LINKSYS WRVS4400NV2 Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN User Manual

LINKSYS LLC Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN

Contents

User manual 2 of 2

IPsec VPN Use this screen to create VPN tunnels between the Router to the remote Router. All Linksys Routers with IPsec VPN support can be used as a remote Router (e.g. RVS4000, WRV54G, RV042). The Router supports VPN tunnels using IPsec (IP Security) technologies. You can create, delete, or modify a VPN tunnel on this page. Select Tunnel Entry. Select a tunnel to configure or create a new tunnel. Delete Button. Click this button to delete the selected tunnel. Summary Button. Clicking this button shows the settings of all existing tunnels. IPsec VPN Tunnel. Select Enable to enable this tunnel. Tunnel Name. Enter a name for this tunnel, such as “Anaheim Office”. Local Security Group Local Security Gateway Type This has two settings, IP Only and IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication. • IP Only If this is selected, the RVS4000’s WAN IP address automatically appears in the IP Address field. • IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication This is the same as IP Only, but includes a domain name for greater security. Enter an arbitrary domain name in the Domain Name field. The Router’s WAN IP address automatically appears in the IP Address field. Local Security Group Type Select the local LAN user(s) behind the router that can use this VPN tunnel. This may be a single IP address or Sub-network. Notice that the Local Security Group Type must match the other router’s Remote Security Group Type.
IP Address Enter the IP address on the local network. Subnet Mask If the Local Security Group Type is set to Subnet, enter the mask to determine the IP addresses on the local network. Remote Group Setup Remote Security Gateway Type Select either IP Only or IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication. The setting should match the Local Security Gateway Type for the VPN device at the other end of the tunnel. • IP Only Select this to specify the remote device that will have access to the tunnel. Then either select IP Address from the drop-down menu and enter the remote gateway’s WAN IP address in the IP Address field, or select IP by DNS Resolved from the dropdown menu and enter the remote gateway’s domain name in the Domain Name field. • IP + Domain Name (FQDN) Authentication This is the same as IP Only but includes a domain name for greater security. Enter an arbitrary domain name in the Domain Name field. Then select either IP Address or IP by DNS Resolved from the drop-down menu, and fill in the IP Address field or Domain Name field. Remote Security Group Type Select the remote LAN user(s) behind the remote gateway who can use this VPN tunnel. This may be a single IP address or a Sub-network. Note that the Remote Security Group Type must match the other router’s Local Security Group Type. IP Address Enter the IP address on the remote network. Subnet Mask If the Remote Security Group Type is set to Subnet, enter the mask to determine the IP addresses on the remote network. IPSec Setup Keying Mode. The Router supports both automatic and manual key management. When choosing automatic key management, IKE (Internet Key Exchange) protocols are used to negotiate key material for SA (Security Association). If manual key management is selected, no key negotiation is needed. Basically, manual key management is used in small static environments or for troubleshooting purpose. Notice that both sides must use the same Key Management method (both Auto or both Manual). For Manual key management, all the configurations need to match on both sides. Phase 1 Encryption. The Encryption method determines the complexity to encrypt/decrypt ESP packets. Only 3DES is supported. Notice that both sides must use the same Encryption method. Authentication. Authentication determines a method to authenticate the ESP packets to make sure they come from a trusted source. Either MD5 or SHA1 may be selected. Notice that both sides (VPN endpoints) must use the same Authentication method. • MD5: A one way hashing algorithm that produces a 128-bit digest. • SHA1: A one way hashing algorithm that produces a 160-bit digest. Group. The Diffie-Hellman (DH) group to be used for key exchange. Select the 768-bit (Group 1), 1024-bit (Group 2), or 1536-bit (Group 5) algorithm. Group 5 provides the most security, Group 1 the least. Key Life Time. This field specifies the lifetime of the IKE generated key. If the time expires, a new key will be renegotiated automatically. The Key Lifetime may range from 1081 to 86400 seconds. The default lifetime is 28800 seconds.
Phase 2 Encryption. The Encryption method determines the complexity to encrypt/decrypt ESP packets. Only 3DES is supported. Notice that both sides must use the same Encryption method. Authentication Algorithm. Authentication determines a method to authenticate the ESP packets to make sure they come from a trusted source. Either MD5 or SHA1 may be selected. Notice that both sides (VPN endpoints) must use the same Authentication method. • MD5: A one way hashing algorithm that produces a 128-bit digest. • SHA1: A one way hashing algorithm that produces a 160-bit digest. Perfect Forward Secrecy If PFS is enabled, IKE Phase 2 negotiation will generate a new key material for IP traffic encryption and authentication. Note that both sides must have this selected. Pre-Shared Key. IKE uses the Pre-shared Key field to authenticate the remote IKE peer. Both characters and hexadecimal values are acceptable in this field. e.g. “My_@123” or “0x4d795f40313233” Note that both sides must use the same Pre-shared Key. Group. The Diffie-Hellman (DH) group to be used for key exchange. Select the 768-bit (Group 1), 1024-bit (Group 2), or 1536-bit (Group 5) algorithm. Group 5 provides the most security, Group 1 the least. Key Life Time. This field specifies the lifetime of the IKE generated key. If the time expires, a new key will be renegotiated automatically. The Key Lifetime may range from 1081 to 86400 seconds. The default lifetime is 3600 seconds. Status Status. This field shows the connection status for the selected tunnel. The state is either connected or disconnected. Connect button. Use this to establish a connection for the current VPN tunnel. If you have made any changes, click Save Settings to first apply your changes. Disconnect button. Use this to break a connection for the current VPN tunnel. View Log button. Click this to view the VPN log, which shows details of each tunnel established. You can change the Log type to show only VPN tunnel related events. Advanced Click this button to display the following additional settings. • Aggressive Mode This is used to specify the type of Phase 1 exchange, Main mode or Aggressive mode. Check the box to select Aggressive Mode or leave the box unchecked (default) to select Main mode. Aggressive mode requires half of the main mode messages to be exchanged in Phase 1 of the SA exchange. If network security is preferred, select Main mode. • NetBios Broadcasts Check the box to enable NetBIOS traffic to pass through the VPN tunnel. By default, the WRVS4000Nv2 blocks these broadcasts. Click Save Settings to save the settings you have entered. Click Cancel Changes to cancel any changes you have entered.
VPN Client Accounts Use this page to administer your VPN Client users. Enter the information at the top of the screen and the users you’ve entered will appear in the list at the bottom, showing their status. This will work with the Linksys QuickVPN client only. (The Router supports up to five Linksys QuickVPN Clients by default. Additional QuickVPN Client licenses can be purchased separately. See www.linksys.com for more information) Username. Enter the username using any combination of keyboard characters. Password. Enter the password you would like to assign to this user. Re-enter to Confirm. Retype the password to ensure that it has been entered correctly. Allow User to Change Password. This option determines whether the user is allowed to change their password. VPN Client List Table No. Displays the user number. Active. When checked, the designated user can connect, otherwise the VPN client account is disabled. Username. Displays the username. Edit button. This button is used to modify the username, password, or toggle between whether the user is allowed to change their password. Remove button. This button is used to delete a user account. Certificate Management This section allows you to manage the certificate used for securing the communication between the router and QuickVPN clients. Generate Click this button to generate a new certificate to replace the existing certificate on the router. Export for Admin Click this button to export the certificate for administrator. A dialog
will ask you to specify where you want to store your certificate. The default file name is “WRVS4000Nv2_Admin.pem” but you can use another name. The certificate for administrator contains the private key and needs to be stored in a safe place as a backup. If the router’s configuration is reset to the factory default, this certificate can be imported and restored on the router. Export for Client Click this button to export the certificate for client. A dialog will ask you where you want to store your certificate. The default file name is “WRVS4000Nv2_Client.pem” but you can use another name. For QuickVPN users to securely connect to the router, this certificate needs to be placed in the install directory of the QuickVPN client. Import Click this button to import a certificate previously saved to a file using Export for Admin or Export for Client. Enter the file name in the field or click Browse to locate the file on your computer, then click Import. Certificate Last Generated or Imported This displays the date and time when a certificate was last generated or imported. Click Save Settings to save your settings. Click Cancel Changes to cancel any changes you have entered.
VPN Passthrough This screen allows users to use their own VPN algorithms to connect to their remote Routers. The Wireless Router will just pass the traffic through. IPsec Passthrough. Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a suite of protocols used to implement secure exchange of packets at the IP layer. IPsec Passthrough is enabled by default to allow IPsec tunnels to pass through the Router. To disable IPsec Passthrough, select Disable. PPTP Passthrough. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) allows the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. PPTP Passthrough is enabled by default. To disable PPTP Passthrough, select Disable. L2TP Passthrough. Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol is the similar to PPP but allows Layer 2 and the PPP session to terminate at different servers or locations. L2TP Passthrough is enabled by default. To disable L2TP Passthrough, select Disable. Change these settings as described here and click Save Settings to apply your changes, or click Cancel Changes to cancel your changes. Help information is displayed on the right-hand side of the screen, and click More for additional details.
QoS Tab QoS (Quality of Service) allows you to perform Bandwidth Management, by either Rate Control or Priority. You can also configure QoS Trust Mode and the DSCP settings. Bandwidth Management Bandwidth This section lets you specify the maximum bandwidth provided by the ISP on the WAN interface, for both the upstream and downstream directions. Bandwidth Management Type Type The desired type of bandwidth management, either Rate Control (default) or
Priority. Depending on your selection, the lower portion of the screen displays either the Rate Control section or the Priority section. Rate Control Service Select the service from the drop-down menu. If it does not contain the service you need, click Service Management to add the service. IP Enter the IP address or IP range you need to control. The default is zero which includes all internal IP addresses. Direction Select Upstream for outbound traffic or Downstream for inbound traffic. Mini. Rate Enter the minimum rate for the guaranteed bandwidth. Max. Rate Enter the maximum rate for the guaranteed bandwidth. Enable Check this box to enable this Rate Control Rule. Add to list After a rule is set up, click this button to add it to the list. The list can contain a maximum of 15 entries. Delete selected application Click this button to delete a rule from the list. Priority Service Select the service from the drop-down menu. If it does not contain the service you need, click Service Management to add the service. Direction Select Upstream for outbound traffic or Downstream for inbound traffic from the drop-down menu. Priority Select High, Medium, Normal, or Low priority for the service. The default is Medium. Enable Check this box to enable this Priority Rule. Add to list After a rule is set up, click this button to add it to the list. The list can contain a maximum of 15 entries. Delete selected application Click this button to delete a rule from the list. Click Save Settings to save your settings. Click Cancel Changes to cancel any changes you have entered.
QoS Setup The QoS Setup screen allows users to configure QoS Trust Mode for each LAN port. Port ID The number of the LAN port. Trust Mode Select either Port, CoS, or DSCP. The default is Port. Default CoS/Port Priority If Trust Mode is set to Port, select the port priority from 1 to 4 from the drop-down menu. If Trust Mode is set to CoS, select the default CoS priority from 0 to 7 from the drop-down menu. CoS Setup Priority The CoS priority from 0 to 7. Queue Select the traffic forwarding queue, 1 to 4, to which the CoS priority is mapped. Click Save Settings to save your settings. Click Cancel Changes to cancel any changes you have entered.
DSCP Setup DSCP The Differentiated Services Code Point value in the incoming packet. Queue Select the traffic forwarding queue, to 4, to which the DSCP priority is mapped. Restore Defaults Click this button to restore the default DSCP values. Click Save Settings to save your settings. Click Cancel Changes to cancel any changes you have entered.
Management Router Access Router Userlist. Select a user to configure from the drop-down menu. Router Username. Enter the user name here. Router Password. Enter the password. Re-enter to Confirm. Retype the password in this field. Access List Access List specifies which Source IP addresses can manage the device. Default is Disable. SNMP This configures the Simple Network Management Protocol settings. Users can use management software to read or write information from or to the device. SNMP. Select Enable if you wish to use SNMP. To use SNMP, you need SNMP software on your PC. System Name Enter a suitable name. This name will be used to identify this device, and will be displayed by your SNMP software. System Contact Enter contact information for the system. System Location Enter the location of the system. Read Community. Enter the SNMP community name for SNMP “Get” commands. Write Community. Enter the SNMP community name for SNMP “Set” commands. Trap Community Enter the SNMP community name for SNMP “Trap” commands. Trap To. Enter the IP Address of the SNMP Manager where traps will be sent. If desired, this may be left blank.
UPnP UPnP. Universal Plug and Play allows Windows MP and XP to automatically configure the Internet Gateway on its routing table. If you want to use UPnP, keep the default setting, Enable. Otherwise, select Disable. VLAN Management via VLAN Control the access of Web based GUI from associated wireless clients. The default is Disable. Change these settings as described here and click Save Settings to apply your changes, or click Cancel Changes to cancel your changes. Help information is displayed on the right-hand side of the screen, and click More for additional details.
Log This screen provides you options on how you want to manage your system logs. The Wireless Router provides four categories of event logging (Firewall, VPN, System, and ACL). You can configure the Wireless Router to send the event log to you through e-mail, upload the log to syslog server, or view the log locally on the Wireless Router. Log Setting Log Level Select the log level(s) that the Router should record. Log levels and their meanings are: Log Level Level Severity Name Description 7 LOG_DEBUG Debug-level message 6 LOG_INFO Informational messages only 5 LOG_NOTICE Normal but significant condition 4 LOG_WARNING Warning conditions 3 LOG_ERR Error conditions 2 LOG_CRIT Critical conditions 1 LOG_ALERT Immediate action needed 0 LOG_EMERG System unusable Outgoing Log Select Enable to cause all outgoing packets to be logged. You can then click View Outgoing Table to display information on the outgoing packets including Source IP, Destination IP, and Service/Port number. Incoming Log Select Enable to cause all incoming packets to be logged. You can then click View Incoming Table to display information on incoming packets including Source
IP, Destination IP, and Service/Port number. Email Alerts Email Alerts. If enabled, an e-mail will be sent when the number of DoS events exceeds the defined threshold or the total events number exceed 100. If enabled, the e-mail address information (below) must be provided. Denial of Service Thresholds. Enter the number of DoS (Denial of Service) attacks which need to be blocked by the built-in Firewall before an e-mail alert is sent. The minimum value is 20, the maximum value is 100. Log Queue Length The default is 50 entries (Router will e-mail the log if there are more than 50 entries). Log Time Threshold The default is 10 minutes (Router will e-mail the log every 10 minutes). SMTP Mail Server. Enter the address (domain name) or IP address of the SMTP (Simple Mail Transport Protocol) server you use for outgoing e-mails. Email Address for Alert Logs. Enter the e-mail address the log is to be sent to. Return Email Address. The e-mail will show this address as the sender's address. Enable SMTP Authentication If your SMTP server requires Authentication, you can enable it here, and enter the Username and Password. E-mail Log Now Press this button to cause the log to be e-mailed immediately. Syslog Enable Syslog. Select Enable if you want to use this feature. Syslog Server. Enter the IP Address in the Syslog Server field when Enable Syslog is checked. Local Log Local Log. Enable this if you want to see the log locally on the Wireless Router. View Log button. If Local Log is enabled, click View Log to view the event log on the Wireless Router.
Change these settings as described here and click Save Settings to apply your changes, or click Cancel Changes to cancel your changes. Help information is displayed on the right-hand side of the screen, and click More for additional details.
Diagnostics Ping Test Parameters Ping Target IP. Enter the IP address or URL that you want to ping. Ping Size. Enter the size of the packet you want to use. Number of Pings. Enter the number of times you wish to ping the target device. Ping Interval. Enter the time period (in milliseconds) between each ping. Ping Timeout. Enter the desired time period (in milliseconds). If a response is not received within the defined ping period, the ping is considered to have failed. Start Test button. Click this button to begin the test. A new screen will appear and display the test results. A summary of the PING results will be shown on the bottom of this screen. Ping Result. It displays the Ping status. Traceroute Test Parameters Traceroute Target Enter the target IP address for the traceroute test. Start Test Click this button to begin the test. A new screen will appear and display the test results. Cable Diagnostics Port Select the port number from the drop-down menu. Pair Identifies a specific pair (A, B, C, or D) in the cable. Each cable consists of 8 pins (4 pairs). Cable Length Displays the length of the cable in meters. Status Displays the status of the pair.
Traceroute Test Parameters TraceRoute Target. Enter the IP address or Host name to perform the traceroute testing. Start Test button. Click this button to begin the test. A new screen will appear and display the test results.
Backup & Restore Backup button. To download a copy of the current configuration and storethe file on your PC, click Backup to start the download. Restore Configuration Select a previously saved configuration file to restore the configuration to the Wireless Router. This could be helpful if you want to use the same configuration on a new hardware or after resetting to the factory defaults. You can either enter the file path name yourself or use the Browse button to select a file from the Windows file system. Browse button. Click this button to select a previously saved configuration from the Windows file system. Restore button. Click this button to start the restoration process.
Factory Defaults Restore Factory Defaults. Click this button to reset all configuration settings to their default values. All settings that have been saved will be lost when the default settings are restored. After clicking the button, another screen will appear. Click OK to continue. Another screen will appear while the system reboots. Reboot Reboot. Click this button to reboot the Router. This operation will not cause the Router to lose any of its stored settings.
Firmware Upgrade To upgrade firmware, download the latest firmware for the product from Linksys.com, extract it to your computer, and perform the steps below: 1. File. Type in the name of the extracted firmware upgrade file or click Browse to locate the file from the file system. 2. Start to Upgrade. Once you have selected the appropriate file, click the Start to Upgrade button and follow the on-screen instructions to upgrade your firmware.
IPS The Wireless Router supports advanced Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS), which is an integral part of the self-defending strategy. It allows you to stay current on the latest threats so that malicious or damaging traffic is accurately identified, classified, and stopped in realtime. You can use IPS together with Firewall, IP based ACL, and IPsec VPN to achieve maximum securities. The IPS is hardware-accelerated on this Wireless Router. Configure IPS functions on this screen after enabling IPS. Configuration IPS Function. Enable or Disable the IPS Function as desired. Abnormally Detection • HTTP. Web attacks use weaknesses on HTTP protocol to trigger the buffer overflow on Web servers. The default is Disable. • FTP. FTP attacks use weaknesses on FTP protocol to generate illegal FTP commands to the FTP server. The default is Disable. • TELNET. Telnet attacks use weakness on TELNET protocol to execute illegal commands on the TELNET server. The default is Disable. • RPC. Remote Procedure Call allows attackers to issue illegal commands to be executed on RPC server. The default is Disable Signature Update. To protect your local network from the latest Internet threats, you are encouraged to upgrade the IPS Signature file bi-weekly. First, you need to download the Signature file from www.linksys.com to your PC. Then you can select this file by clicking the Browse button. Use the Upgrade button to start an upgrade. Browse button. Enter the path name of the new signature file In the field provided, or click the Browse button to find this file from your Windows file system. Update button. After you have selected the file, click this button to start an upgrade. Change these settings as described here and click Save Settings to apply your changes, or click Cancel Changes to cancel your changes. Help information is displayed on the
right-hand side of the screen, and click More for additional details. P2P/M This tab allows the system administrator to set up policies on using P2P or IM software across the Internet. Peer to Peer When users download files from the Internet by Peer to Peer (P2P) software, the WAN port bandwidth will be occupied. You can enable the blocking to the following P2P software applications. The defaults are non-block for the following applications: GNUTELLA(EZPEER), FASTTRACK, KURO, EDONKEY2000, BITTORRECT, DIRECTCONNECT, PIGO, and WINMX. Instant Messenger Users might use IM software to chat with friends or transferring files (bandwidth hogging). You can enable the blocking to the following IM software applications. The defaults are non-block for the following applications. MSN, ICQ, YAHOO MESSEGER, SKYPE, IRC, ODIGO, REDIFF, GOOGLE TALK, and IM QQ. Change these settings as described here and click Save Settings to apply your changes, or click Cancel Changes to cancel your changes. Help information is displayed on the right-hand side of the screen, and click More for additional details.
Report This screen provides the network history status, including network traffic and attack counts, through diagram and tables. Report Diagram: Twenty-four hour diagram displays network traffic and attacks. Attacker Displays the IP Address of attackers and the frequency (number of times) of the attacks in a table. Attacked Category Displays the category (type) of attack and the frequency (number of times) of the attacks in a table. Click the View Log button to view the log.
Information Signature Version. The Signature Version displays the version of the signature patterns file loaded in the Wireless Router that protects against malicious threats. Last Time Upload. This displays when the signature patterns file in the Wireless Router were last updated. Protect Scope. Displays a list of the categories of attacks that the IPS feature in the Router protects against. Those includes Worm, DoS/DDoS, Buffer Overflow, Web Attack, Scan, Trojan Horse, and IM / P2P.
L2 Switch Tab The Layer 2 Switch Tab provides configurations to the layer 2 switching features on the four Ethernet LAN ports of the Wireless Router. They include VLAN, port configuration, cable diagnostics, and RADIUS authentication. VLAN Create VLAN VLANs are logical subgroups of a Local Area Network (LAN) created via software rather than defining a hardware solution. VLANs combine user stations and network devices into a single domain regardless of the physical LAN segment to which they are attached. VLANs allow network traffic to flow more efficiently within subgroups. VLANs managed through software reduce the amount of time in which network changes are implemented. VLANs have no minimum number of ports, and can be created per unit, per device, per stack, or any other logical connection combination, as VLANs are software based and not defined by physical attributes. VLANs function at layer 2. Since VLANs isolate traffic within the VLAN, a Layer 3 router is needed to allow traffic flow between VLANs. Layer 3 routers identify segments and coordinate with VLANs. VLANs are broadcast and multicast domains. Broadcast and multicast traffic is transmitted only in the VLAN in which the traffic is generated. This device supports up to 4 VLANs, including the default VLAN. VLAN ID The VLAN ID number. This can be any number from 2 to 3290, or from 3293 to 4094. (VLAN ID 1 is reserved for the default VLAN, which is used for untagged
frames received on the interface. VLAN IDs 3291-3292 are reserved and cannot be used.) To create a VLAN, enter the ID number and click Add VLAN. VLAN ID Range To create multiple VLANs with a range of ID numbers, enter the starting and ending ID numbers and click Add Range. Delete Selected VLAN To delete a VLAN, select it form the VLAN list and click Delete Selected VLAN.
VLAN & Port Assignment This Tab is a combination of Port settings and VLAN membership tabs in one on this device and other routers. The first section is port specific settings regarding the use of VLAN (nothing to do with individual VLANs). It requires users to specify the port mode for each port. The “acceptable frame type” and “PVID” options are for “General” port mode only Port Mode: select one of the three modes: • Access: all the frames are untagged coming in or going out of the switch port. Wireless port can be set to this mode only. • Trunk: all the frames are tagged coming in or going out of the switch except for VLAN ID 1 (called native VLAN or default VLAN in Cisco) Note: this cannot be supported on Vitesse 7385 switch chipset.
• General: all the frames can be tagged or untagged coming in to the switch. If it is untagged, default PVID will apply to the packet. Only the General mode users can choose the following two options. • Acceptable Ingress Frame Type: All Frames: all the incoming frames are acceptable Tagged Only: only tagged incoming frames are acceptable • Ingress Filtering: check the VLAN ID on the incoming packet. If the port is a member of this VLAN, accept the frame. Otherwise, drop it. If not enabled, all frames are accepted. • PVID: the VLAN ID of the default (untagged) VLAN The following diagram describes the packet flow on General mode. It first checks the filter on “acceptable frame type”, then check again on “ingress filtering” option. The second section is per VLAN settings to be used with each port. It requires users to specify each VLAN to be tagged, untagged, or excluded on the specific port. • VLAN: Select a VLAN ID to be configured • VLAN NAME: VLAN description (read-only) to help user identify this VLAN • Tagged: egress frames from this port is tagged for this VLAN • Untagged: egress frames from this port is untagged for this VLAN • Excluded: this port does not participate in this VLAN at all For Access port, the available options are either untagged or excluded. Therefore, wireless port can set to one of these two modes for each VLAN. Only one of the VLAN ID can be selected (untagged). For Trunk port, the options are tagged or excluded for all VLAN IDs except VLAN 1. VLAN 1 must be untagged. For General port, the options are tagged or untagged for PVID; tagged or excluded for all other VLAN IDs. The third section is a summary of VLAN subscriptions on each port. “U” means
untagged while “T” means tagged.
Radius RADIUS mode provides authentication on devices connecting to the LAN ports. It requires installation of a RADIUS server on your local network. Mode. Select Enabled or Disabled, as desired. RADIUS IP. Enter the RADIUS server IP address. RADIUS UDP Port. Identifies the UDP port. The UDP port is used to verify the RADIUS server authentication. RADIUS Secret. Indicates the Key string used for authenticating and encrypting all RADIUS communications between the Wireless Router and the RADIUS server. This key must match the RADIUS server’s configuration. Administration State. Specifies if each port needs RADIUS authentication. The defaults are Force Authorized so no authentication is needed. The possible field values are: • Auto. The controlled port state is set by the RADIUS Mode. • Force Authorized. The controlled port state is set to Force-Authorized (forward traffic). All connections can be made. • Force Unauthorized. The controlled port state is set to Force-Unauthorized (discard traffic). All connections are blocked. Change these settings as described here and click Save Settings to apply your changes, or click Cancel Changes to cancel your changes. Help information is displayed on the right-hand side of the screen, and click More for additional details.
Port Settings Port. Specifies the number of the four LAN ports. Link. Displays the port duplex mode (Full or Half) and speed (10/100/1000 Mbps). Full indicates that the interface supports transmission between the device and its link partner in both directions simultaneously. Half indicates that the interface supports transmission between the device and the client in only one direction at a time. Mode. Specifies port duplex mode (Full or Half) and speed (10/100/1000 Mbps). Auto Negotiation is a protocol between two link partners that enables a port to advertise its transmission rate, duplex mode and flow control abilities to its partner. Default is Auto. Flow Control. Configure the flow control setting on the port. Select to enable. The default is disabled. MaxFrame. Configure the maximum ethernet frame size sent or received on the port. Default is 1518. You can set only to a value lower than 1518. Change these settings as described here and click Save Settings to apply your changes, or click Cancel Changes to cancel your changes. Help information is displayed on the right-hand side of the screen, and click More for additional details.
Statistics Statistics Overview Tx Bytes Displays the number of Bytes transmitted from the selected port. Tx Frames Displays the number of Frames transmitted from the selected port. Rx Bytes Displays the number of Bytes received on the selected port. Rx Frames Displays the number of Frames received on the selected port. Tx Errors Displays the number of error packets transmitted from the selected port. Rx Errors Displays the number of error packets received from the selected port.
Port Mirroring Mirror Source Use this to enable or disable source port mirroring for each port on the Router. To enable source port mirroring on a port, check the box next to that port. To disable source port mirroring on a port, leave the box unchecked. The default is disabled. Mirror Port Select the mirror destination port from the drop-down menu.
RSTP The RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) protocol prevents loops in the network and dynamically reconfigures which physical links in a switch should forward frames. System Priority Enter the system priority from 0 to 61440 in increments of 4096. Valid values are 0, 4096, 8192, 12288, 16384, 20480, 24576, 28672, 32768, 40960, 45056, 49152, 53248, 57344, and 61440. The lower the system priority, the more likely the Router is to become the root in the Spanning Tree. The default is 327688. Hello Time Enter a number from 1 to 10. The default is 2. Max Age Enter a number from 6 to 40. The default is 20. Forward Delay Enter a number from 4 to 30. The default is 15. Force Version This is the default protocol version to use. Select Normal (use RSTP) or Compatible (compatible with old STP). The default is Normal. Protocol Enable Check this box to enable RSTP on the associated port. The default is unchecked (RSTP disabled). Edge Check this box to specify that the associated port is an edge port (end station). Uncheck the box to specify that the associated port is a link (bridge) to another STP device. The default is checked (edge port). Path Cost This is the RSTP path cost for the designated ports. Enter a number from 1 to 200000000, or auto (autogenerated path cost). The default is auto.
Status Tab The Status Tab provides current status on this Wireless Router including WAN, LAN, Wireless LAN, System Performance, VPN client connections, and IPsec VPN connections. WAN / Gateway This screen provides some basic information on the Wireless Router (e.g. firmware version, time) and WAN port MAC/IP address and connection status. Firmware Version. Displays the current firmware version. MAC Address. Displays the WAN port MAC Address, as seen by your ISP. Current Time. Displays the time on this Wireless Router according to your settings on the Setup->Time tab. Internet Connection Connection Mode. Displays the Internet connection type setting on WAN port. Interface. Displays the WAN port Interface status (Up or Down). IP Address. Displays the WAN port IP Address. Subnet Mask. Displays the WAN port IP subnetmask. Default Gateway. Displays the default Router to reach Internet or other networks from the WAN port. DNS. Displays the DNS (Domain Name System) IP addresses currently used by this Gateway. DHCP Release button. Click this button to release IP address on WAN port if using DHCP. DHCP Renew button. Click this button to renew IP address on the WAN port if using DHCP. IP Conntrack Click this button to display the IP Conntrack screen.
IP Conntrack The IP Conntrack (Connection Tracking) screen displays information about TCP/UDP connections, such as source and destination IP address and port number pairs (known as socket pairs), protocol types (TCP/UDP/ICMP), connection state and timeouts. To see more information, click Next Page or Previous Page, or select the page from the Goto Page drop-down menu. To see the latest information, click Refresh. Click Close to return to the Status > Gateway screen.
Local Network This screen provides some basic information on the LAN ports of this Wireless Router. Current IP address System. Displays the IP versions configured on the LAN side. MAC Address. Displays the LAN port MAC Address. All four LAN ports share the same MAC address. IP Address. Displays the LAN port IPv4 Address. All four LAN ports share the same MAC address. Subnet Mask. Displays the LAN port IPv4 subnet mask. IPv6 Address. Displays the LAN port IPv6 IP address, if IPv6 is enabled. DHCP Server. Displays the status of the Router's DHCP server. Start IP Address. Displays the beginning of the range of IP addresses used by the DHCP Server. End IP Address. Displays the end of the range of IP addresses used by the DHCP Server. DHCP Client Table button. Click this button to open the DHCP Client Table screen, which shows you which PCs have been assigned an IP address from the Wireless Router’s DHCP server. You will see a list of DHCP clients (PCs and other network devices) with the following information: Client Host Name, IP Address, MAC Address, and the length of time (in second) before its assigned IP address expires. ARP/RARP Table button. Click this button will open the ARP Table screen, which shows you the ARP Table on the Wireless Router. The ARP Table provides IP address to MAC address mapping. On the ARP Table screen, you will see a list of address mapping between IP (layer 3) and MAC (layer 2).
Wireless LAN This screen provides some basic information on the Wireless LAN of this Wireless Router. Wireless IP Address. The IP address assigned to the wireless interface of this router. MAC Address. Displays the MAC address on the Wireless LAN interface. Network Mode. Displays the Wireless network operating mode (e.g. B/G/N-Mixed). Wireless SSID. Displays the Wireless network name. Channel Bandwidth. Displays the wireless channel bandwidth setting. Wireless Channel. Displays the radio channel number used. Security. Displays the Wireless Security mode. SSID Broadcast. Displays the setting on SSID Broadcast.
System Performance This screen provides data packet statistics on the LAN switch and Wireless LAN of the Router. All LAN Ports / WLAN The All LAN Ports column shows the aggregate traffic statistics from all four LAN ports. Packets Received. This shows the number of packets received. Packets Sent. This shows the number of packets sent. Bytes Received. This shows the number of bytes received. Bytes Sent. This shows the number of bytes sent. Error Packets Received. This shows the number of error packets received. Dropped Packets Received. This shows the number of packets being dropped after they were received.
Appendix A: Troubleshooting This appendix provides solutions to problems that may occur during the installation and operation of the Router. Read the descriptions below to help solve your problems. If you can't find an answer here, check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com. Common Problems and Solutions 1. I need to set a static IP address on a PC. The Router, by default, assigns an IP address range of 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.149 using the DHCP server on the Router. To set a static IP address, you can only use the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.150 to 192.168.1.254. Each PC or network device that uses TCP/IP must have a unique address to identify itself in a network. If the IP address is not unique to a network, Windows will generate an IP conflict error message. You can assign a static IP address to a PC by performing the following steps: For Windows 98 and Millennium: A. Click Start, Setting, and Control Panel. Double-click Network. B. In The following network components are installed box, select the TCP/IP-> associated with your Ethernet adapter. If you only have one Ethernet adapter installed, you will only see one TCP/IP line with no association to an Ethernet adapter. Highlight it and click the Properties button. C. In the TCP/IP properties window, select the IP address tab, and select Specify an IP address. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254. Make sure that each IP address is unique for each PC or network device. D. Click the Gateway tab, and in the New Gateway prompt, enter 192.168.1.1, which is the default IP address of the Router. Click the Add button to accept the entry. E. Click the DNS tab, and make sure the DNS Enabled option is selected. Enter the Host and Domain names (e.g., John for Host and home for Domain). Enter the DNS entry provided by your ISP. If your ISP has not provided the DNS IP address, contact your ISP to get that information or go to its website for the information. F. Click the OK button in the TCP/IP properties window, and click Close or the OK button for the Network window. G. Restart the computer when asked. For Windows 2000: A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and Dial-Up Connections. B. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option. C. In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Select Use the following IP address option. D. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the
Router. You can only use an IP address in the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254. E. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0. F. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address). G. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find the information. H. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window. I. Restart the computer if asked. For Windows XP: The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions for Windows 2000. A. Click Start and Control Panel. B. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the Network Connections icon. C. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option. D. In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Click the Properties button. E. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the Router. You can only use an IP address in the ranges 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.99 and 192.168.1.151 to 192.168.1.254. F. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0. G. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address). H. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its website to find the information. I. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window. Click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window. 2. I want to test my Internet connection. A. Check your TCP/IP settings. For Windows 98 and Millennium: Refer to Windows Help for details. Make sure Obtain IP address automatically is selected in the settings. For Windows 2000: 1. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and Dial-Up Connections. 2. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option. 3. In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Make sure that Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address automatically are selected. 1. 4. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window. 2. 5. Restart the computer if asked. 3. 6. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window, and click the OK button in the Local Area Connection Properties window.
4. 7. Restart the computer if asked. For Windows XP: The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the default interface. If you are using the Classic interface (where the icons and menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the instructions for Windows 2000. 1. 1. Click Start and Control Panel. 2. 2. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the Network Connections icon. 3. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and select the Properties option. 4. In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and click the Properties button. Make sure that Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address automatically are selected. B. Open a command prompt. . • For Windows 98 and Millennium, click Start and Run. In the Open field, type command. Press the Enter key or click the OK button. . • For Windows 2000 and XP, click Start and Run. In the Open field, type cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button. C. In the command prompt, type ping 192.168.1.1 and press the Enter key. . • If you get a reply, the computer is communicating with the Router. . • If you do NOT get a reply, check the cable, and make sure Obtain an IP address automatically is selected in the TCP/IP settings for your Ethernet adapter. D. In the command prompt, type ping followed by your Internet IP address and press the Enter key. The Internet IP Address can be found in the web interface of the Router. For example, if your Internet IP address is 1.2.3.4, you would enter ping 1.2.3.4 and press the Enter key. . • If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Router. . • If you do NOT get a reply, try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem. E. In the command prompt, type ping www.linksys.com and press the Enter key. . • If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Internet. If you cannot open a webpage, try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem. . • If you do NOT get a reply, there may be a problem with the connection. Try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem. 3. I am not getting an IP address on the Internet with my Internet connection. A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that you have connectivity. B. If you need to register the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter with your ISP, please see “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.” If you need to clone the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter onto the Router, see the MAC Address Clone section of “Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router” for details. C. Make sure you are using the right Internet settings. Contact your ISP to see if your Internet connection type is DHCP, Static IP Address, or PPPoE (commonly used by DSL consumers). Please refer to the Basic Setup section of “Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router” for details on Internet Connection Type settings. D. Make sure you use the right cable. Check to see if the Internet LED is solidly lit.
E. Make sure the cable connecting from your cable or DSL modem is connected to the Router’s Internet port. Verify that the Status page of the Router’s Web-based Utility shows a valid IP address from your ISP. F. Turn off the computer, Router, and cable/DSL modem. Wait 30 seconds, and then turn on the Router, cable/DSL modem, and computer. Check the System Summary tab of the Router’s Web-based Utility to see if you get an IP address. 4. I am not able to access the Router’s Web-based Utility Setup page. A. Refer to “Problem #2, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that your computer is properly connected to the Router. B. Refer to “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter” to verify that your computer has an IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway, and DNS. C. Set a static IP address on your system; refer to “Problem #1: I need to set a static IP address.” D. Refer to “Problem #10: I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up pop-up window (for PPPoE users).” 5. I can’t get my Virtual Private Network (VPN) to work through the Router. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router, and go to the VPN => VPN Pass Through tab. Make sure you have IPsec passthrough and/or PPTP passthrough enabled. VPNs that use IPSec with the ESP (Encapsulation Security Payload known as protocol 50) authentication will work fine. At least one IPSec session will work through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be possible, depending on the specifics of your VPNs. VPNs that use IPSec and AH (Authentication Header known as protocol 51) are incompatible with the Router. AH has limitations due to occasional incompatibility with the NAT standard. Change the IP address for the Router to another subnet to avoid a conflict between the VPN IP address and your local IP address. For example, if your VPN server assigns an IP address 192.168.1.X (X is a number from 1 to 254) and your local LAN IP address is 192.168.1.X (X is the same number used in the VPN IP address), the Router will have difficulties routing information to the right location. If you change the Router’s IP address to 192.168.2.1, that should solve the problem. Change the Router’s IP address through the Basic Setup tab of the Web-based Utility. If you assigned a static IP address to any computer or network device on the network, you need to change its IP address accordingly to 192.168.2.Y (Y being any number from 1 to 254). Note that each IP address must be unique within the network. Your VPN may require port 500/UDP packets to be passed to the computer that is connecting to the IPSec server. Refer to “Problem #7, I need to set up online game hosting or use other Internet applications” for details. Check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com for more information. 6. I need to set up a server behind my Router. To use a server like a web, ftp, or mail server, you need to know the respective port numbers they are using. For example, port 80 (HTTP) is used for web; port 21 (FTP) is used for FTP, and port 25 (SMTP outgoing) and port 110 (POP3 incoming) are used for the mail server. You can get more information by viewing the A. Access the Router’s Web-based Utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. Go to the Firewall => Single Port Forwarding tab.
B. Enable one of the pre-defined applications in the Table or you can add or modify existing entries for your application. C. Enter the IP Address of the server that you want the Internet users to access. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting an IP address. Then check the Enable checkbox for the entry. Consider the examples below: Application Start and End Protocol IP Address Enable Web server 80 to 80 Both 192.168.1.100 X FTP server 21 to 21 TCP 192.168.1.101 X SMTP (outgoing) 25 to 25 Both 192.168.1.102 X POP3 (incoming) 110 to 110 Both 192.168.1.102 X When you have completed the configuration, click the Save Settings button. 7. I need to set up online game hosting or use other Internet applications. If you want to play online games or use Internet applications, most will work without doing any port forwarding or DMZ hosting. There may be cases when you want to host an online game or Internet application. This would require you to set up the Router to deliver incoming packets or data to a specific computer. This also applies to the Internet applications you are using. The best way to get the information on what port services to use is to go to the website of the online game or application you want to use. Follow these steps to set up online game hosting or use a certain Internet application: A. Access the Router’s Web-based Utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. Go to the Firewall => Port Range Forwarding tab. B. Enter the Service Application Name, Range of Port used by this Application, and Layer 4 Protocol used by this Application to the Table. C. Enter the IP Address of the server that you want the Internet users to access. For example, if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field provided. Check Application Start and End Protocol IP Address Enabled UT 7777 to 27900 Both 192.168.1.100 X Halflife 27015 to 27015 Both 192.168.1.105 X PC Anywhere 5631 to 5631 UDP 192.168.1.102 X VPN IPSEC 500 to 500 UDP 192.168.1.100 X D. Configure as many entries as you like. When you have completed the configuration, click the Save Settings button.
8. I can’t get the Internet game, server, or application to work. If you are having difficulties getting any Internet game, server, or application to function properly, consider exposing one PC to the Internet using DeMilitarized Zone (DMZ) hosting. This option is available when an application requires too many ports or when you are not sure which port services to use. Make sure you disable all the forwarding entries if you want to successfully use DMZ hosting, since forwarding has priority over DMZ hosting. (In other words, data that enters the Router will be checked first by the forwarding settings. If the port number that the data enters from does not have port forwarding, then the Router will send the data to whichever PC or network device you set for DMZ hosting.) Follow these steps to set DMZ hosting: A. Access the Router’s Web-based Utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. Go to the Firewall => Single Port Forwarding tab. B. Disable or remove the entries you have entered for forwarding. Keep this information in case you want to use it at a later time. C. Go to the Setup => DMZ tab. D. Enter the Ethernet adapter’s IP address of the computer you want exposed to the Internet. This will bypass the NAT security for that computer. Please refer to “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting an IP address. Once completed with the configuration, click the Save Settings button. 9. I forgot my password, or the password prompt always appears when saving settings to the Router. Reset the Router to factory defaults by pressing the Reset button for ten seconds and then releasing it. If you are still getting prompted for a password when saving settings, then perform the following steps: A. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. Enter the default password admin, and click the Administration => Management tab. B. Enter the old password in the Old Password field. C. Enter a different password in the New Password field, and enter the new password in the Confirm New Password field to confirm the password. D. Click the Save Settings button. 10. I am a PPPoE user, and I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up pop-up window. If you have proxy settings, you need to disable these on your computer. Because the Router is the gateway for the Internet connection, the computer does not need any proxy settings to gain access. Please follow these directions to verify that you do not have any proxy settings and that the browser you use is set to connect directly to the LAN.
For Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher: A. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Internet Options. B. Click the Connections tab. C. Click the LAN settings button and remove anything that is checked. D. Click the OK button to go back to the previous screen. E. Click the option Never dial a connection. This will remove any dial-up pop-ups for PPPoE users. For Netscape 4.7 or higher: A. Start Netscape Navigator, and click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxies. B. Make sure you have Direct connection to the Internet selected on this screen. C. Close all the windows to finish. 11. To start over, I need to set the Router to factory default. Hold the Reset button for up to 30 seconds and then release it. This will return the password, forwarding, and other settings on the Router to the factory default settings. In other words, the Router will revert to its original factory configuration. 12. I need to upgrade the firmware. In order to upgrade the firmware with the latest features, you need to go to the Linksys website and download the latest firmware at www.linksys.com. Follow these steps: A. Go to the Linksys website at http://www.linksys.com and download the latest firmware. Select the Router from the pull-down menu and choose the firmware from the options. B. Extract the firmware file on your computer. C. To upgrade the firmware, follow the steps in the Upgrade section found in “Chapter 6: Setting Up and Configuring the Router”. 13. The firmware upgrade failed. The upgrade could have failed for a number of reasons. Follow these steps to upgrade the firmware: A. Use the Linksys TFTP program to upgrade the firmware. Go to the Linksys website at http://www.linksys.com and download the TFTP program, which will be listed with the firmware. B. Set a static IP address on the PC; refer to “Problem #1, I need to set a static IP address.” Use the following IP address settings for the computer you are using: IP Address: 192.168.1.50 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Gateway: 192.168.1.1 C. Perform the upgrade using the TFTP utility. If the firmware upgrade failed, the Router will still work using its current firmware. 14. My DSL service’s PPPoE is always disconnecting. PPPoE is not actually a dedicated or always-on connection. The DSL ISP can disconnect the service after a period of inactivity, just like a normal phone dial-up connection to the Internet. There is a setup option to “keep alive” the connection. This may not always work, so you may need to re-establish connection periodically. A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of
the Router. B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.) C. On the Setup => WAN tab, select the option Keep Alive, and set the Redial Period option at 20 (seconds). D. Click the Save Settings button. If the connection is lost again, follow steps E and F to re-establish connection. 15. I can't access my email, web, or VPN, or I am getting corrupted data from the Internet. The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) setting may need to be adjusted. By default, the MTU is set at 1500. For most DSL users, it is strongly recommended to use MTU 1492. If you are having some difficulties, perform the following steps: A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.) C. Go to Setup => WAN tab. D. Look for the MTU option, and select Enable. In the Size field, enter 1492. E. Click the Save Settings button to continue. If your difficulties continue, change the Size to different values. Try this list of values, one value at a time, in this order, until your problem is solved: 1462 1400 1362 1300 16. I need to use port triggering. Port triggering looks at the outgoing port services used and will trigger the Router to open a specific incoming port, depending on which port an Internet application uses. Follow these steps: A. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. B. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.) C. Click the Firewall => Port Range Triggering tab. D. Enter any name you want to use for the Application Name. E. Enter the Start and End Ports of the Triggered Port Range. Check with your Internet application provider for more information on which outgoing port services it is using. F. Enter the Start and End Ports of the Forwarded Port Range. Check with your Internet application provider for more information on which incoming port services are required by the Internet application. Once completed with the configuration, click the Save Settings button. 17. When I enter a URL or IP address, I get a time-out error or am prompted to retry. . • Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your workstation’s IP settings are correct (IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS). Restart the computer that is having a problem. . • If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the Router. Ensure that it is connected and powered on. Connect to it and check its settings. (If you cannot connect to it, check the LAN and power connections.) . • If the Router is configured correctly, check your Internet connection (DSL/cable modem, etc.) to see if it is working correctly. You can remove the Router to verify a direct connection. . • Manually configure the TCP/IP with a DNS address provided by your ISP. . • Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the Internet.
18. I’m trying to access the Router’s Web-based Utility, but I do not see the login screen. Instead, I see a screen saying, “404 Forbidden.” If you are using Windows Explorer, perform the following steps until you see the Web-based Utility’s login screen (Netscape Navigator will require similar steps): A. Click File. Make sure Work Offline is NOT checked. B. Press CTRL + F5. This is a hard refresh, which will force Windows Explorer to load new webpages, not cached ones. C. Click Tools. Click Internet Options. Click the Security tab. Click the Default level button. Make sure the security level is Medium or lower. Then click the OK button. Frequently Asked Questions What is the maximum number of IP addresses that the Router will support? The Router will support up to 253 IP addresses if the subnetmask is set to 255.255.255.0. Is IPSec Passthrough supported by the Router? Yes, enable or disable IPSec Passthrough on the VPN => VPN Pass Through tab. Where is the Router installed on the network? In a typical environment, the Router is installed between the cable/DSL modem and the LAN. Plug the Router into the cable/DSL modem’s Ethernet port. Does the Router support IPX or AppleTalk? No. TCP/IP is the only protocol standard for the Internet and has become the global standard for communications. IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used only to route messages from one node to another, and AppleTalk, a communications protocol used on Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used for LAN to LAN connections, but those protocols cannot connect from the Internet to the LAN. What is Network Address Translation and what is it used for? Network Address Translation (NAT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private LAN to one public address that is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of security since the address of a PC connected to the private LAN is never transmitted on the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Router to be used with low cost Internet accounts, such as DSL or cable modems, when only one TCP/IP address is provided by the ISP. The user may have many private addresses behind this single address provided by the ISP. Does the Router support any operating system other than Windows 98, Millennium, 2000, or XP? Yes, but Linksys does not, at this time, provide technical support for setup, configuration or troubleshooting of any non-Windows operating systems. I set up an Unreal Tournament Server, but others on the LAN cannot join. What do I need to do? If you have a dedicated Unreal Tournament server running, you need to create a static IP for each of the LAN computers and forward ports 7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. You can also use a port forwarding range of 7777 to 27900. If you want to use the UT Server Admin, forward another port (8080 usually works well but is used for remote admin. You may have to disable this.), and then in the [UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file, set the ListenPort to 8080 (to match the
mapped port above) and ServerName to the IP assigned to the Router from your ISP. Can multiple gamers on the LAN get on one game server and play simultaneously with just one public IP address? It depends on which network game or what kind of game server you are using. For example, Unreal Tournament supports multi-login with one public IP. How do I get Half-Life: Team Fortress to work with the Router? The default client port for Half-Life is 27005. The computers on your LAN need to have “+clientport 2700x” added to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be 6, 7, 8, and on up. This lets multiple computers connect to the same server. One problem: Version 1.0.1.6 won’t let multiple computers with the same CD key connect at the same time, even if on the same LAN (not a problem with 1.0.1.3). As far as hosting games, the HL server does not need to be in the DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP address of the server computer. How can I block corrupted FTP downloads? If you are experiencing corrupted files when you download a file with your FTP client, try using another FTP program. The web page hangs; downloads are corrupt, or nothing but junk characters are being displayed on the screen. What do I need to do? Force your Ethernet adapter to 10Mbps or half duplex mode, and turn off the “Auto-negotiate” feature of your Ethernet adapter as a temporary measure. (Please look at the Network Control Panel in your Ethernet adapter’s If all else fails in the installation, what can I do? Reset the Router by holding down the Reset button for ten seconds. Reset your cable or DSL modem by powering the unit off and then on. Obtain and flash the latest firmware release that is readily available on the Linksys website, www.linksys.com. How can I be notified of new Router firmware upgrades? All Linksys firmware upgrades are posted on the Linksys website at www.linksys.com, where they can be downloaded for free. The Router’s firmware can be upgraded using the Web-based Utility. If the Router’s Internet connection is working well, there is no need to download a newer firmware version, unless that version contains new features that you would like to use. Downloading a more current version of Router firmware will not enhance the quality or speed of your Internet connection, and may disrupt your current connection stability. Will the Router function in a Macintosh environment? Yes, but the Router’s setup pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer 5.0 or Netscape Navigator 5.0 or higher for Macintosh. I am not able to get the web configuration screen for the Router. What can I do? You may have to remove the proxy settings on your Internet browser, e.g., Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer. Or remove the dial-up settings on your browser. Check with your browser documentation, and make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the Internet. What is DMZ Hosting? Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (computer) to be exposed to the Internet. Some applications require multiple TCP/IP ports to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with
a static IP if you want to use DMZ Hosting. To get the LAN IP address, see “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.” If DMZ Hosting is used, does the exposed user share the public IP with the Router? No. Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions? The Router allows PPTP packets to pass through. Is the Router cross-platform compatible? Any platform that supports Ethernet and TCP/IP is compatible with the Router. How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded? Theoretically, the Router can establish 4,000 sessions at the same time, but you can only forward 30 ranges of ports. Does the Router replace a modem? Is there a cable or DSL modem in the Router? No, this version of the Router must work in conjunction with a cable or DSL modem. Which modems are compatible with the Router? The Router is compatible with virtually any cable or DSL modem that supports Ethernet. What is the maximum number of VPN sessions allowed by the Router? The maximum number depends on many factors. At least one IPSec session will work through the Router; however, simultaneous IPSec sessions may be possible, depending on the specifics of your VPNs. How can I check whether I have static or DHCP IP addresses? Ask your ISP to find out. How do I get mIRC to work with the Router? Under the Firewall => Single Port Forwarding tab, set port forwarding to 113 for the PC on which you are using mIRC. If your questions are not addressed here, refer to the Linksys website, www.linksys.com.
Appendix B: Using the Linksys QuickVPN Software for Windows 2000 or XP Overview The Linksys Wireless-N Gigabit Security Router with VPN offers a free QuickVPN software program for computers vpn (virtual private network): a security running Windows 2000 or XP. (Computers running other operating systems will have to use a third-party VPN measure to protect data as it leaves one software program.) This guide describes how to install and use the Linksys QuickVPN software. network and goes to another over the Internet. Before You Begin software: instructions for the computer. The QuickVPN software program only works with a 4-Port Gigabit Security Router with VPN that is properly configured to accept a QuickVPN connection. Follow these instructions for configuring the VPN client settings for the Router: 1. Click the VPN tab. 2. Click the VPN Client Accounts tab. 1. 3. Enter the username in the Username field. 2. 4. Enter the password in the Password field, and enter it again in the Re-enter to confirm field. 3. 5. Click the Add/Save button. 4. 6. Click the Active checkbox for VPN Client No. 1. Click the Save Settings button. Figure B-1: VPN Client Accounts Screen
Installing from the CD-ROM 1. Click Install QuickVPN and follow the on-screen instructions. Downloading and Installing from the Internet 1. Go to www.linksys.com and select Products. 1. 2. Click Business Solutions. 2. 3. Click Router/VPN Solutions. 3. 4. Click RVS4000. 1. 5. Click Linksys QuickVPN Utility in the More Information section. 2. 6. Save the zip file to your PC, and extract the .exe file. 3. 7. Double-click the .exe file, and follow the on-screen instructions. Then proceed to the next
section, “Using the Linksys QuickVPN Software.” NOTE: You can change your password only if you have been granted that privilege by your system administrator. Figure B-2: QuickVPN Figure B-3: QuickVPN Tray Desktop Icon Icon - No Connection 1. 1. Double-click the Linksys QuickVPN software icon on your desktop or in the system tray. 2. 2. The login screen will appear. Enter a name for your profile. Then enter the User Name and Password you have been assigned. In the Server Address field, enter the IP address or domain name of the Wireless-G VPN Router with RangeBooster. To save this profile, click the Save button. Multiple profiles can be set up if you want to establish a tunnel to multiple sites. Note that only one tunnel can be active at a time. To delete this profile, click the Delete button. For information, click the Help button. 3. To begin your QuickVPN connection, click the Connect button and the Connecting, Activating Policy, and Verifying Network screens appear.
Figure B-6: Activating Policy Figure B-7: Verifying Network 4. When your QuickVPN connection is established, the status screen will appear, and the QuickVPN tray icon will turn green. It will display the IP address of the remote end of the VPN tunnel, the time and date the VPN tunnel began, and the total length of time the VPN tunnel has been active. To terminate the VPN tunnel, click the Disconnect button. If you want to change your password, click the Change Password button. For information, click the Help button. 2. 5. If you clicked the Change Password button and have permission to change your own password, you will see the Connect Virtual Private Connection screen. Enter your password in the Old Password field. Enter your new password in the New Password field. Then enter the new password again in the Confirm New Password field. Click the OK button to save your new password. Click the Cancel button to cancel your change. For information, click the Help button.
Appendix C: Configuring a Gateway-to-Gateway IPSec Tunnel Overview This appendix explains how to configure an IPSec VPN tunnel between two VPN Routers by example. Two PCs are used to test the liveliness of the tunnel. You can think of the VPN Router1, Internet, VPN Router2 as a big virtual router that connects PC1 on LAN1 and PC2 on LAN2. Before You Begin The following is a list of equipment you need: . • Two Windows desktop PCs (each PC will be connected to a VPN Router) . • Two VPN Routers that are both connected to the Internet Configuring VPN Router 1 Follow these instructions for the first VPN Router, designated VPN Router 1. The other VPN Router is designated VPN Router 2. 1. 1. Launch the web browser for a networked PC, designated PC 1. 2. 2. Enter the VPN Router’s local IP address in the Address field (default is 192.168.1.1). Then press Enter. 3. 3. A password request page will appear. (Non-Windows XP users will see a similar screen.) Complete the User Name and Password fields (admin is the default user name and password). Then click
the OK button. 4. 4. Click the VPN tab. 5. 5. Click the IPSec VPN tab. 6. 6. For the VPN Tunnel setting, select Enabled. 7. 7. Enter a name in the Tunnel Name field. 8. 8. For the Local Secure Group, select Subnet. Enter VPN Router 1’s local network settings in the IP Address and Mask fields. 9. 9. For the Remote Secure Group, select Subnet. Enter VPN Router 2’s local network settings in the IP Address and Mask fields. Note that the subnet of Router 2 must be different than the subnet of Router 1. 10. 10. For the Remote Secure Gateway, select IP Addr. Enter VPN Router 2’s WAN IP address in the IP Address field. 11. 11. Click the Save Settings button.
1. 1. Launch the web browser for a networked PC, designated PC 2. 2. 2. Enter the VPN Router’s local IP address in the Address field (default is 192.168.1.1). Then press Enter. 3. 3. A password request page will appear. (Non-Windows XP users will see a similar screen.) Complete the User Name and Password fields (admin is the default user name and password). Then click the OK button. 4. 4. If the LAN IP address is still the default one, change it to 172.168.1.1 and save the setting. 5. 5. Click the VPN tab. 6. 6. Click the IPSec VPN tab. 7. 7. For the VPN Tunnel setting, select Enabled. 8. 8. Enter a name in the Tunnel Name field. 9. 9. For the Local Secure Group, select Subnet. Enter VPN Router 2’s local network settings in the IP Address and Mask fields. 10. 10. For the Remote Secure Group, select Subnet. Enter VPN Router 1’s local network settings in the IP Address and Mask fields. 11. 11. For the Remote Secure Gateway, select IP Addr. Enter VPN Router 1’s WAN IP address in the IP Address field. 12. 12. Click the Save Settings button. Configuring VPN Router 1 Following these instructions for VPN Router 1. 1. 1. On the IPSec VPN screen, select 3DES from the Encryption drop-down menu. 2. 2. Select MD5 from the Authentication drop-down menu.
3. 3. Keep the default Key Exchange Method, Auto(IKE). 4. 4. Select Pre-Shared Key, and enter a string for this key., e.g. 13572468. 5. 5. For the PFS setting, select Enabled. 6. 6. If you need more detailed settings, click the Advanced Settings button. Otherwise, click the Save Settings button and proceed to the next section, “Configuring VPN Router 2.” 7. 7. On the Advanced VPN Tunnel Setup screen, keep the default Operation Mode, Main. 8. 8. For Phase 1, select 3DES from the Encryption drop-down menu. 9. 9. Select MD5 from the Authentication drop-down menu. 10. 10. Select 1024-bit from the Group drop-down menu. 11. Enter 3600 in the Key Life Time field. Figure C-4: Advanced IPsec VPN Tunnel Settings 1. 12. For Phase 2, the Encryption, Authentication, and PFS settings were set on the VPN screen. Select 1024-bit from the Group drop-down menu. 2. 13. Keep the default Key Life Time value, 28800. 3. 14. Click the Save Settings button on the Advanced VPN Tunnel Setup screen. 4. 15. Click the Save Settings button on the IPSec VPN screen. Configuring PC 1 and PC 2 1. 1. Set PC 1 and PC 2 to be DHCP clients (refer to Windows Help for more information). 2. 2. Verify that PC 1 and PC 2 can ping each other (refer to Windows Help for more information). If the computers can ping each other, then you know the VPN tunnel is configured correctly. You can select different algorithms for the encryption, authentication, and other key management settings for VPN Routers 1 and 2. Refer to the previous section, “Configuring the Key Management Settings,” for details. Congratulations! You have successfully configured a VPN tunnel between two VPN Routers.
Appendix D: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter This section describes how to find the MAC address for your computer’s Ethernet adapter so you can use the MAC address cloning feature of the Router. You can also find the IP address of your computer’s Ethernet adapter. This IP address is used for the Router’s filtering, forwarding, and/or DMZ features. Follow the steps in this appendix to find the adapter’s MAC or IP address in Windows 98, Me, 2000, or XP. Windows 98 or Me Instructions 1. 1. Click Start and Run. In the Open field, enter winipcfg. Then press the Enter key or the OK button. 2. 2. When the IP Configuration screen appears, select the Ethernet adapter you have connected to the Router via a CAT 5 Ethernet network cable. See Figure D-1. 3. 3. Write down the Adapter Address as shown on your computer screen (see Figure D-2). This is the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter and is shown as a series of numbers and letters. The MAC address/Adapter Address is what you will use for MAC address cloning or MAC The example in Figure D-2 shows the Ethernet adapter’s IP address as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different. NOTE: The MAC address is also called the Adapter Address.
Windows 2000 or XP Instructions 1. 1. Click Start and Run. In the Open field, enter cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button. 2. 2. At the command prompt, enter ipconfig /all. Then press the Enter key. 3. 3. Write down the Physical Address as shown on your computer screen (Figure D-3); it is the MAC address for your Ethernet adapter. This appears as a series of numbers and letters. The MAC address/Physical Address is what you will use for MAC address cloning or MAC filtering. NOTE: The MAC address is also called the Physical Address. The example in Figure D-3 shows the Ethernet adapter’s IP address as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may show something different. For the Router’s Web-based Utility For MAC address cloning, enter the MAC Address in the MAC Address field or select Clone My PCs MAC. See Figure D-4. Click Save Settings to save the MAC Cloning settings or click the Cancel Changes button to undo your
changes.
Appendix E: Trend Micro ProtectLink Gateway Service Overview The optional Trend Micro ProtectLink Gateway service provides security for your network. It checks e-mail messages, filters website addresses (URLs), and blocks potentially malicious websites. (To purchase a license for this service, contact your Linksys reseller.) This appendix explains how to use this service. How to Access the Web-Based Utility 1. For local access of the Router’s web-based utility, launch your web browser, and enter the Router’s default IP address, 192.168.1.1, in the Address field. Press the Enter key. NOTE: If the Remote Management feature on the Firewall > General screen has been enabled, then users with administrative privileges can remotely access the web-based utility. Use http://<WAN IP address of the Router>, or use https://<WAN IP address of the Router> if you have enabled the HTTPS feature. 2. A login screen prompts you for your User name and Password. Enter admin in the User name field, and enter admin in the Password field. (You can change the Password on the Setup > Password screen.) Then click OK.
How to Purchase, Register, or Activate the Service You can purchase, register, or activate the service using the System Summary or ProtectLink screen. System Summary System Summary (ProtectLink Available) Follow the instructions for the appropriate option: • Go buy • Register • Activate Trend Micro ProtectLink Gateway NOTE: If the Trend Micro ProtectLink Gateway options are not displayed on the System Summary screen, upgrade the Router’s firmware. Refer to “Appendix F: Firmware Upgrade” for instructions. Go buy To purchase a license to use this service, click Go buy. You will be redirected to a list of Linksys resellers on the Linksys website. Then follow the on-screen instructions. Register If you already have a license, click Register. You will be redirected to the Trend Micro ProtectLink Gateway website. Then follow the on-screen instructions. NOTE: To have your e-mail checked, you will need to provide the domain name and IP address of your e-mail server. If you do not know this information, contact your ISP.
Activate If you have registered, click Activate. A wizard begins. Follow the on-screen instructions. When the wizard is complete, the System Summary screen will indicate that the service has been activated. System Summary (ProtectLink Activated) ProtectLink Click the ProtectLink tab to display this screen. NOTE: If the ProtectLink tab is not displayed, upgrade the Router’s firmware. Refer to “Appendix F: Firmware Upgrade” for instructions.
ProtectLink Follow the instructions for the appropriate option: • I want to buy Trend Micro ProtectLink. • I want to register online. • I want to activate Trend Micro ProtectLink. I want to buy Trend M cro ProtectLink Gateway. To purchase a license to use this service, click this link. You will be redirected to a list of Linksys resellers on the Linksys website. Then follow the on-screen instructions. I have purchased ProtectLink Gateway and want to register it. If you already have a license, click this link. You will be redirected to the Trend Micro ProtectLink Gateway website. Then follow the on-screen instructions. NOTE: To have your e-mail checked, you will need to provide the domain name and IP address of your e-mail server. If you do not know this information, contact your ISP. I have my Act vat on Code (AC) and want to activate ProtectLink Gateway. If you have registered, click this link. A wizard begins. Follow the on-screen instructions. When the wizard is complete, the Web Protection, Email Protection, and License tabs will appear. NOTE: If you replace the Router with a new router that supports this service, click I have my Act vat on Code (AC) and want to activate ProtectLink Gateway. Then use your current activation code to transfer your license for the ProtectLiink service to the new router. How to Use the Service Configure the service to protect your network.
ProtectLink > Web Protection The Web Protection features are provided by the Router. Configure the website filtering settings on this screen. ProtectLink>Web Protection Web Protection Enable URL Filtering To filter website addresses (URLs), select this option. Enable Web Reputat on To block potentially malicious websites, select this option.
URL Filtering Reset Counter The Router counts the number of attempted visits to a restricted URL. To reset the counter to zero, click Reset Counter. For each URL category, select the appropriate Filtering option. If you want to filter a sub-category, click + to view the sub-categories for each category. Then select the appropriate Filtering option: Bus ness Hours To filter this URL category during the business hours you have specified, select this option. Le sure Hours To filter this URL category during non-business hours, select this option. Instances Blocked The number of attempted visits is displayed. Business Hour Setting Business Days Select the appropriate days. The default days are Mon. through Fr. Business Times To specify entire days, keep the default, All day ( 4 hours). To specify hours, select Specify business hours. For morning hours, select Morning, and then select the appropriate From and To times. For afternoon hours, select Afternoon, and then select the appropriate From and To times. Web Reputation Select the appropriate security level: High This level blocks a higher number of potentially malicious websites but also increases the risk of false positives. (A false positive is a website that can be trusted but seems potentially malicious.) Medium This level blocks most potentially malicious websites and does not create too many false positives. The default is Medium and is the recommended setting. Low This level blocks fewer potentially malicious websites and reduces the risk of false positives. Approved URLs You can designate up to 20 trusted URLs that will always be accessible. Enable Approved URL list To set up a list of always accessible URLs, select this option. URL(s) to approve Enter the trusted URL(s). Separate multiple URLs with semicolons (“;”). Add To add the URLs, click Add. Approved URLs list The trusted URLs are displayed. To delete a URL, click its trash can icon.
Approved Clients You can designate up to 20 trusted clients (local IP addresses) that will always have access to filtered URLs. Enable Approved Client list To set up a list of trusted clients, select this option. IP addresses/range Enter the appropriate IP addresses or ranges. Separate multiple URLs with semicolons (“;”). For a range of IP addresses, use a hyphen (“-”). Example: 10.1.1.0-10.1.1.10. Add To add the IP addresses or ranges, click Add. Approved Clients list The IP addresses or range of trusted clients are displayed. To delete an IP address or range, click its trash can icon. URL Overflow Control Specify the behavior you want if there are more URL requests than the service can handle. Temporarily block URL requests (This is the recommended setting) If there are too many URL requests, the overflow will be held back until they can be processed. This is the default setting. Temporarily bypass Trend Micro URL verification for requested URLs If there are too many URL requests, the overflow will be allowed without verification. Click Save Settings to save your changes, or click Cancel Changes to undo them. ProtectLink > Email Protection The Email Protection features are provided by an online service called IMHS, which stands for InterScan™ Messaging Hosted Security. It checks your e-mail messages so spam, viruses, and inappropriate content are filtered out. After you have configured the IMHS settings, your email messages will be checked online before appropriate messages are forwarded to your network. ProtectLink>Email Protection Email Protection NOTE: To have your e-mail checked, you will need to provide the domain name and IP address of your e-mail server. If you do not know this information, contact your ISP. https://us. mhs.trendmicro.com/linksys To set up e-mail protection, click this link. You
will be redirected to the Trend Micro ProtectLink Gateway website. Then follow the on-screen instructions. ProtectLink > License The license for the Trend Micro ProtectLink Gateway service (Email Protection and Web Protection) is valid for one year from the time the activation code for Web Protection is generated. If you do not provide the necessary information to activate Email Protection during registration, please provide that information as soon as possible because Email Protection and Web Protection will expire at the same time. NOTE: For example, if you provide the information needed for Email Protection one month after receiving the activation code for Web Protection, then you will receive only 11 months of Email Protection. On the License screen, license information is displayed. Use this screen to renew your license, add seats, or view license information online. ProtectLink>License License Update Information To refresh the license information displayed on-screen, click Update Information. License Information View detailed license online To view license information online, click this link. Status The status of your license, Activated or Expired, is displayed. Platform The platform type, Gateway Service, is automatically displayed. License expires on The date and time your license expires are displayed. Renew To renew your license, click Renew. Then follow the on-screen instructions.
Add Seats Each seat allows an e-mail account to use Email Protection. To add seats to your license, click Add Seats. Then follow the on-screen instructions.
Appendix F: Glossary Adapter - A device that adds network functionality to your PC. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) - A security method that uses symmetric 128-bit block data encryption. Backbone - The part of a network that connects most of the systems and networks together, and handles the most data. Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given device or network. Beacon Interval - Data transmitted on your wireless network that keeps the network synchronized. Bit - A binary digit. Boot - To start a device and cause it to start executing instructions. Bridge - A device that connects different networks. Broadband - An always-on, fast Internet connection. Browser - An application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the World Wide Web. Buffer - A shared or assigned memory area that is used to support and coordinate different computing and networking activities so one isn't held up by the other. Byte - A unit of data that is usually eight bits long Cable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the
Internet. CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) - A method of data transfer that is used to prevent data collisions. Daisy Chain - A method used to connect devices in a series, one after the other. Database - A collection of data that is organized so that its contents can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. Default Gateway - A device that forwards Internet traffic from your local area network. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A networking protocol that allows administrators to assign temporary IP addresses to network computers by “leasing” an IP address to a user for a limited amount of time, instead of assigning permanent IP addresses. DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) - Removes the Router's firewall protection from one PC, allowing it to be “seen” from the Internet. DNS (Domain Name Server) - The IP address of your ISP's server, which translates the names of websites into IP addresses. Domain - A specific name for a network of computers. Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) - An always-on broadband connection over traditional phone lines. Dynamic IP Address - A temporary IP address assigned by a DHCP server. EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A general authentication protocol used to control network access.
Many specific authentication methods work within this framework. EAP-PEAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol-Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A mutual authentication method that uses a combination of digital certificates and another system, such as passwords. EAP-TLS (Extensible Authentication Protocol-Transport Layer Security) - A mutual authentication method that uses digital certificates. Encryption - Encoding data transmitted in a network. Ethernet - A networking protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common transmission medium. Finger - A program that tells you the name associated with an e-mail address. Firewall - A set of related programs located at a network gateway server that protects the resources of a network from users from other networks. Firmware - The programming code that runs a networking device. Fragmentation -Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over a network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network. Full Duplex - The ability of a networking device to receive and transmit data simultaneously. Gateway - A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible communications protocols. Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a
time. Hardware - The physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other information technology devices. HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World Wide Web. Infrastructure - A wireless network that is bridged to a wired network via an access point. IP (Internet Protocol) - A protocol used to send data over a network. IP Address - The address used to identify a computer or device on a network. IPCONFIG - A Windows 2000 and XP utility that displays the IP address for a particular networking device. IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) - A VPN protocol used to implement secure exchange of packets at the IP layer. ISP (Internet Service Provider) - A company that provides access to the Internet. LAN - The computers and networking products that make up your local network. LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A mutual authentication method that uses a username and password system. MAC (Media Access Control) Address - The unique address that a manufacturer assigns to each networking device. Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; a unit of measurement for data transmission. mIRC - An Internet Relay Chat program that runs under Windows.
NAT (Network Address Translation) - NAT technology translates IP addresses of a local area network to a different IP address for the Internet. Network - A series of computers or devices connected for the purpose of data sharing, storage, and/or transmission between users. NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol) - The protocol used to connect to Usenet groups on the Internet. Node - A network junction or connection point, typically a computer or work station. Packet - A unit of data sent over a network. Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online. POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) - A standard mail server commonly used on the Internet. Port - The connection point on a computer or networking device used for plugging in cables or adapters. Power over Ethernet (PoE) - A technology enabling an Ethernet network cable to deliver both data and power. PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - A type of broadband connection that provides authentication (username and password) in addition to data transport. PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A VPN protocol that allows the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be tunneled through an IP network. This protocol is also used as a type of broadband connection in Europe. RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) - A protocol that uses an authentication server to control network access. RJ-45 (Registered Jack-45) - An Ethernet connector that holds up to eight wires. Router - A networking device that connects multiple networks together. RTS (Request To Send) - A networking method of coordinating large packets through the RTS Threshold setting.
Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access to files, printing, communications, and other services. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - The standard e-mail protocol on the Internet. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network monitoring and control protocol. SOHO (Small Office/Home Office) - Market segment of professionals who work at home or in small offices. SPI (Stateful Packet Inspection) Firewall - A technology that inspects incoming packets of information before allowing them to enter the network. Static IP Address - A fixed address assigned to a computer or device that is connected to a network. Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path. Subnet Mask - An address code that determines the size of the network. Switch - 1. A data switch that connects computing devices to host computers, allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical circuit. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A network protocol for transmitting data that requires acknowledgement from the recipient of data sent. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - A set of
instructions PCs use to communicate over a network. Telnet - A user command and TCP/IP protocol used for accessing remote PCs. TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol that has no directory or password capability. Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one node to another in a given time period. Topology - The physical layout of a network. TX Rate - Transmission Rate. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - A network protocol for transmitting data that does not require acknowledgement from the recipient of the data that is sent. Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version. Upload - To transmit a file over a network.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address of a file located on the Internet. Appendix E: Glossary 114 VPN (Virtual Private Network) - A security measure to protect data as it leaves one network and goes to another over the Internet. WAN (Wide Area Network)- The Internet. WINIPCFG - A Windows 98 and Me utility that displays the IP address for a particular networking device. Appendix G: Specifications Model WRVS4400Nv2 Standards IEEE802.11n draft, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.3u, 802.1X Ports 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet, 12VDC Power Buttons Reset Cabling Type UTP CAT 5 LEDs Power, Diag, IPS (Blinks RED - Internal attack, Blinks Green - external attack), Wireless, LAN 1-4, Internet Wireless Radio Transmit Power 19dBm for 802.11b, 16dBm for 802.11g and 802.11n Wireless Securities WEP, WPA-Personal, WPA-Enterprise, WPA2-Personal, WPA2-Enterprise
Antenna 3 external 1.8dBi omni-directional antennas, 2x3 MIMO diversity Performance NAT Throughput 800 Mb/s Setup/Config WebUI Built in Web UI for Easy browser-based configuration (HTTP/HTTPS) Management SNMP Version SNMP Version 1, 2c Event Logging Event Logging: Local, Syslog, E-mail Alerts Web F/W upgrade Firmware Upgradable Through Web-Browser Diagnostics DIAG LED for Flash and RAM failure; Ping Test for network diagnostics Security VPN 5 QuickVPN Tunnels for remote client access 5 IPSec Gateway-to-Gateway Tunnels for branch office connectivity 3DES Encryption MD5/SHA1 Authentication IPSec NAT-T VPN Passthrough of PPTP, L2TP, IPSec Access Control IP-based ACL, Internet Access Policy Control Firewall SPI stateful packet inspection firewall Content Filtering URL blocking, keyword blocking IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) IP Sweep Detection, Application Anomaly Detection (HTTP, FTP, Telnet, RCP), P2P Control, Instant Messenger Control, L3-L4 Protocol (IP, TCP, UDP, ICMP) Normalization, L7 Signature Matching Signature Update Manual download from the web (Free download for 1 year) Secure Management HTTPS, Username/Password
802.1x Port-based Radius Authentication (EAP-MD5, EAP-PEAP) NAT PAT, NAPT, ALG support, NAT Traversal QoS Prioritization types Port-based and Application-based Priority Queues 4 queues Network VLAN Support Port-based VLAN DHCP DHCP Server, DHCP Client, DHCP Relay Agent DNS DNS Relay, Dynamic DNS (DynDNS, TZO) DMZ Any host IP address on LAN side Routing Static and RIP v1,v2 Environmental Device Dimensions 7.8 x 5.16 x 7.8 inches (W x H x D) 198 x 131 x 198 mm Weight 0.99 lbs (0.45kg) Power 12V 1A Certification FCC class B, CE, ICES-003 Operating Temp. 0ºC to 40ºC (32ºF to 104ºF) Storage Temp. -20ºC to 70ºC (-4ºF to 158ºF) Operating Humidity 10% to 85% Non-Condensing Storage Humidity 5% to 90% Non-Condensing
Appendix H: Warranty Information LIMITED WARRANTY Linksys warrants to You that, for a period of three years (the “Warranty Period”), your Linksys Product will be substantially free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use. Your exclusive remedy and Linksys' entire liability under this warranty will be for Linksys at its option to repair or replace the Product or refund Your purchase price less any rebates. This limited warranty extends only to the original purchaser. If the Product proves defective during the Warranty Period call Linksys Technical Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization Number, if applicable. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. If You are requested to return the Product, mark the Return Authorization Number clearly on the outside of the package and include a copy of your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. You are responsible for shipping defective Products to Linksys. Linksys pays for UPS Ground shipping from Linksys back to You only. Customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada are responsible for all shipping and handling charges. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMITED TO THE DURATION OF THE WARRANTY PERIOD. ALL OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE DISCLAIMED. Some jurisdictions do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may not apply to You. This warranty gives You specific legal rights, and You may also have other rights which vary by jurisdiction. This warranty does not apply if the Product (a) has been altered, except by Linksys, (b) has not been installed, operated, repaired, or maintained in accordance with instructions supplied by Linksys, or (c) has been subjected to abnormal physical or electrical stress, misuse, negligence, or accident. In addition, due to the continual development of new techniques for intruding upon and attacking networks, Linksys does not warrant that the Product will be free of vulnerability to intrusion or attack. TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL LINKSYS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST DATA, REVENUE OR PROFIT, OR FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT (INCLUDING ANY SOFTWARE), EVEN IF LINKSYS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT WILL LINKSYS’ LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE PRODUCT. The foregoing limitations will apply even if any warranty or remedy provided under this Agreement fails of its essential purpose. Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to You. Please direct all inquiries to: Linksys, P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623.
Appendix I: Regulatory Information FCC Statement This product has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: . • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna . • Increase the separation between the equipment or devices . • Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver's . • Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator and your body. Safety Notices Caution: To reduce the risk of fire, use only No.26 AWG or larger telecommunication line cord. Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool. Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. Industry Canada (Canada) This device complies with Canadian ICES-003 and RSS210 rules. Cet appareil est conforme aux normes NMB-003 et RSS210 d'Industrie Canada. IC Statement Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. 1. This device may not cause interference and 2. 2. This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired You are cautioned that changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate the equipment. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation IEEE 802.11b or 802.11g operation of this product in the U.S.A. is firmware-limited to channels 1 through 11.
operation of the device. Le fonctionnement est soumis aux conditions suivantes : 1. 1. Ce périphérique ne doit pas causer d'interférences; 2. 2. Ce périphérique doit accepter toutes les interférences reçues, y compris celles qui risquent d'entraîner un fonctionnement indésirable. User Information for Consumer Products Covered by EU Directive 2002/96/EC on Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) This document contains important information for users with regards to the proper disposal and recycling of Linksys products. Consumers are required to comply with this notice for all electronic products bearing the following symbol:
For more information, visit www.linksys.com.
Appendix J: Contact Information Need to contact Linksys? Visit us online for information on the latest products and updates to your existing products at: Can't find information about a product you want to buy on the web? Do you want to know more about networking with Linksys products? Give our advice line a call at: Or fax your request in to: If you experience problems with any Linksys product, you can call us at: Don't wish to call? You can e-mail us at: If any Linksys product proves defective during its warranty period, you can call the Linksys Return Merchandise Authorization department for obtaining a Return Authorization Number at: (Details on Warranty and RMA issues can be found in the Warranty Information section in this Guide.) http://www.linksys.com or ftp.linksys.com 800-546-5797 (LINKSYS) 949-823-3002 800-326-7114 support@linksys.com 949-823-3000

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