ID
83 Field name Value Explanation 1. Area name OSPF_area OSPF area’s name 2. Enable Yes/No Enable/disable OSPF area To see at specific configuration settings press “edit” button located in newly created OSPF area. A new page with detailed configuration appears, as shown in the picture below. Field name Value Explanation 1. Enabled Enable/Disable Enable specific OSPF area 2. Stub Enable/Disable Enable/disable stub 3. Interface br-lan A interface that new instance will have 4. New IP Name of the new OSPF network configuration. Used for easer configurations management purpose only
84 7.7.2.3 General Protocol Field name Value Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enable/Disable settings 2. Learn Enable/Disable Enables routes learning 3. Persist Enable/Disable If checked it allows to store routes. After a restart, routes will be still configured 4. Scan time 20 Time between scans 5. Import All Set if the protocol must import routes 6. Export All Set if the protocol must export routes 7. Enable Enable/Disable If checked the protocol will not be configured 8. Scan time 10 Time between scans 7.7.2.3.1 Static Routes Field name Explanation 1. Prefix Protocol prefix of incoming or outgoing packet 2. Type Protocol type of incoming or outgoing packet
85 7.8 Load Balancing Load balancing lets users divide traffic between different interfaces. 8 Remote monitoring and administration RUT9XX supports multiple monitoring and administration possibilities. One can get routers information through SMS or using RMS (Remote Management System). Furthermore, some system related parameters can be obtained using MODBUSD or MQTT publisher services. How to use them are described in the 9.19 and 9.20 chapters respectively. The main focus is on parameters, which change from time to time, like signal strength, operators name (it is quite common to change of operator name in countries where inner roaming is used) or module temperature. Although it is also possible to read more static values, like MAC address, router’s serial number and many others. The access to the mentioned parameters is implemented in both MODBUSD and MQTT publisher applications. Apart from getting of some parameters, MODBUSD also supports setting of some system related parameter, for example, change value of digital output. Although it sounds frustrating, this functionality is sometimes useful and necessary. Some applications, like MQTT publisher or RMS allows monitoring or administrating several routers from one place. It is very useful functionality, when you have few routers and would like to change some parameter using single application. RMS share some similarities with SSH (Secure Shell) and indeed, one of RMS feature is to allows SSH access to remote router. There is no separate chapter about RMS in this manual, because the interface of RMS is very intuitive and user friendly. You can access RMS by using your browser with supplied username and a password at http://rms.teltonika.lt By sending SMS to the router the user can execute some command, like reboot, switch wifi on or off and many others. With each SMS the user need to specify router’s administrator password. This is done for authentication purposes. The list of commands that may be executed through the SMS is limited. Full list of commands can be found on Services-SMS Utilities of routers WEB page. More about router’s management using SMS can found in chapter 9.8. Another interesting router monitoring solution is SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). By not going into deep details about this protocol, it is another manner to monitor router parameters. It allows the user to check current operator, modem model and other router parameters. Compared to other applications and services, only SNMP have ability to inform the user about the occurrence of specific event (called trap) in the system. The main drawback of this protocol is, that it does not allow to change anything. You can read more about SNMP in chapter 8.9.
86 Apart from services mentioned earlier, there is one service, which is used only for communication between router and Android type device (phones, etc’). It is called json-rpc and allows to set or get various parameters of the system. JSON-RPC can execute the same commands, like user through SSH. To sum up, this approach opens wide possibilities in communication between router and Android. However, there is no separate topic about JSON-RPC in this manual, because this type of communication is generally not for end-user use. Each approach has its advantages and disadvantages. In some situations, maybe MQTT publisher works better than MODBUSD, while in others, MODBUSD will be the better choice. The most versatile manner of system monitoring and administration is through SSH. The SSH provides complete control of the router. The user can execute commands, write shell scripts and do many other things. In such case, the user only needs application to connect router through SSH. The most popular application used in Windows type operating systems is called Putty. If you try to connect to router from Unix like operating system, you only need to execute ssh command with some arguments, like hostname and username (in this case – root). Sometimes the use of SSH is not necessary, so other more conservative services/applications are used. The complete list of applications and services, which can be used for router administration and monitoring are given below. It can be seen, that all applications, except MQTT publisher and SNMP supports setting/getting of some system related parameter.
87 Application Can obtain parameters Can set parameters 1. MQTT publisher  o 2. MODBUS daemon   3. SSH   4. RMS   5. SMS   6. SNMP  o 7. JSON-RPC   By summarizing, RUT9XX provides several solutions for router management. Each user can choose what solution to use. If required functionality is not found in particular service, the user can combine several applications, for example, use MQTT publisher along with SNMP. Finally, if user has special needs, he can write shell script and execute it via SSH or use json-rpc. 9 Services 9.1 VRRP 9.1.1 VRRP LAN Configuration Settings Field name Sample Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enable VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) for LAN 2. IP address 192.168.1.253 Virtual IP address for LAN's VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) cluster 3. Virtual ID 1 Routers with same IDs will be grouped in the same VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) cluster, range [1-255] 4. Priority 100 Router with highest priority value on the same VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) cluster will act as a master, range [1-255]
88 9.1.2 Check Internet connection Field name Sample Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enable WAN's connection monitoring 2. Ping IP address 8.8.4.4 A host to send ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) packets to 3. Ping interval 10 Time interval in seconds between two Pings 4. Ping timeout (sec) 1 Response timeout value, interval [1 - 9999] 5. Ping packet size 50 ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) packet's size, interval [0 - 1000] 6. Ping retry count 100 Failed Ping attempt’s count before determining that connection is lost, interval [1 – 9999] 9.2 TR-069 TR-069 is a standard developed for automatic configuration and management of remote devices by Auto Configuration Servers (ACS). 9.2.1 TR-069 Parameters Configuration Field name Sample Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enable TR-069 client 2. Enable Periodic Transmission Enable / Disable Enable periodic transmissions of data to server 3. User name admin User name for authentication on TR-069 server 4. Password ******* Password for authentication on TR-069 server 5. URL http://192.168.1.110:8080 TR-069 server URL address
89 9.3 Web filter 9.3.1 Site blocking Field name Sample Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enable host name based websites blocking 2. Mode Whitelist/Blacklist Whitelist - allow every site on the list and block everything else. Blacklist - block every site on the list and allow everything else. 3. Enable Enable/Disable Check to enable site blocking 4. Host name www.yahoo.com Block/allow site with this hostname 9.3.2 Proxy Based Content Blocker
90 Field name Sample Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enable proxy server based URL content blocking. Works with HTTP protocol only 2. Mode Whitelist/Blacklist Whitelist - allow every part of URL on the list and block everything else. Blacklist - block every part of URL on the list and allow everything else 3. URL content example.com Block/allow any URL containing this string. Example.com, example.*, *.example.com 9.4 NTP NTP configuration lets you setup and synchronize routers time. Field name Description 1. Current System time Local time of router. 2. Time zone Time zone of your country. 3. Enable NTP Enable system’s time synchronization with time server using NTP (Network Time
91 Protocol) 4. Update interval How often router updates systems time 5. Save time to flash Save last synchronized time to flash memory 6. Count of time synchronizations Total amount of times that router will do the synchronization. Note: If left blank - the count will be infinite 7. Offset frequency Adjust the minor drift of the clock so that it will be more accurate Note, that under Time Servers at least one server has to be present, otherwise NTP will not serve its purposes. 9.5 VPN 9.5.1 OpenVPN VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a method for secure data transfer through unsafe public network. This section explains how to configure OpenVPN, which is implementation of VPN supported by the RUT9 router. A picture below demonstrates default OpenVPN configurations list, which is empty, so you have to define a new configuration to establish any sort of OpenVPN connection. To create it, enter desired configuration name in “New configuration name” field, select device role from “Role” drop down list. For example, to create an OpenVPN client with configuration name demo, select client role, name it “demo” and press “Add New” button as shown in the following picture.
92 To see at specific configuration settings press “edit” button located in newly created configuration entry. A new page with detailed configuration appears, as shown in the picture below (TLS client example).
93 There can be multiple server/client instances. You can set custom settings here according to your VPN needs. Below is summary of parameters available to set: Field name Explanation 1. Enabled Switches configuration on and off. This must be selected to make configuration active. 2. TUN/TAP Selects virtual VPN interface type. TUN is most often used in typical IP-level VPN connections, however, TAP is required to some Ethernet bridging configurations. 3. Protocol Defines a transport protocol used by connection. You can choose here between TCP and UDP. 4. Port Defines TCP or UDP port number (make sure, that this port allowed by firewall). 5. LZO This setting enables LZO compression. With LZO compression, your VPN connection will generate less network traffic; however, this means higher router CPU loads. Use it carefully with high rate traffic or low CPU resources.
94 6. Encryption Selects Packet encryption algorithm. 7. Authentication Sets authentication mode, used to secure data sessions. Two possibilities you have here: “Static key” means, that OpenVPN client and server will use the same secret key, which must be uploaded to the router using “Static pre-shared key” option. “TLS” authentication mode uses X.509 type certificates. Depending on your selected OpenVPN mode (client or server) you have to upload these certificates to the router: For client: Certificate Authority (CA), Client certificate, Client key. For server: Certificate Authority (CA), Server certificate, Server key and Diffie-Hellman (DH) certificate used to key exchange through unsafe data networks. All mention certificates can be generated using OpenVPN or Open SSL utilities on any type host machine. Certificate generation and theory is out of scope of this user manual. 8. TLS cipher Packet encryption algorithm (cipher) 9. Remote host/IP address IP address of OpenVPN server (applicable only for client configuration). 10. Resolve Retry Sets time in seconds to try resolving server hostname periodically in case of first resolve failure before generating service exception. 11. Keep alive Defines two time intervals: one is used to periodically send ICMP request to OpenVPN server, and another one defines a time window, which is used to restart OpenVPN service, if no ICPM request is received during the window time slice. Example Keep Alive “10 60” 12. Remote network IP address IP address of remote network, an actual LAN network behind another VPN endpoint. 13. Remote network IP netmask Subnet mask of remote network, an actual LAN network behind another VPN endpoint. 14. Max routes Allow a maximum number of routes to be pulled from an OpenVPN server 15. HMAC authentication algorithm Sets HMAC authentication algorithm 16. Additional HMAC authentication Add an additional layer of HMAC authentication on top of the TLS control channel to protect against DoS attacks 17. Certificate authority Certificate authority is an entity that issues digital certificates. A digital certificate certifies the ownership of a public key by the named subject of the certificate. 18. Client certificate Client certificate is a type of digital certificate that is used by client systems to make authenticated requests to a remote server. Client certificates play a key role in many mutual authentication designs, providing strong assurances of a requester's identity. 19. Client key Authenticating the client to the server and establishing precisely who they are After setting any of these parameters press “Save” button. Some of selected parameters will be shown in the configuration list table. You should also be aware of the fact that router will launch separate OpenVPN service for every configuration entry (if it is defined as active, of course) so the router has ability to act as server and client at the same time. 9.5.2 IPSec The IPsec protocol client enables the router to establish a secure connection to an IPsec peer via the Internet. IPsec is supported in two modes - transport and tunnel. Transport mode creates secure point to point channel between two hosts. Tunnel mode can be used to build a secure connection between two remote LANs serving as a VPN solution.
95 IPsec system maintains two databases: Security Policy Database (SPD) which defines whether to apply IPsec to a packet or not and specify which/how IPsec-SA is applied and Security Association Database (SAD), which contain Key of each IPsec-SA. The establishment of the Security Association (IPsec-SA) between two peers is needed for IPsec communication. It can be done by using manual or automated configuration. Note: router starts establishing tunnel when data from router to remote site over tunnel is sent. For automatic tunnel establishment used tunnel Keep Alive feature. Field name Value Explanation 1. Enable Enabled/Disabled Check box to enable IPSec. 2. IKE version IKEv1 or IKEv2 Method of key exchange 3. Mode “Main” or “Aggressive” ISAKMP (Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol) phase 1 exchange mode 4. My identifier type Address, FQDN, User FQDN Choose one accordingly to your IPSec configuration 5. My identifier Set the device identifier for IPSec tunnel. In case RUT has Private IP, its identifier should be its own LAN network address. In this way, the Road Warrior approach is possible. 6. Dead Peer Detection Enabled/Disabled The values clear, hold and restart all active DPD 7. Pre shared key A shared password to authenticate between the peer
96 8. Remote VPN endpoint Domain name or IP address. Leave empty or any 9. IP address/Subnet mask Remote network secure group IP address and mask used to determine to what subnet an IP address belongs to. Range [0-32]. IP should differ from device LAN IP 10. Enable keep alive Enabled/Disabled Enable tunnel keep alive function 11. Host A host address to which ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo requests will be send 12. Ping period (sec) Send ICMP echo request every x seconds. Range [0-999999] Phase 1 and Phase 2 must be configured accordingly to the IPSec server configuration, thus algorithms, authentication and lifetimes of each phase must be identical. Field name Value Explanation 1. Encryption algorithm DES, 3DES, AES 128, AES 192, AES256 The encryption algorithm must match with another incoming connection to establish IPSec 2. Authentication MD5, SHA1, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512 The authentication algorithm must match with another incoming connection to establish IPSec 3. Hash algorthm MD5, SHA1, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512 The hash algorithm must match with another incoming connection to establish IPSec 4. DH group MODP768, MODP1024, MODP1536, MODP2048, MODP3072, MODP4096 The DH (Diffie-Helman) group must with another incoming connection to establish IPSec 4. PFS group MODP768, MODP1024, MODP1536, MODP2048, MODP3072, MODP4096, No PFS The PFS (Perfect Forward Secrecy) group must match with another incoming connection to establish IPSec 5. Lifetime Hours, Minutes, Seconds The time duration for phase
97 9.5.3 GRE Tunnel GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation RFC2784) is a solution for tunneling RFC1812 private address-space traffic over an intermediate TCP/IP network such as the Internet. GRE tunneling does not use encryption it simply encapsulates data and sends it over the WAN. In the example network diagram two distant networks LAN1 and LAN2 are connected. To create GRE tunnel the user must know the following parameters: 1. Source and destination IP addresses. 2. Tunnel local IP address 3. Distant network IP address and Subnet mask.
98 Field name Explanation 1. Enabled Check the box to enable the GRE Tunnel function. 2. Remote endpoint IP address Specify remote WAN IP address. 3. Remote network IP address of LAN network on the remote device. 4. Remote network netmask Network of LAN network on the remote device. Range [0-32]. 5. Local tunnel IP Local virtual IP address. Cannot be in the same subnet as LAN network. 6. Local tunnel netmask Network of local virtual IP address. Range [0-32] 7. MTU Specify the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of a communications protocol of a layer in bytes. 8. TTL Specify the fixed time-to-live (TTL) value on tunneled packets [0-255]. The 0 is a special value meaning that packets inherit the TTL value. 9. PMTUD Check the box to enable the Path Maximum Transmission Unit Discovery (PMTUD) status on this tunnel. 10. Enable Keep alive It gives the ability for one side to originate and receive keep alive packets to and from a remote router even if the remote router does not support GRE keep alive. 11. Keep Alive host Keep Alive host IP address. Preferably IP address which belongs to the LAN network on the remote device. 12. Keep Alive interval Time interval for Keep Alive. Range [0 - 255].
99 9.5.4 PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a protocol (set of communication rules) that allows corporations to extend their own corporate network through private "tunnels" over the public Internet. Effectively, a corporation uses a wide-area network as a single large local area network. A company no longer needs to lease its own lines for wide-area communication but can securely use the public networks. This kind of interconnection is known as a virtual private network (VPN). Field name Explanation 1. Enable Check the box to enable the PPTP function. 2. Local IP IP Address of this device (RUT) 3. Remote IP range begin IP address leases beginning 4. Remote IP range end IP address leases end 5. Username Username to connect to PPTP (this) server 6. Password Password to connect to PPTP server 7. User IP Users IP address Field name Explanation 1. Enable Enable current configuration
100 2. Use as default gateway Use this PPTP instance as default gateway 3. Server The server IP address or hostname 4. Username The user name for authorization with the server 5. Password The password for authorization with the server 9.5.5 L2TP Allows setting up a L2TP server or client. Below is L2TP server configuration example. Field name Explanation 1. Enable Check the box to enable the L2TP Tunnel function. 2. Local IP IP Address of this device (RUT) 3. Remote IP range begin IP address leases beginning 4. Remote IP range end IP address leases end 5. Username Username to connect to L2TP (this) server 6. Password Password to connect to L2TP server Client configuration is even simpler, which requires only Servers IP, Username and Password. 9.6 Dynamic DNS Dynamic DNS (DDNS) is a domain name service allowing to link dynamic IP addresses to static hostname. To start using this feature firstly you should register to DDNS service provider (example list is given in description).
101 You are provided with add/delete buttons to manage and use different DDNS configurations at the same time! You can configure many different DDNS Hostnames in the main DDNS Configuration section. To edit your selected configuration, hit Edit. Field name Value Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enables current DDNS configuration. 2. Status Timestamp of the last IP check or update. 3. Service 1. dydns.org 2. 3322.org 3. no-ip.com 4. easydns.com 5. zoneedit.com Your dynamic DNS service provider selected from the list. In case your DDNS provider is not present from the ones provided, please feel free to use "custom" and add hostname of the update URL. 4. Hostname yourhost.example.org Domain name which will be linked with dynamic IP address. 5. Username your_username Name of the user account. 6. Password your_password Password of the user account. 7. IP Source Public Private Custom This option allows you to select specific RUT interface, and then send the IP address of that interface to DDNS server. So if, for example, your RUT has Private IP (i.e. 10.140.56.57) on its WAN (3G interface), then you can send this exact IP to DDNS server by selecting "Private", or by selecting "Custom" and "WAN" interface. The DDNS server will then resolve hostname queries to this specific IP.
102 8. Network WAN Source network 9. IP renew interval (min) 10 (minutes) Time interval (in minutes) to check if the IP address of the device have changed. 10. Force IP renew 472 (minutes) Time interval (in minutes) to force IP address renew. 9.7 SMS Utilities RUT950 has extensive amount of various SMS Utilities. These are subdivided into 6 sections: SMS Utilities, Call Utilities, User Groups, SMS Management, Remote Configuration and Statistics. 9.7.1 SMS Utilities All configuration options are listed below: - Reboot - Get status - Get OpenVPN status - Switch WiFi on/off - Switch mobile data on/off - Change mobile data settings - Get list of profiles - Change profile - Manage OpenVPN - SSh access control - Web access control - Restore to default - Force SIM switch - FW upgrade from server - Config update from server - Switch monitoring on/off You can choose your SMS Keyword (text to be sent) and authorized phone number in the main menu. You can edit each created rule by hitting Edit button.
103 Field name Explanation Notes 1. Reboot Enable This check box will enable and disable SMS reboot function. Allows router restart via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. SMS text SMS text which will reboot router. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. Get status via SMS after reboot Check this to recieve connection status via SMS after a reboot. If you select this box, router will send status once it has rebooted and is operational again. This is both separate SMS Rule and an option under SMS Reboot rule. Message text Which status information should be included in SMS: Data state, Operator, Connection type, Signal Strength, Connection State, IP You can select which status elements to display. 2. Get status Enable Check this to receive connection status via SMS. Allows to get router‘s status via SMS. This is both separate SMS Rule and an option under SMS Reboot rule. Action The action to be performed
104 when this rule is met. Enable SMS Status This check box will enable and disable SMS status function. SMS status is disabled by default. SMS text SMS text which will send routers status. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. Message text Which status information should be included in SMS: Data state, Operator, Connection type, Signal Strength, Connection State, IP You can select which status elements to display. 3. Get OpenVPN status Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows to get OpenVPN‘s status via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. SMS text SMS text which will send OpenVPN status. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. 4. Switch WiFi On/Off Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows Wi-Fi control via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. Turn WiFi ON or OFF. SMS text SMS text which will turn Wi-Fi ON/OFF. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. Write to config Permanently saves Wi-Fi state. With this setting enabled, router will keep Wi-Fi state even after reboot. If it is not selected, router will revert Wi-Fi state after reboot. 5. Switch mobile data on/off Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows mobile control via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. Turn mobile ON or OFF. SMS text SMS text which will turn mobile data ON/OFF. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. Write to config Permanently saves mobile network state. With this setting enabled, router will keep mobile state even after reboot.
105 If it is not selected, router will revert mobile state after reboot. 6. Manage OpenVPN Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows OpenVPN control via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. Turn OpenVPN ON or OFF. SMS text Keyword which will turn OpenVPN ON/OFF. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. After Keyword you have to write OpenVPN name. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. 7. Change mobile data settings Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows to change mobile settings via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. SMS text Key word that will precede actual configuration parameters. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. Mobile Settings via SMS parameters: Parameter Value(s) Explanation 1. apn= e.g. internet.gprs Sets APN. i.e: apn=internet.gprs 2. dialnumber= e.g. *99***1# Sets dial number 3. auth_mode= none pap chap Sets authentication mode 4. service= Auto 4gpreferred 4gonly 3gpreferred 3gonly 2gpreferred 2gonly You can add as many phone numbers as you need. Dropdown list with additional rows will show up if you click on “add” icon at the end of phone number row. 5. username= user Used only if PAP or CHAP authorization is selected 6. password= user Used only if PAP or CHAP authorization is selected All Mobile settings can be changed in one SMS. Between each <parameter=value> pair a space symbol is necessary. Example: cellular apn=internet.gprs dialnumber=*99***1#auth_mode=pap service=3gonly username=user password=user Important Notes:
106  3G settings must be configured correctly. If SIM card has PIN number you must enter it at “Network” > “3G” settings. Otherwise SMS reboot function will not work.  Sender phone number must contain country code. You can check sender phone number format by reading the details of old SMS text massages you receiving usually. Field name Explanation Notes 8. Get list of profiles Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows to get list of profiles via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. SMS text SMS text which will send list of profiles. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. 9. Change profile Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows profile change via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. SMS text Keyword which will change active profile. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. After Keyword you have to write profile name. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. 10. SSH access Control Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows SSH access control via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. SMS text SMS text which will turn SSH access ON/OFF. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. Enable SSH access Enable this to reach router via SSH from LAN (Local Area Network). If this box is selected, SMS will enable SSH access from LAN. If this box is not selected, SMS will disable SSH access from LAN. Enable remote SSH access Enable this to reach router via SSH from WAN (Wide Area Network). If this box is selected, SMS will enable SSH access from WAN. If this box is not selected, SMS will disable SSH access from WAN. 11. Web access Control Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows Web access control via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. SMS text SMS text which will turn Web SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and
107 access ON/OFF. special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. Enable HTTP access Enable this to reach router via HTTP from LAN (Local Area Network). If this box is selected, SMS will enable HTTP access from LAN. If this box is not selected, SMS will disable HTTP access from LAN. Enable remote HTTP access Enable this to reach router via HTTP from WAN (Wide Area Network). If this box is selected, SMS will enable HTTP access from WAN. If this box is not selected, SMS will disable HTTP access from WAN. Enable remote HTTPS access Enable this to reach router via HTTPS from WAN (Wide Area Network). If this box is selected, SMS will enable HTTPS access from WAN. If this box is not selected, SMS will disable HTTPS access from WAN. 12. Restore to default Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows to restore router to default settings via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. Router will reboot after this rule is executed. SMS text SMS text which will turn Wi-Fi ON/OFF. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. 13. Force switch SIM Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows SIM switch via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. SMS text SMS text which will change active SIM card to another one. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. Sender phone number Phone number of person who can receive router status via SMS message. You can add as many phone numbers as you need. Dropdown list with additional rows will show up if you click on “add” icon at the end of phone number row. 14. Force FW upgrade from server Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows to upgrade router‘s FW via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. Router will reboot after this rule is executed. SMS text SMS text which will force router to upgrade firmware from server. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number.
108 15. Force Config update from server Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows to upgrade router‘s Config via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. Router will reboot after this rule is executed. SMS text SMS text which will force router to upgrade configuration from server. SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. No authorization, by serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all numbers, from group or from single number. 16. Switch monitoring on/off Enable This check box will enable and disable this function. Allows monitoring control via SMS. Action The action to be performed when this rule is met. Turn monitoring ON or OFF. SMS text SMS text which will turn monitoring ON/OFF SMS text can contain letters, numbers, spaces and special symbols. Capital letters also matters. Authorization method What kind of authorization to use for SIM management. By serial or by router admin password. Allowed users Whitelist of allow users From all uers, from group or from single number. Important Notes:  3G settings must be configured correctly. If SIM card has PIN number you must enter it at “Network” > “3G” settings. Otherwise SMS reboot function will not work.  Sender phone number must contain country code. You can check sender phone number format by reading the details of old SMS text massages you receiving usually. 9.7.2 Call Utilities Allow users to call to the router in order to perform one of the actions: Reboot, Get Status, turn Wi-Fi ON/OFF, turn Mobile data ON/OFF. Only thing that is needed is to call routers SIM card number from allowed phone (user) and RUT9 will perform all actions that are assigned for this particular number. To configure new action on call rules you just need to click the Add button in the „New Call rule” section. After that, you get in to the “Modify Call Rule section”.
109 Field name Sample Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enables the rule 2. Action Reboot Action to be taken after receiving a call, you can choose from following actions: Reboot, Send status, Switch Wi-Fi, Switch mobile data. 3. Allowed users From all numbers Allows to limit action triggering from all users, to user groups or single user numbers 4. Get status via SMS after reboot Enable/Disable Enables automatic message sending with router status information after reboot 9.7.2.1 Incoming Calls Field name Sample Explanation 1. Reject unrecognized incoming calls Enable/Disable If a call is made from number that is not in the active rule list, it can be rejected with this option 9.7.3 User Groups Give possibility to group phone numbers for SMS management purposes. You can then later use these groups in all related SMS functionalities. This option helps if there are several Users who should have same roles when managing router via SMS. You can create new user group by entering group name and clicking on Add button in “Create New User Group” section. After that you get to “Modify User Group” section. Field name Sample Explanation 1. Group name Group1 Name of grouped phone numbers 2. Phone number +37061111111 Number to add to users group, must match international format. You can add phone numbers fields by clicking on the green + symbol
110 9.7.4 SMS Management 9.7.4.1 Read SMS In SMS Management page Read SMS you can read and delete received/stored SMS. 9.7.4.2 Send SMS Field name Sample Explanation 1. Phone number +3701111111 Recipients phone number. Should be preceded with country code, i.e. “+370” 2. Message My text. Message text, special characters are allowed. 9.7.4.3 Storage With storage option you can choose for router NOT to delete SMS from SIM card. If this option is not used, router will automatically delete all incoming messages after they have been read. Message status “read/unread” is examined every 60 seconds. All “read” messages are deleted.
111 Field name Sample Explanation 1. Save messages on SIM Enabled / Disabled Enables received message storing on SIM card 2. SIM card memory Used: 0 Available: 50 Information about used/available SIM card memory 3. Leave free space 1 How much memory (number of message should be left free 9.7.5 Remote Configuration RUT9xx can be configured via SMS from another RUT9xx. You only have to select which configuration details have to be sent, generate the SMS Text, type in the phone number and Serial number of the router that you wish to configure and Send the SMS. Total count of SMS is managed automatically. You should be aware of possible number of SMS and use this feature at your own responsibility. It should not, generally, be used if you have high cost per SMS. This is especially relevant if you will try to send whole OpenVPN configuration, which might acumulate ~40 SMS. 9.7.5.1 Receive configuration This section controls how configuration initiation party should identify itself. In this scenario RUT950 itself is being configured. Field name Values Notes
112 1. Enable Enabled / Disabled Enables router to receive configuration 1. Authorization method No authorization / By serial By administration password Describes what kind of authorization to use for SMS management. Method at Receiving and Sending ends must match 2. Allowed users From all numbers From group From single number Gives greater control and security measures Note, that for safety reasons Authorization method should be configured before deployment of the router. 9.7.5.2 Send configuration This section lets you configure remote RUT950 devices. The authorization settings must confirm to those that are set on the receiving party. Field name Values Notes
113 1. Generate SMS New/From current configuration Generate new SMS settings or use current device configuration 2. Interface Mobile/Wired Interface type used for WAN (Wide Area Network) connection 3. WAN Enable/Disable Include configuration for WAN (Wide Area Network) 4. LAN Enable/Disable Include configuration for LAN (Local Area Network) 6. Protocol Static/DHCP Network protocol used for network configuration parameters management 7. IP address “217.147.40.44” IP address that router will use to connect to the internet 8. IP netmask “255.255.255.0” That will be used to define how large the WAN (Wide Area Network) network is 11. IP gateway “217.147.40.44” The address where traffic destined for the internet is routed to 12. IP broadcast “217.147.40.255” A logical address at which all devices connected to a multiple-access communications network are enabled to receive datagrams. 13. Primary SIM card SIM1/SIM2 A SIM card that will be used as primary 14. Mobile connection Use pppd mode Use ndis mode An underlying agent that will be used for mobile data connection creation and management 15. APN “internet.mnc012.mcc345.gprs” (APN) is the name of a gateway between a GPRS or 3G mobile networks and another computer network, frequently the public Internet. 16. Dialing number “+37060000001” A phone number that will be used to establish a mobile PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) connection 17. Authentication method CHAP/PAP/None Select an authentication method that will be used to authenticate new connections on your GSM carrier's network 18. User name “admin” User name used for authentication on your GSM carrier's network 19. Password “password” Password used for authentication on your GSM carrier's network 20. Service mode Auto 4G (LTE ) preferred 4G (LTE) only 3G preferred 3G only 2G preferred 2G only You can add as many phone numbers as you need. Dropdown list with additional rows will show up if you click on “add” icon at the end of phone number row. 21. IP address “192.168.1.1” IP address that router will use on LAN (Local Area Network) network 22. IP netmask “255.255.255.0” A subnet mask that will be used to define how large the LAN (Local Area Network) network is 23. IP broadcast “192.168.1.255” A logical address at which all devices connected to a multiple-access communications network are enabled to receive datagrams
114 Field name Values Notes 1. Message text field Generated configuration message Here you can review and modify configuration message text to be sent 2. Phone number “+37060000001” A phone number of router which will receive the configuration 3. Authorization method No authorization By serial By router admin password What kind of authorization to use for remote configuration 9.7.6 Statistics In statistics page you can review how much SMS was sent and received on both SIM card slots. You can also reset the counters. 9.8 SNMP SNMP settings window allows you to remotely monitor and send GSM event information to the server.
115 9.8.1 SNMP Settings Field name Sample Explanation 1. Enable SNMP service Enable/Disable Run SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) service on system's start up 2. Enable remote access Enable/Disable Open port in firewall so that SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) service may be reached from WAN 3. Port 161 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) service's port 4. Community Public/Private/Custom The SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Community is an ID that allows access to a router's SNMP data 5. Community name custom Set custom name to access SNMP 6. Location Location Trap named sysLocation 7. Contact email@example.com Trap named sysContact 8. Name Name Trap named sysName Variables/OID OID Description 1. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.1 Modem IMEI 2. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.2 Modem model 3. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.3 Modem manufacturer 4. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.4 Modem revision 5. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.5 Modem serial number 6. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.6 SIM status 7. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.7 Pin status 8. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.8 IMSI 9. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.9 Mobile network registration status 10. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.10 Signal level 11. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.11 Operator currently in use 12. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.12 Operator number (MCC+MNC) 13. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.13 Data session connection state 14. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.14 Data session connection type 15. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.15 Signal strength trap 16. 1.3.6.1.4.1.99999.1.1.16 Connection type trap
116 9.8.2 TRAP Settings Field name Sample Explanation 1. SNMP Trap Enable/Disable Enable SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) trap functionality 2. Host/IP 192.168.99.155 Host to transfer SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) traffic to 3. Port 162 Port for trap's host 4. Community Public/Private The SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Community is an ID that allows access to a router's SNMP data 9.9 SMS Gateway 9.9.1 Post/Get Configuration Post/Get Configuration allows you to perform actions by writing these requests URI after your device IP address.
117 Field name Values Notes 1. Enable Enabled / Disabled Enable SMS management functionality through POST/GET 2. User name admin User name used for authorization 3. Password ******* Password used for authorization (default- admin01) Do not forget to change parameters in the url according to your POST/GET Configuration! 9.9.1.1 SMS by HTTP POST/GET It is possible to read and send SMS by using valid HTTP POST/GET syntax. Use web browser or any other compatible software to submit HTTP POST/GET string to router. Router must be connected to GSM network when using “SMS send” feature. Action POST/GET url e.g. 1. View mobile messages list /cgi-bin/sms_list?username=admin&password=admin01 2. Read mobile message /cgi-bin/sms_read?username=admin&password=admin01&number=1 3. Send mobile messages /cgi-bin/sms_send?username=admin&password=admin01&number=0037060000001&text=testmessage 4. View mobile messages total /cgi-bin/sms_total?username=admin&password=admin01 5. Delete mobile message /cgi-bin/sms_delete?username=admin&password=admin01&number=1 9.9.1.2 Syntax of HTTP POST/GET string HTTP POST/GET string Explanation http://{IP_ADDRESS} /cgi-bin/sms_read? username={your_user_name}&password={your_password}&number={MESSAGE_INDEX} Read message /cgi-bin/sms_send? username={your_user_name}&password={your_password}&number={PHONE_NUMBER}&text={MESSAGE_TEXT} Send message
118 /cgi-bin/sms_delete? username={your_user_name}&password={your_password}&number={MESSAGE_INDEX} Delete message /cgi-bin/ sms_list? username={your_user_name}&password={your_password} List all messages /cgi-bin/sms_ total? username={your_user_name}&password={your_password} Number of messages in memory Note: parameters of HTTP POST/GET string are in capital letters inside curly brackets. Curly brackets (“{ }”) are not needed when submitting HTTP POST/GET string. 9.9.1.3 Parameters of HTTP POST/GET string Parameter Explanation 1. IP_ADDRESS IP address of your router 2. MESSAGE_INDEX SMS index in memory 3. PHONE_NUMBER Phone number of the message receiver. Note: Phone number must contain country code. Phone number format is: 00{COUNTRY_CODE} {RECEIVER_NUMBER}. E.g.: 0037062312345 (370 is country code and 62312345 is receiver phone number) 4. MESSAGE_TEXT Text of SMS. Note: Maximum number of characters per SMS is 160. You cannot send longer messages. It is suggested to use alphanumeric characters only. After every executed command router will respond with return status. 9.9.1.4 Possible responses after command execution Response Explanation 1. OK Command executed successfully 2. ERROR An error occurred while executing command 3. TIMEOUT No response from the module received 4. WRONG_NUMBER SMS receiver number format is incorrect or SMS index number is incorrect 5. NO MESSAGE There is no message in memory by given index 6. NO MESSAGES There are no stored messages in memory 9.9.1.5 HTTP POST/GET string examples http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/sms_read?username=admin&password=admin01&number=2 http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/sms_send?username=admin&password=admin01&number=0037060000001&text=message http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/sms_delete?username=admin&password=admin01&number=4 http://192.168.1.1 /cgi-bin/sms_list?username=admin&password=admin01 http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/sms_total?username=admin&password=admin01
119 9.9.2 Email to SMS Field name Values Notes 1. Enable Enable/Disable Allows to convert received Email to SMS 2. POP3 server “pop.gmail.com” POP3 server address 3. Server port “995” Server authentication port 4. User name “admin” User name using for server authentication 5. Password “admin01” Password using for server authentication 6. Secure connection (SLL) Enable/Disable (SSL) is a protocol for transmitting private documents via the Internet. SSL uses a cryptographic system that uses two keys to encrypt data − a public key known to everyone and a private or secret key known only to the recipient of the message. 7. Check mail every Minutes Hours Days Mail checking period 9.9.3 Scheduled Messages Scheduled messages allow to periodically sending mobile messages to specified number.
120 9.9.3.1 Scheduled Messages Configuration Field name Values Notes 1. Enable Enable/Disable Activates periodical messages sending. 2. Recipient’s phone number “+37060000001” Phone number that will receive messages. 3. Message text “Test” Message that will be send. 4. Message sending interval Day/Week/Month/Year Message sending period. 9.9.4 Auto Reply Configuration Auto reply allows replying to every message that router receives to everyone or to listed numbers only. Field name Values Notes 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enable auto reply to every received mobile message. 2. Don’t save received message Enable/Disable If enabled, received messages are not going to be saved 3. Mode Everyone / Listed numbers Specifies from which senders received messages are going to be replied. 4. Message “Text” Message text that will be sent in reply.
121 9.9.5 SMS Forwarding 9.9.5.1 SMS Forwarding To HTTP This functionality forwards mobile messages from all or only specified senders to HTTP, using either POST or GET methods. Field name Values Notes 1. Enable Enable / Disable Enable mobile message forwarding to HTTP 2. Method POST / GET Defines the HTTP transfer method 3. URL 192.168.99.250/getpost/index.php URL address to forward messages to 4. Number value name “sender” Name to assign for sender’s phone number value in query string 5. Message value name “text” Name to assign for message text value in query string 6. Extra data pair 1 Var1 - 17 If you want to transfer some extra information through HTTP query, enter variable name on the left field and its value on the right 7. Extra data pair 2 Var2 – “go” If you want to transfer some extra information through HTTP query, enter variable name on the left field and its value on the right 8. Mode All messages/From listed numbers Specifies which senders messages to forward
122 9.9.5.2 SMS Forwarding to SMS This functionality allows forwarding mobile messages from specified senders to one or several recipients. Field name Values Notes 1. Enable Enable / Disable Enable mobile message forwarding 2. Add sender number Enable / Disable If enabled, original senders number will be added at the end of the forwarded message 3. Mode All message / From listed numbers Specifies from which senders received messages are going to be forwarded. 4. Recipients phone numbers +37060000001 Phone numbers to which message is going to be forwarded to 9.9.5.3 SMS Forwarding to Email This functionality forwards mobile messages from one or several specified senders to email address.
123 Field name Values Notes 1. Enable Enable / Disable Enable mobile message forwarding to email 2. Add sender number Enable / Disable If enabled, original senders number will be added at the end of the forwarded message 3. Subject “forwarded message” Text that will be inserted in email Subject field 4. SMTP server mail.teltonika.lt Your SMTP server’s address 5. SMTP server port 25 Your SMTP server’s port number 6. Secure connection Enable / Disable Enables the use of cryptographic protocols, enable only if your SMTP server supports SSL or TLS 7. User name “admin” Your full email account user name 8. Password ******* Your email account password 9. Sender’s email address name.surname@gmail.com Your address that will be used to send emails from 10. Recipient’s email address name2.surname2@gmail.com Address that you want to forward your messages to 11. Mode All messages / from listed numbers Choose which senders messages to forward to email 9.9.6 SMPP Field name Values Explanation 1. Enable Enable/Disable Enables SMPP server 2. User name admin User name for authentication on SMPP server 3. Password ●●●●●●● Password for authentication on SMPP server 4. Server port 7777 A port will be used for SMPP server communications. Allowed all not used ports [0-65535]
124 9.10 Hotspot Wireless hotspot provides essential functionality for managing an open access wireless network. In addition to standard RADIUS server authentication there is also the ability to gather and upload detailed logs on what each device (denoted as a MAC address) was doing on the network (what sites were traversed, etc.). 9.10.1 General settings 9.10.1.1 Main settings Field name Explanation 1. Enabled Check this flag to enable hotspot functionality on the router. 2. AP IP Access Point IP address. This will be the address of the router on the hotspot network. The router will automatically create a network according to its own IP and the CIDR number that you specify after the slash. E.g. “192.168.2.254/24” means that the router will create a network with the IP address 192.168.182.0, netmask 255.255.255.0 for the express purpose of containing all the wireless clients. Such a network will be able to have 253 clients (their IP addresses will be automatically granted to them and will range from 192.168.2.1 to 192.168.2.253). Authentication mode: External radius 1. Radius server #1 The IP address of the RADIUS server that is to be used for Authenticating your wireless clients.
125 2. Radius server #2 The IP address of the second RADIUS server. 3. Authentication port RADIUS server authentication port. 4. Accounting port RADIUS server accounting port. 5. Radius secret key The secret key is used for authentication with the RADIUS server 6. UAM port Port to bind for authenticating clients 7. UAM UI port UAM UI port 8. UAM secret Shared secret between UAM server an hotspot 9. NAS Identifier NAS Identifier 10. Swap octets Swap the meaning of input octets and output as it related to RADIUS attributes 11. Location name The name of location Authentication mode: Internal radius/Without radius 1. External landing page Enables the use of external landing page. 2. Landing page address The address of external landing page 3. HTTPS redirect Redirects HTTP pages to landing page. Authentication mode: SMS OTP 9.10.1.2 Session settings Field name Explanation 1. Logout address IP address to instantly logout a client addressing it 2. Enable Enable address accessing without first authenticating 3. Address Domain name, IP address or network segment 4. Port Port number 5. Allow subdomains Enable/Disable subdomains
126 9.10.2 Internet Access Restriction Settings Allows disable internet access on specified day and hour of every week. 9.10.3 Logging 9.10.3.1 Configuration Field name Explanation 1. Enable Check this box if you want to enable wireless traffic logging. This feature will produce logs which contain data on what websites each client was visiting during the time he was connected to your hotspot. 2. Server address The IP address of the FTP server to which you want the logs uploaded.
127 3. Username The username of the user on the aforementioned FTP server. 4. Password The password of the user. 5. Port The TCP/IP Port of the FTP server. Field name Explanation 1. Mode The mode of the schedule. Use “Fixed” if you want the uploading to be done on a specific time of the day. Use “Interval” if you want the uploading to be done at fixed interval. 2. Interval Shows up only when “Mode” is set to Interval. Specifies the interval of regular uploads on one specific day. E.g. If you choose 4 hours, the uploading will be done on midnight, 4:00, 8:00, 12:00, 16:00 and 20:00. 3. Days Uploading will be performed on these days only 4. Hours, Minutes Shows up only when “Mode” is set to Fixed. Uploading will be done on that specific time of the day. E.g. If you want to upload your logs on 6:48 you will have to simply enter hours: 6 and minutes: 48. 9.10.3.2 Log
128 9.10.4 Landing Page 9.10.4.1 General Landing Page Settings With this functionality you can customize your Hotspot Landing page. Field name Explanation 1. Page title Will be seen as landing page title 2. Theme Landing page theme selection 3. Upload login page Allows to upload custom landing page theme 4. Login page file Allows to download and save your landing page file In the sections – “Terms Of Services”, “Background Configuration”, “Logo Image Configuration”, “Link Configuration”, “Text Configuration” you can customize various parameters of landing page components.
129 9.10.4.2 Template In this page you can review landing page template HTML code and modify it. 9.10.5 Radius server configuration An authentication and accounting system used by many Internet Service Providers (ISPs). When you dial in to the ISP you must enter your username and password. This information is passed to a RADIUS server, which checks that the information is correct, and then authorizes access to the ISP system.
130 Field name Explanation 1. Enable Activates an authentication and accounting system 2. Remote access Activates remote access to radius server 3. Accounting port Port on which to listen for accounting 4. Authentication port Port on which to listen for authentication 9.10.6 Statistics On hotspot statistics page you can review statistical information about hotspot instances. 9.11 CLI CLI or Comand Line Interface functionality allows you to enter and execute comands into routers terminal.
131 9.12 Auto Reboot 9.12.1 Ping Reboot Ping Reboot function will periodically send Ping command to server and waits for echo receive. If no echo is received router will try again sending Ping command defined number times, after defined time interval. If no echo is received after the defined number of unsuccessful retries, router will reboot. It is possible to turn of the router rebooting after defined unsuccessful retries. Therefore this feature can be used as “Keep Alive” function, when router Pings the host unlimited number of times. Possible actions if no echo is received: Reboot, Modem restart, Restart mobile connection, (Re) register, None. Field name Explanation Notes 1. Enable This check box will enable or disable Ping reboot feature. Ping Reboot is disabled by default. 2. Action if no echo is received Action after the defined number of unsuccessful retries No echo reply for sent ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) packet received 3. Interval between pings Time interval in minutes between two Pings. Minimum time interval is 5 minutes. 4. Ping timeout (sec) Time after which consider that Ping has failed. Range(1-9999) 5. Packet size This box allows to modify sent packet size Should be left default, unless necessary otherwise 6. Retry count Number of times to try sending Ping to server after time interval if echo receive was unsuccessful. Minimum retry number is 1. Second retry will be done after defined time interval. 8. Interface Interface used for connection 7. Host to ping from SIM 1 IP address or domain name which will be used to send ping packets to. E.g. 127.0.0.1 (or www.host.com if DNS server is configured correctly) Ping packets will be sending from SIM1. 8. Host to ping from SIM 2 IP address or domain name which will be used to send ping packets to. E.g. 127.0.0.1 (or www.host.com if DNS server is configured correctly) Ping packets will be sending from SIM2.
132 9.12.2 Periodic Reboot Field name Explanation 1. Enable This check box will enable or disable Periodic reboot feature. 2. Days This check box will enable router rebooting at the defined days. 3. Hours, Minutes Uploading will be done on that specific time of the day 9.13 UPNP 9.13.1 General Settings UPnP allows clients in the local network to automatically configure the router. 9.13.2 Advanced Settings
133 Field name Explanation 1. Use UPnP port mapping Enable UPnP port mapping functionality 2. Use NAT-PMP port mapping Enable NAT-PMP mapping functionality 3. Device UUID Specify Universal unique ID of the device 9.13.3 UPnP ACLs ACLs specify which external ports may be redirected to which internal addresses and ports. Field name Explanation 1. Comment Add comment to this rule 2. External ports External ports which may be redirected 3. Internal addresses Internal address to be redirect to 4. Internal ports Internal ports to be redirect to 5. Action Allow or forbid UPNP service to open the specified port 9.13.4 Active UPnP Redirects 9.14 QoS QoS (Quality of Service) is the idea that transmission rates, error rates, and other characteristics can be measured, improved, and, to some extent, guaranteed in advance. QoS is of particular concern for the continuous transmission of high-bandwidth video and multimedia information. QoS can be improved with traffic shaping techniques such as packet, network traffic, and port prioritization.
134 Field name Value Explanation 1. Interface WAN/LAN/PPP 2. Enable Enable/Disable Enable/disable settings 3. Calculate overhead Enable/Disable Check to decrease upload and download ratio to prevent link saturation 4. Half-duplex Enable/Disable Check to enable data transmission in both direction on a single carrier 5. Download speed (kbit/s) 1024 Specify maximal download speed 6. Upload speed (kbit/s) 128 Specify maximal upload speed Field name Explanation 1. Target Select target for which rule will be applied 2. Source host Select host from which data will be transmitted 3. Destination host Select host to which data will be transmitted 4. Service Select service for which rule will be applied 5. Protocol Select data transmission protocol 6. Ports Select which port will be used for transmission 7. Number of bytes Specify the maximal number of bytes for connection 9.15 MQTT MQTT also known as MQ Telemetry Transport is an publish-subscribe based messaging protocol for use on top of the TCP/IP protocol. It is designed to send short messages from one client (publisher) to another (subscriber) through the brokers, which are responsible for message delivery to the end point. RUT 9XX routers do support this functionality via open source Mosquitto broker. The messages are sent in this way: some client (subscriber) subscribes to specific topic or many of them, and then publisher posts some message to specific topic. The broker then checks who is subscribed to particular topic and transmits data from publisher to subscriber. RUT9XX supports some functionality of the MQTT broker and MQTT publisher. The main window of parameters is presented below. The broker can be enabled by checking Enable and entering the port number on which MQTT broker should run to. In order to accept connections from WAN interface, Enable Remote Access should be checked also.
135 In order to use TLS/SSL for connecting clients (subscribers and publishers) to the broker, the one should check Use TLS/SSL. After that, additional settings will be displayed to the user as shown below. Here the user can upload certificates, key files and choose TLS version, which will be used for data encryption between broker and clients (subscribers and publishers) The MQTT broker also supports option called Bridge. It means, that two brokers can be connected to each other and share messages. The window of bridge parameters are presented below. There are some mandatory parameters, like Connection Name, Remote Address and Remote Port. Although connection name is mandatory, it should be set to value what you like and according to mosquitto’s user manual this option denotes the client ID which will be used when connecting to remote broker. There are some other parameters. If you would like to known that they mean and how to use them you should check for mosquito.conf manual page.
136 , The last section of parameters is called Miscellaneous. It contains parameters, which does not depend on neither Security, nor Bridge categories. ACL File denotes access control list file name. The contents of this file are used to control client access to topics of the broker. The Password File denotes the file, there users and corresponding passwords are stored. This file is used for user authentication. This option is related to another option called Allow Anonymous. If Allow Anonymous is unchecked, only users, which exist in password file will be able to connect to the broker. More about password file can be read on mosquitto configuration manual. The last option is called Persistence, it allows to save connection, subscription and message data to the disk, otherwise, the data is stored in memory only.
137 It is possible to configure some sort of MQTT publisher. It is not simple publisher, but publisher, which publishes some system parameters to the broker. The publisher configuration window has few fields, like hostname and port of the broker to connect. Username and password fields are used for authentication. If these fields are left empty, no authentication is performed. The full list of system parameters, which can be published, are described below. Parameter name Parameter description temperature Get temperature of the module in 0.1 degrees Celcium operator Get current operator’s name signal Get signal strength in dBm network Get current network type (2G, 3G, 4G, etc’)
138 connection Check if data connection is available wan Get WAN’s IP address uptime Get system uptime in seconds name Get router’s name digital1 Get value of digital input no. 1 digital2 Get value of digital input no. 2 analog Get value of analog input In order system to work, MQTT broker should be configured in advance. You can use the broker, which is installed inside the router, or the broker in the other location. The publisher operates according to the scheme presented below. In the scheme the client tries to subscribe information about router’s uptime. To achieve this multiple commands between client and publisher are being sent. In general publisher works in such a way: connects to the broker and subscribes to the topics router/get and get/<SERIAL>/command, there <SERIAL> denotes serial number of the router which is currently run publisher. The client then sends message id to the topic router/get. The following message is received by the publisher, since it is subscribed to that topic. Then the publisher sends response with its serial number to the topic router/id. Now the client knows that publisher with some serial number exist. It means, that client can send message with parameter name from the list as a message to the topic get/<SERIAL>/command to the broker. The message will be received only by the subscriber, which has the same SERIAL number mentioned in the topic. Now the publisher can send back a response with router/<SERIAL>/parameter_name topic and message with a value of requested parameter. It should be noted, that according to MQTT protocol, the topic names are case-sensitive, for example topic router is not the same as topic RoUtEr. Publisher Subscribe router/get Subscribe get/01234567/command Publish router/get id Publish router/id 01234567 Publish get/01234567/command uptime Broker Client Publish router/01234567/uptime 15248
139 9.16 Modbus TCP interface Modbus TCP interface allows the user to set or get some parameters from the router (the parameters, which can be set or get will be described later), like module temperature or signal strength. In other words, Modbus TCP is another manner to control router behavior. To use Modbus TCP capabilities it must be turned on by navigating to Services-Modbus. After “Save” button is pressed, the Modbus daemon will be launched on selected port of the system. Modbus daemon performs as slave, that means, it accepts connection from the master (client) and sends out a response or sets some system related parameter. By the default Modbus will only accept connections through LAN interface. In order to accept connections through WAN interface also, Allow Remote Access must be checked. To obtain some parameter from the system, the read holding registers command is used. The register number and corresponding system values are described below. Each register contains 2 bytes. For simplification the number of registers for storing numbers is 2, while for storing text information the number of registers is 16. Required value Representation Register number Number of registers System uptime 32 bit unsigned integer 1 2 GSM signal strength (dBm) 32 bit integer 2 2 System temperature in 0.1 degrees Celcium 32 bit integer 3 2 System hostname Text 4 16 GSM operator name Text 5 16 Router serial number Text 6 16 Router MAC address Text 7 16 Router name Text 8 16 Current SIM card Text 9 16 Network registration Text 10 16 Network type Text 11 16 Digital input 1 32 bit integer 12 2 Digital input 2 32 bit integer 13 2 Current WAN IP address 32 bit unsigned integer 14 2 Analog input 32 bit integer 15 2 The Modbus daemon also supports setting of some system parameters. For this task write holding register command is used. System related parameters and how to use them are described below. The register number refers to the register number where to start write required values. All commands, except “Change APN” accepts only one input parameter. For the APN the number of input registers may vary. The very first byte of APN command denotes a number
140 of SIM card for which set the APN. This byte should be set to 1 (in order to change APN for SIM card number 1) or to 2 (in order to change APN for SIM card number 2). Value to set Description Register number Register value Digital output 1 (on/off) Change the state of the digital output number 1 1 1/0 Digital output 2 (on/off) Change the state of the digital output number 2 2 1/0 Switch WiFi (on/off) Allows to switch WiFi on or off 10 1/0 Switch mobile data connection (on/off) Turns on or off mobile data connection 11 1/0 Switch SIM card (SIM1, SIM2, SIM1->SIM2 and SIM2->SIM1) Allows to change SIM card in use, 3 possible options are supported 12 0/1/2 Change APN Allows to change APN 13 APN code Reboot Reboots a router 20 1 10 System 10.1 Setup Wizard The configuration wizard provides a simple way of quickly configuring the device in order to bring it up to basic functionality. The wizard is comprised out of 4 steps and they are as follows: Step 1 (General change) First, the wizard prompts you to change the default password. Simply enter the same password into both Password and Confirmation fields and press Next. Step 2 (Mobile Configuration) Next we have to enter your mobile configuration. On a detailed instruction on how this should be done see the Mobile section under Network
141 Step 3 (LAN) Next, you are given the chance to configure your LAN and DHCP server options. For a detailed explanation see LAN under Network. Step 4 (Wi-Fi) The final step allows you to configure your wireless settings in order to set up a rudimentary Access Point.
142 When you’re done with the configuration wizard, press Save. 10.2 Profiles Router can have 5 configuration profiles, which you can later apply either via WebUI or via SMS. When you add New Profile, you save current full configuration of the router. Note: profile names cannot exceed 10 symbols.
143 10.3 Administration 10.3.1 General Field name Explanation 1. Router name Enter your new router name. 2. Host name Enter your new host name 3. New Password Enter your new administration password. Changing this password will change SSH password as well. 4. Confirm new password Re-enter your new administration password. 5. Language Website will be translated into selected language. 6. IPv6 support Enable IPv6 support on router 7. Show mobile info at login page Show operator and signal strength at login page. 8. Show WAN IP at login page Show WAN IP at login page. 9 On/Off LEDs If uncheck, all routers LEDs are off. 10 Restore to default Router will be set to factory default settings Important notes:
144 The only way to gain access to the web management if you forget the administrator password is to reset the device factory default settings. Default administrator login settings are: User Name: admin Password: admin01 10.3.2 Troubleshoot Field name Explanation 1. System log level Debug level should always be used, unless instructed otherwise. 2. Save log in Default RAM memory should always be used unless instructed otherwise. 3. Include GSMD information Default setting – enabled should be used, unless instructed otherwise. 4. Include PPPD information Default setting – disabled should be used, unless instructed otherwise. 5. Include Chat script information Default setting – enabled should be used, unless instructed otherwise. 6. Include network topology information Default setting – disabled should be used, unless instructed otherwise. 7. System Log Provides on-screen System logging information. It does not, however, substitute troubleshooting file that can be downloaded from System -> Backup and Firmware menu. 8. Kernel Log Provides on-screen Kernel logging information. It does not, however, substitute troubleshooting file that can be downloaded from System -> Backup and Firmware menu. 9. Troubleshoot file Downloadable archive, that contains full router configuration and all System log files.
145 10.3.3 Backup Field name Explanation 1. Backup archive Download current router settings file to personal computer. This file can be loaded to other RUT950 with same Firmware version in order to quickly configure it. 2. Restore from backup Select, upload and restore router settings file from personal computer.
146 10.3.3.1 Access control 10.3.3.1.1 General Field name Explanation 1. Enable SSH access Check box to enable SSH access. 2. Remote SSH access Check box to enable remote SSH access. 3. Port Port to be used for SSH connection 4. Enable HTTP access Enables HTTP access to router 5. Enable remote HTTP access Enables remote HTTP access to router 6. Port Port to be used for HTTP communication 7. Enable remote HTTPS access Enables remote HTTPS access to router 8. Port Port to be used for HTTPS communication 9. Enable CLI Enables Command Line Interface 10. Enable remote CLI Enables remote Command Line Interface 11. Port Port to be used for CLI communication Note: The router has 2 users: “admin” for WebUI and “root” for SSH. When logging in via SSH use “root”.
147 10.3.3.1.2 Safety Field name Explanation 1. SSH access secure enable Check box to enable SSH access secure functionality. 2. Clean after reboot If check box is selected – blocked addresses are removed after every reboot. 3. Fail count Specifies maximum connection attempts count before access blocking. 4. WebUI access secure enable Check box to enable secure WebUI access. 10.3.4 Diagnostics Field name Explanation 1. Host Enter server IP address or hostname.
148 2. Ping Utility used to test the reach ability of a host on an Internet IP network and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination server. Server echo response will be shown after few seconds if server is accessible. 3. Traceroute Diagnostics tool for displaying the route (path) and measuring transit delays of packets across an Internet IP network. Log containing route information will be shown after few seconds. 4. Nslookup Network administration command-line tool for querying the Domain Name System (DNS) to obtain domain name or IP address mapping or for any other specific DNS record. Log containing specified server DNS lookup information will be shown after few seconds. 10.3.5 MAC Clone Field name Explanation 1. WAN MAC address Enter new WAN MAC address. 10.3.6 Overview Select which information you want to get in Overview window (Status -> Overview). Field name Explanation
149 1. Mobile Check box to show Mobile table in Overview page 2. SMS counter Check box to show SMS counter table in Overview page 3. System Check box to show System table in Overview page 4. Wireless Check box to show Wireless table in Overview page 5. WAN Check box to show WAN table in Overview page 6. Local network Check box to show Local network table in Overview page 7. Access control Check box to show Access control table in Overview page 8. Recent system events Check box to show Recent system events table in Overview page 9. Recent network events Check box to show Recent network events table in Overview page 10. <Hotspot name> Hotspot Check box to show Hotspot instance table in Overview page 11. VRRP Check box to show VRRP table in Overview page 12. Monitoring Check box to show Monitoring table in Overview page 10.3.7 Monitoring Monitoring functionality allows your router to be connected to Remote Monitoring System. Also MAC address and router serial numbers are displayed for convenience in this page, because they are needed when adding device to monitoring system. Field name Explanation 1. Enable remote monitoring Check box to enable/disable remote monitoring 2. Monitoring Shows monitoring status. 3. Router LAN MAC address MAC address of the Ethernet LAN ports 4. Router serial number Serial number of the device 10.4 User scripts Advanced users can insert their own commands that will be executed at the end of booting process.
150 In Script Management window is shown content of a file /etc/rc.local. This file is executed at the end of startup, executing the line: sh /etc/rc.local In this script is needed to use sh (ash) commands. It should be noted, that this is embedded device and sh functionality is not full. 10.5 Restore point 10.5.1 Restore point create Allow to create firmware restore points with all custom configurations. You can download created restore points to your computer. 10.5.2 Restore point load Allow to restore configuration from previously saved restore point. You can upload restore point from your computer.
151 10.6 Firmware 10.6.1 Firmware Keep all settings – if the check box is selected router will keep saved user configuration settings after firmware upgrade. When check box is not selected all router settings will be restored to factory defaults after firmware upgrade. When upgrading firmware, you can choose settings that you wish to keep after the upgrade. This function is useful when firmware is being upgraded via Internet (remotely) and you must not lose connection to the router afterwards. FW image – router firmware upgrade file. Warning: Never remove router power supply and do not press reset button during upgrade process! This would seriously damage your router and make it inaccessible. If you have any problems related to firmware upgrade you should always consult with local dealer.
152 10.6.2 FOTA Field name Explanation 1. Server address Specify server address to check for firmware updates. E.g. “http://teltonika.sritis.lt/rut9xx_auto_update/clients/” 2. User name User name for server authorization. 3. Password Password name for server authorization. 4. Enable auto check Check box to enable automatic checking for new firmware updates. 5. Auto check mode Select when to perform auto check function. 6. WAN wired Allows to update firmware from server only if routers WAN is wired (if box is checked). 10.7 Reboot Reboot router by pressing button “Reboot”.
153 11 Device Recovery The following section describes available options for recovery of malfunctioning device. Usually device can become unreachable due to power failure during firmware upgrade or if its core files were wrongly modified in the file system. Teltonika’s routers offer several options for recovering from these situations. 11.1 Reset button Reset button is located on the back panel of the device. Reset button has several functions: Reboot the device. After the device has started and if the reset button is pressed for up to 4 seconds the device will reboot. Start of the reboot will be indicated by flashing of all 5 signal strength LEDs together with green connection status LED. Reset to defaults. After the device has started if the reset button is pressed for at least 5 seconds the device will reset all user changes to factory defaults and reboot. To help user to determine how long the reset button should be pressed, signal strength LEDs indicates the elapsed time. All 5 lit LEDs means that 5 seconds have passed and reset button can be released. Start of the reset to defaults will be indicated by flashing of all 5 signal strength LEDs together with red connection status LED. SIM PIN on the main SIM card is the only user parameter that is kept after reset to defaults. 11.2 Bootloader’s WebUI Bootloader also provides a way to recover the router functionality when the firmware is damaged. To make it easier to use bootloader has its own webserver that can be accessed with any web browser. Procedure for starting bootloader’s webserver: Automatically. It happens when bootloader does not detect master firmware. Flashing all 4 Ethernet LEDs indicate that bootloader’s webserver has started. Manually. Bootloader’s webserver can be requested by holding reset button for 3 seconds while powering the device on. Flashing all 4 Ethernet LEDs indicates that bootloader’s webserver has started. Bootloader’s WebUI can be accessed by typing this address in the web browser: http://192.168.1.1/index.html Note: it may be necessary to clear web browser’s cache and to use incognito/anonymous window to access bootloader’s WebUI.
154 12 Glossary WAN – Wide Area Network is a telecommunication network that covers a broad area (i.e., any network that links across metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries). Here we use the term WAN to mean the external network that the router uses to reach the internet. LAN – A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers in a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building. DHCP – The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network configuration protocol for hosts on Internet Protocol (IP) networks. Computers that are connected to IP networks must be configured before they can communicate with other hosts. The most essential information needed is an IP address, and a default route and routing prefix. DHCP eliminates the manual task by a network administrator. It also provides a central database of devices that are connected to the network and eliminates duplicate resource assignments. ETHERNET CABLE – Refers to the CAT5 UTP cable with an RJ-45 connector. AP – Access point. An access point is any device that provides wireless connectivity for wireless clients. In this case, when you enable Wi-Fi on your router, your router becomes an access point. DNS – Domain Name System. A server that translates names such as www.google.lt to their respective IPs. In order for your computer or router to communicate with some external server it needs to know it’s IP, its name “www.something.com” just won’t do. There are special servers set in place that perform this specific task of resolving names into IPs, called Domain Name servers. If you have no DNS specified you can still browse the web, provided that you know the IP of the website you are trying to reach. ARP – Short for Adress Resolution Protocol a network layer protocol used to convert an IP address into a physical address (called a DLC address), such as an Ethernet address. PPPoE – Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. PPPoE is a specification for connecting the users on an Ethernet to the internet through a common broadband medium, such as DSL line, wireless device or cable modem. DSL – digital subscriber line - it is a family of technologies that provide internet access by transmitting digital data using a local telephone network which uses the public switched telephone network. NAT – network address translation – an internet standard that enables a local-area network (LAN) to use one set of IP addresses for internet traffic and a second set of addresses for external traffic. LCP – Link Control Protocol – a protocol that is part of the PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol). The LCP checks the identity of the linked device and either accepts or rejects the peer device, determines the acceptable packet size for transmission, searches for errors in configuration and can terminate the link if the parameters are not satisfied. BOOTP – Bootstrap Protocol – an internet protocol that enables a diskless workstation to discover its own IP address, the IP address of a BOOTP server on the network, and a file to be loaded into memory to boot the machine. This enables the workstation to boot without requiring a hard or floppy disk drive. TCP – Transmission Control Protocol – one of the main protocols in TCP/IP networks. Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets, TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data. TCP guarantees delivery of data and also guarantees that packets will be delivered in the same order in which they were sent.
155 TKIP – Temporal Key Integrity Protocol – scrambles the keys using hashing algorithm and, by adding an integrity-checking feature, ensure that the keys haven’t been tampered with. CCMP – Counter Mode Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol – encryption protocol designed for Wireless LAN products that implement the standards of the IEEE 802.11i amendment to the original IEEE802.11 standard. CCMP is an enchanted data cryptographic encapsulation designed for data confidentiality and based upon the Counter Mode with CBC-MAC (CCM) of the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) standard. MAC – Media Access Control. Hardware address which uniquely identifies each node of the network. In IEEE 802 networks, the Data Link Control (DCL) layer of the PSO Reference Model is divided into two sub-layers: the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer and the Media Access Control layer. The MAC layer interfaces directly with the network medium. Consequently, each different type of network medium requires a different MAC layer. DMZ – Demilitarized Zone – a computer or small subnetwork that sits between a trusted internal network, such as a corporate private LAN, and an untrusted external network, such as the public internet. UDP – User Datagram Protocol – a connectionless protocol that, like TCP, runs on top of IP networks. Provides very few error recovery services, offering instead a direct way to send and receive datagrams over IP network. VPN – Virtual Private Network – a network that is constructed by using public wires — usually the Internet — to connect to a private network, such as a company's internal network. VRRP – Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol - an election protocol that dynamically assigns responsibility for one or more virtual router(s) to the VRRP router(s) on a LAN, allow several routers on a multiaccess link to utilize the same virtual IP address. GRE Tunnel – Generic Routing Encapsulation - a tunneling protocol developed by Cisco Systems that can encapsulate a wide variety of network layerprotocols inside virtual point-to-point links over an Internet Protocol internetwork. PPPD – Point to Point Protocol Daemon – it is used to manage network connections between two nodes on Unix-likeoperating systems. It is configured using command-line arguments and configuration files. SSH – Secure Shell - a program to log into another computer over a network, to execute commands in a remote machine, and to move files from one machine to another. It provides strong authentication and secure communications over insecure channels. VRRPD – Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol – it is designed to eliminate the single point of failure associated with statically routed networks by automatically providing failover using multiple LAN paths through alternate routers. SNMP – Simple Network Management Protocol - a set of protocols for managing complex networks. SNMP works by sending messages, called protocol data units (PDUs), to different parts of a network.
156 13 Changelog Nr. Date Version Comments 1 2017-02-01 1.34 2 2017-08-03 1.36 Page 2 3 2017-08-31 1.4

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