Nortel Networks BTR2807NT ReUnion LMDS Transceiver - 28GHz - option 7 User Manual

Nortel Networks Inc. ReUnion LMDS Transceiver - 28GHz - option 7

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Base station

ReunionBTR 28 GHzSub-Bands 28-01P1, 28-01P2 and 28-07POutdoor Microwave TransceiverInstallation GuideRelease 1.2 March 1999411- 1333 - 202
ReunionBTR 28 GHzOutdoor Microwave TransceiverInstallation GuideDocument number: 411- 1333 - 202.01.02Product release: Release 1.2Document version: Preliminary Date: March 1999Copyright Country of printing Confidentiality Legal statements Trademarks 1999 Northern TelecomNorthern Telecom Ltd., all rights reservedPrinted in CanadaNORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL: The information contained in this document is the property of Northern Telecom. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Northern Telecom, the holder of this document shall keep the information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third parties and use same for evaluation, operation, and maintenance purposes only.Information is subject to change without notice.
vBTR 28 GHz Installation GuidePublication historySeptember 1998• Draft release of the document• Information subject to changeMarch 1999• Preliminary release of the document• Information subject to change
vi Publication history411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
vii BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideAbout this guidePurposeThis guide provides the information required to install and operate the BTR 28 GHz outdoor microwave transceiver.The BTR 28 GHz is a key microwave component in the Nortel Reunion base station providing transmission facility for two-way digital wireless voice, data and video communications.The BTR 28 GHz is one of the RF (Radio Frequency) products that constitute a Nortel Reunion product line. The associated products include the following types of cell site equipment: • broadband transmitters • broadband receivers• broadband repeaters• broadband transceiversAudienceThe audience for this document are those who install and operate the BTR 28 GHz. To take full advantage of this guide, you should have a basic understanding of microwave fundamentals and know how to use microwave test equipment.
viii 411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Organization1. This Guide is divided into eight sections:•Product Overview describes the BTR’s components and theory of operation.•Pre-Installation describes the basics of handling the equipment upon arrival.•Reunion Safety Standards provide a quick review of general safety guidelines.•Installing the BTR 28 GHz explains how to physically install the transceiver.•BTR 28 GHz Maintenance describes basic maintenance procedures to ensure that the transceiver is operating correctly.•BTR 28 GHz Diagnostic Reference Chart provides a quick troubleshooting guide.•Grounding and Surge Protection explains basic grounding and lightening protections requirements and methods for the Reunion equipment.•List of terms provides a quick reference to terms and acronyms found in the guide.
ixBTR 28 GHz Installation Guide Release 1.2Documentation SuiteThis Reunion Release has a suite of fifteen documents:Reunion System Overview, 411- 1343 - 010Reunion Network Node Equipment Installation Guide, 411- 1313 - 200Reunion NIU 6054 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 201Reunion NIU 6154 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 202Reunion NIU 5008 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 203Reunion BTR 28 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 202Reunion CTR 28 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 203Reunion BTR 38 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 204Reunion CTR 38 GHz Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1333 - 205Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1313 - 201Reunion Procedures Reference Manual, 411-1343-400DSS for the NNE User Guide, 411-1343-501Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 6054 User Guide, 411-1343-502Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 6154 User Guide, 411-1343-503Reunion DSS 1000 for the NIU 5008 User Guide, 411-1343-504
x 411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Customer SupportIn addition, Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) provides 24-hour customer service and technical support to ensure your service operation is trouble-free. If you have questions or need technical support, contact Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access at the following telephone numbers:• In the USA and Canada, call 972-BWA-ETAS/972-292-3827• Fax (204) 631-2475Write Nortel Networks at:• Nortel NetworksBroadband Wireless Access14 Fultz Blvd.Winnipeg, Manitoba R3Y 1V3CanadaWinnipeg, Manitoba R3Y 1V3CanadaTel: (204) 631-2250; Fax: (204) 631-2475
xiBTR 28 GHz Installation GuideContentsPublication history vAbout this guide viiPurpose viiAudience viiOrganization viiiDocumentation Suite ixCustomer Support xContents xiBTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-1Product Overview 1-1How the BTR 28 GHz Works 1-2BTR 28 GHz Specification 1-4BTR 28 GHz Component Descriptions 1-7Diplexer / Power Supply 1-7Mixer 1-7Dielectric Resonance Oscillator (DRO) 1-7Isolator 1-7Bandpass Filter 1-7Low Noise Amplifier 1-8IF Amplifier 1-8Power Amplifier 1-8Remote Monitor 1-8Antenna 1-8Pre-Installation 1-9Prevention of Access 1-9Unpacking Shipment 1-9Reunion Safety Standards 1-10Safety Disclaimer 1-10General Safety 1-10Electrical Safety 1-10Installing the BTR 28 GHz 1-11Attaching the Antenna 1-11Installing the Tower Equipment 1-12Dual Mount Bracket 1-13Installing the Dual Mount Bracket 1-14Installing Indoor Equipment 1-19BTR 28 GHz Maintenance 1-29
xii411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Mechanical Checks 1-29BTR 28 GHz Diagnostic Reference Chart 1-30Grounding and Surge Protection 2-1Grounding/Lightning Protection 2-1Scope 2-1Grounding Methods/Indoor Equipment 2-1Wire Gauge Guidelines 2-2Outdoor Equipment: the need for surge (lightning) protection 2-3Ground connections to outdoor equipment 2-7Regulatory Considerations 2-10List of terms 3-1
1-1 BTR 28 GHz Installation Guide1BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2Product OverviewThe BTR 28 GHz outdoor transceiver is a state-of-the-art broadband microwave transceiver designed to operate in the 27.5485 to 27.745 GHz frequency band downstream and the 28.5565 to 28.7525 GHz frequency band upstream. It is a combined broadband transmitter and receiver deployed in Reunion’s point-to-multipoint system. It is compatible with Reunion’s Release 1.2 equipment.The BTR 28 GHz transceiver is mounted on a pole or a building. It features a small size and low noise characteristics. The combination of digital modulation and low-loss mounting results in an efficient and low-cost installation. It has a high-stability reference oscillator.The BTR 28 GHz features the following attributes:• light-weight and compact packaging designed for mounting outdoors • solid-state upconverter and downconverter designs• high frequency stability over a wide temperature range• 48 VDC input for use around the worldThe transceiver comprises the following components:•diplexer• power supply•mixers• local oscillator•isolators• bandpass filters• low noise amplifier (LNA)• power amplifier• antenna• remote monitor unit• IF amplifier
1-2 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 1-1 BTR 28 GHz Block DiagramHow the BTR 28 GHz WorksThis section provides an overview of the theory of operation for the BTR 28 GHz outdoor transceiver.Its installation on a pole or building enhances transmitting and receiving capabilities by avoiding the need for long expensive waveguide runs. This technique minimizes the power loss from waveguide attenuation, which results in a highly efficient, compact and cost-effective installation.The high-stability reference oscillator ensures that the transmitter and receiver remain on frequency over a wide operating range, which results in a highly efficient, compact and cost-effective installation. The radio uses a common input cable to carry the 48 VDC and transmit intermediate frequencies (IFs). The power supply and the IF signals are separated by the diplexer in the radio. The radio uses a sector antenna for both the transmit and receive microwave signals.AntennaDiplexerP. A m pLNARX FilterTX FilterIF OutputIF/PS InputDRO 12 VDCMixerMixerIF AMP Modem/Monitor To RSM 9016IF Test PortLO Test PortPower Supply DectectorAlarm ÕV GND 12VTo Monitor BoardDectector
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-3BTR 28 GHz Installation Guide1. The BTR transceiver’s input coaxial cable carries the IF signals and the power supply to the diplexer. The diplexer distributes the power to the power supply unit and interfaces with the mixer for the IF signals.2. The 450-650 MHz transmit IF signals enter the mixer which upconverts the signals to the 27.5485-27.7485 GHz band for the transmit path. The received RF band is downconverted to a receive signal in the 358-558 MHz range.3. The local oscillator (LO) provides local oscillator signal to the mixer. The LO uses a phase-locked dielectric resonance oscillator (DRO) with an oven controlled crystal oscillator (OCXO).4. The bandpass filters remove the undesired sideband signals, in both the transmit and receive paths.5. The upconverted signal is fed into the power amplifier which provides the required gain to the microwave signals. The power amplifier output is connected to the antenna through the antenna mounting flange.6. The received RF simultaneously passes through the antenna mounting flange, where the pass band is filtered and amplified by the Low Noise Amplifier (LNA). The signal is fed into the mixer path.7. The downconverted signal is fed into the IF amplifier which provides the required gain to the IF signals. The IF amplifier’s output is connected to the IF (RX) output port.8. The remote monitor unit is monitoring the BTR 28 GHz working status, (temperature, RF output power, power supply voltage and local oscillator status).There are five connectors on the outside of the transceiver case:• The IF (TX) power supply input uses a Type N female jack • The IF (RX) output uses a Type N female jack• Telemetry connector uses a 6 pin military style connector• Test Port (2) use female SMA jack
1-4 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999BTR 28 GHz SpecificationTable 1: BTR 28 GHz Technical SpecificationsTX IF Input RF OutputFrequency Range 28-01P1 28-01P2 28-07P538-650 MHz 27.5485-27.6605 GHz27.6325-27.7445 GHz29.1-29.25 GHzOutput Level (P1 dB) ≥27 dBm, -40° to +30° C≥26.7 dBm, +31° to +50° C≥26.2 dBm, +51° to +55° COutput Level (IP3) > +35 dBmInput Impedance 50 OhmsInput/Output Connector N-Type Female WR-28Input/Output VSWR 1.8:1, maximum 1.6:1, max (or 13 dB)Gain (not including antenna) 30 dBm, minimumGain vs. Temperature ±2.0 dB, (-40° to +55° C)Gain Flatness ±1 dB over 200 MHz BWLO leakage <-43 dBm (outband)Frequency Stability <±2 ppm, (-40° to +55° C)RX RF Input IF OutputFrequency Range 28-01P1 28-01P228.5565-28.6685 GHz 28.6405-28.7525 GHz358-470 MHzNominal Input Level -P1dB - 26 dBmInput/Output Connector WR-28 Cover Flange N-Type FemaleInput P1 dB -26 dBmOutput Impedance 50 OhmsInput/Output VSWR 1.6:1, max (or 13 dB) 1.8:1, maximumGain (not including antenna) 34 dB, minimumGain Flatness ±1 dB over bandwidthGain Stability <±3 dB over temperatureFrequency Stability <±2 ppm, (-40° to +55° C)Noise Figure SSB < 7.5 dB, -40° to +30° C< 7.8 dB, +31° to +50° C< 7.8 dB, +51° to +55° C
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-5BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideNote: Use the following formula to calculate the converted frequency: TX: ƒRF OUT (GHz) = 28.1985 - ƒIF IN (GHz) RX: ƒIF OUT (GHz) = ƒRF IN (GHz) - 28.1985 Antenna BTRFrequency 27.5-29.5 GHzGain +15.5 dBi, 90° HornInput/output microwave connector for the antenna WR-28Mounted on transceiver housing WR-28 flangeSize (Length x Height x Width) 10" x 9" x 2" (90°)TX / RX wave polarity linear, single pole (horizontal or vertical)Sectorized Angle Available 15°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°Power Supply BTRInput Voltage ±48 VDCInput Current <2 AmpInput Power 100 Watts, maximumEnvironmental BTRHumidity 100% condensingAltitude 10,000 feetOperating Temperature -40° to +55°CStorage Temperature Range -45° to +85°CMechanical BTRSize (Height x Width x Depth) 19.2" x 10.3" x 6.7" (49 x 26 x 17 cm)Weight without brackets 35 lbs. (16KG)
1-6 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999RX Test Port - 30 dBc, SMA femaleRX RF Input IF Output
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-7BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideBTR 28 GHz Component DescriptionsDiplexer / Power SupplyThe diplexer separates the IF input signals and the DC power supply. The isolation between the IF path and the power supply path is more than 45 dB. There is also a transient voltage protector on the board to protect the transceiver from possible lightning damage.The 48 VDC power from the diplexer is first regulated to 12 VDC, and then sent to all the modules. Mixer The BTR 28 GHz uses a third harmonic mixer. The mixer uses a 9.3995 GHz local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the IF input signals to the 27.5485-27.7485 GHz microwave frequency band. The same LO is used to downconvert the incoming microwave signals to the receive IF frequency band.Dielectric Resonance Oscillator (DRO)The Dielectric Resonance Oscillator is equipped with a OCXO reference oscillator. When the DRO is phase-locked, it provides a 9.3945 GHz microwave frequency with the same frequency stability as the reference crystal.When the DRO is phase-locked, the phase-locked voltage at the test port on the DRO can vary from 3 VDC to 10 VDC depending on the chassis temperature and the input reference frequency. The voltage at the alarm test port is approximately 5 VDC.When the DRO is unlocked, the phase-locked voltage becomes an oscillating ramp wave. The voltage at the alarm test port goes down to 0 VDC.IsolatorThree isolators provide adequate return loss in the BTR 28 GHz. Each isolator’s maximum forward insertion loss is 0.5 dB, and its return loss is greater than 18 dB.Bandpass FilterThe bandpass filter removes the undesired sideband elements and LO leakage, and passes the required sideband signals.
1-8 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Low Noise AmplifierThe low noise amplifier (LNA) provides gain in the receive path and amplifies the received microwave signals to the mixer. The gain and noise figure of the LNA are chosen to maximize the overall dynamic range and noise performance of the BTR 28 GHz receiver section.IF AmplifierThe IF amplifier provides gain in the downconverted received signals to the required level. It uses a VHF amplifier with 50 Ohms input and output impedance.Power AmplifierThe power amplifier provides gain in the transmit path. It boosts the signals in the 27.5485-27.7485 GHz frequency range to the required level. The amplifier is a solid state amplifier that has high linearity within a high output power range.Remote MonitorThe remote monitor unit provides an interface for remotely monitoring the BTR 28 GHz. The unit communicates with the RSM 9016 by way of a shielded twisted pair wire cable. An operator can remotely measure and monitor RF output power (0 to 27 dBm), DRO phase voltage (0 to 10 volts), DRO phase lock alarm (0, 1), internal temperature (-40 to +80°C) and power supply voltage (12 volts). Refer the Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, 411-1313-201, Maintenance Release and the Reunion DSS 1000 (Digital System Supervisor) User Manual, 411-1343-500.AntennaThe BTR 28 GHz uses a sector antenna for transmitting and receiving RF signals. Physically, the antenna consists of two horns. One horn is connected to the transmit side and the other one is connected to the receiver RF input. The antenna is shipped either vertical-vertical (Tx-Rx) or horizontal-horizontal. Note: Lightening arrestors are not supplied with the BTR transceiver.
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-9BTR 28 GHz Installation GuidePre-InstallationPrevention of AccessAllow only authorized personnel to access the equipment. Install the equipment in a restricted-access location or similar environment. Failure to prevent unauthorized user access invalidates the equipment warranty.Unpacking ShipmentUse the following steps to unpack and inspect the shipment of Nortel Broadband Wireless Access equipment:1. Copy adequate inventory forms2. Check each package against the order form and packing slip to ensure that all components are received3. Check each package for signs of damage4. Open the package and closely inspect all components for obvious signs of damage5. Know exactly where you are going to place the equipment, before removing them from the package 6. Carefully remove the equipment from the packaging7. Save packing material for future use8. Be aware of electrostatic discharge devices (ESD) requirements when handling BWA equipmentNote: For more information, refer to the Electronic Industries Association (EIA) standard, Requirements for Handling Electrostatic-Discharge-Sensitive Devices (ESDS), EIA-625, as well as local and national standards.
1-10 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Reunion Safety Standards Safety and safety considerations are important while using Nortel Broadband Wireless Access equipment. Safety DisclaimerThe safety standards discussed in this guide cannot address all safety problems associated with their use or all applicable regulatory requirements. The customers are responsible for establishing appropriate safety and health practices and for determining the applicability of regulatory limitations before their use.General SafetyEnsure that installation personnel are trained on CPR (Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation), as well as on local, regional and national safety standards.When working on Nortel Broadband Wireless Access equipment, follow these guidelines:• Keep your work site clean and free of clutter.• Wear close fitting clothing.• Remove jewelry such as rings, bracelets, or watches.• Where it is possible to dislodge small pieces, wear eye protection.• Place equipment or cabinets on level surfaces.• Wear a safety belt when climbing a tower and installing equipment on a tower.• Work in pairs so that you have someone to help in case of an emergency.Electrical SafetyLocate the main power shut-off switch controlling the equipment you are working on. This is important in the event of an accident, so you can quickly cut the power.Disconnect all power when working on power supplies.In an emergency (electrocution):• shut the power off • have someone call for emergency medical assistance•start CPRWarning Do not move in front of the antenna, nor look directly into the face of the antenna when the BTR 28 GHz is running.
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-11BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideInstalling the BTR 28 GHzInstallation is performed in three separate operations:• attaching the antenna • installing the tower equipment• installing the indoor equipmentAttaching the Antenna Attach the antenna to the BTR as follows:Ensure that you attach the antenna to the BTR radio at the base station prior to mounting the BTR 28 GHz to the pole.1. Align the antenna with the two dowel pins that act as an index.2. Place the flat washer against the antenna flange, followed by the lock washer and then the screw.3. Use an Allen wrench # 8 to hard tighten the socket head cap screw to a maximum of 28 inch-pounds torque. 4. Complete steps 4 and 5 for all eight socket head cap screws.5. Ensure that the screw is inserted at the top of the antenna to prevent water entering the antenna. However, loosen it halfway. The bottom screw is removed to allow condensation to drain from the antenna. See Figures 1- 10 and 1- 11.Note: This is a redundant radio system and two BTRs need to be mounted close to each other. One radio is active and the other one is a stand-by. When the BTRs are mounted side by side, ensure that the spacing between the antennas is a minimum 6 inches (for 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90° sectors). When the BTRs are mounted one on top of the other, ensure that the spacing between the antennas is a minimum 1 inch (this is applicable to a 9 elevation beam width.
1-12 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Installing the Tower EquipmentInstall the BTR 28 GHz microwave transceiver as follows:The radio mounting saddle has no paint on the inside surface in order to provide a grounding.1. Ensure that the radio mounting surface on the pole is free of paint to provide a grounding.2. Mount the BTR 28 GHz to a stable pole using the supplied mounting brackets. The mounting brackets accommodate poles with outside diameters from 2.5" to 4.5". See Figures 1-11, 1-12, 1-15, 1-16, and 1-21.3. There are four 1/2” 13 UNC threaded rods, along with four hex head nuts and flat and lock washers. Thread the rod into the saddle bracket, then tighten with the nut. The flat washer is against the exterior of the bracket, followed by the lock washer and then the nut.4. Ensure connectors are facing down. 5. Install the BTR 28 GHz so that the fin array (heat sink) is positioned away from external barriers to allow heat dissipation through natural convection and radiation. See Figures 1-11, 1-17, 1-18, and 1-21. The BTR 28 GHz requires 48 VDC power supply unit. 6. Connect the TX/power coaxial cable from the RPE 9000’s TX female N-Type connector to the BTR’s N-type IF and PS IN port.7. Connect the RF coaxial cable from the RPE 9000’s RX female N-Type connector to the BTR’s N-type IF OUT port. 8. Connect the telemetry cable from the BTR 28 GHz to the RPE 9000’s telemetry connector. There is a 300 baud modem connection between the BTR 28 GHz, the RPE 9000 and the RSM 9016. See Figures 1-11 and 1-17. 9. Seal all connections using Coax-Seal®, cold shrink or hot shrink tubing.10. Ground all RF cables at the recommended spacing intervals. (Refer to tower and cable manufacturers’ specifications).11. Ensure that all feed lines are securely attached to the support structure. Plan for drip (service) loops on all cables.12. The BTR 28 GHz has a vertical range of motion of +7° over and -23° under the horizon, as shown in Figures 1-13 and 1-14.13. Refer to Outline and Installation Drawing # PO 883482 and the Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, 411-1313-201.CautionDo not turn on the power supply until the installation is complete.After you install the equipment, check the cable connections.
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-13BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideDual Mount BracketThe dual mount bracket provides a single mounting facility for both the primary and the redundant microwave transceivers, and the RPE 9000. In turn, it is mounted on the single pole facility supplied by the network operator. The installer can adjust the elevation of either the individual transceiver or both transceivers in unison. The installer can adjust the lateral angle of the entire radio assembly. A stabilizing collar facilitates the operation of adjusting the lateral angle of the radio as well as secures the unit to the pole. The stabilizing collar consists of a saddle bracket and clamp that are bolted onto the mounting pole. The dual mount bracket sits on the stabilizing collar.Figure 1-2Installed Dual Mount Bracket with TransceiversStabilizing CollarBTRSaddle BracketDual Mount Bracket
1-14 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Installing the Dual Mount BracketInstallation involves five separate operations:• installing the stabilizing collar• mounting the RPE to the dual mount bracket• mounting the dual mount bracket to the mounting pole• mounting radios to the bracket• mounting the adjustment arm to the dual mount bracketInstalling the Stabilizing CollarBolt the saddle bracket and clamp to the mounting pole. Refer to Figure 1-2.Mount the stabilizing collar first to provide support for the dual mount bracket.Installing the RPEMount the RPE 9000 between the two transceivers. The front plate faces frontward and the back plate faces backward. Refer to Figures 1-3 and 1-4.Place the RPE flush against the inside back panel of the dual mount bracket. Align the holes.Insert the screws into the holes and secure the RPE to the dual mount bracket.Use four 1/4" by 1" long bolts, as well as four hex nuts, four lock washers and four flat washers.Installing Dual Mount BracketMount the dual mount bracket (base assembly A0765861) to the mounting pole using the supplied clamps and bolts.Attach the two clamps (P0887173) onto the base assembly/dual mount bracket using four 1/2" bolts, four 1/2" lock washers and four 1/2" flat washers.Screw two 1/2" by 6 1/4" long threaded rods into each clamp.Position the clamps close to the mounting pole, with the rods straddling the pole. Place the saddle supports (P0890191) on the opposite side of pole and screw the threaded rods through them. Secure them with flat and lock washers and hex nuts.Sit dual mount bracket onto stabilizing collar for support.
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-15BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideInstalling the Radios Install the primary transceiver on the left exterior side of the dual mount bracket (front view). Refer to Figure 1-3.Insert the compression lug, adjacent to the unpainted area of the bracket unit, and secure with 3/8" screw and flat and spring washers. Crimp a number 6 AWG ground wire to the lug.Insert the top two 3/8" screws and secure with flat and spring washers.Position the back-up transceiver on the right interior side of the bracket (front view). Secure it the same way as the primary transceiver. Note: The dual mount bracket with the RPE and two transceivers weighs approximately 100 lbs.Installing the Adjustment ArmMount the adjustment arm/handle assembly (P0888357) to the bottom of the dual mount bracket. Refer to Figure 1-3.Position the left side of the handle on the left interior side and the right side of the handle on the right exterior side of the dual mount bracket assembly.Screw four 3/8" by 7/8" long bolts through the mount to each transceiver, two bolts per side. Secure with flat and spring washers.The adjustment arm with the transceivers attached can be adjusted up and down vertically. It can be adjusted 23° down and 7° up, that is angled down or up. Refer to Figures 1-7 and 1-8.The polarity of the transmit and receive signals at the transceivers’ antennas are separated by 90°. Horizontal and vertical polarity is marked on the antennas.Note: The bracket can accommodate a range in pole diameter between 2.5" and 4.5" (outside diameter). Wind loading spec: maximum 45 pounds lateral force in any direction during a 100 MPH wind
1-16 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 1-3Dual Mount Bracket-Front ViewFigure 1-4Dual Mount Bracket-Bottom ViewBack-up TransceiverPrimary TransceiverRPE unitAntennaAdjustment Arm/Handle AssemblyAntennaBTR TransceiverHeat SinkRPE unitSaddle BracketMounting PoleAdjustment Arm
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-17BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideFigure 1-5Dual Mount Bracket-Top ViewFigure 1-6Dual Mount Bracket-Side View
1-18 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 1-7Dual Mount Bracket-Adjustment Above HorizonFigure 1-8Dual Mount Bracket-Adjustment Below Horizon7°23°
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-19BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideInstalling Indoor EquipmentBoth the primary and the redundant BTR 28 GHzs are connected to and switched by the RPE 9000. The RPE 9000 is connected to both the RSM 9016 and the RSM 9116. The RSM 9016 is connected to the SMMs, while the RSM 9116 is connected to the SDMs. The RSM 9016, RSM 9116, SMMs (Signal Modulator Module) and SDMs (Signal Demodulator Module) are installed in the NNE (Network Node Equipment unit). The SMMs modulate ATM cells for wireless transport, while the SDMs interface RF to digital at the base station and demodulates the QAM signal.Install the indoor equipment associated with the BTR 28 GHz microwave transceiver as follows:1. Connect the telemetry cable from the RPE 9000’s telemetry connector to the RSM 9016.2. Connect the TX/PS coaxial cable from the RPE 9000 to the RSM 9016.3. Connect the RX coaxial cable from the RPE 9000 to the RSM 9116.4. Refer to the Reunion Redundancy Switching Matrix Installation Guide, 411-1313-201.5. Refer to site specific documentation for detailed information, such as the supplied engineer’s documentation. Figure 1-9 Block Diagram showing BTR 28 GHz indoor set-upRPE 9000ABTR 28 GHzBRSM 9016 RSM 9116SMMs SDMsTelemetryTelemetryTX/PS TX/PS RXRXTelemetr yRXTX/PS-48 DC....... ......BTR 28 GHz
1-20 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 1-10BTR 28 GHz Side ViewHVScrewCenter of GravityConnectorsRemove bottomscrew for drainage Lens Scews to hold lensAntennaAntenna Flange
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-21BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideFigure 1-11The BTR 28 GHz Bottom View Saddle BracketMount PoleAntennaDRO Test PortVHF Test PortFin Array/Heat SinkTX/PS Inputconnect to N Type RX IF cableconnect to N TypeCenter of GravityRemove bottomscrew for drainageTelemetry ConnectorScrews to hold lensAntenna FlangeThreaded RodHex Head Nut
1-22 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 1-12BTR 28 GHz Mounted to a PoleMount PoleBracketsConnectorsAntennaBTR 28 GHzCenter of GravityScrew
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-23BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideFigure 1-13 BTR 28 GHz-Adjustment Above HorizonFigure 1-14BTR 28 GHz-Adjustment Below Horizon7°AntennaMount Pole23°AntennaMount Pole
1-24 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 1-15BTR 28 GHz-Bracket ComponentsFigure 1-16BTR 28 GHz BracketsBracketsattached toBTR 28 GHz
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-25BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideFigure 1-17BTR 28 GHz Connectors -Bottom ViewFigure 1-18BTR 28 GHz Fin ArrayFin ArrayTX/PS InputRX IF OutputTelemetry ConnectorVHF Test PortDRO Test PortSaddle BracketFin array (heat sink) Connectors
1-26 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 1-19BTR 28 GHz Antenna FlangeFigure 1-20BTR 28 GHz RadioFin array (heat sink)FlangeDowel Pin HoleDowel Pin HoleAntenna Mounting HolePole BracketConnectorsFlangeFin array (heat sink)ConnectorsAntenna Mounting HolePole Bracket
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-27BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideFigure 1-21BTR Mounted on a PoleFigure 1-22BTR AntennaAntenna Mounting HolePole BracketFin ArrayDowel Pin HoleFlangeScrewsLens AntennaAntenna FlangeSupport BossWaveguide OpeningLocating pinsGasket
1-28 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 1-23BTR prototype showing antennaAntennaConnectorsFin ArraySupport BossAntenna Flange
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-29BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideBTR 28 GHz MaintenanceEstablish a regular check procedure. This quickly identifies any problem which might develop. There are no repairable internal components in the BTR 28 GHz. Therefore, the checks focus on the exterior features of the transceiver unit.Mechanical ChecksCheck the following mechanical areas to prevent problems:1. Check the bolts and fasteners which hold the transceiver, waveguides, and antenna. Vibrations due to wind can cause bolts and fasteners to loosen. Verify that equipment is secure and properly mounted. If the bolts or fasteners are loose, tighten them carefully. Use lock and spring washers.2. Check to ensure that all connections between the transceiver and antenna remain watertight. If water enters the waveguide or coaxial connections, it can cause attenuation of the microwave signals. If water is detected, call Nortel Broadband Wireless Access.3. Visually inspect all equipment for signs of external damage. If signs of damage are detected, call Nortel Broadband Wireless Access.Note: If you detect an unsolvable problem during the electrical and mechanical inspections, contact Nortel Broadband Wireless Access so that action can be taken to rectify the problem.
1-30 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999BTR 28 GHz Diagnostic Reference ChartSymptom Possible Cause Check ProcedureOutput power low 1. VHF input signal level low. a. Check VHF signal level.b. Check coaxial cable.c. Check cable connectors.d. Check blockage (for example guano) No power a. Check main fuse powerb. Check cable connectionsIf you detect any problem during the electrical and mechanical checks, contact Nortel Broadband Wireless Access so that action can be taken to rectify the problem.CautionWarranty void if seal is opened. This means do not attempt to remove cover.CautionWarranty void if BTR is not equipped with lightening arrestor.
BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-31BTR 28 GHz Installation Guide
1-32 BTR 28 GHz Release 1.2411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
2-1 BTR 28 GHz Installation Guide2Grounding and Surge ProtectionGrounding/Lightning ProtectionScope This chapter presents guidelines for the grounding and electrical protection of Reunion equipment in typical buildings, assuming 1. indoor equipment is installed in an appropriate equipment room and 2. outdoor equipment is installed on rooftops using a pole mount. Further, Nortel Networks assumes building electrical systems comply with the appropriate national and local regulations.Grounding Methods/Indoor EquipmentComponents of a communications system can be grounded together using an isolated bonding network (IBN). The IBN can be configured in several different ways:1. Mesh2. Mesh – IBN with bonding mat3. Star or sparse-meshIn turn, the IBN is bonded at a single point to the Common Bonding Network (CBN) that forms the principal bonding network in a building. Figure 2-1 shows a typical installation:
2-2 Grounding and Surge Protection411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 2-1Typical Grounding configuration for Indoor EquipmentThe single point ground (SPG) represents the connection of IBN to the building grounding system.Wire Gauge GuidelinesMain bonding conductorsAll main bonding conductors in the equipment room shall be No. 2 AWG or larger copper wires.Other bonding conductorsAll other bonding conductors in the room, including• bonding individual frames/cabinets to the collector cable, supplementary conductor or BPG • bonding conductors of other metallic objects such as cable trays and building utility equipment are No. 6 AWG or larger insulated copper conductors.SPG Cabinet 1 Cabinet 2 Cabinet 3 Cabinet NMesh ConnectionCollector Cable
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-3BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideOutdoor Equipment: the need for surge (lightning) protectionApart from the need to provide good grounding for safety, outdoor equipment is subject to more environmental hazards than is indoor equipment. Radio communication equipment, with antennas mounted well above ground level, have conductive parts exposed to lightning. Safety needs are met by grounding practices and protection needs are met by a combination of grounding and protective devices. Many protective devices are available: • air terminals, • solid state OVPs, • filters, •zeners, • MoVs, •isolators • capacitors, • resistors, • QWS and more. The application of these devices is beyond the scope of this document. The equipment designer needs to consider both the protection requirements and the geographic region where the equipment is installed. Grounding and Lightning ProtectionIn general, all exposed metallic equipment must be grounded. Besides the need for lightning protection, it is desirable to conduct induced current to ground through as low a resistance as possible, along as short a path as possible. In practice this means multiple ground connections and multiple conductors. Figure 2-2 shows a typical rooftop installation of Reunion customer premise equipment. Figure 2-3 shows a typical rooftop installation of Reunion base station transceiver (BTR). The radio equipment should, where possible, be grounded through the ground lug using a 6AWG bonding wire to the building common bonding network. Alternatively, the equipment can be grounded through the mounting bracket. Provision must be made to prevent corrosion on the metallic contact surfaces. Similarly, the installer shall ensure that there is a good metallic connection to the building CBN. If a common mounting plate is used for the two redundant BTRs and the radio power extractor (RPE), the installer shall insure that ground continuity to the CBN is maintained and corrosion protection is applied. The common
2-4 Grounding and Surge Protection411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999mounting plate should be considered as an alternative bonding to the preferred technique of separately bonding each BTR and RPE. The size of the bonding wire should be #6 AWG.The coaxial cable shall be bonded at least at the RPE/BTR/CTR and at the building entry. For a tower higher than 30 meters (98 ft), the cable shall be bonded at 30 meter intervals. The size of the bonding conductor shall be #6 AWG or larger.Mount the radio in an area protected from lightning strikes. If local conditions require an air terminal, install it in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 780. The air terminals are shown schematically in Figures 1-2 and 1-3. The air terminal (lightning rod) if used, is at least 1 meter (3.3 ft) above the highest object being protected and within 2 meters (6.6 ft) ± 30 cm (1.0 ft) of the object. CautionDo not install Reunion equipment on lightning protection air terminals.
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-5BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideFigure 2-2Rooftop Installation of Reunion Base Radio EquipmentNOTEThe outer coaxial cable conductor isbonded (grounded) at the buildingentrance and at the customerpremise transceiver (CTR).SurgearrestorsLightningrodBuildingentranceGroundingplateto commonbonding networkto commonbonding network2 m ± 30 cm6.6 ± 1.0 ftSteel pipemount6.4 cm(2.5 in.)1 m3.3 ftCTR
2-6 Grounding and Surge Protection411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 2-3 Rooftop Installation of Reunion Base Radio Equipment NOTEThe outer conductor of the coaxialcable is grounded at the buildingground’s entrance and at the BTR.On the building side, the RPEcomes equipped with surgearrestors.Lightningrodto commonbonding network2 m ± 30 cm6.6 ± 1.0 ftSteel pipemount6.4 cm(2.5 in.)1 m3.3 ftBTRBTRBuildingentranceGroundingplateto commonbonding networkRPESurgearrestorsSurgearrestorsRedundantradios
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-7BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideGround connections to outdoor equipmentThe grounding lug is supplied with all current releases of outdoor brackets. In addition, a 6 AWG braided ground wire connected to the common bonding network is required to complete the ground connection for all microwave products.Note: There is no grounding lug supplied with previously-released microwave products. To retrofit these installations, order one retrofit kit for each sector and use the following procedures.Retrofit procedure for grounding the base station equipment (BTR and RPE)You will need an NTVG15BA BTR and RPE grounding retrofit kit for every base station sector to be retrofitted, containing the following parts:Use the following method to install the kit on the BTR, referring to Figure 2-4:1Remove the 3/8” mounting bolt, two flat washers and the mounting washer from the BTR. Discard one flat washer and the locking washer.2Crimp the 3/8 terminal (A0297956) onto the grounding wire.3Install the existing bolt, flat washer, new internal tooth washer, and the complete ground cable as shown in Figure 2-4.Use the following method to install the kit on the RPE, referring to Figure 2-4:1Remove the 1/4” mounting bolt and split lock washer as shown in Figure 2-4.2Crimp the 1/4 terminal (A0315080) onto the grounding wire.3Install the ¼” original mounting bolt and a stainless steel internal tooth washer.4Repeatedly tighten and loosen the fastener assembly, rotating the internal tooth lock washer, until the powder coating is scraped off and the bare metal is exposed. Repeat this procedure if required.5Discard the internal tooth washer used to remove the powder coating.6Using new stainless steel internal tooth washers, assemble the complete ground cable connection, as per Figure 2-4.Item Qty Vendor part no. Description CPC no.1 2 LCA6-38 6 AWG, 3/8” compression terminal (Panduit) for BTR A02979562 1 LCA6-14 6 AWG, 1/4” compression terminal (Panduit) for RPE A03150803 2 W-2064 1/4” Stainless steel internal tooth lock washer (Spaenaur) for RPE TBD4 2 W-2069 3/8” Stainless steel internal tooth lock washer (Spaenaur) for BTR TBD
2-8 Grounding and Surge Protection411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Figure 2-4Grounding the BTR and RPERetrofit procedure for grounding the customer premise equipment (CTR)You will need an NTVG15CA CTR grounding retrofit kit for every CTR to be retrofitted, containing the following parts:Item Qty Vendor part no. Description CPC no.1 5 LCA6-38 1/4” Stainless steel internal tooth lock washer (Spaenaur) TBD2 1 LCA6-14 6 AWG, 1/4” compression terminal (Burndy) for CTR A03150803 3 1/4” stainless steel flat washer P08837974 1 1/4” x 1” Stainless steel hex head bolt P08885015 2 MS35649-2254 1/4” Stainless steel nut P0860421Internal toothlock washerExistingflat washerExisting Hex headcapscrewCable (notprovided)Internal tooth lockwasherExisting socket headcapscrewExisting splitlock washerCable (notprovided)BTRRPE
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-9BTR 28 GHz Installation GuideUse the following method to install the kit on the CTR, referring to Figure 2-5:1Install the ¼” stainless steel hex bolt, stainless steel flat washer and the stainless steel internal tooth washer through one of the four holes in the CTR. (Refer to Figure 2-5 for the hole location.)2Install a stainless steel internal tooth washer, stainless steel flatwasher and the 1/4” nut onto the assembly installed in Step 1.3Repeatedly tighten and loosen the fastener assembly, rotating the internal tooth lock washer, until the powder coating is scraped off and the bare metal is exposed. Repeat this procedure if required.4 Discard the internal tooth washer used to remove the powder coating.5Using new stainless steel internal tooth washers, assemble the complete ground cable connection, as per Figure 2-5.Figure 2-5Grounding the CTRHex headcapscrewFlat washer Internal toothLock washerHex nutCable (not provided)CTR
2-10 Grounding and Surge Protection411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999Regulatory ConsiderationsElectrical1. UL1950/IEC950Lightning protection1. UL14922. IEC 653. IEEE/ANSI C62.414. Bellcore GR-1089-CORE5. ANSI/NFPA 780 Lightning Protection CodeGrounding1. CCITT Rec K.272. Corporate Standard 4122, Grounding of Communication SystemsIt is assumed that building construction complies with NEC Article 250 (US) or CEC Section 10 (Canada). In the US the recommended ground resistance is 5 ohms and the maximum for a single electrode is 25 ohms.
3-1BTR 28 GHz Installation Guide3List of termsACAlternating CurrentAir Terminal Another name for lightning rodAWGAmerican Wire GaugeCBNCommon Bonding NetworkDBMSDigital Broadband Microwave SystemDCDirect CurrentDRODielectric Resonance OscillatorEarthingAnother term for grounding used by safety agencies. Earthing is the term often seen in safety standards.EIAElectronic Industries AssociationESDElectrostatic DischargeFCCFederal Communications Commission
3-2 List of terms411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999IBNIsolated Bonding NetworkIC Industry CanadaIF Intermediate Frequency kHzkilohertz, one thousand hertz or cycles per secondLOLocal OscillatorLNALow Noise AmplifierLNBLow Noise Block DownconverterMHzMegaHertz, one million hertz or cycles per secondNIU Network Interface UnitOCXOOven-Controlled Crystal Oscillator PAPower AmplifierPS Power SupplyQAMQuadrature Amplitude Modulation, which entails modulating frequencyRF Radio FrequencyRPERadio Power Extractor
List of terms 3-3 BTR 28 GHz Installation Guide Release 1.2RSMRedundancy Switching MatrixRSM 9016/9116Redundancy System MonitorSDMSignal Demodulator ModuleSMMSignal Modulator ModuleSPGSingle Point Ground VACVoltage Alternating CurrentVDCVoltage Direct Current (Volts Direct Current)VHFVery High Frequency
3-4 List of terms411- 1333 - 202.01.02 Preliminary March 1999
ReunionBTR 28 GHzInstallation GuideNortel Broadband Wireless Access14 Fultz Blvd.Winnipeg, Manitoba R3Y 1V3Phone: 972-BWA-ETAS/972-292-3827; Fax: 204-631-24751-800-4-NORTEL (1-800-466-7835)http://www.nortel.com 1999 Northern TelecomNorthern Telecom Ltd., all rights reservedNORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL: The information contained in this document is the property of Northern Telecom. Except as specifically authorized in writing by Northern Telecom, the holder of this document shall keep the information contained herein confidential and shall protect same in whole or in part from disclosure and dissemination to third parties and use same for evaluation, operation, and maintenance purposes only.Information is subject to change without notice. Publication number: 411- 1333 - 202.01.02Product release : Release 1.2Document version: PreliminaryDate: March 1999Printed in Canada

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