Motorola Solutions 89FC5807 5.2GHz Fixed Wireless (UNII) User Manual BackhaulManualReg

Motorola Solutions, Inc. 5.2GHz Fixed Wireless (UNII) BackhaulManualReg

Exhibit D Users Manual per 2 1033 b3

Canopy TM Backhaul ModuleUSER MANUA LBH02-UM-enDraft for Regulatory ReviewDecember 2003© 2003 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 2 of 56NOTICESImportant Note on ModificationsIntentional or unintentional changes or modifications to the equipment must not be made unless under the express consent of the partyresponsible for compliance. Any such modifications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment and will void themanufacturer’s warranty.U.S. Federal Communication Commision (FCC) and Industry Canada (IC) NotificationThis device complies with part 15 of the U. S. FCC Rules and Regulations and with RSS-210 of Industry Canada. Operation is subjectto the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interferencereceived, including interference that may cause undesired operation. In Canada, users should be cautioned to take note that high powerradars are allocated as primary users (meaning they have priority) of 5250 – 5350 MHz and 5650 – 5850 MHz and these radars couldcause interference and/or damage to license-exempt local area networks (LELAN).This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the U.S. FCCRules and with RSS-210 of Industry Canada. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference ina residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy and, if not installed and used inaccordance with these instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. If this equipment does cause harmfulinterference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment on and off, the user is encouraged tocorrect the interference by one or more of the following measures: Increase the separation between the affected equipment and the unit; Connect the affected equipment to a power outlet on a different circuit from that which the receiver is connected to; Consult the dealer and/or experienced radio/TV technician for help.FCC IDs and Industry Canada Certification Numbers are listed in the following table:ModuleTypesFrequency BandRangeMaximumTransmitterPowerReflector FCC ID Industry CanadaCert NumberSM AP BH ISM 2400-2483.5 MHz 340mW Allowed on SM and BH ABZ89FC5808 109W-2400SM AP BH U-NII 5250-5350 MHz 200mW Not Allowed ABZ89FC3789 109W-5200SM BHU-NII 5250-5350 MHz3.2mWRecommendedABZ89FC5807109W-5210SM AP BH U-NII 5725-5825 MHz 200mW Allowed on SM and BH ABZ89FC4816 109W-5700SM AP BH ISM 5725-5850 MHz 200mW Allowed on SM and BH ABZ89FC5804 109W-5700The term “IC:” before the radio certification number only signifies that Industry Canada technical specifications were met.European Community NotificationNotification of Intended Purpose of Product UsesThis product is a two-way radio transceiver suitable for use in Broadband RLAN systems. It uses operating frequencies which are notharmonized through the EC. All licenses must be obtained before using the product in any EC country.Declaration of conformity:Motorola declares the GHz radio types listed below comply with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions ofDirective1999/5/EC.Relevant SpecificationEN 301 893 or similar - radio spectrumEN301489-17 - EMCEN60950 – safetyProduct Details for Products Tested for Compliance with Relevant EC DirectivesModule Type FrequencyBand RangeMaximumTransmitterPowerEffective IsotropicRadiated Power(EIRP)Modulation Type Operating Channels Non-overlappingChannelSpacingAccess Point 5.725 to 5.825GHz200mW RMS 1 Watt EIRP High Index 2-levelFSK5745 to 5805 MHz in5 MHz increments20 MHzSubscriberModule5.725 to 5.825GHz200mW RMS 1 Watt EIRP High Index 2-levelFSK5745 to 5805 MHz in5 MHz increments20 MHzSubscriberModule withReflector5.725 to 5.825GHz200mW RMS 63 Watts EIRP High Index 2-levelFSK5745 to 5805 MHz in5 MHz increments20 MHz
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 3 of 56Backhaul 5.725 to 5.825GHz200mW RMS 1 Watt EIRP High Index 2-levelor 4-level FSK5745 to 5805 MHz in5 MHz increments20 MHzBackhaul withReflector5.725 to 5.825GHz200mW RMS 63 Watts EIRP High Index 2-levelor 4-level FSK5745 to 5805 MHz in5 MHz increments20 MHzCanopy can be configured to operate at a range of frequencies, but at this time, only channels from 5745 MHz through 5805 MHz of the5.7 GHz product have been tested for compliance with relevant EC directives. Before configuring equipment to operate outside thisrange, please check with your regulator.Exposure NoteA Canopy module must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm (7.9 in) from all persons. When adding the Canopyreflector dish, the reflector dish must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 1.5m (59.1 in) from all persons. When soinstalled, the module’s RF field is within Health Canada limits for the general population; consult Safety Code 6, obtainable from HealthCanada’s website http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/rpb.In both configurations the maximum RMS power does not exceed 340mW.The applicable power density exposure limit is 10 Watt/m2, according to the FCC OET Bulletin 65, the ICNIRP guidelines, and theHealth Canada Safety Code 6. The corresponding compliance distances referenced above have been determined by assuming worst-casescenarios. The peak power density (S) in the far-field of a radio-frequency source with rms transmit power P and antenna gain G at adistance d is24dGPSπ⋅=In the case of the Canopy SM without reflector, the gain is 8 dBi (a factor of 6.3), so the peak power density equals the exposure limit ata distance of 13 cm for 2.4 GHz product and 10 cm for 5.2 and 5.7 GHz product. A power compliance margin of over 2 is artificiallyintroduced by setting the distance to a consistent 20 cm across all modules, giving a power compliance margin of x2.4 for 2.4 GHzmodules and x4 for 5.2 and 5.7 GHz modules.In the case of the Canopy SM with reflector, the gain depends on frequency and ranges from 19 dBi (a factor of 80) for 2.4 GHz modulesto 26 dBi (a factor of 400) for 5.2 GHz Extended Range and 5.7 GHz modules, so the peak power density equals the exposure limit at adistance of 10 to 80 cm. A power compliance margin is artificially introduced by defining a consistent compliance distance of 1.5 macross all modules with reflectors, giving a power compliance margin of x10 for 2.4 GHz modules, x220 for 5.2 GHz Extended Rangemodules, and x3.5 for 5.7 GHz modules. The compliance distance is greatly overestimated in this case because the far-field equationneglects the physical dimension of the antenna, which is modeled as a point-source.Software License Terms and ConditionsONLY OPEN THE PACKAGE, OR USE THE SOFTWARE AND RELATED PRODUCT IF YOU ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THISLICENSE. BY BREAKING THE SEAL ON THIS DISK KIT / CDROM, OR IF YOU USE THE SOFTWARE OR RELATEDPRODUCT, YOU ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS, DONOT USE THE SOFTWARE OR RELATED PRODUCT; INSTEAD, RETURN THE SOFTWARE TO PLACE OF PURCHASE FORA FULL REFUND. THE FOLLOWING AGREEMENT IS A LEGAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU (EITHER AN INDIVIDUALOR ENTITY), AND MOTOROLA, INC. (FOR ITSELF AND ITS LICENSORS). THE RIGHT TO USE THIS PRODUCT ISLICENSED ONLY ON THE CONDITION THAT YOU AGREE TO THE FOLLOWING TERMS.Now, therefore, in consideration of the promises and mutual obligations contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration,the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby mutually acknowledged, you and Motorola agree as follows:Grant of License. Subject to the following terms and conditions, Motorola, Inc., grants to you a personal, revocable, non-assignable,non-transferable, non-exclusive and limited license to use on a single piece of equipment only one copy of the software contained on thisdisk (which may have been pre-loaded on the equipment)(Software). You may make two copies of the Software, but only for backup,archival, or disaster recovery purposes. On any copy you make of the Software, you must reproduce and include the copyright and otherproprietary rights notice contained on the copy we have furnished you of the Software.Ownership. Motorola (or its supplier) retains all title, ownership and intellectual property rights to the Software and any copies,including translations, compilations, derivative works (including images) partial copies and portions of updated works. The Software isMotorola’s (or its supplier's) confidential proprietary information. This Software License Agreement does not convey to you any interestin or to the Software, but only a limited right of use. You agree not to disclose it or make it available to anyone without Motorola’swritten authorization. You will exercise no less than reasonable care to protect the Software from unauthorized disclosure. You agree notto disassemble, decompile or reverse engineer, or create derivative works of the Software, except and only to the extent that such activityis expressly permitted by applicable law.Termination. This License is effective until terminated. This License will terminate immediately without notice from Motorola orjudicial resolution if you fail to comply with any provision of this License. Upon such termination you must destroy the Software, allaccompanying written materials and all copies thereof, and the sections entitled Limited Warranty, Limitation of Remedies andDamages, and General will survive any termination.Limited Warranty. Motorola warrants for a period of ninety (90) days from Motorola’s or its customer’s shipment of the Software toyou that (i) the disk(s) on which the Software is recorded will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and(ii) the Software, under normal use, will perform substantially in accordance with Motorola’s published specifications for that release
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 4 of 56level of the Software. The written materials are provided "AS IS" and without warranty of any kind. Motorola's entire liability and yoursole and exclusive remedy for any breach of the foregoing limited warranty will be, at Motorola's option, replacement of the disk(s),provision of downloadable patch or replacement code, or refund of the unused portion of your bargained for contractual benefit up to theamount paid for this Software License.THIS LIMITED WARRANTY IS THE ONLY WARRANTY PROVIDED BY MOTOROLA, AND MOTOROLA AND ITSLICENSORS EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OF IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOTLIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ANDNONINFRINGEMENT. MOTOROLA DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE WILL BEUNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE, OR THAT DEFECTS IN THE SOFTWARE WILL BE CORRECTED. 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Regardless of whether any remedy set forth herein fails of its essential purpose, IN NO EVENTSHALL MOTOROLA OR ANY OF THE LICENSORS, DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES OR AFFILIATES OF THEFOREGOING BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR SIMILARDAMAGES WHATSOEVER (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of businessinformation and the like), whether foreseeable or unforeseeable, arising out of the use or inability to use the Software or accompanyingwritten materials, regardless of the basis of the claim and even if Motorola or a Motorola representative has been advised of thepossibility of such damage. Motorola's liability to you for direct damages for any cause whatsoever, regardless of the basis of the formof the action, will be limited to the price paid for the Software that caused the damages. 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In the case of software designed to operate on Motorola equipment, you may not transfer the Software to another party except:(1) if you are an end-user, when you are transferring the Software together with the Motorola equipment on which it operates; or 2) ifyou are a Motorola licensed distributor, when you are transferring the Software either together with such Motorola equipment or aretransferring the Software as a licensed duly paid for upgrade, update, patch, new release, enhancement or replacement of a prior versionof the Software. If you are a Motorola licensed distributor, when you are transferring the Software as permitted herein, you agree totransfer the Software with a license agreement having terms and conditions no less restrictive than those contained herein. You maytransfer all other Software, not otherwise having an agreed restriction on transfer, to another party. However, all such transfers ofSoftware are strictly subject to the conditions precedent that the other party agrees to accept the terms and conditions of this License, andyou destroy any copy of the Software you do not transfer to that party. You may not sublicense or otherwise transfer, rent or lease theSoftware without our written consent. You may not transfer the Software in violation of any laws, regulations, export controls oreconomic sanctions imposed by the U.S. Government.Right to Audit. Motorola shall have the right to audit annually, upon reasonable advance notice and during normal business hours, yourrecords and accounts to determine compliance with the terms of this Agreement.Export Controls. You specifically acknowledge that the software may be subject to United States and other country export control laws.You shall comply strictly with all requirements of all applicable export control laws and regulations with respect to all such software andmaterials.U.S. Government Users. If you are a U.S. Government user, then the Software is provided with "RESTRICTED RIGHTS" as set forthin subparagraphs (c)(1) and (2) of the Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227-19 or subparagraph(c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013, as applicable.Disputes. You and Motorola hereby agree that any dispute, controversy or claim, except for any dispute, controversy or claim involvingintellectual property, prior to initiation of any formal legal process, will be submitted for non-binding mediation, prior to initiation ofany formal legal process. Cost of mediation will be shared equally. 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Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 5 of 56Hardware Warranty in U.S.Motorola U.S. offers a warranty covering a period of one year from the date of purchase by the customer. If a product is found defectiveduring the warranty period, Motorola will repair or replace the product with the same or a similar model, which may be a reconditionedunit, without charge for parts or labor.IN NO EVENT SHALL MOTOROLA BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PARTY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR OTHER DAMAGE ARISING OUT OF THE USEOR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESSPROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION OR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS, OR FROMANY BREACH OF WARRANTY, EVEN IF MOTOROLA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.(Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above exclusion or limitation maynot apply to you.) IN NO CASE SHALL MOTOROLA’S LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT YOU PAID FOR THE PRODUCT.Trademarks, Product Names, and Service NamesMOTOROLA, the stylized M Logo and all other trademarks indicated as such herein are trademarks of Motorola, Inc. ® Reg. U.S. Pat& Tm. Office. Canopy is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.http://www.motorola.com/canopy
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 6 of 56TABLE OF CONTENTSGETTING STARTED ............................................................................................. 9WELCOME .................................................................................................................... 9INTENDED USE............................................................................................................. 9Document Change History.............................................................................................. 9PRODUCT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................. 11Canopy Backhaul ......................................................................................................... 11Module Description....................................................................................................... 12BACKGROUND INFORMATION on NETWORKING.......................................... 14Site Selection Criteria ................................................................................................... 16General Considerations ................................................................................................ 18Channel Plans.............................................................................................................. 192.4 GHZ RECOMMENDED FREQUENCIES................................................................................ 195.2 GHZ RECOMMENDED FREQUENCIES................................................................................ 195.7 GHZ RECOMMENDED FREQUENCIES................................................................................ 19Networking Information................................................................................................. 21Lightning Protection...................................................................................................... 21Electrical Requirements................................................................................................ 21Reflector dishes............................................................................................................ 22ADVANCED FEATURES..................................................................................... 23Security - DES Encryption ............................................................................................ 23Security - AES Encryption............................................................................................. 23Branding....................................................................................................................... 24INSTALLATION ................................................................................................... 26Unpack the Canopy Products ....................................................................................... 26Configuration of the Backhaul Modules......................................................................... 26Installation of the equipment ......................................................................................... 27Alignment ..................................................................................................................... 28CABLING............................................................................................................. 29THE INTERFACE SCREENS .............................................................................. 31THE TIMING MASTER................................................................................................. 32Quick Start ................................................................................................................... 32Status Page.................................................................................................................. 33Configuration................................................................................................................ 35Event Log..................................................................................................................... 39LUID Select.................................................................................................................. 39Link Test ...................................................................................................................... 40Time & Date ................................................................................................................. 40Sessions ...................................................................................................................... 41GPS Status .................................................................................................................. 42Ethernet Stats .............................................................................................................. 42Expanded Stats............................................................................................................ 43
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 7 of 56THE TIMING SLAVE.................................................................................................... 44Status........................................................................................................................... 44Configuration Page....................................................................................................... 46Event Log..................................................................................................................... 48AP Eval Date................................................................................................................ 48Ethernet Stats .............................................................................................................. 49Expanded Stats............................................................................................................ 49LINK TEST ...................................................................................................................................... 50ALIGNMENT ................................................................................................................................... 51BER DISPLAY................................................................................................................................. 51ACCESSORIES ................................................................................................... 53APPENDIX........................................................................................................... 54SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................... 55
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 8 of 55GETTING STARTEDWELCOMEThank you for your purchase of a Motorola Canopy Backhaul module. This new technology is thelatest innovation in high speed wireless networking. Some of the Canopy system features are:- Network speeds of 10/100 BaseT- Small compact design- No special set up on your PC.INTENDED USEThis manual is intended to be used with Canopy software release version 3.x or greater. Theintended audience for this manual is system operators and equipment installers. Additionalinformation on new features in new releases is available in the Canopy Software Release Notes,available on the Canopy web site at http://www.motorola.com/canopy.Document Change HistoryNew in Issue 4:• Modules operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM band are described• One year warrantyNew in Issue 3:• AES product described, along with DES product• 5.7 GHz ISM supports 6 channels (up from 4 with 5.7 GHz U-NII)• 5.7 GHz ISM frequencies approved for use in Canada, as well as US• Maximum power used by a Backhaul module increases to 9.1 watts• Backhaul distances clarified – for 10 Mbps and 20 Mbps BHs; with and withoutreflectors• Shielded cables strongly recommended for all infrastructure cabling connecting APs,BHs, and CMM• MAC addresses of non-autosensing modules are listed (non-autosensing modulesrequire correct choice of straight-thru vs crossover cables)New in Issue 2:• Updated Notices section including European Community Notification, RF ExposureNote, and Software License Terms and Conditions.• Measurement units internationalized with metric as well as English units• Currently shipping modules now auto-sense the Ethernet termination – either astraight-thru or crossover RJ-45 cable can be used to connect to either a networkinterface card or hub, switch, or router.• Maximum distance for Backhaul now 35 miles (56 km)• Specifications changed to reflect expanded lower temperature limit of -40°F (-40°C) forall equipment.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 9 of 55
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 10 of 55PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONCanopy BackhaulBackhaul links provide point-to-point connectivity either as a standalone link or feeding an AccessPoint cluster as part of a Canopy network.Backhaul modules are available in 2.4, 5.2, and 5.7 bands and in both 10 and 20 Mbps. 2.4 and5.7 backhauls can be used with reflectors on either or both ends. Regular 5.2 backhauls cannot beused with reflectors in the US or Canada due to regulatory agency restrictions. Extended Range(ER) 5.2 Backhauls have very low transmit power and it is recommended to use reflectors at bothends.The following table shows typical ranges for each type of backhaul.Module Type Modulation Rate Reflectors Typical Range5200 BH10 (DES)5201 BH10 (AES)10 None allowed in US orCanada2 miles (3.2 km)5200 BH10 ER (DES)5201 BH10 ER (AES)10 One end 2 miles (3.2 km)5200 BH10 ER (DES)5201 BH10 ER (AES)10 Both ends 10 miles (16 km)5200 BH20 ER 20 One end 1 mile (1.6 km)5200 BH20 ER 20 Both ends 5 miles (8 km)5700 BH10 (DES)5701 BH10 (AES)10 None 2 miles (3.2 km)5700 BH10 (DES)5701 BH10 (AES)10 One end 10 miles (16 km)5700 BH10 (DES)5701 BH10 (AES)10 Both ends 35 miles (56 km)5700 BH20 20 None 1 mile (1.6 km)5700 BH20 20 One end 5 miles (8 km)5700 BH20 20 Both ends 35 miles (56 km)2400 BH10 (DES)2401 BH10 (AES)10 None 5 miles (8 km)2400 BH10 (DES)2401 BH10 (AES)10 One end 15 miles (24 km)2400 BH10 (DES)2401 BH10 (AES)10 Both ends 35 miles (56 km)2400 BH20 20 None 3 miles (4.8 km)2400 BH20 20 One end 5 miles (8 km)2400 BH20 20 Both ends 35 miles (56 km)When using Backhauls in standalone links, the type of Backhaul is selected based on RFenvironment, throughput, and range needed. When using Backhauls in a network and co-locating aBH with Access Points, the type of backhaul is usually selected based on having the BH in adifferent band than the APs. In other words, if the APs are 5700s, the BH could be a 5200 or a2400. If the APs are 2400s, the BH could be a 5200 or a 5700. While distance separation of 100vertical feet (30 m) on a tower can allow co-locating APs and BHs from the same band, choosingcross-band APs and BHs is usually the better choice.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 11 of 55Module DescriptionThe base cover of your Canopy Backhaul is easily removed by depressing the release lever on theback of the cover.Ethernet Cable Base Cover Release Lever Base Cover FIGURE 1Remove the base cover as shown in FIGURE 1 to access the Ethernet connection and theConnection LED alignment indicators.♦ The RJ-45 connector is used to attach the Ethernet cable♦ The RJ-11 connector is used to attach the GPS sync cable♦ The LED’s indicate system status and are used for alignment. Ethernet Cabl e Canopy BH RJ45 Connector Connection LE D s Base Cover RJ11 Connector FIGURE 2The diagnostic LEDs report information about the current status of the access point module. Thefollowing descriptions explain the function of each LED.Operational Mode
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 12 of 55LNK: The link LED displays the status of the Ethernet link to the Canopy module. The LED will beconstantly lit if there is an Ethernet link present. The LED is colored green.ACT/4: The activity LED displays the status of any data activity on the Ethernet link. The LED willflash (at no particular speed) when data is being transferred on the Ethernet link. The LED iscolored orange.GPS/3: If the module is a backhaul timing master the GPS LED displays the status of the syncpulse and is lit constantly when the pulse is being received. If the module is a backhaul timingslave this LED is not utilized. The LED is red.SES/2: The session LED is not used on the access point module. The LED is green.SYN/1: The sync LED displays sync status. In short, this LED will lit all the time on an accesspoint module. The LED is orange.PWR: The power LED displays the status of power to the module. The LED will be constantly lit ifpower is applied correctly. The LED is red.If the module is a backhaul timing slave and is not registered to a backhaul timing master then theSYN/1, SES/2, and GPS/3 LEDs will cycle on and off from left to right.Alignment ModeWhen a backhaul timing slave module is placed in Alignment Mode the LEDs take on an entirelydifferent purpose. The power LED will still indicate whether or not power is applied to the module.The 6 LEDs and are turned into a 6-position bar graph. The more LEDs that are lit, the better theRSSI and Jitter values the module is seeing. The colors of the LEDS have no particular meaningother than to assist is distinguishing one position from the next. See Alignment section for moreinformation.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 13 of 55BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON NETWORKINGComputers are assigned IP addresses by network operators, which have two methods available,static or dynamic IP addressing. The user of this document will need to understand how IPaddressing is done at their particular location.All Canopy radio products (Subscriber Modules, Access Point Modules, and Backhaul Modules)have the default IP address of 169.254.1.1. For a computer to talk to Canopy, as it comes from thefactory, either of the following conditions must be met:• If the computer is not configured for DHCP, then it has to have a static IP address on the169.254 network (i.e. 169.254.1.5)• If the computer is configured for DHCP, then it will automatically obtain an IP address onthe 169.254 network after minute or two as long as it is not connected to the network.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 14 of 55SYSTEM OVERVIEW AND SITE PLANNINGDefinitions:Backhaul Timing Master – a module that is used in a point-to-point link. This module controls theair protocol and configurations for the link.Backhaul Timing Slave – a module that is used in a point-to-point link. This module acceptsconfiguration from the master module.Cluster Management Module – a module that contains power, GPS timing, and networking forbackhaul timing master(s). Can also be utilized in conjunction with an access point cluster.In the Canopy System, the point-to-point link is achieved utilizing backhaul modules in either the2.4 GHz, 5.2 GHz, or 5.7 GHz band. The backhaul modules utilize passive reflector to achievedistances of up to 35 miles (56 km). Note: Distances may vary based on terrain and other line ofsight issues.In its basic form the point-to-point link is made up of a backhaul timing master and a backhaultiming slave. The cluster management module is key to the operation of the Canopy System.Backhaul timing masters must be connected to a cluster management module so that a GPS timingpulse can synchronize their transmission cycles. If one backhaul timing master module were to notbe synchronized then it may be transmitting during a receive cycle of the other modules and causede-sense. This is also true of the Canopy access point modules.The following are some simple network diagrams of the proper way to layout single and multi-hopped point-to-point links.Example 1: The single hop.CanopyBackhaulMasterCanopyBackhaulSlaveExample 2: The multiple hop with the backhaul master modules at the ends of thelink.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 15 of 55CanopyBackhaulSlaves CanopyBackhaulMasterCanopyBackhaulMasterCMM CMMExample 3: The multiple hop with the backhaul master modules in the middle of the link.CanopyBackhaulMastersCanopyBackhaulSlaveCanopyBackhaulSlaveCMMFrom these diagrams it can be seen that at each location there is only like kind backhaul modules.In all cases where there is a cluster management module an access point cluster could be placedalso. In the case of Example 2, a cluster management module could be placed where the twobackhaul timing slaves are located to install an access point cluster; however the timing slaves donot need to be connected to he CMM for timing purposes. Site Selection CriteriaThere are various issues that need to be taken into consideration when choosing a location forthe network infrastructure. The following is a list of those considerations. There may be othersas each site is unique.• Height is essential when installing a Canopy backhaul module. The Canopy backhaulmodule must be mounted higher than other objects located immediately around it such astrees, buildings, tower legs, etc.• There should be no obstructions that will interfere with the unit’s internal antenna. The areaimmediately in front of an access point module must be clear of all obstructions.• Will the installation area change in the future? Will there be structures high enough to
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 16 of 55interfere with the signal? Will trees grow into the line-of-sight path?• When possible, avoid high RF energy sites. Do not place Canopy equipment in the sameplane as other RF equipment.• The means used by the installer to attach the backhaul module to the tower, rooftop, or poleshould be rigid and should not move or flex due to wind or other vibrations.• Tower availability - will a tower have to erected?• There must be grounding systems available for protection of the Canopy equipment.• Lighting arrestors are required in installation area to transport lightning strikes away fromequipment.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 17 of 55General Considerations• Fresnel Loss - The Fresnel Zone is a theoretical area around the line of sight of an antennatransmission that can affect the signal strength. Objects that penetrate the Fresnel Zone cancause fading of the transmitted signal. This fading is caused by the cancellation of the signaldue to out-of-phase reflections. An unobstructed line of sight is important, but it is not theonly determination of an adequate placement. Even though the path has a clear line ofsight, if obstructions (such as terrain, vegetation, metal roofs, cars, etc.) penetrate theFresnel zone, there will be signal loss. The following illustrates a Fresnel zone.Fresnel ZoneTransmitter ReceiverD1 D2• Free Space Path Loss – As an RF signal travels through space, it is attenuated by thedistance from the initial transmission point. The farther away from the transmission point,the weaker the RF signal.• Foliage Loss – Tree and plant foliage will cause additional signal loss. Seasonal density,moisture content of the foliage, and other factors such as wind may change the amount ofloss. Caution should be used when a link may transmit though this type of environment.• Carrier to Interference – describes how much signal advantage must be engineered intothe radio link to tolerate an interfering transmission.• How many point-to-point links are being planned for deployment? Each backhaul timingmaster will need to utilize a cluster management module for seamless operation within theentire Canopy System.• How will the access point clusters be deployed relative to planned point-to-point links?
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 18 of 55Channel PlansWhether using 2.4, 5.2, or 5.7 GHz modules, frequencies should never be placed closerthan 20 MHz. 5.2 and 5.7 GHz modules allow the operator to chose frequencies every 5MHz. 2.4 GHz modules allow the operator to chose frequencies every 2.5 MHz. This isso that in the event of co-location with other equipment the operator can customize thechannel layout for interoperability.Backhauls and APs operating in the same frequency band (within the 2.4 GHz band, within the 5.2GHz band, or within the 5.7 GHz band) need 100 feet (30 m) of physical separation, as theirdifferent transmit and receive frame structures otherwise would cause interference.2.4 GHz Recommended FrequenciesThe following are the 3 non-overlapping channels that are recommended by the Canopy team foruse with the backhaul module:• 2.415 GHz• 2.435 GHz• 2.4575 GHzNote this gives 20 MHz of separation between one pair of channels, and 22.5 MHz of separationbetween the other pair. Depending on the RF environment you are operating in, you may want toput the middle channel at 2.4375 GHz and give additional separation between it and the 2.435 GHzchannel, or move the top channel down to 2.455, or the bottom channel up to 2.4175, as long asyou maintain at least 20 MHz of separation between channels. You can use the Spectrum Analysisfeature in an SM or BHS, or a standalone spectrum analyzer, to help evaluate the RF environmentand guide you in site-specific frequency engineering.5.2 GHz Recommended FrequenciesThe following are the 3 non-overlapping channels that are recommended for use with the backhaulmodule:• 5.275 GHz• 5.300 GHz• 5.325 GHz5.7 GHz Recommended FrequenciesThe following are the 6 non-overlapping channels that are recommended for use with the backhaulmodule when the ISM frequencies are available:• 5.735 GHz• 5.755 GHz• 5.775 GHz• 5.795 GHz• 5.815 GHz• 5.835 GHz20 Mbps backhaul modules have less “margin” at the edges of their 20 MHz channel. When using
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 19 of 5520 Mbps Backhauls, consider using 25 MHz spacing if site engineering allows it, especially if youare engineering backhauls with less than 6° directional separation.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 20 of 55Networking InformationThe Canopy access point module will each use an IP address on the operator’s network. It isrecommended that the access point modules never be placed directly onto the Internet. IPaddresses may be assigned sequentially clockwise around an access point cluster for easiermanageability. The operator will also need to identify the appropriate subnet mask and networkgateway each of the modules.From the factory, each access point module is assigned a unique MAC address and the followingdefault networking information:• IP address of 169.254.1.1• Subnet mask of 255.255.0.0• Network gateway of 169.254.0.0Lightning Protection• The Canopy access point module, cluster management module, and GPS antenna mustbe mounted at least 2 feet below the highest point at the site for lightning strike mitigation.It is highly recommended that the site have a lightning protection system installed.• Ensure the location is properly grounded for lightning protection according to all applicablenational and local codes.• To protect operator equipment from surges on the Ethernet cable that is connected to theCanopy System, the Canopy surge suppressor must be used.Electrical Requirements• Specifications for the voltages and distance can be found in the Specification section ofthis manual.• Make certain the installation conforms to the National Electrical Code (NEC), country andlocal codes. If uncertain of code requirements, obtain the services of a licensedelectrician.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 21 of 55Reflector dishesThe passive reflector arm is molded to receive the plastic housing of the backhaul module. Usestainless steel hose clamps to secure the module to the arm. The module is now properly alignedwithin the reflector. The following figure shows this installation. Stainless steel hose clamps Reflector dish arm
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 22 of 55ADVANCED FEATURESThese features may be used in the Canopy System but are not required for basic operation.Security - DES EncryptionStandard Canopy modules provide Data Encryption Standard (DES) encryption. DES is a secretkey encryption scheme using a 56 bit key. The basics of DES are that it performs a series of bitpermutations, substitutions, and recombination operations on blocks of data using a secret key.On the Canopy system, encryption of the over the air link is enabled or disabled per Access Pointmodule or per Backhaul timing master module. The Canopy modules contain unique factoryprogrammed secret keys to establish the encrypted link. If an authentication key (must be the samekey on each end of the backhaul link) has been entered using the Backhaul Configuration page,then that key is also used to establish the DES encryption key. Encryption does not affect theperformance or throughput of the system.Security - AES EncryptionMotorola also offers Canopy products that provide Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)encryption. Like DES, AES is a secret key encryption scheme, but AES uses the Rijndael algorithmand 128 bit keys to establish a higher level of security than DES.Due to the level of security provided by AES, the US government has established export controlson communications products that use AES. These export controls may mean that outside of the USAES products are only available in certain regions – check with your Canopy distributor or resellerfor availability in your area.Canopy AES products run the same software as DES products, so the features available are thesame and work the same, The only exception is that the AES products provide AES instead of DESencryption when enabled for encryption on the Configuration screen. All the interface screens,Status pages, Configuration pages, etc. are identical. As new software features become availableon DES products, the same software and the same features will be available for AES products.DES backhauls are available in both 10 Mbps and 20 Mbps signaling rates. AES backhauls areonly available with a 10 Mbps signaling rate.Canopy DES products are not upgradeable to AES. To have the option of AES encryption, youmust purchase AES products.Canopy AES products use a different FPGA load than DES products do. The AES FPGA will beupgraded as needed to provide new features or services similar to the DES products.The same as with DES, encryption of the over the air link is enabled or disabled per Access Pointmodule or per Backhaul timing master module. The Canopy modules contain unique factoryprogrammed secret keys to establish the encrypted link. If an authentication key (must be the samekey on each end of the backhaul link) has been entered using the Backhaul Configuration page,then that key is also used to establish the AES encryption key.Canopy AES products and DES products do not interoperate when enabled for encryption, as DESand AES are different encryption schemes. An AES AP with encryption enabled can onlycommunicate with AES SMs, and similarly an AES Backhaul timing master module with encryptionenabled can only communicate with an AES Backhaul timing slave module. However, if encryption
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 23 of 55is not enabled, AES modules can communicate with DES modules.BrandingOn each Canopy module, the web-based interface screens have a Canopy logo that can bereplaced with an operator’s company logo. The Canopy logo file is called canopy.jpg and thereplacement file must also be called canopy.jpg. The new file is transferred via FTP to the moduleand then added to a special filesystem through a telnet session. The following command can beused during a telnet session:• addwebfile – add a custom logo file to the filesystem• clearwebfile – clear the customer logo file from the filesystem• lsweb – list the custom logo file and display the storage space available on the filesystemThe following is a sample FTP session:> ftp 169.254.1.1Connected to 169.254.1.1220 FTP server readyName (169.254.1.1:none): root331 Guest login okPassword: <password-if-configured>230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.ftp> binary200 Type set to Iftp> put canopy.jpgftp> quit221 GoodbyeThe following is a sample telnet session:/---------\C A N O P YMotorola Broadband Wireless Technology Center(Copyright 2001, 2002 Motorola Inc.)Login: rootPassword: <password-if-configured>Telnet+> lswebFlash Web filesfree directory entries: 32free file space 64336 bytesTelnet+> addwebfile canopy.jpgTelnet +> lswebFlash Web files/canopy.jpg 7867free directory entries: 31free file space: 56468Telnet +> clearwebfileTelnet+> lswebFlash Web filesfree directory entries: 32free file space 64336 bytesSNMPSimple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) can be utilized to monitor the Canopy modules.The standard MIB-II (systems and interfaces) objects are programmed into the modules. For
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 24 of 55specific information on this MIB see RFC 1213 for details.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 25 of 55INSTALLATIONThe following steps are required to install the Canopy backhaul module:• Unpack the Canopy products• Configuration of the backhaul modules• Installation of the backhaul modules• AlignmentUnpack the Canopy ProductsUpon receipt, carefully inspect all shipping boxes for signs of damage. If there is damage,immediately notify the transportation company.Unpack equipment, making sure that all ordered components have arrived. It is recommended thatyou save all the packing materials. They can be used for transportation of the equipment to andfrom installation sites.Configuration of the Backhaul ModulesIn all cases, when a configuration parameter is modified, the change must be saved andthe module must be rebooted.All backhaul module, from the factory are configured as backhaul timing slaves. The following areitems that an operator will need to verify and/or configure for each module:• Will the module be a timing master or timing slave?If it is a Timing MasterThe are two methods that can be utilized to configure each of the backhaul timing masters. Thefirst method is to utilize the Quick Start feature of the product. For more information on Quick Startsee The Interface Screens. The second is to manually set each of the parameters.• Will the backhaul module need to generate its own sync pulse or will it receive it from thecluster management module?• The operator will assign a RF frequency for the module to transmit.• The operator will assign an IP address to the module for the network it will be installed onand assign an appropriate subnet mask and network gateway.• The operator must configure the appropriate color code on the backhaul timing mastermodule so that the backhaul timing slave module can register with it. The color codesmust match for registration.If it is a Timing Slave• The backhaul timing slave module will utilize a network accessible IP address for its LANIP address. From the factory, the timing slave module is programmed to utilize an IPaddress of 169.254.1.1. Continually, the appropriate subnet mask and default gatewaymust be utilized for the operator network infrastructure.• The operator must configure the appropriate color code on the backhaul timing slave
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 26 of 55module so that it can register with a backhaul timing master module. The color codes mustmatch.The operator can prevent unauthorized users from connectig to the backhaul module’s web basedinterface by assigning a password. There is no default password and password protection is turnoff is turn off from the factory.Passwords can be from 1 to 16 characters. Any combination of characters is allowed, except forthese special characters: “ , . ‘ { } / \ ; : [ ] ( ) ` ~NOTE: If the operator forgets either the password or the IP address for the module, a Canopydefault plug can be used to regain access. See Configuration for information on the default plug.There are two types of passwords that can be configured: display-only or full-access. The display-only password allows the operator to view the module’s current status. The full-access passwordallows the operator to view the module’s current status and change its configuration. By viewingthe red lettering to the right of the entry fields, the operator can discern that a password is set.The operator can enter in information about the Site Name, Location, and Contact. This is optional.See the Access Point Cluster and Cluster Management Module user manual for detailson configuration and installation of a cluster management module.Installation of the equipmentWhen power is applied to a Canopy module or the unit reset via the web-based interface, themodule will take approximately 25 seconds to boot up. During this boot up time, power on self-tests and other diagnostics are being performed.The following steps are needed to install the Canopy equipment:• Remove the base cover from all Canopy backhaul timing master modules to be installed.• Remove the GPS sync cable knockout from the base cover with needle-nose pliers.• Mount the backhaul modules:o The modules can be mounted in a variety of locations, choose the best locationfor your particular application. Mounting can be done by utilizing stainless steelhose clamps or another equivalent fastener.• Route the Ethernet cable from the backhaul module to the cluster management module.o The Ethernet cables use RJ-45 connectors (standard Ethernet) that connect tomatching ports within the cluster management module.o A total of 8 ports are available on the cluster management module, toaccommodate a combination of access point modules and backhaul timing mastermodules.• Route the GPS sync (serial) cable from the backhaul timing master module to the clustermanagement module.o The GPS sync cables use 6 conductor RJ-11 connectors that connect to matchingports within the cluster management module.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 27 of 55• Replace the base cover on all of the backhaul modules.Alignment• If the backhaul modules are not utilizing passive reflectors, then visually align the units.If the backhaul modules are utilizing passive reflectors then visually align if possible or utilizecompass headings and initiate step 1 in the following processIF USING A 5.7 GHz SUBSCRIBER MODULE: the passive reflector willchange the radiated pattern to 6° horizontal by 6° vertical.IIF USING A 2.4 GHz SUBSCRIBER MODULE: the passive reflector willchange the radiated pattern to 17° horizontal by 6° vertical.1. Lock down timing master module2. On the timing slave module, utilize RSSI only mode of alignment web page:• Choose the frequency to monitor from the pick list (this would be the samefrequency that the backhaul timing master module is transmitting on)• Click the radio button to highlight “Enable” on RSSI Only mode• Click “Enable Aiming Mode”The module will now report back the level of RF energy present at that specificfrequency. To refresh the screen, click the Enable Aiming Mode button as appropriateor configure the web page auto-refresh option. The minimum RSSI level for a link isgreater than 700.3. When RSSI value is above minimum, disable RSSI Only mode and monitor the Statusweb page:a. Watch for “Syncing”, then “Registering”, then “Registered”. When the unit isregistered, move on to Step 4.4. While monitoring RSSI and Jitter, at the incrementally move the timing slave module inthe vertical plane. Observe where the values are at their best and lock down the unit.Now, incrementally move the timing slave module in the horizontal plane. Observewhere the values are at their best and lock down the unit. Alignment is complete whenreported values are at their best and the unit is registered.5. If necessary, incrementally move the timing master module a couple (2-3) degrees andgo back to Step 1.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 28 of 55CABLINGIt is strongly recommended to use shielded cable for all Canopy infrastructure cabling associatedwith Backhauls, Access Points, and Cluster Management Modules. The environment thesemodules operate in often has significant or unknown or varying RF energy, and experience hasbeen that the additional cost of shielded cabling is more than compensated by predictableoperation and reduced debugging and support costs.The following information describes the wiring standards for installing a Canopy system. Alldiagrams use the EIA/TIA 568B color standard.Currently shipping modules and most modules in the field auto-sense the Ethernet cable type –either RJ-45 straight-thru cable or RJ-45 crossover cable can be used to connect a networkinterface card (NIC), hub, router, or switch to a module.The following table shows MAC Addresses of Auto-sensing modules:MAC Address (ESN) Non-auto-sensing Auto-sensing2.4 Modules All5.2 Modules ≤ 0a003e0021c8 ≥ 0a003e0021c95.7 Modules ≤ 0a003ef00f79 ≥ 0a003ef00f7aVery early modules did not auto-sense. In cases where older, non-auto-sensingmodules are used:• When connecting a Canopy device directly to a network interface card (NIC)use a RJ-45 straight-thru cable.• When connecting a Canopy device directly to a hub, switch, or router use aRJ-45 crossover cable.When using the Canopy AC wall adapter the +V is +11.5VDC to +30VDC with a nominal value of+24 VDC, and the maximum Ethernet cable run with the AC wall adapter is 328 feet (100 meters).RJ-45 Straight-Thru: pin 1 → white / orange ← pin 1 pin 2 → orange ← pin 2 pin 3 → white / green ← pin 3 pin 4 → blue ← pin 4 pin 5 → white / blue ← pin 5 pin 6 → green ← pin 6 pin 7 → white / brown ← pin 7 pin 8 → brown ← pin 81234567812345678TX+TX-RX+RX-TX+TX-RX+RX-+V+VreturnPin PinRJ-45 Straight-Thru+V+VreturnPins 4, 5, 7, and 8 are used to carry power to the Canopy modules
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewPage 29 of 55RJ-45 Crossover: pin 1 → white / orange ← pin 3 pin 2 → orange ← pin 6 pin 3 → white / green ← pin 1 pin 4 → blue ← pin 4 pin 5 → white / blue ← pin 5 pin 6 → green ← pin 2 pin 7 → white / brown ← pin 7 pin 8 → brown ← pin 878TX+TX-RX+RX-36145278RX+RX-TX+TX-123456+Vreturn+V +V+VreturnPin PinRJ-45 CrossoverPins 4, 5, 7, and 8 are used to carry power to the Canopy modules.RJ-11 Straight-Thru (for GPS sync cable)Using CAT 5 cable and 6-pin RJ-11 connectors, the following diagram shows the wiring of thecable for GPS sync. pin 1 → white / orange ← pin 1 pin 2 → white / green ← pin 2 pin 3 → white / blue ← pin 3 pin 4 → green ← pin 4 pin 5 → blue ← pin 5 pin 6 → orange ← pin 6 the 4th pair is not used1234561234561-ppsTX+RX+gnd1-ppsRX+TX+gndnotusednotusednotusednotusedPin PinRJ-11 Straight-Thru
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewTHE INTERFACE SCREENSThe Canopy backhaul module contains a series of web pages that are used to interface to the unit.The following is a quick reference to interface screens. Note: These screens are subject tochange by subsequent software versions. To access the web based interface you first must be ona computer that is in some way connected to the access point module. This can be done eitherdirectly or through a network. Enter the IP address of the backhaul module (default is 169.254.1.1)into the address bar of your browser and hit enter on your keyboard.The backhaul module will have two different sets of interface screens, one for the timing masterand one for the timing slave. The master and slave’s interface screens are very similar to that ofthe access point module and subscriber module respectively.The following web based interface pages are accessible:Timing Master Timing SlaveQuick Start StatusStatus ConfigurationConfiguration Event LogEvent Log AP Eval DataLUID Select Ethernet StatsLink Test Extended StatsTime & DateSessionsGPS StatusEthernet StatsExtended Stats
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewTHE TIMING MASTERQuick StartThe Canopy System consists of a family of highly flexible, fixed wireless access devices that canbe put into service quickly and with a minimal configuration. The Quick Start is a wizard that walksthe operator through that configuration. To place an access point module into operation, only threeparameters need to be configured:• RF Carrier Frequency• Synchronization• Network IP AddressEach of the pages in the Quick Start will explain a little about Canopy and ask the operator for achoice that best addresses the network requirements. At the end, the operator will be given theopportunity to review the configuration selected and save it to non-volatile memory. None of thechanges made prior to saving the configuration will affect the system so experimentation with theinterface is encouraged.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewStatus PageThe Status page contains information on the operation of the product. It is the default web page.The following parameters are displayed:Device Type: displays the type of Canopy module that is currently being viewed. This field will letthe operator know the frequency band of the module, the protocol that it is utilizing, and the MACaddress of the module. The frequency band can either be in the 5.2 GHz or 5.7 GHz band.Software Version: displays the version of the software that is currently loaded into the module.Please make note of this information when obtaining technical support.FPGA Version: displays the version of the FPGA (field programmable gate array) that is currentlyloaded into the module. Please make not of this information when obtaining technical support.Uptime: displays the length of time the module has been operating since power was applied.System Time: displays the current time. If the access point module is connected to a ClusterManagement Module (CMM) then the time will be Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Any subscribermodule that registers to the access point module will inherit the system time.Ethernet Interface: displays the configuration of the Ethernet interface on the module.Registered SM Count: displays the number of subscriber modules currently registered to theaccess point module.GPS Sync Pulse Status: displays the current status of the type of synchronization the accesspoint module is receiving. There are 3 values that could be displayed:• Generating sync: If the module is set to generate its own sync pulse then this message willbe displayed.• Receiving Sync: If the module is set to receive a sync pulse from an outside source (notitself) and is actually receiving the pulse then this message will be displayed.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory Review• ERROR: No Sync Pulse: If the module is set to receive a sync pulse from an outsidesource (not itself) and it is currently not receiving the pulse this message will be displayed.When this message is displayed the access point module will turn its transmitter off so asto not create any self-interference within the Canopy System.Radio Slicing Value: displays information to be used be Canopy technical support.Radio Transmit Gain Setting: displays information to be used by Canopy technical support.Site Name: displays information relating to the name of the physical module. This parameter canbe set by the operator on the Configuration web page. This information is set into the sysNameSNMP MIB-II object and can be polled via a SNMP management server.Site Contact: displays contact information for the physical module. This parameter can be set bythe operator on the Configuration web page. This information is set into the sysContact SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled via a SNMP management server.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewConfigurationThe Configuration web page contains information and configurable parameters pertaining to theoperation of the product. The first line of information on the Configuration screen is a repeat of theDevice Type from the Status web page. The following are the parameters and their descriptions.Timing Mode: choose whether this module will be a timing master or a timing slave. If theoperator is changing this mode, change only this parameter, save the changes and reboot. Uponreboot different set of web based interface pages will present themselves and offer the operatordifferent manageable as well as configurable features.Sync Input: choose the type of synchronization that this access point module will utilize. If “Syncto Received Signal” is chosen, then it is assumed that:• this access point module it connected to a Cluster Management Module and will bereceiving a sync pulse via GPS• this access point module is connected to another access point module that is generating itsown sync pulse. If “Generate Sync Signal” is chosen then it is assumed that:• this access point module is a stand-alone module with no other access point moduleswithin a 5 mile radius.• this access point module is generating the sync pulse for a cluster of access point modulesand there are no other access point modules within a 5 mile radius.Link Negotiation Speeds: choose the type of link speed desired for the Ethernet connection. Thedefault for this parameter is for all the choices to be checked.RF Frequency Carrier: choose the frequency that the module will transmit on. The default fromthe factory is to have this parameter set to none.Downlink Data: choose the percentage of the aggregate throughput that is needed for thedownlink (i.e going from the backhaul timing master to the backhaul timing slave). For example, ifthe aggregate throughput on the backhaul master is 6 Mbits, then configuring this parameter for75% will allocate 4.5 Mbits for the downlink and 1.5 Mbits for the uplink. The default for thisparameter is 50%.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewLAN 1 IP: enter in the IP address that will be associated with the Ethernet connection on thismodule. The default address is 169.254.1.1. If the IP address is forgotten, the operator will needphysical access to the module and will need to create a Canopy “default plug”. See steps at theend of this section for use of a default plug.LAN1 Subnet Mask: enter in an appropriate subnet mask for the module to “talk” on the network.The default value for this parameter is 255.255.255.0Default Gateway: enter in the appropriate gateway for the module to “talk” on the network. Thedefault for this parameter is 169.254.1.1.Private IP: the default for this parameter is 192.168.101.1. It is recommended that the operatornot change this parameter. A flat, class C subnet is used to communicate with each of thesubscriber modules that have registered. The access point utilizes a combination of the private IPand the logical unit ID (LUID) of the subscriber module.For example, if there are two subscriber modules (LUID 2 and LUID 3) registered to an accesspoint module, then the access point uses the following to communicate to each:Unit LUID Private IPaccess point module 1 192.168.101.1subscriber module 1 2 192.168.101.2subscriber module 2 3 192.168.101.3If the private IP address is changed then it must designate a Class C subnet that s not utilized foranything else and the address must be in the form of xxx.xxx.xxx.1, where 1 is the last octet of theaddress.Color Code: enter in a value (0-254). The color code on the subscriber module and the accesspoint module must match in order for registration to occur. Color code is not a security feature. Itis a means for the Canopy System operator to segregate an individual network or neighbor Canopynetworks. Also, color code can be used to force a subscriber module to only register to a specificaccess point module even though the subscriber module may be able to see multiple access pointmodules. The default value for this parameter is 0 on all Canopy modules.Sector ID: choose an ID number to give to this access point module. This parameter does notaffect the operation of the module in any way. Its purpose is just another means to identify theaccess point module. When observing a subscriber module’s AP Eval Data web page, the sectorID is one of the distinguishing fields present to help the operator understand what access pointmodule is seen. It is recommended that when constructing an access point cluster (2-6 modules)that each sector be given a different ID and that the pattern be repeated throughout the entireCanopy System for manageability.Display-Only Access: enter the same password in both fields for verification. The display-onlypassword, when used, will allow only view activities to the module. When the display-onlypassword is set and not the full-access password, the display-only password will be tied to telnetand FTP sessions to the module. If the full-access password is also set then it has precedence onthe telnet and FTP sessions. If the password is forgotten, the operator will need physical access tothe module and will need to create a Canopy “default plug” to override the unit. See steps at end ofsection for use and creation of a default plug.Full Access: enter the same password in both fields for verification. The full-access password,
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory Reviewwhen used, will allow view and change activities to the module. When the full-access password isset, the password will also be tied to telnet and FTP sessions to the module. When prompted forthe password via the web-based interface, there is no username required; however when promptedfor the password via a telnet or FTP session, the user that MUST be used is “root”. If the passwordis forgotten, the operator will need physical access to the module and will need to create a Canopy“default plug” to override the unit. See steps at end of this section for use of a default plug.Webpage Auto Update: enter time period (in seconds) desired to have the web browser refreshthe web-based interface. The default setting is 0, which will cause the web-based interface tonever refresh.Airlink Security: choose the type of air link security that is to be utilized on this access pointmodule. There are two choices:• Normal: If utilizing this mode there is no encryption on the air link. This is the defaultoperation.• DES: If utilizing this mode the air link is encrypted using single DES.Bridge Entry Timeout: choose the appropriate bridge timeout for correct network operation withexisting network infrastructure. It is important that this parameter be set for a longer time periodthan the ARP (address resolution protocol) cache timeout of the router being used to feed thenetwork. Note: Failure to properly configure this may lead to temporary loss ofcommunication to specific end users.AP Background BER Mode: choose to have this feature turned on or off. Bit Error Rate (BER)mode will allow an operator another means to verify the functionality of a link. When BER mode isturn on a bit error rate can be read on the subscriber side to determine the quality of a registeredlink. If the access point module is in a cluster with other modules then this parameter on all unitsmust be set exactly the same. Continually, when this feature is on the aggregate availablebandwidth will decrease by ~200 Kbps.Community String: enter a string that will allow a SNMP management server accessibility to theSNMP information. There must not be any spaces in the community string. The default for thisparameter is “Canopy”.Accessing Subnet: enter the network that will be allowed to access SNMP information from thecanopy module. There are two pieces of information needed:• The network in the form of xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx• The CIDR (Classless Interdomain Routing) prefix length in the form of /xxAn example would be 198.32.0.0/16 where /16 is a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. An Internetsearch on Classless Interdomain Routing will provide greater detail on this subject for theinexperienced network operator. The default is to allow all networks access.Trap Address: enter in an IP address (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) of an SNMP management server wheretrap information can be sent. A trap is a way for the module to tell the monitoring system thatsomething has happened. The following are scenarios where traps would be sent:• after a reboot of the module• if a SNMP management server tried to access agent information and supplied the wrongcommunity string, wrong SNMP version number, or came from the wrong accessingsubnet.Site Name: enter information relating to a name given to the physical module. This parameter willset the supplied information into the sysName SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled by a SNMP
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory Reviewmanagement server. The buffer size for this field is 128 characters.Site Contact: enter contact information relating to the module. This parameter will set thesupplied information into the sysContact SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled by a SNMPmanagement server. The buffer size for this field is 128 characters.Site Location: enter information relating to the physical location of the module. This parameterwill set the supplied information into the sysLocation SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled by aSNMP management server. The buffer size for this field is 128 characters.Save Changes: by clicking on this button, any changes that have been made on the Configurationpage will be committed to flash memory and will take effect after the next module reboot.Undo Save Changes: by clicking on this button, any changes that have been made and notcommitted through a reboot of the module.Set to Factory Defaults: depressing this button will change all of the configurable parameters (allof which are contained on the Configuration page) back to their factory settings.Reboot: depressing this button will reboot the module.Canopy Default PlugWhen inserted, the default plug brings the module up with a default configuration. This allows theoperator to regain control of a module, which may be using an IP address and/or password thathas been forgotten. The default plug will also override the passwords for access and changecontrol and set the LAN1 IP address back to 169.254.1.1. This does not, by itself, change anyconfiguration, rather, it allows the operator to attach to the module using the default configurationso that they can read the actual non-default values and set them accordingly.The following steps outline the creation of a default plug (this plug can also be purchase for anominal fee at http://www.best-tronics.com/motorola):• Obtain a RJ-11, 6-pin connector and a small length of CAT 5 cable.• Pin-out all 6-pins according the following diagram and then short (i.e. solder) togetherpins 4 and 6 on the other end. Remaining wires should not be connected to anything.The following diagram shows the wiring of a default plug: pin 1 → white / orange pin 2 → white / green pin 3 → white / blue pin 4 → green solder to orange pin 5 → blue pin 6 → orange solder to green• Insert “default plug” in the GPS sync port of the module and apply power to the modulevia its Ethernet cable.When the module is booted up (power applied) it will be in default mode where the IP address willbe 169.254.1.1 and the passwords will be blank. All other configurations will have been preserved.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewEvent LogThis page contains information that is recorded from the subscriber module for troubleshootingpurposes. Please make note of the information that is gathered here when calling for technicalsupport.Clear Event Log: this button will clear the event log.LUID SelectThis web page connects to a registered unit over the RF link, to view its internal webpages. TheSessions webpage determines which LUID corresponds to a specific unit. Enter the LUID in thefield displayed and then click “Change LUID” to set the parameter. Click “View Current SubscriberModem” to access the unit with that LUID.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewLink TestThe Link Test is a test for measuring the throughput and efficiency of the RF link between twoCanopy modules.To perform a link test enter a number into the field labeled “Duration”. The duration is the numberof seconds the RF link will be tested. Start the link test by clicking the “Start Test” button. The testwill now run for the set duration. If the web page is not set to automatically refresh, click the“Refresh Display” button to see the results. For a Canopy System link to be considered acceptableit is necessary for the efficiencies of the link test to be greater than 90% in both the uplink anddownlink direction. It is recommended that when a new link is installed that a link test be executedto ensure that the efficiencies are within recommended guidelines.The key fields are:• Downlink RATE, bits per second• Uplink RATE, bits per second• Downlink Efficiency, percent• Uplink Efficiency, percentTime & DateThis web page is utilized to set the time and date of the access point module when it is notconnected to a Cluster Management Module (CMM). The time and date would need to be setevery time there is a power cycle. The format for the entry is:Time: hh:mm:ss Date: mm/dd/yyyy• hh: two digit hour in military time• mm: two digit minute• ss: two digit second• mm: two digit month• dd: two digit day• yyyy: four digit yearEnter in the appropriate information and click the Set Time and Date button.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewSessionsThe Session web page contains information on each of the subscriber modules that has registeredto the access point module. For each of the subscriber modules certain bits of information areshown on this web page. An example of such information is:LUID: 002 : MAC: 0a-00-3e-00-02-2f State: IN SESSIONSoftware Version : CANOPY 3.1 Aug 21 2002 13:52:12FPGA Version : 08200207Session Timeout: 7, AirDelay 5Session Count: 2, Reg Count 2, Re-Reg Count 2Average RSSI: 1842, Last RSSI: 1873Average Jitter: 6, Last Jitter: 5Descriptions of the parameters that are useful for managing and troubleshooting a Canopy Systemare:LUID: displays the logical unit ID of the subscriber module. As each subscriber module registersto the access point module it is assigned a LUID. The LUID range starts at 2. If a subscribermodule were to lose its registration with the access point and then regain the registration it willretain the same LUID, as long power has not cycled on the access point module.MAC: displays the MAC address (or electronic serial number) of the subscriber module.State: displays the current status of the subscriber module. There are two states:• IN SESSION: the subscriber module is currently registered to the access point module.• IDLE: the subscriber module was registered to the access point module at one time, but isnot currently.Software Version: displays the version of software that is running on the subscriber module. Ifthis parameter is not present, then a software version prior to release version 3.1 is on that module.FPGA Version: displays the version of FPGA that is running on the subscriber module. If thisparameter is not present, then a FPGA version prior to release version 082002 is on the module.AirDelay: displays the distance of the subscriber module from the access point module. Thenumber presented needs to be multiplied by 49 to convert the number to feet.Session Count: displays the number of sessions that this subscriber module has had with theaccess point module. If this value is excessive large compared to other subscriber modulesregistered with this access point, there may be an issue with the installation of the subscriber.Reg Count: displays the number of registration request messages the access point module hasseen from the subscriber module. If this value is excessive large compared to other subscribermodules registered with this access point, there may be an issue with the installation of thesubscriber.Re-Reg Count: displays the number of registration request messages the access point modulehas seen from the subscriber module that is already in session. If this value is excessive largecompared to other subscriber modules registered with this access point, there may be an issuewith the installation of the subscriber.Average RSSI: displays the average RSSI value for the subscriber module.Last RSSI: displays the last RSSI value for the subscriber module.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewAverage Jitter: displays the average Jitter value for the subscriber module.Last Jitter: displays the last Jitter value for the subscriber module.GPS StatusThe GPS Status web page displays information about latitude, longitude, height, satellites seenand tracked when the access point module is configured to sync to received signal and isconnected to a Cluster Management Module.Ethernet StatsThe Packet Stats web page reports TCP throughput and error information for the Ethernetconnection of the subscriber module. The following definitions are available:inoctets count: displays the total number of octets received on the interface, including framingcharacters.inucastpkts count: displays the total number of subnetwork-unicast packets delivered to a higherlayer protocolinnucastpkts count: displays the total number of non-unicast (i.e. subnetwork-broadcast orsubnetwork-multicast) packets delivered to a higher layer protocol.indiscards count: displays the total number of inbound packets which were chosen to bediscarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their be deliverable to higher layerprotocol. One possible reason to discard could be to free up buffer space.inerrors count: displays the total number of inbound packets that contained errors preventingthem from being delivered to a higher layer protocol.inunknownprotos count: displays the total number of packets received via the interface whichwere discards because of an unknown or unsupported protocol.outoctets count: displays the total number of octets transmitted out of the interface, includingframing characters.outucastpkts count: displays the total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested betransmitted to a subnetwork-unicast address, including those that were discarded or not sent.outnucastpkts count: displays the total number of packets that higher-level protocols requestedbe transmitted to a non-unicast (i.e. subnetwork-broadcast or subnetwork-multicast) address,including those that were discarded or not sent.outdiscards count: displays the total number of outbound packets which were chosen to bediscarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being transmitted. Onepossible reason for discarding such a packet could be to free up buffer space.outerrrors count: displays the total number of outbound packets that could not be transmittedbecause of errors.RxBabErr: displays the total number of receiver babble errors.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewEthBusErr: displays the total number of Ethernet bus errors on the Ethernet controller.CRCError: displays the total number of CRC errors on the Ethernet controller.RxOverrun: displays the total number of receiver-overrun errors on the Ethernet controller.Late Collision: displays the total number of late collisions on the Ethernet controller. A normalcollision occurs during the first 512 bits of the frame transmission. If a collision occurs after the 512bit times, then it is considered a late collision. A late collision should be taken as a serious networkproblem, since it causes the frame being transmitted to be discarded. The most common cause oflate collisions is a mismatch between duplex configurations at each end of a link segment.RetransLimitExp: displays the total number of retransmit limit expirations.TxUnderrun: displays the total number of transmission-underrun errors on the Ethernet controller.CarSenseLost: displays the total number of carrier sense lost errors occurred on the Ethernetcontroller.Expanded StatsClicking on the Expanded Stats link will display a number of pages of statistics that are maintainedby the Canopy module. Canopy Technical Support may ask the operator for specific information inthis section when troubleshooting an issue.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewTHE TIMING SLAVEStatusThe Status page contains information on the operation of the product. It is the default web page.The following parameters are displayed:Device Type: displays the type of Canopy module that is currently being viewed. This field will letthe operator know the frequency band of the module, the protocol that it is utilizing, and the MACaddress of the module. The frequency band can either be in the 5.2 GHz or 5.7 GHz band. Theprotocol for a subscriber module must be multipoint. The MAC address will be in the followingformat, 0a-00-3e-xx-xx-xx.Software Version: displays the version of the software that is currently loaded into the module.Please make note of this information when obtaining technical support.FPGA Version: displays the version of the FPGA (field programmable gate array) that is currentlyloaded into the module. Please make not of this information when obtaining technical support.Uptime: displays the length of time the module has been operating since power was applied.System Time: displays the current time, which is inherited from the Canopy System via theregistration to an access point module. When the module is registered to a Canopy System wherea Cluster Management Module (CMM) is being utilized the time is displayed in Greenwich MeanTime (GMT).Ethernet Interface: displays the configuration of the Ethernet interface on the module.Session Status: displays the current session state the module is in. There are four (5) optionsthat will display in this field, scanning, syncing, registering, registered, and alignment• Scanning – module is cycling through the RF frequencies that it is configured to scan and looking for
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory Reviewan access point module.• Syncing – module is attempting to synchronize timing to a single access point module• Registering – module sent a request for registration and is awaiting a response• Registered – module is locked on to a specific access point module and ready to transmit andreceive data packets• Alignment – module is in alignment modeRSSI: displays the current value for the Radio Signal Strength Indicator. This parameter will onlydisplay information when the module is registered to an access point module and the value is onlyupdated by either refreshing the web browser screen or configuring the Canopy module to auto-refresh (see Configuration web page.) An acceptable RSSI value for a registered link is greaterthan 700; however it is important to view this value in conjunction with the Jitter value.Jitter: displays the current value for the quality of the received signal. This parameter will onlydisplay information when the module is registered to an access point module and the value is onlyupdated by either refreshing the web browser screen or configuring the Canopy module to auto-refresh (see Configuration web page.) The value range for Jitter is 5-15, with the quality beingbetter on the low end of the scale. Jitter must be below 9 for a link to be of acceptable quality.Air Delay: display the distance from the subscriber module to the registered access point module.At close range, 0-200 feet, the distance will not report accurately.Radio Slicing Value: displays information to be used be Canopy technical support.Radio Transmit Gain Setting: displays information to be used by Canopy technical support.Site Name: displays information relating to the name of the physical module. This parameter canbe set by the operator on the Configuration web page. This information is set into the sysNameSNMP MIB-II object and can be polled via a SNMP management server.Site Contact: displays contact information for the physical module. This parameter can be set bythe operator on the Configuration web page. This information is set into the sysContact SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled via a SNMP management server.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewConfiguration PageThe Configuration web page contains information and configurable parameters pertaining to theoperation of the product. The first line of information on the Configuration screen is a repeat of theDevice Type from the Status web page. The following are the parameters and their descriptions.Timing Mode: choose whether this module will be a timing master or a timing slave. If theoperator is changing this mode, change only this parameter, save the changes and reboot. Uponreboot different set of web based interface pages will present themselves and offer the operatordifferent manageable as well as configurable features.Link Negotiation Speeds: choose the type of link speed desired for the Ethernet connection. Thedefault for this parameter is for all the choices to be checked.Custom RF Frequency Scan Selection (SM) List: Choose the frequencies that the subscribermodule will scan when looking for a Backhaul – timing master. For 5.2 and 5.7 GHz modules, 20MHz wide channels are centered every 5 MHz. The default for this parameter for 5.2 and 5.7 GHzmodules is to scan all available frequencies – all check boxes are selected by default, For 2.4 GHzmodules, 20 MHz wide channels are centered every 2.5 MHz. The default for this parameter for 2.4GHz modules is to scan 2415 MHz, 2435 MHz, and 2457.5 Mhz – only those 3 check boxes areselected by default.Select 2.4 GHz scan frequencies at least 5 MHz apart. Do not simply select allfrequencies by checking every box, like you might do with the 5.2 and 5.7 GHz SMs.Canopy gives you checkboxes in the 2.4 GHz band for channels centered every 2.5MHz, so you have flexibility for RF engineering based on your local RF environment.However, if you select scan frequencies only 2.5 MHz apart (in other words, if you check two boxesin sequence), there is potential for the BHS to successfully register to an BHM that is actuallytransmitting at a frequency 2.5 MHz higher as it scans up the selected frequencies. Registrationmay be successful, but the link is not as good as if it had registered 2.5 MHz higher, on the actualBHM frequency. The 5 MHz spacing for channels on 5.2 and 5.7 GHz BHSs are far enough apart
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory Reviewthis doesn’t happen.LAN1 IP: enter in the IP address that will be associated with the Ethernet connection on thismodule. The default address is 169.254.1.1.The radio buttons to the right of the IP address field offer the ability to make the LAN 1 IP either alocal or publicly accessible address. If the address is designated a local address it will only beaccessible via the host computer (network) that is connected to the module via the Ethernet cable.If the address is designated a public address it will be accessible network-wide. The default for thisfeature is for the address to be local. If the IP address is forgotten, the operator will need physicalaccess to the module and will need to create a Canopy “default plug”. See steps to create and usea default plug in the section on the Timing Master.LAN1 Subnet Mask: enter in an appropriate subnet mask for the module to “talk” on the network.The default value for this parameter is 255.255.255.0Default Gateway: enter in an appropriate gateway address for the module. The default value forthis parameter is 169.254.0.0.Color Code: enter in a value (0-254). The color code on the subscriber module and the accesspoint module must match in order for registration to occur. Color code is not a security feature. Itis a means for the Canopy System operator to segregate an individual network or neighbor Canopynetworks. Also, color code can be used to force a subscriber module to only register to a specificaccess point module even though the subscriber module may be able to see multiple access pointmodules. The default value for this parameter is 0 on all Canopy modules.Display-Only Password: enter the same password in both fields for verification. The display-onlypassword, when used, will allow only view activities to the module. When the display-onlypassword is set and not the full-access password, the display-only password will be tied to telnetand FTP sessions to the module. If the full-access password is also set then it has precedence onthe telnet and FTP sessions. If the password is forgotten, the operator will need physical access tothe module and will need to create a Canopy “default plug” to override the unit. See steps to createand use a default plug in the section on the Timing Master.Full-Access Password: enter the same password in both fields for verification. The full-accesspassword, when used, will allow view and change activities to the module. When the full-accesspassword is set, the password will also be tied to telnet and FTP sessions to the module. Whenprompted for the password via the web-based interface, there is no username required; howeverwhen prompted for the password via a telnet or FTP session, the user that MUST be used is “root”.If the password is forgotten, the operator will need physical access to the module and will need tocreate a Canopy “default plug” to override the unit. See steps to create and use a default plug inthe section on the Timing Master.Webpage Auto Update: enter time period (in seconds) desired to have the web browser refreshthe web-based interface. The default setting is 0, which will cause the web-based interface tonever refresh.SM Power Up Mode with No 802.3 Link: choose which mode the module will default to whenthere is no Ethernet connection sensed by the module. There are two modes available, the first isAlignment mode and the second is Operational mode. Operational mode is the default setting.Bridge Timeout Entry: choose the appropriate bridge timeout for correct network operation with
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory Reviewexisting network infrastructure. It is important that this parameter be set for a longer time periodthan the ARP (address resolution protocol) cache timeout of the router being used to feed thenetwork.Authorization Key: each module ships with a unique, pre-programmed authorization key to beused when an operator configures the Canopy System for DES encryption.Site Name: enter information relating to a name given to the physical module. This parameter willset the supplied information into the sysName SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled by a SNMPmanagement server. The buffer size for this field is 256 characters.Site Contact: enter contact information relating to the module. This parameter will set thesupplied information into the sysContact SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled by a SNMPmanagement server. The buffer size for this field is 256 characters.Site Location: enter information relating to the physical location of the module. This parameterwill set the supplied information into the sysLocation SNMP MIB-II object and can be polled by aSNMP management server. The buffer size for this field is 256 characters.Save Changes: by clicking on this button, any changes that have been made on the Configurationpage will be committed to flash memory and will take effect after the next module reboot.Undo Save Changes: by clicking on this button, any changes that have been made and notcommitted through a reboot of the module.Set to Factory Defaults: depressing this button will change all of the configurable parameters (allof which are contained on the Configuration page) back to their factory settings.Reboot: depressing this button will reboot the module.Event LogSee the Timing Master section. Information is exactly the same.AP Eval DateThe AP Eval Data web page contains information on each of the access point modules that thesubscriber module has visibility to. For each access point module that can be seen certain bits ofinformation are shown on this web page. An example of the information shown on this web pagefor each access point module:Index: 0 Frequency: 0 MHz ESN: 0a-00-3e-00-01-d5Jitter: 5 RSSI: 1295 Beacon Count: 37Type: Multipoint Avail: 1 Age: 0 Lockout: 0 RegFail 0 Range: 245 feet TxBER: 1Session Count: 3 No LUIDS: 0 Out of Range: 0 Rescan Req: 0FrameNumber: 568 SectorID: 0 Color Code: 0 BeaconVersion: 1 SectorUserCount: 1PercentDataDwn: 75 PercentDataUpHi: 0 NumDAckSlots: 3 NumContSlots: 3 NumUAckSlots: 3Descriptions of the parameters that can be useful for managing and troubleshooting a CanopySystem are:Index: each access point module that a subscriber module can see is assigned an index value forpurposes of this web page only. The index number starts with 0 and increases by 1. This index isused to tell the operator which access point module the subscriber is currently registered to. For
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory Reviewexample, the first line of text on the web page says “Current entry index: 5”, the operator wouldthen scroll down the list of access point modules to the module with “Index: 5” to view informationabout the link.Frequency: displays the transmit frequency of the access point module.ESN: displays the electronic serial number (MAC address) of the access point module.Jitter: displays the last jitter value captured between the subscriber and access point module.Range: displays the distance (in feet) between the subscriber and access point module. Thisparameter will only be valid when observing the data for the access point module that thesubscriber is currently registered to.Session Count: displays the number of times the subscriber module has gone in and out ofsession with the access point. If this number is particularly large, it typically signifies that there issome sort of issue with the link (i.e. non line of sight, interferers, etc.)Out of Range: displays a counter for the number of times the access point module has seen asubscriber module who has attempted to register and has been farther away than the max rangeparameter on the access point.Sector ID: displays the sector ID of the access point module.Color Code: displays the color code of the access point module.Sector User Count: displays the numbers of registered subscriber modules on the access point.Rescan APs: click on this button to force the subscriber module to redo the scanning process.The subscriber module will scan, through the frequencies checked on the Configuration web page,for all available access point modules and register to the one that provides the best results forRSSI, Jitter, and number of registered users.Ethernet StatsSee the Backhaul Timing Master section. The information is exactly the same.Expanded StatsClicking on the Expanded Stats link will display a number of pages of statistics that are maintainedby the Canopy module. Canopy Technical Support may ask the operator for specific information inthis section when troubleshooting an issue. There are 3 areas in the Expanded Stats that anoperator can use for managing and troubleshooting a Canopy System. Those 3 areas are:• Link Test• Alignment• BER Display
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewLink TestThe Link Test is a test for measuring the throughput and efficiency of the RF link between twoCanopy modules.To perform a link test enter a number into the field labeled “Duration”. The duration is the numberof seconds the RF link will be tested. Start the link test by clicking the “Start Test” button. The testwill now run for the set duration. If the web page is not set to automatically refresh, click the“Refresh Display” button to see the results. For a Canopy System link to be considered acceptableit is necessary for the efficiencies of the link test to be greater than 90% in both the uplink anddownlink direction. It is recommended that when a new link is installed that a link test be executedto ensure that the efficiencies are within recommended guidelines.The key fields are:• Downlink RATE, bits per second• Uplink RATE, bits per second• Downlink Efficiency, percent• Uplink Efficiency, percent
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewAlignmentThe Alignment web page contains tools to assist in the alignment of a subscriber module to anaccess point module. There are two modes that can be utilized when aligning a module: 1) RSSIonly and 2) normal alignment mode.RSSI Only is a mode where the module will report the signal strength based on the amount ofenergy present at a selected frequency. The subscriber module does not have to be registered toan access point module for information on signal strength to be reported back. This can simplify theaiming process for long links when the Canopy passive reflector (5.7GHz band only) is being used.To utilize RSSI only mode:• Choose the frequency to monitor from the pick list (this would be the samefrequency that the backhaul timing master module is transmitting on)• Click the radio button to highlight “Enable” on RSSI Only mode• Click “Enable Aiming Mode”The module will now report back the level of RF energy present at that specific frequency. Torefresh the screen, click the Enable Aiming Mode button as appropriate or configure the web pageauto-refresh option.The normal operation of alignment mode will report information as it relates to the RSSI level andJitter value. To utilize normal alignment mode, ensure that the Disabled radio button is checkedand then click Enable Aiming Mode button. As with the previous mode to refresh the mode eithercontinue clicking the Enable Aiming Mode button or configure the auto-refresh option. Also, duringnormal alignment mode the LEDs on the outside of the Canopy module will report back informationon the performance of the link. There are 6 LEDs and when in alignment mode the LEDs areturned into a 6-position bar graph. The more LEDs that are lit, the better the RSSI and Jitter valuesthe module is seeing. The colors of the LEDS have no particular meaning other than to assist isdistinguishing one position from the next.The minimum values that are needed for an acceptable link are RSSI this above 700, Jitter that isbetween 5 and 9, and link efficiencies that are greater than 90% in both the up and down link. Ifany one of these criteria are not met the link may still be operational but may have issues time totime.Note: If a Canopy module is placed into Alignment Mode it will automatically drop intoOperational Mode after 15 minutes.BER Display
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewBit Error Rate (BER) Display is utilized by the operator to measure the amount bit errors present ina link. BER Display will only work if the access point module is configured to send the BER stream.**IMPORTANT** If one access point module in a cluster is set to send a BER stream then allother access point modules in that cluster must be configured in the same fashion.The field, Measured Bit Error Rate, will display a value that corresponds to the BER at the momentof web browser refresh. An acceptable link will have a BER that is less than 10-4. If the BER isgreater than 10-4 then the operator needs to evaluate the subscriber and/or access point moduleinstallation for potential issues. To refresh the screen, click the Refresh Display button asappropriate or configure the web page auto-refresh option.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewACCESSORIESThe following accessories are available for use with the Canopy System. To purchaseaccessories, please contact an authorized Canopy dealer, unless otherwise noted.• Universal mounting bracket• Passive reflector dishes for use with 5.7 GHz subscriber modules.• 90-220V AC power supply (part number ACPSSW-01)Cable assemblies for the Canopy System can be ordered from Best-Tronics Manufacturing Inc. bygoing to their website at http://www.best-tronics.com/motorola. Due to the RF environment CanopyBackhauls, Access Points, and Cluster Management Modules often operate in, it is stronglyrecommended to use shielded cable for infrastructure cabling connecting these modules.
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewAPPENDIXThere are two basic concepts that are needed for a basic understanding of networking, IPaddresses and subnet masks. IP addresses are 32-bit binary numbers that have twocorresponding parts or sub-addresses, the first part identifying the network and the second partidentifying the hosts on the network. An imaginary boundary separates the first part from thesecond. This imaginary boundary is marked by way of the subnet mask. The subnet mask isanother 32-bit binary number the acts like a filter on the IP address. When a subnet mask has a bitset to 1, the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network address. A subnet isclassified as either a class A, class B, or class C network. The following table shows the commonsubnet mask classes:Class Network Portion Host PortionA 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000B 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000C 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000For example, if you have an IP address of 169.254.1.1 and a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0, then thefirst 16-bits of the 32-bit IP address identify the network.10101001 11111110 00000001 00000001IP address11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000Subnet MaskThere are 216 (65,536) addressable hosts in this example and 169.254 is the network. There is onelast piece of information that is needed here. Subnet masks are not shipped around in the IPpacket, the packet only contains the 32-bit IP address of the destination. So without this valuablepiece of information devices have no idea what portion of the IP address is part of the network andwhich is part of the host address. How does data know where it is supposed to go? IP systemsdeveloped a unique form of logic to make this determination. Class A network addresses alwayshave the first bit of their IP address set to 0. Class B network addresses always have their first bitset to 1 and their second bit set to 0. Class C network addresses always have their first two bitsset to 1 and the third bit set to 0. By examining these first bits of the IP address a device candetermine what subnet mask should be applied to the IP address and determine where to route thedata.The following is a synopsis of an Internet Draft (http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-zeroconf-ipv4-linklocal-05.txt) that describes how Microsoft and Apple operating systems reactwhen a DHCP server is not found on the network. In general, a computer needs certainconfiguration information to operate on a network. Those configurations are an IP address, asubnet mask, and possibly a gateway address. A DHCP server will automatically assign thisconfiguration information to a computer on a network or an operator is required to manually inputthese configurable items. When a computer is brought online and a DHCP server is not accessible(i.e. server is down or the computer is not plugged into the network) Microsoft and Apple operatingsystems will default to an IP address and subnet mask of 169.254.x.x and 255.255.0.0(169.254/16).
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewSPECIFICATIONSFrequency BandRange2.4 Modules: ISM 2.4 to 2.4835 GHz5.2 Modules: U-NII: 5.25 to 5.35 GHz5.7 Modules: ISM: 5.725 to 5.850 GHzAccess Method Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)Signaling Rate 10 Mbps or 20 MbpsModulation Type High Index 2-level or 4-level Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)(Optimized for interference rejection)Carrier toInterference (C/I)3 dB nominal for 10 Mbps, 10 dB nominal for 20 MbpsReceiver Sensitivity -83 dBm at 10-4 BER for 10 Mbps, -79 dBm at 10-4 BER for 20 MbpsOperating Range(All Weather)Module Type ModulationRateReflectors Typical Range5.2 BH10 10 None allowed inUS or Canada2 miles (3.2 km)5.2 BH10 ER 10 One end 2 miles (3.2 km)5.2 BH10 ER 10 Both ends 10 miles (16 km)5.2 BH20 ER 20 One end 1 mile (1.6 km)5.2 BH20 ER 20 Both ends 5 miles (8 km)5.7 BH10 10 None 2 miles (3.6 km)5.7 BH10 10 One end 10 miles (16 km)5.7 BH10 10 Both ends 35 miles (56 km)5.7 BH20 20 None 1 mile (1.6 km)5.7 BH20 20 One end 5 miles (8 km)5.7 BH20 20 Both ends 35 miles (56 km)2.4 BH10 10 None 5 miles (8 km)2.4 BH10 10 One end 15 miles (24 km)2.4 BH10 10 Both ends 35 miles (56 km)2.4 BH20 20 None 3 miles (4.8 km)2.4 BH20 20 One end 5 miles (8 km)2.4 BH20 20 Both ends 35 miles (56 km)Transmitter Power Meets FCC U-NII/ISM and IC LELAN ERP LimitDC Power measuredat DC converter0.34 A @ 24 VDC (8.2 watts) typical0.38 A @ 24 VDC (9.1 watts) max (long cable runs, high ambienttemperature, high transmit ratio (set by downlink percentage))Interface 10/100 BaseT, half/full duplexRate auto negotiated (802 3 compliant)
Backhaul User Manual Draft for Regulatory ReviewRate auto negotiated (802.3 compliant)Protocols Used byCanopyIPV4, UDP, TCP, ICMP, Telnet,HTTP, FTP, SNMP, DESProtocols Supportedby CanopySwitched Layer 2 Transport with support for all common Ethernet protocolsincluding IPV6, NetBIOS, DHCP, IPX, etc.Software UpgradePathRemotely downloaded into FLASH via RF linkNetworkManagementHTTP, TELNET, FTP, SNMPTemperature -40°C to +55°C (-40ºF - +131ºF)Dimensions 11.75” H x 3.4” W x 3.4” D (29.9 cm H x 8.6 cm W x 8.6 cm D)Weightwith passive reflector1 lb. (.45kg)6.5 lbs. (3 kg)

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