Tait TBCK4B Base Station Transceiver User Manual TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Tait Limited Base Station Transceiver TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Exhibit D Users Manual per 2 1033 c3

DRAFT 4 TB9400 base stationInstallation and Operation ManualDraft in ProgressMBC-00001-01Issue 1September 2011
DRAFT 4 2TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Contact InformationTait Radio CommunicationsCorporate Head OfficeTait Electronics LimitedP.O. Box 1645ChristchurchNew ZealandFor the address and telephone number of regional offices, refer to our website: www.taitradio.comCopyright and TrademarksAll information contained in this document is the property of Tait Electronics Limited. All rights reserved. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, stored, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form, without prior written permission from Tait Electronics Limited.The word TAIT and the TAIT logo are trademarks of Tait Electronics Limited.All trade names referenced are the service mark, trademark or registered trademark of the respective manufacturers.DisclaimerThere are no warranties extended or granted by this document. Tait Electronics Limited accepts no responsibility for damage arising from use of the information contained in the document or of the equipment and software it describes. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that use of such information, equipment and software complies with the laws, rules and regulations of the applicable jurisdictions.Enquiries and CommentsIf you have any enquiries regarding this document, or any comments, suggestions and notifications of errors, please contact your regional Tait office.Updates of Manual and EquipmentIn the interests of improving the performance, reliability or servicing of the equipment, Tait Electronics Limited reserves the right to update the equipment or this document or both without prior notice.Intellectual Property RightsThis product may be protected by one or more patents or designs of Tait Electronics Limited together with their international equivalents, pending patent or design applications, and registered trade marks: NZ409837, NZ409838, NZ508806, NZ508807, NZ509242, NZ509640, NZ509959, NZ510496, NZ511155, NZ511421, NZ516280/NZ519742, NZ520650/NZ537902, NZ521450, NZ522236, NZ524369, NZ524378, NZ524509, NZ524537, NZ524630, NZ530819, NZ534475, NZ534692, NZ535471, NZ537434, NZ546295, NZ547713, NZ569985, NZ577009, NZ579051, NZ579364, NZ580361, AU2003281447, AU2004216984, AU2005267973, AU11677/2008, AU13745/2008, CN200930004200.4, CN200930009301.0, CN1031871, CN1070368, EU000915475-0001, EU000915475-0002, GB2386010, GB23865476, GB2413249, GB2413445, US5745840, US7411461, US7649893, US10/523952, US10/546696, US10/546697, US10/547964, US10/597339, US11/572700, US29/306491, US61/218015, US61/236663, US61/238769, US61/251372.This product may also be made under license under one or more of the following U.S. Patents: 4,590,473 4,636,791 4,716,407 4,972,460 5,146,497 5,148,482 5,164,986 5,185,795 5,185,796 5,271,017 5,377,229 5,502,767.The IMBE™ voice coding Technology embodied in this product is protected by intellectual property rights including patent rights, copyrights and trade secrets of Digital Voice Systems, Inc. This voice coding Technology is licensed solely for use within this Communications Equipment. The user of this Technology is explicitly prohibited from attempting to decompile, reverse engineer, or disassemble the Object Code, or in any other way convert the Object Code into a human-readable form. Protected by U.S. Patents 5,870,405 5,826,222 5,754,974 5,701,390 5,715,365 5,649,050 5,630,011 5,581,656 5,517,511 5,491,772 5,247,579 5,226,084 and 5,195,166.Environmental ResponsibilitiesTait Electronics Limited is an environmentally responsible company which supports waste minimization, material recovery and restrictions in the use of hazardous materials. The European Union’s Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive requires that this product be disposed of separately from the general waste stream when its service life is over. For more information about how to dispose of your unwanted Tait product, visit the Tait Electronics WEEE website at www.taitradio.com/weee. Please be environmentally responsible and dispose through the original supplier, or contact Tait Electronics Limited.Tait Electronics Limited also complies with the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS) Directive in the European Union.In China, we comply with the Measures for Administration of the Pollution Control of Electronic Information Products. We will comply with environmental requirements in other markets as they are introduced.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 3© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011ContentsPreface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Scope of Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Associated Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Publication Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.2 Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.3 Mechanical Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171.5 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171.6 Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181.7 Theory of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191.7.1 Signal Paths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211.7.2 Online and Offline Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211.7.3 Intermodule Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221.7.4 Power Management and Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231.7.5 PMU Operation on DC Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.7.6 Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 General Safety and Regulatory Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.1 Personal Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.1.2 Lethal Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.1.3 AC Power Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.1.4 Explosive Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.1.5 Proximity to RF Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.1.6 High Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.1.7 LED Safety (EN60825-1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302.2 Equipment Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.2.1 Installation and Servicing Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.2.2 Preventing Damage to the PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.2.3 ESD Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312.2.4 Anti-tampering Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.3 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.3.1 Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.3.2 Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.3.3 Dust and Dirt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.4 Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332.4.1 Distress Frequencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332.4.2 FCC Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332.4.3 Unauthorized Modifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
DRAFT 4 4TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20112.4.4 Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe. . . . . . . . 343 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353.1 Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363.2 Module Indicator LEDs and Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403.2.1 Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403.2.2 PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423.2.3 PMU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 Working with Base Stations from Your PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454.1 PC Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464.2 Connecting Your PC to the Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464.2.1 Logging In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474.2.2 Setting the IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484.2.3 Responding to Security Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494.2.4 Connecting a Networked PC to a Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504.2.5 Troubleshooting Connection Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514.2.6 Finding a Lost or Forgotten IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524.3 Working with the Web Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534.3.1 Monitoring Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544.3.2 Viewing Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554.3.3 Viewing the Base Station and Network Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574.4 Basic Tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584.4.1 User Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584.4.2 Taking the Base Station Offline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584.4.3 Troubleshooting Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584.4.4 Working with Configuration Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594.4.5 Configuring Single Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594.4.6 Configuring Base Stations in a Channel Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604.4.7 Setting Up Custom Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604.4.8 Disabling the Front Panel Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604.4.9 Preparing to Download Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.1 Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.1.1 Equipment Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.1.2 Grounding and Lightning Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.1.3 Equipment Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645.1.4 Ambient Temperature Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645.1.5 Cabinet and Rack Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655.2 Unpacking and Moving the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675.3 Identifying the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695.4 Initial Setting Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715.4.1 Confirming Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715.4.2 Customizing the Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735.4.3 Changing the Root Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745.4.4 Tuning the Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 5© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.5 Installing the Base Station on Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755.5.1 Base Stations for Trunked Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755.5.2 Equipment Required. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755.5.3 Mounting the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765.6 Connecting Up the Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805.6.1 Connection Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805.6.2 Connecting AC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815.6.3 Connecting DC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825.6.4 Connecting the Auxiliary DC Power Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835.6.5 Connecting RF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 845.6.6 Connecting an External Frequency Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855.6.7 Connecting a 1PPS Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865.6.8 Ethernet Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865.6.9 Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 876 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918 Replacing Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 938.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 948.2 Preliminary Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 958.3 Replacing a Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 978.4 Replacing a Power Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 998.5 Replacing a Power Management Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1018.6 Replacing the Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1028.7 Replacing the Module Guide Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1058.8 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1068.9 Final Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109System Interface Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109Ethernet Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109PMU Auxiliary DC Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111Dual 50W Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Single 50W Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112100W Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113TaitNet P25 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115Tait Software License Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129
DRAFT 4 6Preface TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011PrefaceScope of ManualThis manual provides information on installing and operating the TB9400 base station. It is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with installing and operating base station equipment. It also includes configuration, maintenance and troubleshooting information.Document ConventionsThe TB9400 base station has a web interface with an accordion menu on the left side of the screen. “Configure > Base Station > Channels” means click Configure in the top-level menu, then in the expanded Configure menu click the + icon beside Base Station to expand its menu tree, and finally click Channels in this menu tree to display its page.Within this manual, four types of alerts are given to the reader: Warning, Caution, Important and Note. The following paragraphs illustrate each type of alert and its associated symbol.Warning!! This alert is used when there is a potential risk of death or serious injury.Caution This alert is used when there is a risk of minor or moderate injury to people.Important This alert is used to warn about the risk of equipment dam-age or malfunction.Note This alert is used to highlight information that is required to ensure procedures are performed correctly.?These alert icons & definitions will change.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Preface 7© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Associated DocumentationThe current set of TB9400 product documentation is provided in PDF format on the product DVD. Updates are made available on the Tait support website. Printed copies of the documentation are available on request. ■TB9400 Specifications Manual (MBC-00002-xx).■TaitNet P25 System Manual (MBA-00032-xx).■T801-4 GPS Frequency Reference Installation and Operation Manual (MBA-00033-xx).Technical notes are published from time to time to describe applications for Tait products, to provide technical details not included in manuals, and to offer solutions for any problems that arise. The product DVD includes technical notes that were available at the time of release. Look for new or updated technical notes on the Tait support website. Publication RecordIssue Publication Date Description1 First release
DRAFT 4 8Preface TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 9© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111 DescriptionThe Tait TB9400 base station is a robust state-of-the-art digital fixed station that combines Tait’s proven strengths in reliability, high performance and modular design with software-based configurability and operation, digital signal processing and voice-over-IP technology.The base station is designed for operation in a Project 25 trunked or trunked simulcast radio network. The ability of the base station to link stations using standard Internet Protocol communications, and to add features through software options ensures that P25 systems designed with the TB9400 are scalable in both size and functionality. The base station combines industry-leading digital voice quality with rugged design specifications and intuitive user interfaces. These products have been designed to meet the demanding needs of the public safety and public service sectors.Its Ethernet interface provides built-in network connectivity, allowing the TB9400 to join with other TB9400 base stations to form a channel group. This network supports voice over IP and remote management of all base stations via a web browser.
DRAFT 4 10 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.1 FeaturesThe following are some of the features of the base station:■Fully compliant with the Project 25 Common Air Interface. Can therefore interoperate with any similarly compliant radios.■Integrated built-in voting facility. No external voter is needed.■Can be completely managed remotely from a PC running a web browser: configuration, alarm monitoring, fault diagnosis, feature and firmware upgrades.■An integrated wiring solution is provided for the system control bus and DC power connections to each module in the subrack.■Reciters can be replaced without affecting the operation of other reciters in the same subrack.■Rugged construction with generous heatsinks and fan-forced cooling for continuous operation from – 30° C to + 60° C (– 22° F to + 140° F).
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 11© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.2 ModulesThe base station consists of a subrack with up to two transmit/receive channels.The single PMU (power management unit) supplies and manages power to the whole subrack (refer to “Theory of Operation” on page 19). One reciter and one PA (power amplifier) are needed for each transmit/receive channel. There is also a front panel with user controls and fans. The modules are interconnected at the front of the subrack. External connections to the modules are located at the rear.Modules come in different variants depending, for example, on the RF band or the supply voltage. Each module is inserted into the 4 U subrack from the front and is secured at the front with a metal clamp. Both clamp and module are easily removed for rapid module replacement. The modules are secured laterally with plastic guides that clip into the top and bottom of the subrack. These guides can be easily repositioned to change the configuration of a subrack. The heavier modules are also secured laterally by metal tabs at the rear of the subrack.The following provides a brief description of the available modules.Reciter The reciter module comprises the receiver, exciter and digital control circuitry. The reciter provides the Ethernet interface and system inputs and outputs.
DRAFT 4 12 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Power Amplifier The PA amplifies the RF output from the reciter and is available in 50 W and 100 W models.The 50 W model mounts vertically in the subrack, while the 100 W model mounts horizontally as it has a wider heatsink. The 100 W PA is also fitted with an airflow duct.Both models are designed to operate on the 28 VDC output provided by the PMU. Power Management Unit The PMU provides the 28 VDC power supply for the modules in the subrack. The input voltage can be AC, DC or both AC and DC, depending on the model. The PMU also has an auxiliary DC output of 13.65 VDC, 27.3 VDC, or 54.6 VDC, depending on the model.50 W PA 100 W PAAC and DC PMU shown
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 13© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Front Panel The front panel is mounted onto the subrack with two quick-release fasteners. It incorporates the indicator LEDs, four-line LCD display, user controls and cooling fans.The indicator LEDS allow some monitoring of the operational status of the base station. The user controls and display allow the technician to configure the IP address of each module. Refer to “Front Panel” on page 36 for more information.Note The microphone input and speaker are not used in this release of the TB9400.Subrack The 4 U subrack is made of passivated steel and is designed to fit into a standard 19 inch rack or cabinet. The subrack is fitted with an interconnect board that connects the system control bus and power to the modules and front panel. The position of a module in the subrack is defined by the socket on the subrack interconnect board to which the module is connected by the system control bus.
DRAFT 4 14 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.3 Mechanical AssemblyThis section illustrates the main mechanical components of the base station. Figure 1.1 below shows the configuration for a typical dual 50 W base station. The PMU occupies the slot at the left end of the subrack, with the reciter and PA pairs to the right of it. Each PA is mounted vertically with its heatsink facing its associated reciter. The PMU and each reciter/PA pair have their own cooling fans.The front panel can be easily removed from the subrack by undoing two quick-release fasteners. Refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 93 for more details..Figure 1.1 Mechanical assembly - dual 50 W base station with front panelbfront panel ireciter 1csubrack jmodule retaining clampdPMU 1) subrack interconnect boardePA 2 1! plastic guide railfreciter 2 1@ subrack interconnect board retaining clampgcable retaining clip 1# front panel fastenerhPA 1bcdefghij1)1!1@1#
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 15© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Figure 1.2 below shows the configuration for a typical single 50 W base station. The PMU occupies its usual slot at the left end of the subrack, with the reciter and PA pair at the right of the subrack. The PA is mounted vertically with its heatsink facing the reciter. The PMU and the reciter/PA pair have their own cooling fans.Figure 1.2 Mechanical assembly - single 50 W base stationbPMU dreciterc50 W PA esubrackbcde
DRAFT 4 16 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Figure 1.3 below shows the configuration for a typical 100 W base station. The PMU occupies its usual slot at the left end of the subrack, with the PA directly beside it. The reciter occupies the slot at the right of the subrack. Unlike the 50 W PAs, the 100 W PA is mounted horizontally with the heatsink facing upwards. It is also fitted with an airflow duct to channel the airflow from the cooling fan through the heatsink fins.Figure 1.3 Mechanical assembly - single 100 W base stationbPMU erecitercPA fsubrackdairflow duct gcable retaining clipbcdefg
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 17© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bandsThe first release of the base station operates only on K band. Later releases will support operation on other frequency bands.1.5 ApplicationsThe TB9400 is designed for operation in a TaitNet P25 trunked radio network. It can operate as a single base station or as part of a channel group or simulcast channel group, and as a traffic channel or control channel. In a trunked simulcast network, the transmitters in the channel group are synchronized and transmit simultaneously on the same frequency. Each transmitter needs a highly accurate 1 PPS pulse and an external frequency reference, so that it can time transmissions with the required accuracy. We also recommend using an NTP server at each site, as this will ensure a common timestamp in logs across all units in the system.For more information, refer to the TaitNet P25 System Manual.Frequency Identification Frequency Band and Sub-bandK band K4 = 762 MHz to 870 MHzaa. The actual frequency coverage in this band is:Transmit: 762 MHz to 776 MHz, and 850 MHz to 870 MHz Receive: 792 MHz to 824 MHz
DRAFT 4 18 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.6 LicensesSome operational functions of the base station are controlled by licenses. These functions will not work unless you purchase the appropriate feature license and enable the feature set controlled by that license. The feature sets currently available are listed below.P25 Common Air Interface Allows the base station to go into Online mode. Base stations are always provided with this license.P25 Trunking Operation Allows a base station to participate in a trunking system. Without this feature, the base station cannot provide a control or a status connection to a trunking site controller and it cannot function as a control or traffic channel.Networking with Centralized Voter Allows the base station to act as a central voter within its channel group. This feature also allows voice networking. Only base stations that will centrally vote (normally the central voter and its backup) need this feature. The other members of the channel group only need the networking with distributed voter feature. A standard trunked base station (standalone without fill-in repeaters or other channel group members) can function as a master or a failsoft repeater without this license. Simulcast Transmitter This feature is required in base stations that have transmitters and belong to a simulcast network.Simulcast Modulation Allows the base station to transmit using the LSM modulation scheme. This scheme is designed to minimize performance degradation in simulcast channels caused by delay spread.Failsoft for P25 Trunking Allows trunked channels that become isolated from a site controller to perform simple conventional operation and to interface to a digital dispatch system. If a trunked channel consists of several base stations in a channel group, only the central voter (normally the master) needs this license. It is then able to become the failsoft repeater for that channel group. Phase 2 Operation (not yet available) This feature will allow the base station to operate in trunking mode using two-slot TDMA as defined by the P25 Phase 2 standard.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 19© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.7 Theory of OperationThe reciter receives RF signals from its RF input and sends RF from its RF output to the PA, along with a PA key signal. The PA sends an RF feedback signal to the reciter for linearization and power control purposes. The reciter also receives signals from, and sends signals to, the system interface, the Ethernet interface, and the front panel (see Figure 1.4).A system control bus interconnects the modules and carries alarm and control signaling between the reciter and the other modules. The Ethernet interface carries voice over IP and also allows maintainer access via a web browser. Figure 1.4 Base station high-level diagramReciterPMU PARF ToAntennaRF FromAntenna 1PPS*ExternalReferenceFrequency*AC InputDC Input28VDCSystem Control BusRF + PA KeyRF FeedbackSystem Inputand OutputEthernet Interfaceto NetworkFrontPanel*optional for non-simulcast systems
DRAFT 4 20 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011The reciter carries out signal processing and has overall control of the base station. It has four boards, as shown in Figure 1.5.The receiver board contains all the receiver circuitry, while the exciter circuitry is located on the transmit forward board.The reciter control board converts information between analog and digital and controls the maintainer’s access via the front panel. It performs the air interface signal processing for digital P25 mode, gives the base station an identity as a network element, and provides the physical connections for the Ethernet and system interfaces.Figure 1.5 Reciter boardsRF InputRF Input(feedbackfrom PA)RF OutputReceiverBoardTransmitForwardBoardTransmitReverseBoardFrontPanelReciterControlBoardMaintainer AccessSystem Inputand OutputEthernet Interfaceto Network
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 21© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.7.1 Signal PathsFigure 1.6 gives an overview of signal paths within the reciter. Digital P25 signals from the receive RF interface pass through the digital receiver and P25 modem to the control software in the RISC processor. The control software passes the signal through the Ethernet interface to the site controller, or to the central voter in a simulcast system.Input to the Ethernet interface can be from the site controller, or from the central voter in a simulcast system. These inputs are processed by the RISC and passed through the P25 modem to the transmitter. If the base station is itself a central voter, this input can also be a received signal, which is voted on and sent back through the Ethernet interface to the site controller.1.7.2 Online and Offline ModesThe base station normally operates in Online mode, but you can put it into Offline mode via its web interface.Online Mode In Online mode, the base station performs its normal functions. Offline Mode When you program the base station or run invasive diagnostic tests, the base station must be in Offline mode. This takes the base station out of service. However, the front panel is still operational and can be used in the normal way. Figure 1.6 Reciter signal pathsModulatorDemodulatorP25ModemCartesianLoopControlADCADCDDCDACRTPUDPIPTransmitRF InterfaceTransmitRF Interface(feedbackfrom PA)ReceiveRF InterfaceEthernetInterfaceProtocolStackReciter Control Board
DRAFT 4 22 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.7.3 Intermodule CommunicationsA system control bus and a subrack interconnect board link the modules in the subrack and carry alarm and control signaling between the reciter and the other modules, as shown in Figure 1.7.Figure 1.7 Intermodule communication pathsFanFanFanI C2RS-485RS-485RS-485RS-485I C2FanPA FanPMU FanFanPA 1μPSubrack Interconnect BoardPA 2μPReciter 1μPFront PanelPMUFanReciter 1/PA 1 FanReciter 2/PA 2 FanReciter 2μPUserControlsPMUμPI C CurrentSource2
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 23© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.7.4 Power Management and DistributionThe PMU manages the supply of power to ensure uninterrupted operation of the base station. A range of parameters is monitored and these can trigger alarms that are sent to the reciter. Alarms can be monitored via the web interface, and are also recorded in the reciter’s internal log file.AC to DC Changeover When the PMU has an AC and a DC module, the base station can be powered by either the AC (mains) or the DC (battery) supply. The base station will default to the AC supply if both supplies are provided. If the AC supply becomes unavailable, a seamless changeover from the AC to DC supply takes place, providing that the battery voltage is above the configured minimum. You can use a web browser to check whether the base station is running on battery or mains power.DC Operation When the base station is running off the DC supply and the battery voltage falls below the configured minimum, the base station will enter battery protection mode to protect the battery and base station equipment. The standby power supply card maintains the power to the PMU microprocessor, while the rest of the PMU is shut down. When the battery voltage rises to the configured startup setting, power is resumed to the DC supply. Refer to “PMU Operation on DC Input” on page 25 for more detailed information.Auxiliary Power Control The output from the auxiliary power supply board can be used to power other site equipment. The maximum output is 40 W.Distribution Figure 1.8 shows how power is distributed to modules in the subrack. The 28 VDC output from the PMU is fed directly to the 100 W PA and 50 W PA1, and to the other modules via the subrack interconnect board. Power to the reciters and front panel is current-limited by self-resetting fuses on the subrack board.The AC converter has a series switch which breaks the phase input to the converter. The DC input, however, has much higher current ratings. Its switch does not disconnect power from the DC converter itself, but disables the converter by switching off its control circuitry.The outputs from both the AC and DC high power converters are added together and fed to the modules via the high-current outputs. The auxiliary output is also tapped off this summed output.
DRAFT 4 24 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Figure 1.8 Subrack power distribution for single and dual base stationsDC AC28VAux. DC 28VPMUPA ReciterSubrackBoardFrontPanelDC AC28VAux. DC 28VPMUPA 1 PA 2 Reciter 1SubrackBoardReciter 2 FrontPanelSingleDual
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 25© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.7.5 PMU Operation on DC InputThe operation of the PMU on DC input is controlled by three sets of parameters:■user-programmable alarms■user-programmable startup and shutdown limits■battery protection limitsThe voltage range for each of these parameters is provided in Table 1.1 on page 26. Figure 1.9 on page 27 illustrates how these parameters interact, and how they control the operation of the PMU over a range of DC input voltages.Alarms User-programmable alarms can be set for low or high battery voltage (Configure > Alarms > Thresholds). The alarms will be triggered when the set voltage levels are reached. These limits are subject to the tolerances of the battery protection circuitry, as stated in “Battery Protection (Fail-safe) Limits” in Table 1.1.Startup and Shutdown Limits The user-programmable startup and shutdown limits allow for adjustable startup and shutdown voltages (Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous). These limits can be adjusted for different numbers of battery cells, or for the particular requirements of the base station operation. Once the limits are reached, the PMU will shut down. These limits are subject to the tolerances of the battery protection circuitry, as stated in “Battery Protection (Fail-safe) Limits” in Table 1.1.Important It is possible to set the startup voltage of the base station below the nominal voltage of the battery. Continuing to use a battery for extended periods when it is below its nominal voltage will severely shorten its service life. For more infor-mation on battery management, we recommend that you consult the battery manufacturer.Battery Protection Limits The battery protection limits are set in hardware at the factory, and cannot be adjusted by the user. These limits will not be reached under normal operation conditions, but are provided as “fail-safe” measures to protect the battery from deep discharge. They also remove the need for low-voltage disconnect modules.
DRAFT 4 26 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Table 1.1 PMU DC voltage limitsaParameterVoltage Range12 V PMU 24 V PMU 48 V PMUUser-programmable AlarmsbLow Battery VoltageHigh Battery Voltage10 V to 14 V14 V to 17.5 V20 V to 28 V28 V to 35 V40 V to 56 V56 V to 70 VUser-programmable LimitsbcStartup Voltage (after shutdown)Shutdown Voltage10.9 V to 15 V ± 0.3 V10 V to 13.5 V ± 0.3 V21.8 V to 30 V ± 0.3 V20 V to 27 V ± 0.3 V43.6 V to 60 V ± 0.3 V40 V to 54 V ± 0.3 VBattery Protection (Fail-safe) LimitsStartup VoltageUndervoltage ShutdownOvervoltage ShutdownOvervoltage Shutdown Reset10.8 V +0.2 V9.5 V +0.3 V18.1 V +0.3 V17.1 V +0.3 V21.6 V +0.5 V19 V +0.5 V36.2 V +0.5 V34.2 V +0.5 V43.2 V +1 V38 V +1 V72.4 V +1 V68.4 V +1 Va. The information in this table is extracted from the Specifications Manual. Refer to the latest issue of this manual for the most up-to-date and complete PMU specifications.b. Using the base station’s web interface.c. These limits are subject to the tolerances of the battery protection circuitry.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 27© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Figure 1.9 PMU alarm thresholds and voltage limits when operating on DCTime0VDC Input VoltageOvervoltage Shutdown (HW)Undervoltage Shutdown (HW)Overvoltage Shutdown Reset (HW)High Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)Low Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)Startup Voltage (SW)Shutdown Voltage (SW)Startup Voltage (HW)RunRunStopStopActiveActiveOffOffSoftware Control &Hardware CombinedHardware BehaviourSoftware Alarm(Low Battery Voltage)Software Alarm(High Battery Voltage)30s delay 30s delay 30s delay
DRAFT 4 28 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20111.7.6 Front Panel FansThe front panel is equipped with three fans. One fan is for the PMU and the other two are for the reciter/PA pairs in a 50 W base station, or for the PA and reciter in a 100 W base station. Front panel fans do not operate continuously but are switched on and off as needed by the reciter firmware. Each reciter controls the fan it shares with its PA, and reciter 1 also controls the PMU fan. Under certain conditions the PMU and each PA can override the reciter and assume control of its own fan.Front panel fans are 3-wire fans (power, ground, and rotation detect). The reciter can monitor whether the fans are rotating and generate an alarm if the fan fails.The fans turn on for a few seconds when the base station is powered up, and also after the front panel is refitted to a base station which is powered up. Configuring Fan Control The operation of the PA fan is configurable via the web interface; you can specify the threshold temperature at which the fan will be turned on, and set the fan to operate only when the PA is transmitting.The PMU fan has fixed on/off thresholds and a defined set of duty cycles based on the PMU temperature, as described in the following table:PMU Temperature Fan Duty Cycle<149 °F (65 °C) Increases as the load on the PMU increases149-167 °F (65-75 °C) On for two minutes, off for one minute>167 °F (75 °C) Always on
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 29© Tait Electronics Limited September 20112 General Safety and Regulatory InformationThis chapter provides general information on safety precautions for operating the base station.2.1 Personal Safety2.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the EquipmentTo prevent personal injury and equipment damage, we recommend that two people unpack and move the equipment. Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with packaging. We recommend that you have another person help you unpack and move the equipment. The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to move the equipment once it has been unpacked. If necessary, remove the modules from the subrack before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 93). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.2.1.2 Lethal VoltagesWarning!! The PMU contains voltages that may be lethal. Refer to the ratings label on the rear of the module.The equipment must be installed so that the rear of the PMU is located in a service access area which is accessible only by qualified personnel. The PMU must be connected to the mains supply source by qualified personnel in accordance with local and national regulations.Disconnect the mains IEC connector and wait for five minutes for the internal voltages to self-discharge before dismantling. The AC power on/off switch does not isolate the PMU from the mains. It breaks only the phase circuit, not the neutral.The PMU should be serviced only by qualified technicians. There are no user-replaceable parts inside. If the PMU is damaged and does not function
DRAFT 4 30 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011properly, stop the module safely and contact your regional Tait office immediately.All servicing should be carried out only when the PMU is powered through a mains isolating transformer of sufficient rating.2.1.3 AC Power Connection2.1.4 Explosive EnvironmentsWarning!! Do not operate the equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere. Operating the equipment in these environments is a definite safety hazard.2.1.5 Proximity to RF TransmissionsDo not operate the transmitter when someone is standing within 3 ft (90 cm) of the antenna. Do not operate the transmitter unless you have checked that all RF connectors are secure.2.1.6 High TemperaturesTake care when handling a PMU or PA which has been operating recently. Under extreme operating conditions (+ 140° F [+60° C] ambient air temperature) or high duty cycles, the external surfaces of the PMU and PA can reach temperatures of up to + 176° F (+ 80° C).2.1.7 LED Safety (EN 60825-1)This equipment contains Class 1 LED Products.English (en) The PMU must be connected to a grounded mains socket-outlet.Norsk (no) Apparatet må tilkoples jordet stikkontakt.Suomi (fi) Laite on liitettävä suojamaadoitus-koskettimilla varustettuun pistorasiaan.Svenska (sv) Apparaten skall anslutas till jordat uttag.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 31© Tait Electronics Limited September 20112.2 Equipment Safety2.2.1 Installation and Servicing PersonnelThe equipment should be installed and serviced only by qualified personnel.2.2.2 Preventing Damage to the PAThe base station has been designed to operate safely under a wide range of antenna loading conditions. Transmitting into a low VSWR will maximize the power delivered to the antenna.Important Do not remove the load from the PA while it is transmitting.Load transients (switching or removing the load) or atmospheric disturbances (for example rain static and electrical storms) can damage the PA output stage. See “Connecting RF” on page 84 for recommendations. 2.2.3 ESD PrecautionsImportant This equipment contains devices which are susceptible to damage from static charges. You must handle these devices carefully and according to the procedures described in the manufacturers’ data books.We recommend you purchase an antistatic bench kit from a reputable manufacturer and install and test it according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Figure 2.1 shows a typical antistatic bench set-up.You can obtain further information on antistatic precautions and the dangers of electrostatic discharge (ESD) from standards such as ANSI/ESD S20.20-1999 or BS EN 100015-4 1994. Figure 2.1 Typical antistatic bench set-upcommon point ground (building ground or mains ground)conductive wrist strapdissipative rubber bench mat
DRAFT 4 32 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20112.2.4 Anti-tampering DevicesAll network elements should be physically secured, where possible. This includes the use of locked cabinets and the use of seals on connectors.All network and audio connectors should be sealed with the stick-on type of seal. The purpose of the seals is to detect unauthorized tampering. The seal should reveal if any of the connectors have been unplugged or if any unauthorized equipment has been plugged in.The seals must be difficult to remove without breaking, and must bridge between the cable and equipment side (plug and socket) of the connection.Seals must cover any unused network or audio sockets. This includes the Ethernet connector on the rear panel, any spare switch ports, and the console port on the router and switch.The seals must be difficult to reproduce. A sticker initialed or signed by the technician should satisfy this.Seals must be replaced if they need to be disturbed during maintenance.2.3 Environmental Conditions2.3.1 Operating Temperature RangeThe operating temperature range of the equipment is – 22°F to + 140°F (– 30°C to + 60°C) ambient temperature. Ambient temperature is defined as the temperature of the air at the intake to the cooling fans.2.3.2 HumidityThe humidity should not exceed 95% relative humidity through the specified operating temperature range.2.3.3 Dust and DirtFor uncontrolled environments, the level of airborne particulates must not exceed 100 µg/m3.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 33© Tait Electronics Limited September 20112.4 Regulatory Information2.4.1 Distress FrequenciesThe 406 to 406.1 MHz frequency range is reserved worldwide for use by Distress Beacons. Do not program transmitters to operate in this frequency range.2.4.2 FCC ComplianceThis equipment complies with:■CFR Title 47 Part 15 Class B (except PMU):Radiated and conducted emissions, and electromagnetic susceptibility specifications of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules for the United States. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: a. This device may not cause harmful interference, and b. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.■CFR Title 47 Part 15 Class A (PMU only):Radiated and conducted emissions, and electromagnetic susceptibility specifications of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules for the United States. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: a. This device may not cause harmful interference, and b. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.2.4.3 Unauthorized ModificationsAny modifications you make to this equipment which are not authorized by Tait Electronics Limited may invalidate your compliance authority’s approval to operate the equipment.
DRAFT 4 34 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20112.4.4 Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in EuropeIn the European Community, radio and telecommunications equipment is regulated by Directive 1999/5/EC, also known as Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) directive. The requirements of this directive include protection of health and safety of users, as well as electromagnetic compatibility.Intended Purpose of Product This product is a radio transceiver. It is intended for radio communications in the Private Mobile Radio (PMR) or Public Access Mobile Radio (PAMR) services, to be used in all member states of the European Union (EU) and states within the European Economic Area (EEA). This product can be programmed to transmit on frequencies that are not harmonized throughout the EU/EEA, and will require a licence to operate in each member state.Declaration of Conformity You can download the formal Declaration of Conformity from http://eudocs.taitradio.com/. You can also obtain a signed and dated paper copy of the Declaration of Conformity from Tait Electronics Limited.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 35© Tait Electronics Limited September 20113 OperationThis section describes the user controls and indicator LEDs on the front panel and on the base station modules.
DRAFT 4 36 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20113.1 Front PanelThe user controls and indicator LEDs on the front panel are shown in Figure 3.1. They allow some manual control over the base station and monitoring of its operational status.Note If there is more that one reciter in a subrack, inputs from all recit-ers are summed to drive the front panel LEDs.Speaker and Microphone ConnectorThe speaker and microphone connector are not used in this release of the base station.Power LED The green power LED is lit when power is supplied to the subrack.Alarm LED The red alarm LED will flash at a rate of 2 to 5 Hz when an alarm has been generated by any of the base station modules. It will continue to flash until the alarm is canceled or the fault is fixed. Note that only those alarms which are enabled using the web interface will cause this LED to flash.Figure 3.1 Operating controls on the control panelbspeaker freceive LEDcmicrophone connector gtransmit LEDdpower LED hkeypadealarm LED idisplaybcdefgi hb cdeLED DescriptionOn (steady) The base station is in Offline mode (regardless of the presence of any fault).Flashing The base station is in Online mode, and one or more faults are present.Off The base station is in Online mode, and no faults are present.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 37© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Receive LED The amber receive LED indicates whether the base station is receiving a valid RF signal.Transmit LED The amber transmit LED is lit while the transmitter is transmitting.Keypad The keypad is used to navigate the base station’s menus, enter text, and to adjust the contrast of the display. The complete list of menu items is provided in “Menu Map” on page 39. If required, the keypad can be disabled in the web interface to prevent access to the base station via the front panel menus (see “Disabling the Front Panel Keypad” on page 60). Note Unlike a computer keyboard, the keys do not auto-repeat. Each action requires a separate key-press.fLED DescriptionOn (steady) The base station is receiving a valid RF signal.Off The base station is not receiving a valid RF signal.ghKey Name Functionleft and right arrow keys■Move the cursor to the left or right when entering text. Moving the cursor beyond the end of a line will return it to the other end of the same line.■Decrease or increase the contrast in the Display Contrast screen.scroll keys ■Scroll up and down through a list of menu items.■Scroll up and down through the list of available characters when entering text.■Increase or decrease the contrast in the Display Contrast screen.OK ■Selects the highlighted menu item.■Confirms any adjustments made and exits to the previous menu.■When setting the IP address, moves the cursor down one line. When all the IP addresses are confirmed, exits to the previous menu.home ■Returns to the idle screen from any other menu.return ■Returns to the previous menu.■Moves the cursor up one line in the IP address screen. When the top line is reached, pressing again returns to the previous menu.OK
DRAFT 4 38 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Display The display is used in conjunction with the keypad to access the base station’s menus. It allows the technician to configure the IP address of each reciter (refer to “Setting the IP Address” on page 48), and to set the contrast of the display (see below).After the base station is powered up, the display shows “Please wait . . .” while the base station is starting up, followed by the idle screen when the start-up process is complete. If the front panel loses communication with reciter 1, the display also shows “Please wait . . .”, and the alarm LED flashes. If the base station is activating new firmware, the display is blank and the power LED flashes. The idle screen shows four lines of user-defined text, which can be entered via the web interface (Identity > Identity > Base Station Identity). From the idle screen press an arrow key, a scroll key or OK to go to the base station menu. The display returns to the idle screen from any other screen 30 seconds after the last key press. Press any key to turn on the backlight. The backlight turns off 30 seconds after the last key press. Note If the keypad has been disabled, pressing an arrow key, a scroll key or OK will cause the display to show “Keypad Disabled”.Set the display contrast as follows:1. From the base station menu select Modules > Front Panel > Contrast.2. To increase the contrast, press the right arrow or scroll up key. To decrease the contrast, press the left arrow or scroll down key.3. When the contrast is set to the required level, press OK to save the changes and exit the menu.i
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 39© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Menu Map The menu map below shows the menu items available in this release of the base station. Note The menu map shown is for a single base station. The menu items available in your base station will depend on the modules present in the subrack.ModulesReciter 1Reciter 2Front PanelBase StationModulesReciter 1View Reciter 1 AddressEdit Reciter 1 AddressFront PanelContrastIdle ScreenContrastView Reciter 1 AddressIP: 172.025.198.043MASK: 255.255.000.000GW: 172.025.002.251Edit Reciter 1 AddressIP: 172.025.198.043MASK: 255.255.000.000GW: 172.025.002.2511
DRAFT 4 40 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20113.2 Module Indicator LEDs and SwitchesAdditional status information is displayed by LEDs in individual modules. The PMU also has switches that let you turn the AC and DC modules off. 3.2.1 ReciterFront View The indicator LEDs on the front of the reciter are visible through a slot in its front panel.These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the reciter:■steady green - the reciter is powered up■flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the web interface to find out more details about the alarms.Figure 3.2 Indicator LEDs on the front of the reciterbindicator LEDsb
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 41© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Rear View The indicator LEDs on the rear of the reciter are on the Ethernet connector.These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the reciter:■steady amber - the Ethernet interface is connected■flashing green - data is being transmitted across the Ethernet interface.Figure 3.3 Indicator LEDs on the rear of the reciterbindicator LEDsb
DRAFT 4 42 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20113.2.2 PAThe indicator LEDs on the PA are visible through a slot in its front panel.Indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the PA:■steady green - the PA is powered up■flashing green - the PA has no application firmware loaded or activated; you can use the web interface to download or activate the firmware; also see “Preparing to Download Firmware” on page 61■flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the web interface to find out more details about the alarms.Note The alarm LED will flash whenever an alarm is generated, whether or not this alarm has been disabled via the web interface.Figure 3.4 Indicator LEDs on the PAbindicator LEDsb50 W PA 100 W PA
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 43© Tait Electronics Limited September 20113.2.3 PMUThe only controls on the PMU are the on/off switches on the rear panel for the AC and DC modules, and the indicator LEDs visible through a slot in its front panel.Warning!! The AC and DC module on/off switches do not totally isolate the internal circuitry of the PMU from the AC or DC power supplies. You must disconnect the AC and DC supplies from the PMU before dismantling or carrying out any maintenance. Refer to the service manual for the correct servicing procedures.AC Module On/Off Switch This switch turns the AC input to the PMU on and off. Note that this switch breaks only the phase circuit, not the neutral.Note On switches fitted to PMUs up to November 2008, the red button is “in” when on, and “out” when off. On switches fitted from November 2008 onwards, the red button remains “out” whether on or off.Figure 3.5 Operating controls on the PMUbAC module on/off switch dindicator LEDscDC module on/off switchbcrear viewdfront view
DRAFT 4 44 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011DC Module On/Off Switch This switch turns the DC output from the PMU on and off. Note that this switch does not disconnect power from the DC converter itself. It disables the converter by switching off its control circuitry. Even when the DC converter is off, the DC input is still connected to its power circuitry. The switch is recessed to prevent the DC module being accidentally switched off, thus disabling the battery back-up supply. Indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the PMU:■steady green - the PMU is powered up■flashing green - the PMU has no application firmware loaded or activated; you can use the web interface to download or activate the firmware; also see “Preparing to Download Firmware” on page 61■flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the web interface to find out more details about the alarms.Note The alarm LED will flash whenever an alarm is generated, whether or not this alarm has been disabled via the web interface.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 45© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114 Working with Base Stations from Your PCThe normal web browser on your PC provides a window into the TB9400 base station. Use it to connect to the base station so that you can monitor, configure, diagnose, and calibrate it (if required). This section describes the following:■Connecting to the base station, including initially setting things up.■Wo r k i n g w i t h base station web pages.■Carrying out basic tasks.This section provides an overview of some aspects of the web interface. Refer to the Help for detailed instructions.
DRAFT 4 46 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.1 PC RecommendationsWe recommend the following PC hardware and software for connecting to a TB9400 base station:■SVGA Monitor (1024 x 768 minimum).■Network connection.■Mozilla Firefox version 3.6 and later, Microsoft Internet Explorer version 8 and later.Note We h ave t e s t e d t h e base station with Firefox 3.6 and Internet Explorer 8. If you encounter problems with your web browser, change to one of these browsers.4.2 Connecting Your PC to the Base StationYou connect to a base station using your web browser. Using multiple browser windows or tabs, you can view more than one base station and more than one page of any base station at once. Base stations have a web-based interface that provides the pages you view. Up to five users may be logged in to a base station at once.The base station has three different user access levels: Administrator, Maintainer, and Guest. Passwords can be defined for the Administrator and Maintainer levels. This is done using the base station’s web interface (Tools > Tools > User Administration). Refer to the Help for more information on setting user access levels.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 47© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.2.1 Logging In1. Enter the base station’s URL into your browser: the default address is https://192.168.1.2 (note the use of a secure-socket connection). To find out the base station’s IP address, on the front panel select Mod-ules > Reciter 1 (or 2) > View Reciter 1 (or 2) Address. To set the IP address, refer to “Setting the IP Address” on page 48.Note If access to this menu on the front panel has been disabled, you can find out the IP address by .....how??2. A security warning appears when you connect for the first time. Proceed anyway (refer to “Responding to Security Warnings” on page 49).3. The login screen appears.4. Enter your user name and password. When connecting for the first time, enter the user name “admin” and password “tbc_admin”.5. Click Login.Verify default address.????
DRAFT 4 48 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.2.2 Setting the IP AddressBefore the base station is installed on site, you need to provide it with its proper IP address. Make sure that you do not lose this address. A quick way to set the base station’s IP address is to use the front panel, as described below. Note If access to this menu on the front panel has been disabled, log in to the base station and set the IP address using the web interface (Identity > Identity > Network Identity).1. Use the front panel display to enter the IP address, subnet mask and gateway specified for this base station by the IP addressing plan for the network. From the base station menu select Modules > Reciter 1 (or 2) > Edit Reciter 1 (or 2) Address. If the idle screen is showing, press an arrow key, a scroll key or OK to clear it.Important In this screen each octet in the address lines has provision for three characters. If an octet in the address has less than three characters, enter one or two leading zeroes so that each position is filled, even though the zeroes are not part of the address. For example, enter 172.25.506.47 as 172.025.506.047. Leading zeroes are removed when the address is programmed into the base station.2. Set each address as described below. Use the left and right arrow keys to move the cursor across each line in the Addresses screen. Use the scroll keys to scroll through the available numbers for each position in a line.a. Set the IP address and press OK. This moves the cursor to the next line. To move the cursor back to the previous line, press the return key.b. Set the Mask address and press OK.c. Set the Gateway address and press OK. d. The display shows “Setting Reciter 1 (or 2) address Please wait...” while the base station confirms that the addresses are correct. When this process has finished, the display will show “SUCCEEDED” or “FAILED” as appropriate. Press OK to return to the previous menu. 3. If the process failed, try entering the address again. It it still fails, try the following:■enter the address through the web interface■check that the IP address you are trying to enter is not already in use by another device on the same subnet.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 49© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.2.3 Responding to Security WarningsWhen your browser connects to a TB9400 for the first time, it raises a security warning. Normally, secure websites have a security certificate issued by a trusted Certification Authority. This is to foil attempts by rogue websites to pretend to be something they are not. Obtaining such certificates is impractical for each installed TB9400, so a self-signed certificate is created when the reciter’s firmware is installed. Your browser raises a security warning because the security certificate was not issued by a trusted Certification Authority. The browser has a way of letting you override or bypass the security warning. In Internet Explorer, you install a certificate, in Mozilla Firefox you add an exception, and in Google Chrome you elect to proceed anyway. You can be confident that you are not connecting to a rogue website pretending to be your TB9400, so follow the procedure below to tell the browser that the security certificate is OK. The browser then stores the security certificate and will not raise a warning on subsequent connections, unless the IP address of the TB9400 changes or you use a different URL such as https://127.0.0.1. For more information, refer to http://support.microsoft.com/kb/931850 (Internet Explorer) or search for “security certificate” in your browser’s Help. Firefox 1. When the message “This Connection is Untrusted” appears, click I Understand the Risks.2. Click Add Exception.3. The Location field includes details specific to your TB9400. Without changing the default values, click Confirm Security Exception.Internet Explorer 1. Click Continue to this website (not recommended). 2. Click Certificate Error. 3. Click View certificates. The Certificate dialog box, General tab is displayed.4. Click Install Certificate and then follow the Certificate Import Wizard to install the certificate. Proceed to the end without changing the default values. When the Security Warning window appears, click Yes.
DRAFT 4 50 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.2.4 Connecting a Networked PC to a Base StationYou may want to temporarily disconnect a networked PC from its LAN in order to be able to establish a direct connection with the base station. A physical connection is needed as well as an alternate (Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP) or temporary (Windows 2000) IP address and subnet mask. Windows 7 or Windows Vista 1. Remove the local area Ethernet connection and connect an Ethernet patch cable between the PC and the base station. You can use either a straight through or crossover Ethernet patch cable with the current base station firmware.2. Navigate to Control Panel > Network and Internet > Network and Sharing Center.3. Click View status.4. In the Local Area Connection Status dialog box, click Properties.5. In the Local Area Connection Properties dialog box, click Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4), and then click Properties.6. Click Alternate Configuration.7. Select the User configured option, and then enter a number that is on the same subnet as the base station. For example, if the TB9400 has IP 192.168.1.2, enter 192.168.1.1 for the PC. 8. Enter a suitable subnet mask, for example 255.255.255.0.The web browser should now be able to connect to any physically connected base station that is on the same subnet.9. Once the web browser session is finished, re-connect the local area network cable to the PC. The PC then uses its normal TCP/IP properties. Windows XP Professional 1. Remove the local area Ethernet connection and connect an Ethernet patch cable between the PC and the base station. You can use either a straight through or crossover Ethernet patch cable with the current base station firmware.2. Click Start > Settings > Control Panel.3. Double-click Network Connections.4. Double-click the Local Area Network icon.5. Click Properties.6. Click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click Properties.7. Click Alternate Configuration.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 51© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118. Select the User configured option, and then enter a number that is on the same subnet as the base station. For example, if the TB9400 has IP 192.168.1.2, enter 192.168.1.1 for the PC. 9. Enter a suitable subnet mask, for example 255.255.255.0.The web browser should now be able to connect to any physically connected base station that is on the same subnet.10. Once the web browser session is finished, re-connect the local area network cable to the PC. The PC then uses its normal TCP/IP properties. Windows 2000 1. Remove the local area Ethernet connection and connect an Ethernet patch cable between the PC and the base station. You can use either a straight through or crossover Ethernet patch cable with the current base station firmware.2. Select Start > Settings > Network and Dialup Connections.3. Double-click the Local Area Connection icon.4. Click Properties. 5. Click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click Properties.6. Note the current settings so that you can restore them later.7. Select Use the following IP address, and then enter a number that is on the same subnet as the base station. For example, if the base station has IP 192.168.1.2, enter 192.168.1.1 for the PC. 8. Enter a suitable subnet mask, for example 255.255.255.0.The web browser should now be able to connect to the base station.9. When you have finished the web browser session, re-connect the local area network cable to the PC and then restore the original PC configuration. When you close the Network connection dialog box, the restored configuration is applied.4.2.5 Troubleshooting Connection ProblemsIf the attempt to connect to a base station failed, consider these possible causes.1. Your PC is part of your organization’s LAN and does not belong to the same subnet as the base station. Give the PC a suitable IP address and subnet mask as described in “Connecting a Networked PC to a Base Station” on page 50.2. You are attempting to connect to the wrong IP address. Check that the IP address is correct.
DRAFT 4 52 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Note You can quickly check the base station’s IP address via the front panel, as long as access to this menu has not been disabled.3. The link to the base station is down. Use ping to check.4. You may have to bypass the proxy in your organization’s LAN to access the TaitNet P25 Network. Ask your system administrator to give you access.4.2.6 Finding a Lost or Forgotten IP AddressUse the following procedure if an IP address has been lost or forgotten.1. Mount the reciter in a TB9400 subrack and fit the front panel. Power up the subrack.2. On the front panel display select Modules > Reciter 1 (or 2) > View Reciter 1 (or 2) Address.?What do you do if access to this front panel menu has been blocked via the web interface?
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 53© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.3 Working with the Web InterfaceThis section provides an overview of the web interface. Refer to the Help for detailed instructions.When you connect to a base station, the browser displays a page like the following.The accordion menu on the left gives you access to the various pages. Click a top level item (such as Configure) to open up its menu. Click the + icon ( ) on a menu item to expand the menu tree and the – icon ( ) to collapse it again. Click an item in an expanded menu tree to display its page.You can have more than one page open at the same time. Right-click an item on the menu and select “Open link in new tab” or “Open link in new window”. You can also wheel-click an item to open it in a new tab.Press F11 for a full-screen display of the browser which does not show toolbars and other information. Press F11 again to return to the standard view.Accordion menuModel and name of base stationAlarm status. Click System Status to go to the Alarms screen.Mode (online or offline). Click Mode to go to the screen where you can change mode.Click to disconnectStatus bar Click your user name to change your password and user settings
DRAFT 4 54 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.3.1 Monitoring OperationUsing the monitoring pages, you can see how the base station is currently operating. For example, you can see the status of its trunking interface (Monitor > Interfaces > Trunking).
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 55© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.3.2 Viewing Configuration SettingsThe base station has many configuration settings that personalize it for its particular role in the network. Some settings, such as those for the trunking interface (Configure > Network Interfaces > Trunking), always apply.Others are channel-based so that they can be dynamically changed. To view these, you first need to know the channel that the base station is operating on. Select Identity > Identity > Base Station to see its default channel number. Then you can view the base station’s channel configuration settings. Select Configure > Base Station > Channels to view the list of channels.Select a channel and click Edit to view details of the channel. Clicking directly on any text in a line will also open the edit screen.
DRAFT 4 56 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Channel and signaling settings are grouped together in profiles. The channel configuration indicates the number of the currently active profile. To view the channel profile settings, select Configure > RF Interface > Channel Profiles and then click the relevant profile number.Proceed in a similar way to view signaling profile and channel group settings.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 57© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.3.3 Viewing the Base Station and Network IdentityEach base station in a network has a unique base station and network identity.Select Identity > Identity and then Base Station or Network to view details such as name, receiver number, default channel and network addresses. Note that the Host Name field has a maximum of 63 characters, and may use the characters a – z, 0 – 9, dot and hyphen. You can also enter here the four lines of information you want to appear on the front panel display (at start-up and when idle). Each line has a maximum of 20 characters.
DRAFT 4 58 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.4 Basic Tasks4.4.1 User SettingsClick on your user name in the top right corner of the page to choose whether the temperature is displayed in Fahrenheit or Celsius, and to change your password.4.4.2 Taking the Base Station OfflineYou may need to take the base station offline in order to carry out diagnostic tests or to take it out of service if a fault develops.1. Click Mode on the status bar (or Select Tools > Tools > Base Station).2. Under Control, select Offline. Click Offline to confirm the change. In the Status area, the Mode display changes first to “Changing”, and then to “Offline” ( ).4.4.3 Troubleshooting AlarmsIf the Alarm status on the status bar displays red, one or more alarms have been triggered, and the Alarms menu automatically expands to display the alarm(s). Click Help and navigate to the description of that alarm.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 59© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.4.4 Working with Configuration FilesAt any time, you can save the current configuration settings as a file (Tools > Tools > Configurations). This is stored in the base station, but you can download it and store it on your computer as an off-site backup. The base station identity and network identity are not saved as part of the configuration file.You may want to develop a master configuration and upload it to all base stations in the network, The master configuration can contain all the different channel configurations and can be common to all base stations. The base station identity selects the default channel.4.4.5 Configuring Single Base StationsMost base stations in non-simulcast trunked networks are single. They interface to a site controller but not to other base stations. The following explains the special considerations when configuring single base stations.Channel Group Membership Although single base stations are not actually part of a channel group, their channel configurations (Configure > Base Station > Channels) must still select a channel group (Configure > Channel Group > Channel Groups). Channel Group IP Address The selected channel group must be configured for single base station operation. Specify 127.0.0.1 as the channel group IP address. This stops the base station from attempting to send voice packets to other base stations.Preamble Although the single base station’s transmitter does not receive voice packets from other channel group members, it still receives them from other base stations via trunking controllers. So, while most channel group settings have no effect, the preamble setting still applies and determines how large the transmit buffer is.The default setting of 40 ms is intended for internal jitter only. If the base station is a traffic channel, you may have to increase the preamble. Voice arriving at the base station’s trunking interface has travelled from another base station via the trunking site controller and could have significantly more jitter.Marshalling Duration If the base station is a control channel, the channel group settings should specify fixed marshalling and allow a duration of 40 ms. This gives the control channel’s transmitter an appropriate buffer (control channels do not use the preamble to regulate the transmit buffer). Marshalling duration does not apply to traffic channels.Trunking Interface Single base stations need a control connection to their site controller. A single base station interfaces to the site controller in the same way as the
DRAFT 4 60 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011master base station in a trunked channel group. Select Configure > Network Interfaces > Trunking to configure this.4.4.6 Configuring Base Stations in a Channel GroupYou can configure the way the base station behaves in its channel group. Also, qualified network engineers can change DSCP assignments, so that routers and switches provide a different quality of service to different types of IP packets.In trunked networks, many base stations are single and not actually part of a channel group. However, they still must be assigned to a channel group configuration and some of its parameters must be set correctly.4.4.7 Setting Up Custom AlarmsEach of the base station’s 12 digital inputs can be used to raise a custom alarm when the input goes high or low. The Custom Alarms form (Configure > Alarms > Custom Alarms) allows you to assign a name to each custom alarm, and to configure whether the alarm is triggered when the digital input goes high or low.Custom alarms are used to provide an alarm when an external event activates a digital input. You can rename any of the available alarms to provide a more meaningful name, such as “Door open”.4.4.8 Disabling the Front Panel KeypadYou can disable the front panel keypad to prevent access to the base station via the front panel menus. Select Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous and in the Front Panel area clear the Keypad enabled check box.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 61© Tait Electronics Limited September 20114.4.9 Preparing to Download FirmwareNew versions of base station firmware are remotely downloaded to base stations from a package server. A package server is a basic web server application. The product DVD provides the Mongoose web server. Note You do not have to install Mongoose to make it work, because mongoose-3.0.exe is a self-sufficient executable file.You can set up a single PC to be the central package server for all the base stations on the network using mongoose or any web server. You can also use a laptop as a temporary package server.To set up a PC as a package server, proceed as follows.1. Insert the product DVD in the computer’s DVD drive.2. If the DVD does not autorun, navigate to the DVD’s root folder and double-click mongoose-3.0.exe. An “m” icon appears in the system tray to indicate that the package server is running.3. If the PC is to be the central package server, configure each base station with the package server’s IP address and port.a. Select Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous.b. Under Package server, enter the IP address of the package server. 4. If a laptop is to be a temporary package server, temporarily override the package server IP address and port in each base station.a. Select Tools > Tools > Firmware Download.b. Under Package server, enter the IP address of the laptop. You can now instruct a base station to list and download firmware from the package server.
DRAFT 4 62 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 63© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115 InstallationThis chapter provides information on the site requirements for your TB9400 equipment and also describes how to install the base station in a standard 19 inch rack or cabinet.If this is your first time installing a TB9400 base station, we recommend that you read the entire chapter before beginning the actual installation.5.1 Before You Begin5.1.1 Equipment SecurityThe security of your base station equipment is a high priority. If the site is not fully secure, the base station should at least be locked in a secure cabinet to prevent unauthorized access.5.1.2 Grounding and Lightning ProtectionElectrical Ground The base station modules are grounded by physical contact between the module case and the subrack. To ensure a good ground connection you must tighten each module retaining clamp securely (refer to “Final Reassembly” on page 107 for the correct torque).A threaded grounding connector is provided on the rear of the subrack for connection to the site ground point (refer to “Connecting Up the Base Station” on page 80 for more details).Lightning Ground It is extremely important for the security of the site and its equipment that you take adequate precautions against lightning strike. Because it is outside the scope of this manual to provide comprehensive information on this subject, we recommend that you conform to your country’s standards organization or regulatory body.
DRAFT 4 64 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.1.3 Equipment VentilationAlways ensure there is adequate ventilation around the base station. Warning!! Do not operate it in a sealed cabinet. You must keep the ambient temperature within the speci-fied range, and we strongly recommended that you ensure that the cooling airflow is not restricted.Important The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel and will only operate when the panel is fitted correctly to the front of the subrack. To ensure adequate airflow through the base station, do not operate it for more than a few minutes with the front panel removed (e.g. for servicing purposes).5.1.4 Ambient Temperature SensorThe ambient temperature reading for the base station is provided by the temperature sensor located on the front panel circuit board.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 65© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.1.5 Cabinet and Rack VentilationThe cooling airflow for the base station enters through the front panel and exits at the rear of the subrack. For optimum thermal performance, the heated air that has passed through a base station must not be allowed to re-enter the air intakes on the front panel. Any space at the front of the cabinet not occupied by equipment should be covered by a blanking panel. Refer to Figure 5.1 on page 66. To allow enough cooling airflow through a cabinet-mounted base station, we recommend the following:■an area of at least 23 in2 (150 cm2) of unrestricted ventilation slots or holes in front of the air intakes for the fans for each subrack; for example, thirty 0.25 x 3.3 in (6 x 85 mm) slots will allow the recommended airflow■a vent in the top of the cabinet with an area of approximately 23 in2 (150 cm2) per subrack, or a similar area of ventilation per subrack at the rear of the cabinet behind each subrack■a 2 U gap at the top of the cabinet.Note The ventilation opening must be unrestricted. If the slots or holes are covered with a filter, mesh or grille, the open area must be increased to allow the same airflow as an unrestricted opening.The maximum ambient temperature entering the cabinet must not exceed + 140°F (+ 60°C).If you are installing multiple subracks in a cabinet, ensure that there will be enough cooling airflow through the cabinet after the equipment has been installed. For example, the recommended maximum number of subracks in a 38 U cabinet is five, as shown in Figure 5.1 on page 66.If the base station is installed in a rack or cabinet with other equipment with different ventilation requirements, we recommend that the base station be positioned below this equipment. Auxiliary Extractor Fans The base station does not require auxiliary extractor fans mounted in the top of the cabinet. If your cabinet is already fitted with fans, the following procedures apply:■if there are six or more 4.75 in (12 cm) fans, each capable of extracting 94.2 ft3 per minute (160 m3 per hour), they must run continuously■if there are fewer than six fans, you must remove them and ensure the vent in the top of the cabinet has an area of approximately 23 in2 (150 cm2) per subrack.If you have any other configuration, the performance of your system will depend on how closely you comply with the base station airflow requirements described above.
DRAFT 4 66 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Figure 5.1 Typical cabinet ventilation requirementsbventilation slots dairflow entrycblanking panels eairflow exit path8 in (20 cm)2 U≥ 7 in (≥17.5cm)side view front viewtop viewccdeb
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 67© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.2 Unpacking and Moving the SubrackThe subrack is packed in a strong corrugated cardboard carton with top and bottom foam cushions. To prevent personal injury and damage to the equipment, we recommend that two people unpack and move the subrack. To remove the subrack from the carton, follow the procedure illustrated in Figure 5.2. Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with packaging. We recommend that you have another person help you unpack and move the subrack. The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to move the subrack once it has been unpacked. If nec-essary, remove the modules from the subrack before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 93). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.1. Cut the tape securing the flaps at the top of the carton and fold them flat against the sides b.2. Rotate the carton carefully onto its side c and then onto its top d, ensuring that none of the flaps is trapped underneath.Figure 5.2 Unpacking the subrackbegfhicd
DRAFT 4 68 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20113. Slide the carton upwards over the foam cushions and lift it away e. Remove the cushion from the bottom of the subrack f.4. Rotate the subrack and cushion carefully over the rear of the subrack g so that it is the right way up with the cushion on top h. Remove the cushion from the top of the subrack i.Disposal of Packaging If you do not need to keep the packaging, we recommend that you recycle it according to your local recycling methods. The foam cushions are CFC- and HCFC-free and may be burnt in a suitable waste-to-energy combustion facility, or compacted in landfill.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 69© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.3 Identifying the EquipmentYou can identify the model and hardware configuration of the TB9400 modules by referring to the product code printed on labels at the rear of each module. The meaning of each character in the product code is explained in the tables below.Note This explanation of product codes is not intended to suggest that any combination of features is necessarily available in any one product. Consult your regional Tait office for more information regarding the availability of specific models and options.Reciter Product CodesPA Product CodesProduct Code DescriptionT01-01103-XXXX Frequency Band and Sub-bandN = 762MHz to 870MHza (K4)a. The actual frequency coverage in this band is: Transmit: 762MHz to 776MHz and 850MHz to 870MHz Receive: 792MHz to 824MHzT01-01103-XXXX A = standardT01-01103-XXXX A = defaultT01-01103-XXXXA = defaultProduct Code DescriptionT01-01121-XXXX Frequency Band and Sub-bandN = 762MHz to 870MHza (K4)a. The actual frequency coverage in this band when used with a K-band TB9400 reciter is 762MHz to 776MHz and 850MHZ to 870MHz.T01-01121-XXXX A = 50 WB = 100 WT01-01121-XXXX A = defaultT01-01121-XXXXA = default
DRAFT 4 70 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011PMU Product Codes Product Code DescriptionTBAXXXX-XXXX 3 = PMUTBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = defaultTBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = AC module not fittedA = AC module fittedTBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = DC module not fitted1 = 12V DC module fitted2 = 24V DC module fitted4 = 48V DC module fittedTBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = standby power supply card not fitted1 = 12VDC standby power supply card fitted2 = 24VDC standby power supply card fitted4 = 48VDC standby power supply card fittedTBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = auxiliary power supply board not fitted1 = 12VDC auxiliary power supply board fitted2 = 24VDC auxiliary power supply board fitted4 = 48VDC auxiliary power supply board fittedTBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = defaultTBA3XXX-XXXX0 = default
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 71© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.4 Initial Setting UpBefore putting the base station into service, you may want to car ry out some basic functional testing, configuration, and tuning (if required). This section provides an overview of these procedures:■checking that the base station powers up correctly■checking the basic functionality of the base station by using the tests available in the web interface■customizing the configuration for the intended installation and verifying that the configuration is correct■changing the root password (if needed - TBD)■tuning the base station (if required).5.4.1 Confirming OperationImportant Make sure that the RF output is connected to a suitable attenuator or dummy load. Do not remove the load while the PA is transmitting as this may damage the PA output stage.Applying Power 1. Apply power by turning on the PMU.2. Check that the base station powers up correctly:■The front panel display will show “Please wait” while the base station starts up (this may take up to two minutes). When the startup process is complete, the display will show the idle screen.■The cooling fans in the front panel will run at full speed for a few seconds, then run at low speed while the base station starts up, and then assume standard operation. One or more fans may operate, depending on the temperature of the modules.??
DRAFT 4 72 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Functional Tests The following table provides an overview of the tests available using the web interface. Refer to the Help for full details of these tests.Tes t Notes Me nureceiver operation requires a suitable RF source Diagnose > RF Interface > Receivertransmitter operation requires connection to the network Diagnose > RF Interface > Transmittersynchronized transmit checks the simulcast operation of a channel group or the transmitters in itDiagnose > RF Interface > Synchronized Transmitping checks the IP connection to another device with an IP addressDiagnose > Connection > NetworkNTP query checks if the NTP-based time synchronization is workingPMU mains failure requires a DC backup supply Diagnose > Subsystems > PMU Control Testsfan operation checks the operation of each fan individuallyDiagnose > Subsystems > Fan Tests
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 73© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.4.2 Customizing the ConfigurationThe following steps provide an overview of the process used to configure the base station with the settings it needs. Refer to the Help for detailed information.1. Log in to the base station (refer to “Connecting Your PC to the Base Station” on page 46 for more details).2. Select Configure. The base station has many different settings that can be configured before it is put into operation, such as:■channel configurations■alarm control and SNMP agent■network interfaces■channel groups and quality of service■channel and signaling profiles■CWID■miscellaneous items such as minimum battery voltages, fan control, NTP and package servers.3. Make the changes needed in each form and click Save.Note We recommend that you save the configuration to your PC or network. First make a backup copy of the configuration (which is stored in the base station as a file), then save this file to a folder on your PC or network. This provides a backup which can be restored to the base station if the configuration information becomes lost or corrupted.
DRAFT 4 74 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.4.3 Changing the Root PasswordThe root password to the Linux operating system of the reciter is a possible security risk. The equipment is delivered with a default password that is well known. Knowledge of the password could be used to render the equipment inoperable, for example by deleting files. If you are concerned about the security risk that this poses, change the password. If Tait provides support services, it may need to know the password.Important If you change the password and then lose it, the equipment must be returned to Tait. Make sure that you store the pass-word securely and do not lose it. To change the root password, follow these steps.1. TBD5.4.4 Tuning the ReciterThe K-band reciter does not require tuning.?Procedure still to be decided. May be tied in with Admin password.?????
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 75© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.5 Installing the Base Station on Site5.5.1 Base Stations for Trunked SystemsWhen installing base stations that are part of a trunked system, it is very important to observe good site engineering rules. This is especially true when the channels are combined into a single antenna, particularly if the receivers and transmitters also share the antenna, as in a duplexed system. If at all possible, the RF planner should avoid frequency plans in which the Rx to Tx spacing is an exact multiple of the trunked channel spacing, thus forcing Tx intermodulation products to fall outside the Rx channels. Cables and antennas should be of high quality construction. Solid shield heliax type cables are best, but if braided shield cables must be used for short distances, their braids must be silver-plated. When the outputs of more than one transmitter are combined, their voltages add, and the resulting peak envelope power is not simply the sum of their powers, but is equal to the power of one of them multiplied by the square of the number of sources. Cables, components, and hardware must be rated to withstand the peak envelope power.During the commissioning process, all transmitters should be activated together using a diagnostic test tone, while the receiver RSSI is monitored. There should be no perceptible increase in RSSI while the transmitters are active.5.5.2 Equipment RequiredIt is beyond the scope of this manual to list every piece of equipment that an installation technician should carry. However, the following tools are specifically required for installing the base station:■Pozidriv PZ3 screwdriver for the M6 screws used in the DC input terminals on the PMU; M6 (0.25 in) screws are also used to secure the subrack to the cabinet in factory-assembled systems■Pozidriv PZ2 screwdriver for the M4 screws used to secure the module retaining clamps, and for the fasteners used to secure the front panel to the subrack■8 mm AF spanner for the SMA connectors, and the subrack ground connector.You can also obtain the TBA0ST2 tool kit from your regional Tait office. It contains the basic tools needed to install, tune, and service the base station.
DRAFT 4 76 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.5.3 Mounting the SubrackCaution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with packaging. We recommend that you have another person help you unpack and move the subrack. The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to move the subrack once it has been unpacked. If nec-essary, remove the modules from the subrack before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 93). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.1. Remove the front panel, as described in “Preliminary Disassembly” on page 95.2. Fit the subrack into the cabinet or rack and secure it firmly with an M6 (0.25 in) screw, flat and spring washer in each of the four main mounting holes b, as shown in Figure 5.3.Figure 5.3 Subrack mounting pointsbmain mounting holes - front cauxiliary mounting holes - rearfront viewrear viewbc
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 77© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Note If you need extra mounting security, additional mounting holes c are provided at the rear of the subrack for auxiliary support brack-ets.Figure 5.4 below gives the dimensions of the subrack and its mounting holes.Figure 5.4 Subrack dimensions5.25 in(133.4 mm)4 in(101.6 mm)6.96 in(176.8 mm)14.8 in(375.5 mm)19 in (482.6 mm)17 in (432 mm)18.3 in (465.1 mm)0.26 in(6.6 mm)0.42 in(10.6 mm)14.7 in (373.5 mm)14.37 in (365 mm)
DRAFT 4 78 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Auxiliary Support Bracket TBAA03-13 auxiliary support brackets can be fitted to the rear of the subrack to provide additional mounting security. Figure 5.5 shows a standard TBAA03-13 bracket b fitted in a typical Tait cabinet c. If you are not using the Tait cabinet, you may have to make your own brackets to suit your installation.Important Yo u must fit the auxiliary support brackets if you intend to transport a cabinet fitted with a fully built-up base station.We also recommend that you fit the brackets under the following conditions:■when the installation is in an area prone to earthquakes■when third party equipment is installed hard up underneath the base station subrack.General Cabling We recommend that you try to route all cables to and from the base station along the side of the cabinet so the cooling airflow is not restricted.Figure 5.5 Auxiliary support bracketcb
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 79© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011DC Power Cabling DC power cables should be well supported so that the terminals on the PMU and on the ends of the cables do not have to support the full weight of the cables.Figure 5.6 shows two recommended methods of securing these cables to prevent straining either set of terminals.We recommend that you fit the supplied covers to the DC terminals to protect against accidental shorts. Figure 5.6 DC power cablingsecure the cables to the cabinet to support their weight
DRAFT 4 80 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.6 Connecting Up the Base StationThis section provides information relevant to the task of connecting up the various inputs and outputs of the base station.5.6.1 Connection OverviewThe connections at the rear of a dual 50 W base station are identified in Figure 5.7. External connections are all located at the rear of the subrack.Figure 5.7 50 W base station inputs and outputsbserial RS-232 connectorah+ VDC inputc1 PPS input iauxiliary DC outputdexternal reference frequency input jAC mains inputeRF input 1) Ethernet interface connectorfRF output 1! subrack ground connectorg– VDC input 1@ system interface connectora. Factory use only.PA 1Reciter 1 PMUbcdefghij1)1!1@PA 2Reciter 2
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 81© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.6.2 Connecting AC PowerThe PMU is designed to accept a mains input of 88 to 264 VAC at 45 to 65 Hz. A standard 3-wire grounded socket outlet must be used to supply the AC power. The socket outlet must be installed near the equipment and must be easily accessible. This outlet should be connected to an AC power supply capable of providing at least 600 W. The requirements of two typical AC supplies are given in the following table.Yo u r base station should come supplied with a power supply cord to connect the male IEC connector on the PMU to the local AC supply. The pins of the IEC connector on the PMU are identified at right.Nominal Supply Current Requirementaa. The actual current consumption of the base station will be lower than these require-ments (refer to the Specifications Manual for more information).Circuit Breaker/Fuse Ratinga115 VAC 8 A 10 A230 VAC 4 A 6 Agroundrear viewneutralphase
DRAFT 4 82 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.6.3 Connecting DC PowerThe PMU is designed to accept a nominal 12 VDC, 24 VDC or 48 VDC input (depending on the model) with negative or positive ground. There is a minimum DC startup threshold to prevent damaging a battery which has little capacity left.You must connect the DC supply from the battery to the PMU via a fuse or DC-rated circuit breaker with a contact separation of 3 mm, and with the appropriate rating, as shown in the table below. The DC input leads should be of a suitable gauge to ensure less than 0.2 V drop at maximum load over the required length of lead.Terminate and insulate the DC input leads to protect them from accidentally shorting to the subrack if the PMU is removed before the leads are disconnected. Protective covers for the DC terminals are supplied with each PMU.We recommend a screw torque of 18 – 20 lbf · in (2 – 2.25 N · m). Nominal Supply VoltageInput Voltage RangeCircuit Breaker/Fuse Ratingaa. The actual current consumption of the base station will be lower than these require-ments (refer to the Specifications Manual for more information).Recommended Wire Gaugebb. For a length of 5 ft to 6.5 ft (1.5 m to 2 m) (typical).12 VDC 10 VDC to 16.8 VDC 60 A 2 AWG / 35 mm224 VDC 20 VDC to 33.6 VDC 30 A 5 AWG / 16 mm248 VDC 40 VDC to 60 VDC 15 A 8 AWG / 8 mm2Figure 5.8 Recommended DC power connectionBatteryCircuit Breakeror FusePMU
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 83© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.6.4 Connecting the Auxiliary DC Power OutputThe PMU can provide an auxiliary DC output when it is fitted with the auxiliary power supply board. This board is available with an output of 13.65 VDC, 27.3 VDC, or 54.6 VDC (depending on the model), and is current limited to 3 A, 1.5 A or 750 mA respectively. This power supply is permanently on as soon as the base station has finished powering up, and is available on the auxiliary output connector on the rear panel.You can connect multiple auxiliary power supply boards in parallel for redundancy purposes, or to provide an output greater than 40 W. Although no active current sharing is used, auxiliary boards connected in parallel will current-share before reaching their power limit. The failure (or switching off) of one auxiliary board will not load any other paralleled auxiliary boards in the circuit.Auxiliary DC Power Output Cabling Network elements are supplied with a connector, as shown in Figure 5.9. You can use this to connect the PMU’s auxiliary DC power output to another device.Contact your regional Ta i t office for details on the full range of wiring kits available.Figure 5.9 Auxiliary DC power connectorPhoenix MVSTBR2.5HC/2-ST/5.08 female
DRAFT 4 84 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.6.5 Connecting RFImportant Do not remove the load from the PA while it is transmitting as this may damage the PA output stage.The RF input to the base station is via the marked BNC connector on the rear panel of the reciter. The RF output is via the N-type connector on the rear panel of the PA (refer to Figure 5.7 on page 80).Cables and antennas should be of high quality construction. Solid shield heliax type cables are best, but if braided shield cables must be used for short distances, their braids must be silver-plated.Recommendations for Installing the PA We recommend the following installation procedures, which should protect the PA from damage under all but the most extreme operating conditions.1. Do not connect the PA directly to the antenna. Fit an isolator or duplexer between the PA and the load. Fit the isolator as close as pos-sible to the RF output connector on the PA. Do not connect any switching equipment between the isolator and the PA, unless the switch cannot operate while there is RF present (i.e. the base station is transmitting).2. Fit a surge suppressor to the antenna cabling where it enters the building.3. Inspect all cables and equipment connected to the base station for defects.Ice on the antenna, or a broken antenna, is unlikely to cause damage to the PA. Explanation The circuit design of the PA protects the circuitry from high VSWR. This makes it difficult to damage the RF power device by keying the PA into a mismatched load, or if the load deteriorates over even a short period of time (milliseconds).However, it is possible to damage the device if all the following conditions happen at the same time:■there is a step change in the PA load (for example, the load is removed)■the PA is transmitting■the feed line loss between the PA and the mismatch is < 1 dB.The effect of such conditions is variable: some devices will not be destroyed, and some may fail after repeated load interruptions.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 85© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.6.6 Connecting an External Frequency ReferenceFor K4 Band, the internal frequency reference accuracy is inadequate, and an external reference (for example, the Tait T801-4) must be used. An external reference is also required for simulcast. The external reference frequency can be 10 MHz or 12.8 MHz, with an input level of 300 mVpp to 5 V pp. The stability of this reference should be better than 50 parts per billion (for non-simulcast) or ≤ 1 part per billion (for simulcast). The reciter automatically detects the frequency of the external reference and configures itself accordingly.If an external reference is required, enable the external reference “Absent” alarm (Configure > Alarms > Control).Use a 50 Ω coaxial cable (RG58 or RG223) to connect the external reference to the base station’s external reference frequency input. You can daisy-chain up to eight base stations using T-junctions. The maximum overall cable length is 30 m. Terminate the last connection with a 50 Ω load. Figure 5.10 Daisy-chaining an external frequency reference input50 Ω terminationmaximum of eight base station loads on one frequency reference outputmaximum overall cable length is 30 m
DRAFT 4 86 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.6.7 Connecting a 1 PPS SourceA 1 PPS signal is required for simulcast base stations. This and the external frequency reference can be provided, for example, by a Tait T801-4 Frequency Reference. For more information, see the T801-4 Installation and Operation Manual (MBA-00033-xx).Use a 50 Ω coaxial cable (RG58 or RG223) to connect the source to the base station’s 1 PPS input. You can daisy-chain up to six base stations using T-junctions. We recommend that the cable length between the first and last load is kept to a minimum. This will reduce any propagation variation between base stations. The maximum overall cable length is 30 m. Terminate the last connection with a 50 Ω resistor, otherwise reflections of the 1 PPS pulse may occur. 5.6.8 Ethernet ConnectionThe RJ-45 socket on the reciter’s rear panel provides the 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T Ethernet connection to the other devices in the network. Use Cat-5 cable to connect this socket to the TaitNet P25 Network via a router or switch. If necessary, refer to “Ethernet Connector” on page 109 for a list of Ethernet connection pin allocations.Figure 5.11 Daisy-chaining a 1 PPS inputThe longest length of cable must be between the source and the first base stationuse short lengths of cable between each base stationmaximum of six base station loads on one 1 PPS output50 Ω termination
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 87© Tait Electronics Limited September 20115.6.9 Connecting General Purpose Inputs and OutputsThe base station has a number of general purpose inputs and outputs. These are connected via the 25-way D-range on the rear panel. The pin allocations for the D-range connector are given in the following table. Not all pins are used in this release of the base station.Pin Signal Name Signal Type Notes1not used234567891011 digital in 1 input 5 V TTL logic active low12 digital in 213 + 5.2 VDC output power output maximum current 200 mA14 digital in 3input 5 V TTL logic active low15 digital in 416 digital in 517 digital in 618 digital in 719 digital in 820 digital in 921 digital in 1022 digital in 1123 digital in 1124 not used25 ground groundexternal viewBCDEFGHIJ1)1!1@1#1$1%1^1&1*1(2)2!2@2#2$2%
DRAFT 4 88 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Maintenance 89© Tait Electronics Limited September 20116 MaintenanceThe base station is designed to be very reliable and should require little maintenance. However, performing regular checks will prolong the life of the equipment and prevent problems from happening.It is beyond the scope of this manual to list every check that you should perform on your base station. The type and frequency of maintenance checks will depend on the location and type of your system. The checks and procedures listed below can be used as a starting point for your maintenance schedule.Performance Checks We suggest you monitor the following operational parameters using the web interface:■VSWR■DC input voltage, especially on transmit■receiver sensitivity■any temperature alarms.These basic checks will provide an overview of how well your base station is operating.Reciter If an external frequency reference is not used, check UHF reciters for frequency drift after 3 months’ service and annually thereafter. If the drift is > 0.5 ppm, adjust the carrier frequency offset. For details, see the Help.PA There are no special maintenance requirements for the PA.PMU There are no special maintenance requirements for the PMU. However, we suggest that you periodically check that the screws on the DC input terminals are tight. They may work loose with thermal cycling. Also, if you are using battery back-up, you should check the batteries regularly in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.Ventilation The base station has been designed to have a front-to-back cooling airflow. We strongly recommend that you periodically check and maintain the ventilation requirements described in “Equipment Ventilation” on page 64 to ensure a long life and trouble-free operation for your base station.Cooling Fans The cooling fans have a long service life and have no special maintenance requirements. You can use the web interface to configure the base station to generate an alarm if any of the front panel cooling fans fails. Refer to the Help for more details.
DRAFT 4 90 Maintenance TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Troubleshooting 91© Tait Electronics Limited September 20117 TroubleshootingCheck that all front and rear connectors and cables are in place, and that power switches are on. If problems persist, contact your regional Ta it office.Symptom Possible Cause ActionAlarm LED red and steady (not flashing)The base station is in Offline modeUse the web interface to put the base station in Online modeDesired feature is not operatingFeature license missing Check that you have the necessary feature licenses (refer to “Licenses” on page 18 and the Help)Feature license present but feature is not enabled Use the web interface to enable the feature. Tx stuck on Tx and Rx frequencies are the sameReconfigure Tx and Rx with different frequenciesPower LED on front panel is on, but keypad does not workKeypad is disabled Check that the keypad is enabled in the web interface (Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous) No power or LEDs on front panelSystem control bus not connected to front panelCheck cable connections Pins bent on 15-pin D-range plug on front panelReplace or repair D-range plugThe base station appears to make random transmissionsCWID feature enabled No action: CWID transmissions are made according to configuration settingsPA has low power Channel is configured to low powerUse the web interface to check the power settingsPA may have suffered partial damageReplace module and send faulty module for servicingTest tones can’t be heard IMBE does not pass on tones higher than 400 HzEnsure test tones are less than 400 HzLost or forgotten base station IP addressProcedure TBD??
DRAFT 4 92 Troubleshooting TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 93© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118 Replacing ModulesCaution The 100 W PA and PMU weigh between 9.3 lb (4.2 kg) and 15.4 lb (7 kg) each. Take care when hand-ling these modules to avoid personal injury.Important The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel and will only operate when the panel is fitted correctly to the front of the subrack. To ensure adequate airflow through the base station, do not operate it for more than a few minutes with the front panel removed (e.g. for servicing purposes). Both the PMU and PA modules have built-in protection mech-anisms to prevent damage from overheating.
DRAFT 4 94 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118.1 Saving the Base Station’s ConfigurationBefore replacing a module in the base station, you should decide whether you need to save its configuration data. If you are unsure whether you have a record of the configuration, backup and save the configuration file before removing any modules. Once you have replaced the module, you will be able to restore the original configuration to the base station. If one or more of the modules is faulty, you may be unable to save the configuration. In this case, you will have to restore the configuration from a back-up file. Refer to the Help for more information.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 95© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118.2 Preliminary DisassemblyHot-pluggable Modules The reciter, PA and front panel are hot-pluggable and can be removed without powering down the whole base station. These modules can also be removed without disrupting the system control bus communications with the other modules in the subrack.Important Before removing a PA, first disconnect the DC input, trans-mit forward input and transmit reverse output, followed by the RF output. After refitting the PA, reconnect the RF output first, followed by the transmit forward input, trans-mit reverse output, and then the DC input.Disconnecting the Power If you want to disconnect the power before working on the base station, follow these steps.Caution Before disconnecting the battery supply leads from the PMU, open the circuit breaker or disconnect the supply leads from the battery.1. Turn off the AC b and DC c switches at the rear of the PMU.2. Also at the rear of the PMU disconnect the mains d and battery e supply leads, and the auxiliary DC supply lead f (if fitted).bcdef
DRAFT 4 96 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Remove the Front Panel 1. Using a Pozidriv PZ2 screwdriver, undo the fastener at each end of the front panel b with a quarter turn counterclockwise.2. Place a finger in the recess c provided at each end of the front panel and pull the front panel away from the subrack. Cable Retaining Clips The cable retaining clips are used to hold cables in position at the top of the subrack so that they do not interfere with the mounting of the front panel, or interrupt the airflow through the base station. If you need to remove any front panel cables, simply pull the front of the cable retaining clip down and then slide it out from the subrack until it reaches the end of its travel.lockedunlockedbc
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 97© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118.3 Replacing a ReciterRemoval 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-liminary Disassembly” on page 95.2. At the rear of the reciter, unplug the RF input cable b, any system cables c, and the external reference d and 1 PPS e cables (if fitted).3. At the front of the reciter, unplug the transmit reverse f and transmit forward g cables, and move both cables to one side. Unplug both ends of the system control bus cable h and remove it.4. Loosen the screw securing the retaining clamp i and rotate the clamp through 90° to clear the module.5. Slide the reciter out of the subrack, taking care not to damage any of the cables.bcdefghi
DRAFT 4 98 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Refitting 1. Slide the replacement reciter into the subrack and secure it with the retaining clamp.2. Reconnect all the front and rear panel cables previously disconnected. Ensure the front panel cables are positioned correctly, and retained where required by the cable retaining clips in the top of the subrack (refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111).3. Tighten the nut on the SMA connector to a torque of 8 lbf ·in (0.9 N·m).4. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 107.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 99© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118.4 Replacing a Power AmplifierImportant Before removing a PA, first disconnect the DC input, trans-mit forward input and transmit reverse output, followed by the RF output. After refitting the PA, reconnect the RF output first, followed by the transmit forward input, trans-mit reverse output, and then the DC input.Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-liminary Disassembly” on page 95. 2. At the front of the PA, unplug the DC input b, transmit forward c and transmit reverse d cables, and move the cables to one side. Unplug both ends of the system control bus cable e and remove it.3. At the rear of the PA, unplug the RF output cable. 4. Loosen the screw securing the retaining clamp(s) f and rotate the clamp(s) through 90° to clear the module.5. Slide the PA out of the subrack, taking care not to damage any of the cables.Refitting 1. Slide the replacement PA into the subrack and secure it with the retaining clamp(s). 2. At the rear of the PA, connect the RF output cable. 3. At the front of the PA, connect the transmit forward and transmit reverse cables, followed by the DC input cable.4. Reconnect all the other front and rear panel cables previously disconnected. Ensure the front panel cables are positioned correctly, and retained where required by the cable retaining clips in the top of bedcfbe d cff50 W PA 100 W PA
DRAFT 4 100 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011the subrack (refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111).5. Tighten the nut on the SMA connector to a torque of 8 lbf ·in (0.9 N·m).6. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 107.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 101© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118.5 Replacing a Power Management UnitImportant You must disconnect the AC and DC power cables before removing the PMU from the subrack.Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-liminary Disassembly” on page 95.2. At the front of the PMU, unplug and remove the output power cable b to the subrack interconnect board. Also unplug and remove the system control bus cable c.3. Unplug the output power cable to the PA d and move it to one side.4. Loosen the screws securing the retaining clamps e and rotate the clamps through 90° to clear the module.5. Slide the PMU out of the subrack, taking care not to damage any of the cables.Refitting 1. Slide the replacement PMU into the subrack and secure it with the retaining clamps.2. Reconnect all the front and rear panel cables previously disconnected. Connect the DC power cables on the rear panel as shown in Figure 5.6 on page 79. Tighten the screws to a torque of 18 – 20 lbf · in (2 – 2.25 N · m). Ensure the front panel cables are positioned correctly, and retained where required by the cable retaining clips in the top of the subrack (refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111).3. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 107.(obscured)50 W base station 100 W base stationbcddee e(obscured)e
DRAFT 4 102 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118.6 Replacing the Front Panel FansThe following instructions refer to Figure 8.1 on page 104.Important You must replace each fan duct assembly in its original loca-tion in the front panel. Each module, or pair of modules, requires a specific type of fan duct to ensure the cooling air flow passes directly through the modules’ heatsinks. If a cooling fan has failed and you are fitting a replacement front panel, you must also fit the correct type of front panel for that base station. Each type of base station has a different combination of modules, and must use a front panel fitted with fan ducts that match those modules.The front panel for a 100 W base station has different fan ducts from the front panel for a 50 W base station, as shown in Figure 8.1. In a 50 W base station, the fan duct for reciter and PA 1 is slightly different from the duct for reciter and PA 2. Each duct is designed to fit only in its correct position.Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-liminary Disassembly” on page 95.2. Reciter and 50 W PA Fana. Unplug the fan from the front panel board ( b or c ).b. Remove the four screws labeled d or e and remove the fan duct assembly from the front panel.c. Remove the fours screws holding the fan into the duct and remove the fan.3. 100 W PA Fand. Unplug the fan from the front panel board f.e. Remove the four screws labeled g and remove the fan duct assembly from the front panel.f. Remove the fours screws holding the fan into the duct and remove the fan.4. PMU Fana. Remove the 100 W PA or reciter and 50 W PA 2 fan duct assembly as described above.b. Unplug the PMU fan from the front panel board h.c. Remove the two screws labeled i and remove the PMU fan duct assembly.d. Remove the fours screws holding the fan into the duct and remove the fan.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 103© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Refitting 1. If the original fan was fitted with spacers j, refit these spacers to the replacement fan.2. Fit the replacement fan into the duct, routing the power wires neatly around the body of the fan to the slot in the side of the duct, as shown in Figure 8.1.3. Refit the four screws securing the fan into the duct. Do not overtighten these screws or you may distort the fan body.4. PMU Fana. Refit the PMU fan duct assembly onto its mounting bosses. Note that the two mounting tabs nearest the center fan fit over the bosses.b. Refit the two screws labeled i.c. Plug the fan into the front panel board h.d. Refit the 100 W PA or reciter and PA 2 fan duct as described below.5. 100 W PA Fana. Refit the PA fan duct assembly onto its mounting bosses. Note that the two mounting tabs nearest the PMU fan fit over the tabs of the PMU fan duct.b. Refit the fours screws labeled g.c. Plug the fan into the front panel board f.6. Reciter and 50 W PA Fana. Refit the fan duct assembly onto its mounting bosses. When refitting the duct for reciter and PA 2, note that the two mounting tabs nearest the PMU fan fit over the tabs of the PMU fan duct.b. Refit the fours screws labeled d or e.c. Plug the fan into the front panel board ( b or c ).7. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 107.Important You must connect the fans to the correct sockets on the front panel board, as shown in Figure 8.1. If the fan con-nections are changed, the wrong fan will be activated when a module needs cooling. The module may then fold back or shut down.
DRAFT 4 104 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Figure 8.1 Replacing the front panel fans50 W base stationdedebc100 W base stationgigf hijreciter 1/50 W PA 1(fan 1)reciter 2/50 W PA 2(fan 2)PMU(fan 3)reciter(fan 1)PMU(fan 3)100 W PA(fan 2)
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 105© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118.7 Replacing the Module Guide RailsThe module guide rails are held in place by four hooks that fit through the slots in the top and bottom of the subrack. There is also a locking tab which prevents the guide rails from working loose.Note Subracks produced from late 2008 onwards have wider slots than earlier subracks. Guide rails designed for these wider slots will not fit older subracks with narrow slots.Removal 1. Bottom Guide Railsa. Insert a small flat-blade screwdriver under the front end of the guide rail and lift it slightly b. This will ensure the small locking tab is clear of the slot in the subrack.b. While holding the front end of the guide rail up, pull the guide rail towards the front of the subrack c and lift it clear of the slots.2. Top Railsa. Insert a small flat-blade screwdriver under the rear end of the guide rail and lift it slightly d. This will ensure the small locking tab is clear of the slot in the subrack.b. While holding the rear end of the guide rail up, pull the guide rail towards the rear of the subrack e and lift it clear of the slots.Refitting 1. Bottom Guide Railsa. With the locating hooks pointing towards the rear of the subrack, insert the hooks into the slots in the subrack.b. Push the guide rail towards the rear of the subrack until you hear the locking tab “click” into place.2. Top Guide Railsa. With the locating hooks pointing towards the front of the subrack, insert the hooks into the slots in the subrack.b. Push the guide rail towards the front of the subrack until you hear the locking tab “click” into place.bottom guide rail top guide railbcde
DRAFT 4 106 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118.8 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect BoardRemoval 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-liminary Disassembly” on page 95.2. Disconnect any system control bus cables and DC power cables from the subrack board.3. Remove the three M3 nuts and spring washers b securing the right end of the board to the subrack.4. Remove the D-range cover c.5. Remove the two retaining clamps d securing the left end and centre of the board.6. Remove the board.Refitting 1. If previously removed, replace the insulator e.2. Refit the board and D-range cover, and secure with the M3 nuts and spring washers. Replace the two retaining clamps.3. Reconnect the system control bus cables and reciter DC cables as shown in “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111.Figure 8.2 Replacing the subrack interconnect boardbecdx3
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 107© Tait Electronics Limited September 20118.9 Final ReassemblyImportant You must fit the correct type of front panel to your base sta-tion. The different types of front panel and fan ducts are explained in “Replacing the Front Panel Fans” on page 102.1. Before fitting the front panel, ensure that all cables are secured and positioned correctly so they are clear of the fan ducts (refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111). Other-wise the panel may not fit properly, or you may damage the cables.2. Refit the Front Panela. Ensure that the fasteners b are in the unlocked position.b. Fit the front panel onto the locating pegs on the subrack. c. Secure each fastener with a quarter turn clockwise.d. Push the self-aligning D-range connector c fully in.3. Before powering up the base station, check that all power, RF and system cables are connected correctly and securely at the rear of the base station.Important When refitting modules, make sure they are fitted correctly into the subrack and all retaining clamps are securely tight-ened. The recommended torque for the retaining clamp screws is 17 lbf ·in (1.9 N·m). As well as holding the modules in place, the retaining clamps push the modules hard against the rear rail of the subrack to ensure a good ground connec-tion between the modules and the subrack.lockedunlockedbc
DRAFT 4 108 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations 109© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Appendix A – Interface Pin AllocationsSystem Interface ConnectorFor the pin allocations for the system interface D-range connector, see “Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs” on page 87.Ethernet ConnectorPMU Auxiliary DC OutputThe pin allocations for the auxiliary DC output on the PMU are given in the following table.Pin Description1 transmit data +2 transmit data –3 receive data +4 not connected5 not connected6 receive data –7 not connected8 not connected12345678external viewPin Description1 + V output2 ground2-pin connector - external viewbc
DRAFT 4 110 Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections 111© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Appendix B – Inter-Module ConnectionsDual 50 W Base StationThe connections between modules at the front of a dual 50 W base station are shown below. DC Supply PA 1 is powered by a direct connection from the PMU. The other modules in the subrack are powered from the PMU via the subrack interconnect board. The DC supply to the reciters is via the system control bus ribbon cable.Dual 50 W base station inter-module connectionsb28 VDC output for PA 1 gtransmit reverse inputcnot used hsystem control bus and 28 VDC inputdsystem control bus itransmit forward outputetransmit reverse output jtransmit forward inputf28 VDC input 1) 28 VDC output to subrack interconnect boardreciter 2PMU reciter 1PA 1PA 2b d e f gdefghijhijd1)c
DRAFT 4 112 Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Single 50 W Base StationThe connections between modules at the front of a single 50 W base station are shown below.DC Supply The PA is powered by a direct connection from the PMU. The other modules in the subrack are powered from the PMU via the subrack interconnect board. The DC supply to the reciter is via the system control bus ribbon cable.Single 50 W base station inter-module connectionsb28 VDC output for PA gtransmit reverse inputcnot used hsystem control bus and 28 VDC inputdsystem control bus itransmit forward outputetransmit reverse output jtransmit forward inputf28 VDC input 1) 28 VDC output to subrack interconnect boardPMU reciterPAb defghijd1)c
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections 113© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011100 W Base StationThe connections between modules at the front of a 100 W base station are shown below.DC Supply The PA is powered by a direct connection from the PMU. The reciter is powered from the PMU via the subrack interconnect board and system control bus ribbon cable.100 W base station inter-module connectionsb28 VDC output to subrack interconnect board gtransmit forward inputcnot used htransmit reverse outputdtransmit reverse input isystem control busesystem control bus and 28 VDC input j28 VDC inputftransmit forward output 1) 28 VDC output for PAPMU reciterPAbijhdefgi1)c
DRAFT 4 114 Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 115© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011TaitNet P25 GlossaryThis glossary contains an alphabetical list of terms and abbreviations related to the TaitNet P25 network and the TB9400 base station.AADC Analog-to-Digital Converter. A device for converting an analog signal to a digital signal that represents the same information.ANI Automatic Number Identification. A service that provides the receiver of a call with a numerical identifier or alphanumeric label of the caller.APCO The Association of Public Safety Communications Officials in the United States. The APCO Project 25 standards committee defined the P25 digital radio standard. The standard is often referred to as APCO or P25.ARP Address Resolution Protocol is an IP protocol used to map IP network addresses to the hardware addresses used by a data link protocol. Bbase station A radio receiver and transmitter that is located in a specific place (at a site) that enables a two-way radio to communicate with a dispatcher or over a larger range with other two-way radios. Specifically, Tait TB9400 equipment in a subrack.battery protection mode A PMU enters battery protection mode when it has AC power but its DC power is below the configured power shutdown voltage. In battery protection mode, the PMU will shut down to protect the battery if it loses AC power. bearer network Telecom equipment that is used to carry user data. BER Bit Error Rate. A measure of the quality of digital transmission, expressed as a percentage. The BER indicates the proportion of errors to correctly received digits in a received signal.
DRAFT 4 116 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011CC4FM Compatible Four-level Frequency Modulation. A modulation scheme defined in the P25 CAI standard for 12.5 kHz bandwidth.CAI Common Air Interface. The over-the-air data formats and protocols defined by the APCO P25 committee.call A complete exchange of information between two or more parties. A call requires a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. In conventional systems, a call is an over, but in trunked systems, a call may be a conversation, made up of a number of overs.Cartesian Loop The reciter’s RF output is fed to the PA through the transmit forward path. A coupled signal from the PA’s RF output is fed back to the reciter through the transmit reverse path. The reciter uses this feedback through a Cartesian Loop to linearize the RF amplification system. Linearization is required to accurately transmit complex waveforms which vary in frequency and amplitude, such as those used in P25 Phase 2.central voting Voting that is centralized at one member of the channel group.channel 1. A path through which signals can flow. 2. In the RF domain, a frequency pair (or just a single frequency in a simplex system). 3. A set of configuration information that defines the frequency pair and other related settings (a channel configuration). “Channel” has this meaning in the web interface.channel group A single logical channel consisting of a set of base stations. The members of a channel group are linked by an IP network and share a common multicast IP address. channel profile A named group of configuration settings that help to define the properties of a channel. Each channel in the channel table must have a channel profile assigned to it.channel spacing The bandwidth that a channel nominally occupies. If a base station has a channel spacing of 12.5 kHz, there must be a separation of at least 12.5 kHz between its operating frequencies and those of any other equipment. channel table The base station’s database of channel configurations.CODEC A device which combines analog-to-digital conversion (coding) and digital-to-analog conversion (decoding).
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 117© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011community repeater Repeater that is shared by several user groups.configuration file Consists of all the configuration settings needed for a base station, stored as a file.conventional network Systems that do not have centralized management of channel access. System operation is entirely controlled by system end users. CWID Continuous Wave Identification is a method of automatically identifying the base station using a Morse code. Continuous wave means transmission of a signal with a single frequency that is either on or off, as opposed to a modulated carrier. DDAC Digital-to-Analog Converter. A device for converting a digital signal to an analog signal that represents the same information.DDC Digital Down Converter. A device which converts the digitized IF signal of the receiver down to a lower frequency (complex baseband) to suit the DSP. dispatcher A person who gives official instructions by radio to one or more SU users.distributed voting Voting for the best RF signal that is carried out separately by each channel group member using the same voting algorithm. dotted quad A method for writing IPv4 addresses. The form is DDD.DDD.DDD.DDD where DDD is an 8-bit decimal number.downlink The transmission path from fixed equipment to SUs.DSP Digital Signal Processor.duplex Providing transmission and reception in both directions simultaneously. duty cycle Used in relation to the PA, it is the proportion of time (expressed as a percentage) during which the PA is transmitting.
DRAFT 4 118 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011EEIA Electronic Industries Alliance. Accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and responsible for developing telecommunications and electronics standards in the USA.EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility. The ability of equipment to operate in its electromagnetic environment without creating interference with other devices.ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute. The non-profit organization responsible for producing European telecommunications standards.Ffailsoft mode An optional operational mode of TaitNet P25 trunked networks. It comes into effect when the channel group loses all connection to the trunking site controller. FCC Federal Communications Commission. The FCC is an independent United States government agency that regulates interstate and international radio communications.feature code The alphanumeric code used to identify a feature set.feature set A function or mode of operation of the base station which can be enabled or disabled using the web interface. Each feature set requires a license to be purchased from Ta it before it can be enabled.feature license key The unique set of digits belonging to a license which is programmed into the base station to enable a feature set.fill-in receiver An additional receiver placed within the coverage area of a base station to receive SU transmissions that are too weak to be received by that base station. FLASH Electrically block-erasable and programmable read-only memory.FM Frequency Modulation. Often used as an adjective to denote analog radio transmission.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 119© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011frequency band The range of frequencies that the equipment is capable of operating on.front panel The cover over the front of the base station containing the indicator LEDs, four-line LCD display, user controls and cooling fans.Ggating The process of opening and closing the receiver gate. When a valid signal is received, the receiver gate opens, letting the signal through. group call A call that is sent to more than one SU simultaneously.Hheartbeat message A message whose purpose is to indicate to the receiver that the sender is operational. hiccup mode Many power supplies switch off in the event of a short-circuit and try to start again after a short time (usually after a few seconds). This “hiccup”-type of switching off and on is repeated until the problem is eliminated.holdover mode A simulcast base station can enter holdover mode when it loses its 1 PPS pulse. Holdover mode temporarily maintains synchronization by phase-locking the transmit clock to the external frequency reference.hostname The unique name by which a network element is known on the network. hub A unit for connecting hosts together. It sends all incoming Ethernet packets to all the other hosts.hysteresis The difference between the upper and lower trigger points. For example, the receiver unmutes when the upper trigger point is reached, but will mute again until the level falls to the lower trigger point. An adequate hysteresis prevents the receiver gate from repeatedly muting and unmuting when the level varies around the trigger point.
DRAFT 4 120 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011II2CA bi-directional two-wire serial bus which is used to connect integrated circuits (ICs). I2C is a multi-master bus, which means that multiple chips can be connected to the same bus, and each one can act as a master by initiating a data transfer. Used in the TB9400 for communications between reciter 1 and the PMU.IMBE Improved Multiband Excitation. A voice compression technology patented by Digital Voice Systems, Inc and used in the vocoders of P25 radios. impairment A measure of signal quality used in channel group voting. Impairment is inversely related to signal quality. The lowest impairment (0) indicates the highest signal quality. The highest impairment (15) indicates the worst signal quality. inbound Describes the direction of a signal: from an SU over the air interface to the fixed station.inhibit A control command that can be sent across the CAI to inhibit an SU. An inhibited SU appears to the user as if it is powered off. IP Internet Protocol is a protocol for sending data packets between hosts.isolator A passive two-port device which transmits power in one direction, and absorbs power in the other direction. It is used in a PA to prevent damage to the RF circuitry from high reverse power.Kkernel The core executable of an operating system.LLAN Local Area Network. A computer network that interconnects computers in a limited area, such as a single building or group of buildings.LDU Link Data Unit. Voice calls are sent over the CAI as a series of LDUs. LED Light Emitting Diode. Also the screen representation of a physical LED.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 121© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011license Some operational functions of the base station are controlled by licenses. Purchasing a license from Ta i t allows you to enable the feature set which includes the required functionality.LSM Linear Simulcast Modulation is a proprietary modulation scheme designed to give optimal performance in simulcast systems, compared to that obtainable using C4FM. Mmarshalling duration The length of time that the voice stream needs to travel from the central voter to the furthest channel group member. The fixed marshalling duration parameter includes the time needed to fill the transmit buffer to the required level. master The channel group master is the member with the control connection to the trunking site controller. multicast group The group of hosts associated with a specific IP multicast address.multicast IP address An IP address that refers to a group of hosts rather than a single host. These hosts will all accept packets with this IP address. mute Prevents audio from being passed to the radio’s speaker. NNAC Network Access Code. The 12 most significant bits of the network identifier information that precedes every packet sent on the CAI. The NAC identifies which network the data belongs to, allowing base stations and mobiles to ignore packets belonging to interfering networks.NAT Network Address Translation allows the use of a single IP address for a whole network of computers. A NAT sits between the public Internet and the network it serves, and works by rewriting IP addresses and port numbers in IP headers on the fly so the packets all appear to be coming from (or going to) the single public IP address of the NAT device instead of the actual source or destination.network element Any device that is network-connected. A TaitNet digital network consists of a number of network elements. The TB9400 base station is a network element designed and manufactured by Tait.
DRAFT 4 122 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011NTP Network Time Protocol is a protocol and software implementation for synchronizing the clocks of computer systems across a network. An NTP server obtains the correct time from a time source and sets the local time in each connected computer.Ooctet A set of 8 bits.Offline mode A mode of operation in which active service is suspended so that special operations can be carried out, such as programming in a new configuration or carrying out invasive diagnostic tests. Online mode The normal operating mode of the base station.outbound Describes the direction of a signal: from a fixed station over the air interface to an SU.over A single transmission, which begins when a user presses PTT and ends when the user stops pressing.PP25 Project 25. A suite of standards and requirements endorsed by the TIA and intended for digital public safety radio communications systems.PA The Power Amplifier is a base station module that boosts the exciter output to the required transmit level.PCB Printed Circuit Board.PMU The Power Management Unit is a module in the base station that provides power to the subrack and monitors power conditions. preamble A well-defined signal that is transmitted at the beginning of digital P25 calls to facilitate downlink voting and to allow the transmit buffer to fill. privileges A set of access rights to the web interface functions. There are Guest, Maintainer, and Administrator privileges.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 123© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Project 25 A project set up by APCO (the Association of Public Safety Communications Officials), together with other US governmental organizations, to develop standards for interoperable digital radios to meet the needs of public safety users.PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network: the public telephone network.PTT Push To Talk. The button on an SU that keys the transmitter.QQoS Quality Of Service. A router feature that gives real-time data such as voice calls priority over other data. Rreceiver number A unique number assigned to the members of a channel group. reciter A module of a base station that provides both receiver and exciter functionality.repeater talkaround Allows the SU user to bypass repeater operation and so communicate directly with other SUs. While repeater talkaround is active, all transmissions are made on the receive frequency programmed for the channel.RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computer. A type of microprocessor that recognizes a relatively limited number of instructions. The reciter’s control board has a RISC microprocessor.router A router is an internetwork packet switch that switches data packets from an input interface to an output interface. The interfaces can be of different types.RS-232 A protocol for serial communications between a DTE (data terminal equipment) and a DCE (data communications equipment) device.RS-485 An updated version of the RS-232 protocol for serial communications between multiple devices.RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator is a level that indicates the strength of the received signal.
DRAFT 4 124 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011RTP Real Time Protocol is an Internet protocol that supports the real-time transmission of voice and data.Rx Receiver.Ssatellite voter A channel group member that has delegated voting activity to a central voter. SAW filter Surface Acoustic Wave filter. A band pass filter that can be used to filter both RF and IF frequencies. A SAW filter uses the piezoelectric effect to turn the input signal into vibrations that are turned back into electrical signals in the desired frequency range. selectivity The ability of a radio receiver to select the wanted signal and reject unwanted signals on adjacent channels (expressed as a ratio). sensitivity The sensitivity of a radio receiver is the minimum input signal strength required to provide a usable signal.signaling profile A named set of configuration items related to signaling that can be applied to any channel. simplex Able to provide transmission and reception in only one direction at a time.simulcast The simultaneous broadcast by more than one transmitter of the same signal on the same frequency.SINAD Signal plus Noise and Distortion is a measure of signal quality. It is the ratio of (signal + noise + distortion) to (noise + distortion). A SINAD of 12 dB corresponds to a signal-to-noise ratio of 4:1.site 1. The base station equipment at a particular location. This includes power supplies, transmitters, receivers, network interfaces and controllers. 2. The location of that equipment.skew A measure used in centrally voted channel groups. If a voice stream arrives at the central voter 20 ms later than the first voice stream from the same SU, it is said to have a skew of 20 ms.
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 125© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011SMR Specialized Mobile Radio. A communications system used by police, ambulances, taxis, trucks and other delivery vehicles. SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. A protocol used (for example) by the trunking site controller to monitor the status of the channel group and its members.SSRC Synchronization source. The SSRC is a large number specified by the trunking controller in its connection message. It uniquely identifies voice streams sent from the master base station.SU Subscriber Unit. The term used in the APCO P25 standard documents for a two-way radio (generally a mobile or a portable radio) conforming to the CAI specifications.supplementary service A term used in the P25 standards. It refers to a group of services that is additional to the basic service that a telecommunications network provides. Examples include encryption and SU monitoring.system control bus Provides the following physical paths in a TB9400 base station:■I2C and RS-485 communications between the modules in the subrack■fan power from the PMU■power connections for the reciter and front panel.TTai tN et Brand name for any PMR network designed and manufactured by Tait Electronics Limited.TaitNet P25 network A set of Tait base stations interconnected by an IP network that can carry voice and data traffic. TB9400 Base Station A P25-compliant base station consisting of the equipment necessary to receive and transmit on one channel. Generally, this means a reciter, a PA, and a PMU. Often abbreviated to TB9400 or base station. TCCP Trunking Channel Control Protocol. A proprietary protocol operating over IP for the exchange of channel control messages between a base station and a trunking site controller. TCP Transmission Control Protocol. A complex protocol on top of IP for sending reliable streams of data with flow control.
DRAFT 4 126 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011TELCO Telephone company.TIA Telecommunications Industry Associationtoggle Describes the switching between two states. If something is on, toggling it turns it off. If it is off, toggling it turns it on.tone A sound wave of a particular frequency.TSBK A Trunking Signaling Block is an over-the-air message format used in digital P25 mode for setting up trunked calls and for supplementary services such as messaging and status updates. Tx Trans m itter.UUDP User Datagram Protocol. A simple protocol on top of IP for sending streams of data.uninhibit A control command that can be sent across the CAI to restore an inhibited SU to normal functioning. uplink The transmission path from SUs to fixed equipment.UTC Coordinated Universal Time (word order from French). An international time standard that has replaced Greenwich Mean Time.Vvalid signal A signal that the receiver unmutes to. A signal is valid, for example, when it is strong enough to be decoded and when it has the specified NAC.voice stream A digitized voice signal that passes through the main switch.VoIP Voice over IP. The name for the technology that puts speech signals in packets and then routes them over an IP backbone network.voting The systematic sampling of a group of channels for the channel with the greatest signal strength. Voting provides wide-area coverage and ensures that
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 127© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011as the user moves throughout the coverage area the strongest channel is always available for a call.VPN Virtual Private Network. A private communications network used to communicate confidentially over a non-private network.VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio is the ratio of the maximum peak voltage anywhere on the transmission line to the minimum value anywhere on the transmission line. A perfectly matched line has a VSWR of 1:1. A high ratio indicates that the antenna subsystem is poorly matched.Wwatchdog A circuit that checks that the system is still responding. If the system does not respond (because the firmware has locked up), the circuit generally resets the system.
DRAFT 4 128 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 129© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011Tait Software License AgreementThis Software License Agreement ("Agreement")is between you (“Licensee”) and Tait ElectronicsLimited (“Tait").By using any of the Software items embedded andpre-loaded in the related Tait Designated Product,included on CD, downloaded from the Tait web-site, or provided in any other form, you agree tobe bound by the terms of this Agreement. If youdo not agree to the terms of this Agreement, donot install or use any of the Software. If you installor use any of the Software, that will be deemed tobe acceptance of the terms of this Agreement.For good and valuable consideration, the partiesagree as follows:Section 1 DEFINITIONS“Confidential Information” means all or anyinformation supplied to or received by Licenseefrom Tait, whether before or after installation oruse and whether directly or indirectly pertainingto the Software and Documentation supplied byTait, including without limitation all informationrelating to the Designated Products, hardware,software; copyright, design registrations, trade-marks; operations, processes, and related businessaffairs of Tait; and including any other goods orproperty supplied by Tait to Licensee pursuant tothe terms of this Agreement.“Designated Products” means products pro-vided by Tait to Licensee with which or for whichthe Software and Documentation is licensed foruse.“Documentation” means product and soft-ware documentation that specifies technical andperformance features and capabilities; user, oper-ation, and training manuals for the Software; andall physical or electronic media upon which suchinformation is provided.“Executable Code” means Software in a formthat can be run in a computer and typically refersto machine language, which is comprised ofnative instructions the computer carries out inhardware. Executable code may also refer to pro-grams written in interpreted languages thatrequire additional software to actually execute.“Intellectual Property Rights” and “Intel-lectual Property” mean the following or theirsubstantial equivalents or counterparts, recog-nized by or through action before any govern-mental authority in any jurisdiction throughoutthe world and including, but not limited to allrights in patents, patent applications, inventions,copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, trade names,and other proprietary rights in or relating to theSoftware and Documentation; including anyadaptations, corrections, de-compilations, disas-semblies, emulations, enhancements fixes, modi-fications, translations and updates to or derivativeworks from, the Software or Documentation,whether made by Tait or another party, or anyimprovements that result from Tait processes or,provision of information services.“Licensee” means any individual or entity thathas accepted the terms of this License.“Open Source Software” means softwarewith freely obtainable source code and license formodification, or permission for free distribution.“Open Source Software License” meansthe terms or conditions under which the OpenSource Software is licensed.“Person” means any individual, partnership,corporation, association, joint stock company,trust, joint venture, limited liability company,governmental authority, sole proprietorship, orother form of legal entity recognized by a govern-mental authority.“Security Vulnerability” means any flaw orweakness in system security procedures, design,implementation, or internal controls that if exer-cised (accidentally triggered or intentionallyexploited) could result in a security breach suchthat data is compromised, manipulated, or stolen,or a system is damaged.“Software” (i) means proprietary software inexecutable code format, and adaptations, transla-tions, de-compilations, disassemblies, emulations,or derivative works of such software; (ii) meansany modifications, enhancements, new versionsand new releases of the software provided by Tait;and (iii) may contain one or more items of soft-ware owned by a third-party supplier. The term"Software" does not include any third-party soft-ware provided under separate license or notlicensable under the terms of this Agreement. “Source Code” means software expressed inhuman readable language necessary for under-standing, maintaining, modifying, correcting, andenhancing any software referred to in this Agree-ment and includes all states of that software priorto its compilation into an executable programme. “Tait” means Tait Electronics Limited andincludes its Affiliates.Section 2 SCOPEThis Agreement contains the terms and condi-tions of the license Tait is providing to Licensee,and of Licensee’s use of the Software and Docu-mentation. Tait and Licensee enter into thisAgreement in connection with Tait delivery ofcertain proprietary Software and/or productscontaining embedded or pre-loaded proprietarySoftware. Section 3 GRANT OF LICENSE3.1. Subject to the provisions of this Agreementand the payment of applicable license fees, Taitgrants to Licensee a personal, limited, non-trans-ferable (except as permitted in Section 7), andnon-exclusive license to use the Software in exe-cutable code form, and the Documentation,solely in connection with Licensee's use of theDesignated Products for the useful life of the Des-ignated Products. This Agreement does not grantany rights to source code.3.2. If the Software licensed under this Agree-
DRAFT 4 130 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011ment contains or is derived from Open SourceSoftware, the terms and conditions governing theuse of such Open Source Software are in theOpen Source Software Licenses of the copyrightowner and not in this Agreement. If there is aconflict between the terms and conditions of thisAgreement and the terms and conditions of theany applicable Open Source Software Licenses,the terms and conditions of the Open SourceSoftware Licenses will take precedence. For infor-mation about Open Source Components con-tained in Tait products and the related OpenSource licenses, see: http://support.taitradio.com/go/opensourceSection 4 LIMITATIONS ON USE4.1. Licensee may use the Software only forLicensee's internal business purposes and only inaccordance with the Documentation. Any otheruse of the Software is strictly prohibited. Withoutlimiting the general nature of these restrictions,Licensee will not make the Software available foruse by third parties on a "time sharing," "applica-tion service provider," "service bureau" basis, orfor any other similar commercial rental or sharingarrangement. 4.2. Licensee will not, and will not directly orindirectly allow or enable any third party to: (i)reverse engineer, disassemble, extract compo-nents, decompile, reprogram, or otherwise reducethe Software or any portion thereof to a humanperceptible form or otherwise attempt to recreatethe source code; (ii) modify, adapt, create deriva-tive works of, or merge the Software; (iii) copy,reproduce, distribute, lend, or lease the Softwareor Documentation to any third party; (iv) grantany sublicense or other rights in the Software orDocumentation to any third party; (v) take anyaction that would cause the Software or Docu-mentation to be placed in the public domain; (vi)remove, or in any way alter or obscure any copy-right notice or other notice of Tait proprietaryrights; (vii) provide, copy, transmit, disclose,divulge or make the Software or Documentationavailable to, or permit the use of the Software by,any third party or on any machine except asexpressly authorized by this Agreement; or (viii)use, or permit the use of, the Software in a man-ner that would result in the production of a copyof the Software by any means whatsoever otherthan what is permitted in this Agreement. Licen-see may make one copy of the Software to be usedsolely for archival, back-up, or disaster recoverypurposes; provided that Licensee may not operatethat copy of the Software at the same time as theoriginal Software is being operated. Licensee maymake as many copies of the Documentation as itmay reasonably require for the internal use of theSoftware.4.3. Unless otherwise authorized by Tait in writ-ing, Licensee will not, and will not enable orallow any third party to: (i) install a copy of theSoftware on more than one unit of a DesignatedProduct; or (ii) copy or transfer Software installedon one unit of a Designated Product to any otherdevice. Licensee may temporarily transfer Soft-ware installed on a Designated Product to anotherdevice if the Designated Product is inoperable ormalfunctioning. Temporary transfer of the Soft-ware to another device must be discontinuedwhen the original Designated Product is returnedto operation and the Software must be removedfrom the other device. 4.4. Licensee will maintain, during the term ofthis Agreement and for a period of two yearsthereafter, accurate records relating to this licensegrant to verify compliance with this Agreement.Tait, or a third party nominated by Tait, mayinspect Licensee’s premises, books and records,upon reasonable prior notice to Licensee, duringLicensee’s normal business hours and subject toLicensee's facility and security regulations. Tait isresponsible for the payment of all expenses andcosts of the inspection, provided that Licenseeshall indemnify Tait for all costs (including auditcosts and legal costs on a solicitor client basis) ifLicensee has breached the terms of this Agree-ment. Any information obtained by Tait duringthe course of the inspection will be kept in strictconfidence by Tait and used solely for the purposeof verifying Licensee's compliance with the termsof this Agreement.Section 5 OWNERSHIP AND TITLETait, its licensors, and its suppliers retain all oftheir Intellectual Property Rights in and to theSoftware and Documentation, in any form. Norights are granted to Licensee under this Agree-ment by implication, estoppel or otherwise,except for those rights which are expresslygranted to Licensee in this Agreement. All Intel-lectual Property developed, originated, or pre-pared by Tait in connection with providing theSoftware, Designated Products, Documentation,or related services, remains vested exclusively inTait, and Licensee will not have any shared devel-opment or other Intellectual Property Rights.Section 6 LIMITED WARRANTY; DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY 6.1. The commencement date and the term of theSoftware warranty will be a period of one (1) yearfrom Tait shipment of the Software. If Licensee isnot in breach of any obligations under this Agree-ment, Tait warrants that the unmodified Software,when used properly and in accordance with theDocumentation and this Agreement, will be freefrom a reproducible defect that eliminates thefunctionality or successful operation of a featurecritical to the primary functionality or successfuloperation of the Software. Whether a defect hasoccurred will be determined solely by Tait. Taitdoes not warrant that Licensee’s use of the Soft-ware or the Designated Products will be uninter-rupted, error-free, completely free of SecurityVulnerabilities, or that the Software or the Desig-nated Products will meet Licensee’s particularrequirements. Tait makes no representations orwarranties with respect to any third-party soft-ware included in the Software. 6.2 Tait sole obligation to Licensee, and Licensee’sexclusive remedy under this warranty, is to usereasonable efforts to remedy any material Soft-ware defect covered by this warranty. Theseefforts will involve either replacing the media orattempting to correct significant, demonstrable
DRAFT 4 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 131© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011program or documentation errors or SecurityVulnerabilities. If Tait cannot correct the defectwithin a reasonable time, then at Tait option, Taitwill replace the defective Software with function-ally equivalent Software, license to Licensee sub-stitute Software which will accomplish the sameobjective, or terminate the license and refundLicensee’s paid license fee. If Tait investigation ofthe perceived defect reveals that no such defect infact exists, Tait may recover its costs in respect ofsuch investigation from Licensee.6.3. Tait disclaims any and all other warrantiesrelating to the Software or Documentation otherthan the express warranties set forth in this Sec-tion 6. Warranties in Section 6 are in lieu of allother warranties whether express or implied, oralor written, and including without limitation anyand all implied warranties of condition, title, non-infringement, merchantability, or fitness for a par-ticular purpose or use by Licensee (whether Taitknows, has reason to know, has been advised of,or is otherwise aware of any such purpose or use),whether arising by law, by reason of custom orusage of trade, or by course of dealing. In addi-tion, Tait disclaims any warranty to any personother than Licensee with respect to the Softwareor Documentation.Section 7 TRANSFERS7.1. Licensee will not transfer the Software orDocumentation to any third party without spe-cific prior written consent from Tait. Tait maywithhold such consent or at its own discretionmake the consent conditional upon the transfereepaying applicable license fees and agreeing to bebound by this Agreement. 7.2. In the case of a value-added reseller or dis-tributor of Tait Designated Products, the consentreferred to in Section 7.1 may be contained in aTait Reseller or Tait Distributor Agreement. 7.3. If the Designated Products are Tait vehicle-mounted mobile products or hand-carried porta-ble radio products and Licensee transfers owner-ship of the Tait mobile or portable radio productsto a third party, Licensee may assign its right to usethe Software which is embedded in or furnishedfor use with the radio products and the relatedDocumentation; provided that Licensee transfersall copies of the Software and Documentation tothe transferee.7.4. For the avoidance of any doubt, Section 7.3excludes TaitNet Infrastructure, or the productslisted at any time under network products at:http://www.taitradio.com.7.5. If Licensee, as a contractor or subcontractor(integrator), is purchasing Tait Designated Prod-ucts and licensing Software not for its own inter-nal use but for end use only by a Customer, theLicensee may transfer such Software, but only if a)Licensee transfers all copies of such Software andthe related Documentation to the transferee andb) Licensee has first obtained from its Customer(and, if Licensee is acting as a subcontractor, fromthe interim transferee(s) and from the ultimateend user sub license) an enforceable sublicenseagreement that prohibits any other transfer andthat contains restrictions substantially identical tothe terms set forth in this Software License Agree-ment. Except as stated in the foregoing, Licenseeand any transferee(s) authorised by this Sectionmay not otherwise transfer or make available anyTait Software to any third party nor permit anyparty to do so. Licensee will, on request, makeavailable evidence reasonably satisfactory to Taitdemonstrating compliance with all the foregoing.Section 8 TERM AND TERMINATION8.1. Licensee’s right to use the Software and Doc-umentation will commence when the DesignatedProducts are supplied by Tait to Licensee and willcontinue for the life of the Designated Productswith which or for which the Software and Docu-mentation are supplied, unless Licensee breachesthis Agreement, in which case this Agreementand Licensee's right to use the Software and Doc-umentation may be terminated immediately uponnotice by Tait. 8.2. Within thirty (30) days after termination ofthis Agreement, Licensee must certify in writingto Tait that all copies of the Software have beenremoved or deleted from the Designated Productsand that all copies of the Software and Documen-tation have been returned to Tait or destroyed byLicensee and are no longer in use by Licensee.8.3. Licensee acknowledges that Tait made a con-siderable investment of resources in the develop-ment, marketing, and distribution of the Softwareand Documentation and that Licensee's breach ofthis Agreement will result in irreparable harm toTait for which monetary damages would be inad-equate. If Licensee breaches this Agreement, Taitmay terminate this Agreement and be entitled toall available remedies at law or in equity includingimmediate injunctive relief and repossession of allnon-embedded Software and associated Docu-mentation. Licensee shall pay all Tait costs (on anindemnity basis) for the enforcement of the termsof this Agreement.Section 9 CONFIDENTIALITY Licensee acknowledges that the Software andDocumentation contain proprietary and Confi-dential Information valuable to Tait and are Taittrade secrets, and Licensee agrees to respect theconfidentiality of the information contained inthe Software and Documentation.Section 10 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY 10.1. In no circumstances shall Tait be under anyliability to Licensee, or any other person whatso-ever, whether in Tort (including negligence),Contract (except as expressly provided in thisAgreement), Equity, under any Statute, or other-wise at law for any losses or damages whethergeneral, special, exemplary, punitive, direct, indi-rect, or consequential arising out of or in connec-tion with any use or inability of using the Soft-ware.10.2. Licensee’s sole remedy against Tait will belimited to breach of contract and Tait sole andtotal liability for any such claim shall be limited atthe option of Tait to the repair or replacement ofthe Software or the refund of the purchase priceof the Software.Section 11 GENERAL 11.1. COPYRIGHT NOTICES. The existenceof a copyright notice on the Software will not be
DRAFT 4 132 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual© Tait Electronics Limited September 2011construed as an admission or presumption of pub-lication of the Software or public disclosure of anytrade secrets associated with the Software.11.2. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS. Licenseeacknowledges that the Software may be subject tothe laws and regulations of the jurisdiction cover-ing the supply of the Designated Products and willcomply with all applicable laws and regulations,including export laws and regulations, of thatcountry. 11.3. ASSIGNMENTS AND SUBCON-TRACTING. Tait may assign its rights or sub-contract its obligations under this Agreement, orencumber or sell its rights in any Software, with-out prior notice to, or consent of, Licensee. 11.4. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shallbe subject to and construed in accordance withNew Zealand law and disputes between the par-ties concerning the provisions hereof shall bedetermined by the New Zealand Courts of Law.Provided however Tait may at its election bringproceedings for breach of the terms hereof or forthe enforcement of any judgment in relation to abreach of the terms hereof in any jurisdiction Taitconsiders fit for the purpose of ensuring compli-ance with the terms hereof or obtaining relief forbreach of the terms hereof.11.5. THIRD-PARTY BENEFICIARIES. ThisAgreement is entered into solely for the benefit ofTait and Licensee. No third party has the right tomake any claim or assert any right under thisAgreement, and no third party is deemed a bene-ficiary of this Agreement. Notwithstanding theforegoing, any licensor or supplier of third-partysoftware included in the Software will be a directand intended third-party beneficiary of thisAgreement.11.6. SURVIVAL. Sections 4, 5, 6.3, 7, 8, 9, 10,and 11 survive the termination of this Agreement.11.7. ORDER OF PRECEDENCE. In theevent of inconsistencies between this Agreementand any other Agreement between the parties, theparties agree that, with respect to the specific sub-ject matter of this Agreement, this Agreementprevails.11.8. SECURITY. Tait uses reasonable means inthe design and writing of its own Software and theacquisition of third-party Software in order tolimit Security Vulnerabilities. While no softwarecan be guaranteed to be free from Security Vul-nerabilities, if a Security Vulnerability is discov-ered, Tait will take the steps specified in Section 6of this Agreement.11.9. SEVERABILITY. In the event that any partor parts of this Agreement shall be held illegal ornull and void by any court or administrative bodyof competent jurisdiction, such determinationshall not affect the remaining terms which shallremain in full force and effect as if such part orparts held to be illegal or void had not beenincluded in this Agreement. Tait may replace theinvalid or unenforceable provision with a validand enforceable provision that achieves the origi-nal intent and economic effect of this Agreement.11.10. CONSUMER GUARANTEES. Licen-see acknowledges that the licenses supplied interms of this agreement are supplied to Licenseein business, and that the guarantees and other pro-visions of prevailing consumer protection legisla-tion shall not apply. 11.11. WHOLE AGREEMENT. Licenseeacknowledges that it has read this Agreement,understands it and agrees to be bound by its termsand conditions. Licensee also agrees that, subjectonly to the express terms of any other agreementbetween Tait and Licensee to the contrary, this isthe complete and exclusive statement of theAgreement between it and Tait in relation to theSoftware. This Agreement supersedes any pro-posal or prior agreement, oral or written, and anyother communications between Licensee and Taitrelating to the Software and the Designated Prod-ucts.

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