Krohne America 70 Level Radar User Manual JH5 70 Manual

Krohne America Inc Level Radar JH5 70 Manual

Contents

Manual

DIN A4: 7.02182.37.00 ©KROHNE 11/2000 US size: 7.02182.77.00 GR/LPStatus: 05-1998Installation and operating instructions(Reference Manual)Level RadarBM 70 A / BM 70 PNon-contact level gaugingusing electromagnetic wavesVariable area flowmetersVortex flowmetersFlow controllersElectromagnetic flowmetersUltrasonic flowmetersMass flowmetersLevel measuring instrumentsCommunications engineeringEngineering systems & solutions
BM 70 A/P Montage- und Betriebsanleitung Seite: 2 11/00Contents:General advice on safety ................................3Product liability and warranty .........................3Items included with supply ..............................3Software history ..............................................41. Range of application ................................62. Mode of operation and system structure.62.1 Operating principle ...................................62.2 Signal processing (digital) .........................72.3 Modularity (signal converter, flange, antenna)....................................................73. Input...........................................................83.1 Measured variable (distance, level, volume, reflection) ....................................83.2 Measuring range [0.5-35/40 m (1.64-115/131 ft)] .....................................83.3 Block distance...........................................83.4 Out-of-range performance.........................84. Output........................................................94.1 Variants.....................................................94.2 Ex-e current output HART®....................104.3 Ex-i current output HART® (type of protection: Ex de [ia]) ................104.4 HART® communication............................114.5 Current output (non-communicable) .......114.6 Digital interface RS 485 .........................114.7 Breakdown signal ....................................134.8 Digital input.............................................135. Measuring accuracy................................145.1 Reference conditions...............................145.2 Error of measurement ............................145.3 Repeatability ...........................................155.4 Measured value resolution/hysteresis .....155.5 Transient recovery time ..........................165.6 Turn-on drift / turn-on characteristics ......165.7 Long-term drift .......................................165.8 Effect of ambient temperature ................166. Operating conditions .............................176.1 Installation conditions .............................176.2 Ambient conditions..................................256.3 Product conditions...................................266.4 Maintenance ......... .................................277. Design......................................................287.1 Models ..... .............................................287.2 Dimensions and weights .........................297.3 Replacement of the signal converter .......307.4 Field assembly ........................................307.5 Selection of antenna type and size..............317.6 Materials of construction .........................327.7 Process connection .................................327.8 Electrical connection ...............................337.9 Terminating resistor for the RS 485 interface .....................................348. User interface ..........................................358.1 Local display .........................................358.2 Function of the keys ...............................368.3 Operator control concept........................378.4 Table fo settable functions (Version 3.00, 3.03, 4.02, 4.03) .............398.5 Configuration examples..........................428.6 Description of functions ..........................448.7 Functional checks...................................558.8 Pointers and error messages duringmeasurements.......................................568.9 Messages on start-up.............................588.10 Faults and symptoms during start-upand measurement .................................588.11 Calculation of the measured value .......618.12 User program PC-CAT for Windows .........................................629. Power supply ..........................................639.1 Options, technical data...........................639.2 Fuses ....................................................639.3 Changeover of operating voltage andreplacement of fuses .............................639.4 Advice on safety.....................................6410. Certificates and approvals....................6610.1 Hazardous-duty approvals.....................6610.2 Other approvals and certificates ...........6610.3 Explosion proof acc. to ATEX ...............6710.4 Radio approval .....................................6810.5 CE manufacturer’s declaration...............6911. Order information .................................7012. External standards, codes and directives ..............................................7113. Quality assurance .................................71AnnexAnnex A: Technical Data ............................72Annex B: Type code / nameplates...............74Annex C: Spare parts .................................77Annex D: Signed declaration to accompany a device returned to KROHNE ....80Annex E: Table on documentation of device configuration....................81Annex F: Index............................................82
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 3 11/00General advice on safety:•To carry: the device will weigh between approx. 16 kg (35.5 lb) and 30 kg (66.1 lb) or more! Tocarry, use both hands to lift the device carefully by the converter housing. If necessary, use liftinggear.•When handling the BM 70 A/P, avoid hard blows, jolts, impacts, etc.Product liability and warranty:The BM 70 A/P level gauge is designed solely for measuring the distance, level, volume andreflection of liquids, pastes, slurries, solids and particulate materials.The BM 70 A/P level gauge does not form part of an overfill protection system as defined in WHG.Special codes and regulations apply to its use in hazardous areas.Responsibility as to suitability and intended use of these level gauges rests solely with the user.Improper installation and operation of our level gauges may lead to loss of warranty.In addition, the "General conditions of sale", forming the basis of the purchasing contract, are appli-cable.If you need to return the level gauge to the manufacturer or supplier, please refer to the informationgiven in Annex D.Items included with supply:The scope of supply encompasses, in the version as ordered:•Signal converter bolted to waveguide window and antennaOptionally: antenna extension, sunshade (with fastening material in each case)•Shielding material with strap retainer (not for the US market)•Report on factory settings for the signal converter•Bar magnet for operator control / parameter assignment (only in version with local display)•Wrench for the coversInstallation material (stud bolts, flange gasket and cabling) not supplied, to be provided by customer!Documentation supplied:•Condensed instructions: installation, connection, start-up and safety advice in condensed form,but sufficient for most applications. Please read through these instructions first!•Instruction card: overview of the configuration menu and meaning of the markers in cheque cardformat.•Installation and operating instructions (this manual): detailed user manual and reference book,including description of special versions and functions. This documentation is structured on linessimilar to those given in the DIN V 19259 Standard.•Approval documents, unless reproduced in the installation and operating instructions.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 4 11/00Software historySignal Converter FirmwareFor BM 70 A:IntroductionMth./YrFirmwareVersionDeviceInstructionsRemarks06/97 3.00PREnn 06/97 Test versions01/98 3.00 11/97-11/00 First serial version. Errors when empty spectrum recordedwith WAVE-STICK; automatic reset when signal is extremelyweak.05/98 3.01 11/97-11/00 Elimination of errors in V. 3.00; improved application of emptyspectrum at tank bottom.07/99 3.02 05/98-11/00 Implementation of the ModBus protocol; adaptation toPROFIBUS interface; improved application of emptyspectrum at tank bottom; improvement of PC-CAT protocolswitching in multidrop operation; definition of 3.6 mA as lowererror current for the IS current output; improved tank bottomtracing; improved spectrum evaluation at tank heights > 15m.11/99 3.03 05/98-11/00 Correction of a bug in the mode "Hold on Error" (outputcurrent went to 1 mA or 3.6 mA; only V. 3.02); Adaption of theHART protocol for operation with the program AMS, andsome smaller error corrections; Improved "tank bottomrecognition" (measured value now always goes to theprogrammed tank bottom position); If no measured value isfound after start-up, the instrument goes directly into "tankbottom recognition" and the local display to level = 0, if Fct.3.2.5 Error Messages = NO is set.For BM 70 P:IntroductionMth./YrFirmwareVersionDeviceInstructionsRemarks05/98 4.00PREnn4.01PREnn4.02PREnn05/98 Test versions07/99 4.02 05/98-11/00 First serial version.11/99 4.03 05/98-11/00 Correction of a bug in the mode "Hold on Error" (outputcurrent went to 1 mA or 3.6 mA; only V. 4.02); Adaption of theHART protocol for operation with the program AMS, andsome smaller error corrections; Improved "tank bottomrecognition" (measured value now always goes to theprogrammed tank bottom position); If no measured value isfound after start-up, the instrument goes directly into "tankbottom recognition" and the local display to level = 0, if Fct.3.2.5 Error Messages = NO is set.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 5 11/00Compatibility between PC-CAT Software and BM 70x Level-Radar InstrumentsI N S T R U M E N T SSoftware (1) OperatingSystemBM 70BM 70NauticBM 70 ABM 70 PBM 700 BM 702PC-CAT (DOS) 1.00 DOS ≥ 3.00 YES (2) NO NO NOPC-CAT (DOS) 2.00 (4) DOS ≥ 3.00 YES (3) NO NO NOPC-CAT (DOS) 2.10/2.11 (4) DOS ≥ 3.00 YES NO NO NOPC-CAT (DOS) 2.30 DOS ≥ 5.00 (7) YES Up to firmw.3.02/4.02 (5) Up tofirmw.5.02 (5)NOPC-CAT (DOS) 3.00 DOS ≥ 5.00 (7) YES Up to firmw.3.02/4.02Up tofirmw. 5.02NOPC-CAT (DOS) 3.01 DOS ≥ 5.00 (7) YES YES YES YES (6)PC-CAT Windows 4.00/4.01 Windows95,98,2000,NTNO YES YES YESPC-CAT Windows Lite 4.01 Windows95,98,2000,NTNO YES YES YES(1) table is not including PRE versions of PC-CAT(2) limited to configuration parameters up to firmware 2.02/2.10(3) limited to configuration parameters up to firmware 2.20(4) Attention!! Does not run on fast PCs !!(5) with reduced display and configuration capability(6) not with firmware 7.00/PRE0x(7) or DOS-Window in Windows 3.1x, 9x (not Windows NT, 2000)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 6 11/001 Range of applicationThe BM 70 A/P Level-Radar level gauging system is designed to measure the distance, level, volumeand reflection of liquids, pastes, slurries, solids and particulate materials. It can be operated onstorage and process tanks and also on stilling wells.BM 70 P is specially designed for applications on storage tanks with highest precision requirements.BM 70 A/P Ex hazardous-duty versions are suitable for use in Ex-Zone 0, 1 and 2.In Germany (and, depending on the respective radio approval, in some other countries as well) its useis restricted to closed tanks or containers made of metal or concrete. Because of the low outputinvolved, however, the microwaves are not harmful to human beings.2 Mode of operation and system structure2.1 Operating principle (FMCW-Radar)A radar signal is given via an antenna, reflected on the measuring surface and received after a delaytime t.FMCW: Frequency Modulated Continuous WaveThe FMCW-radar uses a high frequency signal (~10 GHz) which transmit frequency increasinglinearly 1 GHz during the measurement (frequency sweep) (1). The signal is emitted, reflected on themeasuring surface and received time-delayed (2).For further signal processing the difference ∆f is calculated from the actual transmit frequency andthe receive frequency (3). The difference is directly proportional to the distance i.e. a large frequencydifference correspond to a large distance and vice versa.The frequency difference is transformed via a Fourier transformation (FFT) into a frequency spectrumand then the distance is calculated from the spectrum. The level results from the difference betweentank height and distance.Linearity of frequency sweepsThe measuring accuracy of a FMCW radar is determined from the linearity of the frequency sweepsand their reproducibility. The linearity correction is deduced via reference measurement of theoscillator.The non-linearity is corrected up to 98% (BM 700/BM 70 A).An immediate frequency regulation is necessary with the BM 70 P device because of the higherdemand on the measuring accuracy.With the PLL technology (Phase Locked Loop) the signal frequency is directly recorded as a digitaldata and the converter oscillator locks automatically on the right frequency.3) differential frequency formed 1) radar frequency linearly changed2) delay time due to wave propagationf∆∆ftantenna∆∆fnon-linear sweep linear sweepfStartfStop
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 7 11/00As the transmit frequency is changed during a short timeinterval by FMCW radar the transmitted frequency has tofollow the nominal frequency within micro seconds. Thisensues via modern, fast electronic and processors.2.2 Signal processing (digital)The radar signals are digitally processed by a microprocessor. The processing system is based onintelligent procedures that allow for plausibilities and history.The following diagram describes the path of internal signal processing:VFourierspectruminterpolationspectrumplausi-bilitytransformfilteranalog todigitalspectrummeasurementsignalgainswitchgaincontrolconversion correctedempty tank spectrumdistanceAfter automatic gain control, the measuring signal is filtered, digitized and converted into a frequencyspectrum by means of the Fourier transform. Plausibility of the value obtained is assessed with theaid of the so-called empty-tank spectrum, which contains information about constant interferencereflectors. Interpolation of the spectrum helps to improve resolution of the measured value.2.3 Modularity (signal converter, flange, antenna)The measuring system consists of the flange system and the signal converter.The flange system contains the microwave window separating product from pressure, and theantenna system.The compact signal converter contains the microwave generator and the entire signal processingsystem, including provision of a standardized output signal (4 - 20 mA or digital interface).The signal converter can be separated from the flange system under process conditions, without lossof pressure or escape of product.ConverterFlange with micro-wave windowAntenna systemOOOOMicroprocessorcontrolReferenceoscillatorPhasedetectorMicrowaveoscillatorLoopfilterAntennaPLL structure
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 8 11/003 Input3.1 Measured variable (distance, level, volume, reflection)The primary measured variable is the distance between a reference point (as standard: tank mountingflange) and a reflecting surface (e.g. surface of the liquid).The filling level is determined by allowing arithmetically for the entered tank height.Volume measurements are possible by entering a conversion table (max. 50 points).The strength of the reflected signal can be measured for qualitative assessment of the tank product orits surface.3.2 Measuring range [0.5-35/40 m (1.64-115/131 ft)]Minimum tank height 0.5 m (1.64 ft)Maximum measuring BM 70 A 40 m (131 ft) / optionally 100 m (328 ft)BM 70 A mit Wave-Stick 20 m (65.62 ft)BM 70 P 35 m (115 ft)The useful range will depend on the antenna size, the reflection properties of the tank product, theinstallation position, and the presence of interference reflectors (see Sections 6.1 and 7.5).3.3 Block distanceThe block distance is the minimum measured distance between the mountingflange (reference point) and surface of the tank product.Recommended minimum values: see following sketches.Horn antenna without stilling well:Product surfaceStorage tanks: 10cm/4"; Process tanks: 20cm/8"Antenna size* = Type3: 22cm/8.7"; Type4: 34cm/13"; * Hastelloy: +3cm / 1,2 "Recommended antenna distance:The length of any antenna extension used must be added on!Stilling well / Wave-Guide Wave-StickProductAntenna size * = Type1: 11cm/4";Type2: 15cm/5.5"; Type3: 22cm/8.7"Recommended antenna distance =30 cm / 12"(Wave-Guide: no antenna)* Hastelloy: 3 cm (0.4")Wave-Stick SW: 6cm/2.4"384 mm/15.1"Productmax.200 mmStandard:8"Minimum block distance =Standard: 184 mmNormal: Rod length - 200 mm (7.87")3.4 Out-of-range performanceWhen the level measuring range is exceeded (including flooding) the measured value will stick at the(adjustable) block distance (see Sect. 8.6.14).If the measured value drops below the level range, it will stay put at the set lower range limit (distance= tank height).MaximumlevelBlockdistance
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 9 11/004 Output4.1 VariantsVariants Remarks Describedin SectionEx-e current output HART®Ex-e; active; HART® protocol;together with switching output and digital input4.2 + 4.4Ex-i current output HART®intrinsically safe; passive; HART® protocol(optionally with intrinsically safe switching output)4.3 + 4.4Current output Ex-e; active; non-communicable 4.5RS 485 + current output BM70 protocol or ModBus-RTU or HART®4.6 + 4.5PROFIBUS-PA intrinsically safe; see Supplementary Instructions -Foundation Fieldbus (FF) intrinsically safe; see Supplementary Instructions -All versions with HART® or BM70 protocols can be operated with the PC-CAT PC program (see Section 8.12).Overview of digital Communication possibilities:BM 70 AHART specific software and operating devicesConverterHART-HHCHART CommunicatorHARTFIELD COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOLOI>>>>>>F1 F2 F 3 F4A B C D E F G H I7 8 9J K L M N O P Q R4 5 6S T U V W X Y Z /1 2 3# % & < > : +0 . _*HART-MasterTank Inventory System4 ... 20mA+ HART ®ModbusPROFIBUS-PA...........Othercommunication interfacesRS 485RS 4854mA (Ex i)+ HART®PC-CATorHART CommunicatorHARTFIELD COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOLOI>>>>>>F1 F2 F3 F4A B C D E F G H I7 8 9J K L M N O P Q R4 5 6S T U V W X Y Z /1 2 3# % & < > : +0 . _*HART-HHCPoint-to-point Multidrop
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 10 11/004.2 Ex-e current output HART®Function Level, distance, volume (conversion table) or reflection,and error identification;galvanically isolated from digital input and switching outputCurrent 4-20 mA; without or with error message (2 mA and 22 mA)Accuracy/linearity 0.05 % (rel. 20 mA; at T = 20°C, 100Ω load impedance and nominal operating voltage)Temperature drift < 100 ppm/K (typically 30 ppm/K)Load impedance < 500 ΩEffect of load impedance < 0.02 % (rel. 20 mA for RB = 0...500 Ω)Effect of power < 0.02 % (rel. 20 mA for UB within limits of tolerance)Hazardous-duty version: Ex eNote: together with switching output and digital inputDigital input (terminals 81/82):Can be used to suspend the entire measurement procedure, i.e. measurements are "frozen" (standardsetting), or to hot start the device (reprogra mming by KROHNE Service).Applicable voltage: 5...28 V DCInput resistance: > 1 kΩSwitching output (terminals 41/42):Can be progra mmed as a limit switch, alarm contact or error message.The contact is open in the de-energized condition.Operating data: max. 100 mA / 30 V DC or 30 V AC.Internal resistance: < 20 Ω4.3 Ex-i current output HART® (type of protection: Ex de [ia])Function Level, distance, volume (conversion table) or reflection;and error identification;passive output (current sink)Current 4-20 mA; without or with error message (3.6 mA / 22 mA);4 mA constant, adjustable for HART-MultidropTemperature drift < 100 ppm/K (typically 30 ppm/K)Accuracy/linearity 0.05 % (rel. 20 mA; at T = 20°C, 10 V supply voltage and nominal operating voltage)Supply voltage U 8-30 V (between terminals 31 and 32)Load impedance < (US - 8V) / 22 mA (US = external supply voltage)Effect of supply voltage < 0.02 % (rel. 20 mA for U = 8...30 V)Effect of power < 0.02 % (rel. 20 mA for UB within limits of tolerance)Note: Digital input not available.Optional switching output (terminals 41/42):can be progra mmed as limit switch, alarm contact or error message.The contact is open in the de-energized condition.Operating data: 6...30 V; ILow < 110 mA; ULow < 2V; IHigh <900 µA (U=30V) and IHigh =200 µA (U=8V)Ex-i safety limitsSignal circuit in type of protection: Intrinsic Safety EEx ia IIC/IIB or EEx ib IIC/IIBfor connection to a certified intrinsically safe circuit with the following peak values:Uo = 30 V; Ik = 250 mAEffective inner capacitance ≈ 0; effective inner inductance ≈ 0
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 11 11/004.4 HART® communicationThe HART Communications protocol can, in accordance with the Rosemount Standard, be used witha BM 70 A/P.Electrical connection: see Section 7.8.There are two ways of using the HART® Communication:a) As a point-to-point connection between the BM 70 A/P and the HART® master equipment.A BM 70 A/P can be used either with an Ex-e current output HART®or with an Ex-i current outputHART®.HARTMaster 4...20 mAb) As a multipoint connection (multidrop) with up to 15 devices (BM 70, BM 70 A/P or otherHART® equipment), in parallel on a 2-wire bus:A BM70 A/P is normally used with Ex-i current output, but an Ex-e current output can also be used(constant 4 mA in both cases.)HARTMaster4mA 4mA 4mA 4mAotherHARTdeviceHARTdeviceother4.5 Current output (non-communicable)Function Level, distance, volume (conversion table) or reflection,and error identificationCurrent 4-20 mA; without or with error message (2 mA and 22 mA)Accuracy/linearity 0.3 %(rel. 20 mA; at T = 20°C, 100 Ω load impedance and nominal operating voltage)Temperature drift < 200 ppm/K (typically 70 ppm/K)Load impedance < 250 ΩEffect of load impedance < 0.1 % (rel. 20 mA for RB = 0...250 Ω)Effect of power < 0.1 % (rel. 20 mA for UB within limits of tolerance)Hazardous-duty version: Ex eWhen operated as a switching output (digital output):Function limit switch, alarm contact or error messageLow status current < 2 mAHigh status current = 22 mA (when load < 250 Ω)No-load voltage < 18 V4.6 Digital interface RS 485RS 485 is a bus that allows two-way Communication (half-duplex operation) with the BM 70 A/PLevel-Radar. When the computer system sends out a request, the BM 70 A/P transmits: level,distance; volume (conversion table), reflection, setting parameters and status.A PC can configure any BM 70 A/P via the bus (RS 485/RS232 converter required) by means of thePC-CAT program, provided no master is active. The maximum cable length - excluding amplifier - is2000 m.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 12 11/00Transmission rate: 1200 to 38400 baudsAddress: 0 to 255Protocols: KROHNE Protocol, HART®, Modbus RTU (from firmwareV.3.02/4.02)Additional information: see "BM 70 A/P Communication RS 485"instructionsAdditional current output: The current output is conductively coupled to the RS 485 interface.Technical data: see Section 4.5Note: Switching contact and digital input are not available. However, thecurrent output can be configured as a switching output.Various bus configurationsA) Connection of a BM 70 A/P as a single RS 485 user:RS485 connection mustbe terminated with 120 ohms(if necessary insert resistor between A and B)ComputersystemBus line (2 shielded wires)with terminationresistance120 ohmsB) Connection of several BM 70 A/P in the RS 485 bus system via stubs to the bus cable:Computersystem...........RS485 connection mustbe terminated with 120 ohms(if necessary insert resistor between A and B)Bus line (2 shielded wires)with terminationresistance120 ohmswithoutresistancetermination withoutresistancetermination withoutresistanceterminationC) Connection of several BM 70 A/P in the RS 485 bus system, with bus cable looped through tofurther field instruments:...........with terminationresistance120 ohmswithoutresistancetermination withoutresistancetermination withoutresistanceterminationBus line (2 shielded wires)ComputersystemRS485 connection mustbe terminated with 120 ohms(if necessary insert resistor between A and B)Notes:•If other devices are operated together with the BM 70 A/P Level-Radar on one bus, all devicesmust use the same Communications protocol (e.g. ModBus devices of different makes or BM 70A/P and TTM 70 with KROHNE Protocol).•When "HART®" is set as the protocol type, use only the protocol in keeping with the "HART®Specification". The "Hardware Implementation RS 485" does not conform to the HART® Standard(see Sections 4.2 and 4.3).
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 13 11/00•Since signal reflections at the line ends can interfere with Communication, both the line beginning(at the computer system) and the line end (at the last device) should be terminated with the typicalsurge impedance of the cable (120 Ω). To do this inside the BM 70 A/P: see Section 7.9.4.7 Breakdown signalBreakdown information can be called up via the following interfaces:•Local display: flashing display, plain text information•Current output: error signal 2 mA (Exi = 3.6 mA) or 22 mA•Switching output: contact opens or closes•Digital interfaces: interrogation of error flags4.8 Digital inputThe digital input (for electrical data: see Section 4.2) can be used for temporarily "freezing" measure-ments or for carrying out a hot start. It is only available in the "Ex-e current output HART®" version.The "freeze" function can be used to blank out larger, temporary interferences, e.g. very slow agitator,slide gate, ball valve in the stilling well. The last measured values in each case are present at outputsI and S, and in the display. The digital input is also taken into account when the empty-tank spectrumis being recorded (totalizer does not continue). marker 6 in the display indicates that the digital inputis active in the "freeze" function.NOTE: The function of the digital input is set as standard to "freeze". To switch the function to "hotstart" or to deactivate it completely, the setting will need to be changed in the Service menu of theBM 70 A/P
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 14 11/005 Measuring accuracy5.1 Reference conditions•Temperature = +20°C / +68°F•Pressure = 1013 mbar abs. / 14.5 psia•Air humidity = 65%•Highly reflecting product (e.g. water) with calm surface•Tank diameter > 5 m / 16.4 ft•Mounted at least 1/7 x tank height away from tank edge (BM 70 P: 1/5 x tank height)•No interference reflections inside the radiation lobe (± 6...9°; see Section 6.1.1)5.2 Error of measurementSince the measuring process primarily determines distance, measuring accuracy can only bespecified as a function of the distance. For that reason, all figures given in this Section 5 refer to themeasured distance.BM 70 A: With antenna type 3 (139 mm / 5.47") or type 4 (200 mm / 7.87") or stilling well or Wave-Guide-12-10-8-6-4-20246810120 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 mDistance to flange1blockdistanceAccuracy-4-3.2-2.4-1.6-0.800.81.62.43.24inch cm4.8-4.816 33 49 66 82 98 1153131ft± 0.3 %± 1 cm (0.4")BM 70 A Wave-Stick:-12-10-8-6-4-20246810120 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 m10.18Accuracy-4-3.2-2.4-1.6-0.800.81.62.43.24inch cm4.8-4.8Distance to flange16 33 49 66 82 98 1153131ft0.6± 0.3 %± 1.5 cm (0.6")
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 15 11/00BM 70 A Precision (with special calibration and certificate):Only with antenna type 4 (200 mm / 7.87") or stilling well 80 - 200 mm dia. (3 - 8")-12-10-8-6-4-20246810120 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 m1± 0.1 %± 5 mm (0.2")Distance to flangeblockdistance16 33 49 66 82 98 1153131ftAccuracy-4-3.2-2.4-1.6-0.800.81.62.43.24inch cm4.8-4.8= calibration range = not verified by calibrationBM 70 POnly with antenna type 4 (200 mm / 7.87") or stilling well 100 - 200 mm dia. (4 - 8")-12-10-8-6-4-20246810120 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 mDistance to flangeAccuracy1Block-distance± 0.01 %± 1 mm (0.04")±20mm30...16 33 49 66 82 98 1153131ft-0.4-0.32-0.24-0.16-0.0800.080.160.240.320.4inch mm0.48-0.485.3 RepeatabilityRepeatability is equal to half the value for the error of measurement.5.4 Measured value resolution/hysteresisMeasured value resolution is: 1 mm / 0.04" for BM 70 A, and 0.1 mm / 0.004" for BM 70 PHysteresis is at least 20 times less than the error of measurement.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 16 11/005.5 Transient recovery timeThe transient recovery time is determined by the setting parameter "time constant" (1 ... 100 s).The transient recovery time relative to 1% deviation from the steady-state value is approx. 4.6 timesthe time constant.However, in the case of unusually rapid changes in level, the transient recovery time may deviatefrom this figure.5.6 Turn-on drift / turn-on characteristicsA rough measured value is initially displayed about 1 minute after the BM 70 A has been switched on.The first self-calibration is completed after about 2 minutes. Full measuring accuracy is attained after30 minutes operating time.The measured value from the BM 70 P is accurate directly after the startup phase (approx. 1.5minutes).Typical turn-on drift (example):Measured valueTime/min012 30BM 70 ABM 70 P5.7 Long-term driftThe long-term drift is within the specified error of measurement.5.8 Effect of ambient temperatureTemperature coefficient, signal output:Ex-e current output HART®: < 100 ppm/°C (typically: 30 ppm/°C)Ex-i current output HART®: < 100 ppm/°C (typically: 30 ppm/°C)Current output: < 200 ppm/°C (typically: 70 ppm/°C)Digital interfaces: no temperature effectThe temperature has no effect on the measured value as the device carries out a regular self-calibra-tion.The effect of temperature of the atmosphere above the liguid product results theoretically in -1ppm/°C for air.In respect of proof of temperature effect with the aid of reference measurements in liquid tanks, itneeds to be borne in mind that liquids generally have a high coefficient of cubic expansion (organicliquids: typically 0.15 %/°C)!
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 17 11/006 Operating conditionsHazardous-duty systems•The BM 70 A/P is certified in conformity with European Standard (ATEX) for use in Zone 0, 1 and2 hazardous locations.•The BM 70 A/P also has FM Approval (Factory Mutual) for CLASS I, DIV 1, GROUPS B,C,D;CLASS II/III, DIV 1, GROUPS E,F,G.•Attention is drawn to the information given on the nameplate and the specifications in theapproval certificates.•When carrying out installation, dismantling work or making electrical connections in thehazardous area, be sure to observe the pertinent wiring and installation regulations, e.g. asspecified in VDE 0165.•Within the scope of routine checks required to be carried out on systems operated in hazardousareas (maintaining the system in good working order), the "flameproof enclosure" (large cover onsignal converter) should also be visually inspected for signs of external damage and corrosion.•Before opening the "flameproof enclosure" (e.g. to inspect the inside or for repair purposes)make absolutely certain in the hazardous location:- that the BM 70 A/P Level-Radar is disconnected from voltage, and then allow the prescribed waiting time of 22 minutes to elapse first,- and that there is no explosion hazard (gas-free certificate!).Safety•Operator control via the keys: on electrical safety grounds, operator control of the keys (belowthe display, with the housing open) may only be carried out by specialist personnel for service andrepair work, on no account, however, when there is risk of explosion!•Surface temperature: the housing of the signal converter can, in extreme ambient conditions,assume temperatures of more than 70°C (158°F)!6.1 Installation conditionsRefer to Section 7.5 for selection of the optimum antenna type6.1.1 Transmission angleThe transmission angle is defined as the angle α to the vertical, in which the power density of theradar waves assumes half the value of the maximum power density (half-power beamwidth):ααsAntenna Type Diametermm (inches)Trans-missionangle αLobe expansion s permetre distanceType 4 200 (7.87) 6° 10 cm (3.94”)Type 3 140 (5.51) 8° 14 cm (5.51”)Type 2 * 100 (3.94) 12° * 22 cm (8.67”)Type 1 * 80 (3.15) 16° * 30 cm (11.8”)Wave-Stick 25 (0.98) 9° 16 cm (6.3”)Wave-Guide /stilling well25-200(0.98-7.87)Propagation only inside thestilling well* Should only be used in stilling wells; the transmission angle givenapplies to line-of-sight propagation, i.e. without stilling well.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 18 11/006.1.2 Recommendations for positioning on the tankA) Horn antenna or Wave-Stick without stilling wellD >1/7×H, but max. 1/3×DAntenna Type 3or Wave-StickHDAntenna Type 4H >1/10×H, but max. 1/3×DBM 70 P : > 1/5 x Hmeasurablelevelmin.Lower measuring range limited Several BM 70 A/P can be operatedwhen tank has tapered bottom. in one tank.Do not position in Do not mount dead centre Do not positiontank centreline!onmanhole cover! above internals!(multiple reflections!) (multiple reflections!) (interference reflections!)If these recommendations cannot be followed because of the tank geometry, please consultKROHNE.Recommendeddistancefrom the tankwall:
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 19 11/00B) Stilling well or Wave-GuideA stilling well or Wave-Guide may be mounted in any position on the tank.(For design layout: see also Section 6.1.4; for block distance: see Section 3.3).Stilling well application In a side vessel BM 70 A Wave-Guide6.1.3 Mounting on tank fittingA) Horn antennaShould be mounted on the tank fitting as close to the horizontal as possible (deviation < ± 2°).Exception: if product surface is not horizontal, (e.g. particulate materials) the flange can be alignedroughly parallel to it.The antenna should project out of the fitting:Tank nozzle DLA stilling well or Wave-Guideis positively recommended forhorizontal cylindrical tanks(to avoid multiple reflections):Antenna Diameter D Length l*Type 4 200 mm (8”) 335 mm (13.2”)Type 3 140 mm (5.5”) 223 mm (8.8”)*Hastelloy: + 30 mm (1.2”) (subject to change without notice)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 20 11/00An antenna extension should be added if the antenna does not project out of the fitting:Tank nozzle AntennaextensionAntenna extensions are available from 100 to 2000 mm (3.94" to 78.74") in steps of 100 mm (3.94").Several extensions can be joined up:Exception:When the tank fitting is sy mmetrical, the antenna may end in the fitting so as to enlarge themeasuring range (minimum dead zone to tank cover, see Sect. 3.3 "block distance" and Sect. 5.2"error of measurement"):Tank nozzle Narrow tank fittingIf the inside diameter of the fitting is smaller than the diameter of the antenna, and the fitting isaccessible from inside the tank for mounting purposes, the antenna with extension can be mountedfrom the inside (not for versions made of titanium or tantalum). The antenna extension should beabout 100 mm (3.94") longer than the height of the fitting.Tank nozzle Antennaextension
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 21 11/00B) Wave-StickNote the requirements pertaining to diameter and length of the tank fitting:min. 50 mm/2"max. XTank nozzleL6.1.4 Mounting on stilling wellsAntenna Type Outsidediameter1 80 mm (3.15”)1s 76 mm (2.99”)2, 2s 100 mm (3.94”)3 140 mm (5.51”)3s 152 mm (5.98”)4, 4s 200 mm (7.87”)If necessary, turn antennato size!Antenna size must match insidediameterA standard Wave-Stick will notfunction in a stilling well! Forstilling wells 40-55 mm a typeWave-Stick SW can be used.Further requirements concerning stilling wells:•The well must be electrically conductive.•Minimum inside diameter of well: 40 mm (1.57"). (BM 70 P: 80 mm,better > 100 mm).•If possible, use only smooth walled, straight stilling wells. If nevertheless an assembled stilling wellis necessary, abrupt changes in diameter along the pipe should be less than 1 mm (0.04"). Surfaceroughness of the inside of the pipe should not be more than + 0.1 mm (0.004").•For the BM 70 P the antenna types 1s, 2s, 3s or 4s have to be used to achieve a high measuringaccuracy.Version Length L max.height offitting XStandard 384 mm(15.12”)150 mm(15.12”)Option 500...1000 mm(19.7” - 39.4”)L - 234 mm(L - 9.2”) 60mm
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 22 11/00It is possible to measure through a full-bore open ball valve if the valve and the pipe adapters aboveand below the valve are relatively smooth-walled.•It is not possible to measure levels below the end of the stilling well.•To ensure equalization of pressure, drill one or two small holes in the stilling well above themaximum filling level.•If necessary, several holes can be drilled along thewhole length of the pipe. All holes must bedeburred. The holes should be as small aspossible and spaced wide apart (Recommen-dation: see drawing on the right).•It is advisable to fit a reference point at the end ofthe stilling well in the form of a rod or screw ofapprox. 6 mm (0.24") diameter. See drawingbelow.6.1.5 Wave-GuideThe "Wave-Guide" is a pipe with an outside diameter of 30 mm (1.18") and an inside diameter of 25mm (0.98"), that is bolted direct to the BM 70 A flange system (in the same way as an antennaextension). It functions like a stilling well and can be used for clean products. The Wave-Guide is notpractical in conjunction with the BM 70 P as it will not provide high measuring accuracy.maximum length:Ex: max. 3 m (9.84 ft) (except tantalum: max. 1 m (3.28 ft)).Non-Ex: up to 3 m (9.84 ft) without additional supportPipes longer than 3 m (9.84 ft) need to be fixed at two points.6.1.6 Curved antenna extensionsRectangular and S-shaped extensions are available for particularly difficult operating conditions. Suchextensions can be used in cases where the antenna is exposed to especially high temperatures andwhere there are problems of space, (e.g. to avoid internals; positioning the antenna away from thecentre of sy mmetry; lateral mounting of the signal converter).Standard sizes (others on request):Ø max.10 mmmin.50 mm6 mm ØØ 6 mmØ 0.24"/ 0.4"/ 1.97"271 (10.67")271 (10.67")323 (12.72")300 (11.81")R 110 (4.33")Dimensions in mm (inches)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 23 11/006.1.7 Special options for the flangeAntenna heating/cooling device (> DN150/6") Purging device (> DN100)Double-walled antenna for cooling or heating, With connection for purging the inside surfacee.g. to avoid condensation (recommended for of the antenna to prevent heavy deposits ofliquid sulphur). product or to heat or cool the antenna.max. differential pressure at antenna:Standard DN150= 6 bar (87 psig) (information on other pressurelevels provided on request)6.1.8 Ultimate installation on the tank•After carefully positioning the BM 70 A/P on thetank fitting flange (not forgetting the gasket),align the BM 70 A/P and the gasket.•Insert stud bolts and tighten nuts slightly (byhand). (These items not included with supply).•Press shielding strip C* in the gap betweentank flange and the BM 70 A/P flange andsecure with strap retainer S* (both itemsincluded with supply).•Strap retainer S* must fit closely and overlapboth flanges.* only required for European radio approvals•Tighten down stud bolts and nuts firmly. Thetorque is dependent on the strength propertiesof the stud bolts and the pressure rating of thetank. C* = shielding strip B = BM 70 A/P flangeS* = strap retainer F = tank flangeIf a liquid is used for purging, this may interfere with thefunctioning of the BM 70 A/P during the process.Continuous purging with gas is not a problem as it doesnot interfere with measurements.The purge connection is closed off by the manufacturerswith a ¼" screw. When this screw is removed to connectup a purging system, the operator is responsible forensuring conformity with "Ex" requirements inconnection with the purging circuit (e.g. fitting a flametrap).Hazardous-duty systems:1. In Zone 0, the temperature of theheating system and antenna maynot exceed 80 % of the ignitiontemperature of the stored material.2. Continuous monitoring shallensure, and operational inspectionsshall verify, that the 80% level ofthe ignition temperature stated inPoint 1 above is not exceeded.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 24 11/006.1.9 SunshadeA sunshade SD is recommended to protect thesignal converter from the effects of direct sunshinefrom above. This will increase the overall installa-tion height by approx. 20 mm.The sunshade is easily fitted/dismantled with theaid of 4 screws S(included). An Allen key (size 4mm) is required.353 (13.89")315 (12.40")Dimensions in mm (inches)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 25 11/006.2 Ambient conditions6.2.1 Hazardous locationsBM 70 A/P Ex is suitable for use in hazardous locations of the following zones: 0, 1, 2Temperature classes: T6...T2; danger groups: IIA...IICFor further information: see Section 10.6.2.2 Ambient temperature of signal converterBM 70 A/P with horn antenna or Wave-Guide: -20 ... +55°C (-4 ... +131°F)A "BM 70 sunshade" should be fitted if the converter is located in the open with the likelihood ofstrong insolation (see Section 6.1.9).6.2.3 Flange temperatureHorn antenna, Wave-Guide (Tamb*≤ 50°C): -30 ... +130°C (-22 ... +266°F)Horn antenna, Wave-Guide (Tamb*≤ 55°C): -30 ... +120°C (-22 ... +248°F)High-temperature version with distance piece andFFKM gasket (Kalrez 4079or Parofluor V3819-75): -30 ... +250°C ** (-22 ... +482°F)Kalrez 2035 gasket: -30 ... +210°C (-22 ... +410°F)Viton gasket: -30 ... +200°C (-22 ... +392°F)FEP-sheathed gasket: -30 ... +200°C (-22 ... +392°F)Wave-Stick, permanently: -20 ... +100°C (-4 ... +218°F)Wave-Stick, pressure-dependent (see 6.3.5), with no mechanicalloading radial to the rod: bis +150°C (302°F)Wave-Stick, steam cleaning (CIP, SIP) for 30 minutes: max. +160°C (320°F)* Tamb is the ambient temperature of the signal converter** Safety limit: +280°C (536°F)6.2.4 Ambient temperature limitsSignal converter:Measuring function OK, but LCD "freezes up": min. - 40°C (-40°F)Functional upper limit, for max. 2 hours: max. +70°C (+158°F)Flange system:see Section 6.2.36.2.5 Storage temperature-20 ... +60°C (-4 ... +140°F)6.2.6 Environment classLocations exposed direct to open-air climate, D1 Severity in conformity with EN 60654-16.2.7 Protection categorySignal converter: IP 66 / IP 67 (equivalent to NEMA 6)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 26 11/006.2.8 Shock resistanceThe device has been found to withstand the impact test in conformity with EN 61010, Section 8.2,with 0.5 J energy, and the drop test to prEN 50178:1994.6.2.9 Vibration endurance limitType test conditions: to IEC 68-2-6 and prEN 50178 (10-57Hz: 0.075 mm / 57-150 Hz: 1 g)6.2.10 EMCThe devices satisfy the requirements of EN 50081-1, EN 50082-2 and the NAMUR Recommendation.6.3 Product conditions6.3.1 Physical properties of the productsPhysical properties (such as density, viscosity, conductivity, relative permittivity, magnetic properties,etc.) have no effect on measurement results.The relative permittivity is merely required to have a minimum value in order to ensure reliablemeasurements (see Section 6.3.2).6.3.2 Relative permittivity (εεr≥≥ 1.5)The (relative) permittivity of the product (εr , Epsilon-R) determines the strength of the reflectedsignal. Measurement results are not affected so long as the reflected signal is strong enough, butreliability and the maximum measuring range are dependent upon the relative permittivity.At εr < 3, a stilling well should be used. The minimum relative permittivity of the product isapproximately εr = 1.5.See also Section 7.5.If the Wave-Stick is also to take measurements when immersed, εr will need to be > 4.0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%1 1.2 1.6 2 2.5 3.2 4 5 6.3 8 10 12 16 20 25 40 50 63 8032Dielectric Constant and Reflection FactorRεrWaterBenzene ToluenePetrolChlorinePhosgeneMethanolLPG Sulfuric acidSulfurPhenolNitrobenzeneGlycolParaffinU S E A B L E R A N G E
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 27 11/006.3.3 Product limitationsRadar-based level measuring devices are not suitable for the following products:•liquid a mmonia (NH3)•liquid hydrogen (H2)•liquid helium (He)6.3.4 Product temperature (unrestricted)The product temperature is not a relevant factor, provided the ambient temperature (see 6.2.2) andthe flange temperature (see 6.2.3) are within the specified limits.6.3.5 maximum allowable operating pressure (max. 64 bar / 928 psig)Flange system with horn antenna or Wave-Guide:PN 16 PN 25 PN 40 PN 64DN 80 16 bar (232 psig) --- 40 bar (580 psig) 64 bar (928 psig)DN 100 16 bar (232 psig) --- 38 bar (551 psig) 55 bar (798 psig)DN 150 16 bar (232 psig) --- 34 bar (493 psig) 47 bar (682 psig)DN 200 16 bar (232 psig) 25 bar (363 psig) 32 bar (464 psig) 45 bar (653 psig)Information on higher pressures (up to 400 bar / 5800 psig) supplied on requestWave-Stick without plate resp. LP flange system: max. 2 bar / 29 psigWave-Stick with plate: max. 16 bar, dependent on temperature:Temperature TPressure-20 +150 °C+100-15+15232 (46 - 0.3·T[°C]) bar-4 +302 °F+212-1+1+16bar psig(740 - 2.4·T[°F]) psig6.4 MaintenanceCleaning the antennaParticular process applications can cause severe contamination of the antenna. Microwaves cannotbe properly emitted or received when reflected from deposits on the antenna. In such cases, theBM 70 A/P will usually indicate maximum level (volume) or minimum distance.The level of contamination at which such errors occur depends firstly on the product concerned, andsecondly on the reflection index, which is mainly determined by the relative permittivity εr.Regular cleaning, or use of the purging device (see Sect. 6.1.7), is advisable if the product has atendency to form deposits, etc.When spraying, washing down, or cleaning with mechanical aids, take special care not to damageeither the horn antenna or the bottom Teflon plug at the waveguide window (see Section 7.4 "Fieldassembly of the BM 70 A/P"). If cleaning agents are used, take material resistance into account!
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 28 11/007 DesignHazardous-duty systemsThe BM 70 A/P-Ex is approved to European Standard EN 50014/18/19/20 for use in hazardouslocations of Zones 0, 1 and 2.•Electronics compartment: Flameproof Enclosure "d"•Terminal compartment:Increased Safety "e" for signal output and power supplyOptionally: Intrinsic Safety "i" for the signal output and Increased Safety "e"for the power supply.Special version: Flameproof Enclosure "d"•Pin coupler compartment: Increased Safety "e"•Further detailsare given in the Certificates of Conformity, see Section 10, and in the"Hazardous-duty systems" boxes (shaded grey in the text, e.g. at the beginningof Section 6), which should without fail be additionally heeded for the BM 70 A/P-Ex.7.1 ModelsBM 70 A/P with horn antenna BM 70 A Wave-Guide BM 70 A Wave-Stick
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 29 11/007.2 Dimensions and WeightsBasic version: High-temperature version:Meter size Standard antenna Lenght* WeightDN ( mm) ANSI (") Typ ØA ( mm) ØA (") f ( mm) f (") kg lb80 3 1 80 3,15 110 4,33 17 37,48100 4 2 100 3,94 148 5,83 18 39,68150 6 3 140 5,51 223 8,78 23 50,71200 8 4 200 7,87 335 13,19 30 66,1480 3 1s 76 2,99 420 16,54 18 39,68100 4 2s 100 3,94 620 24,41 19 41,89150 6 3s 152 5,98 820 32,28 25 55,12200 8 4s 200 7,87 820 32,28 32 70,55* Hastelloy: + 30 mm (1.12”)Wave-Stick: Wave-Stick with hygienic connections:(DIN 11851 "dairy") (with adapter for Tri-Clamp)292351384260Options:Tri-Clamp 2", 3", 4"SMS 51 mm, 63 mm, 76 mmDIN 11851 (dairy)DN 50, DN 65, DN 80Flange size dia. A in mm (inches) Weight in kg (lb)DN 50 / ANSI 2" 100 (3.94) 16 (35.27)ANSI 3" 127 (5.0) 17 (37.5)DN 80 138 (5.43) 17 (37.5)DN 100 / ANSI 4" 158 (6.22) 18 (39.7)DN 150 / ANSI 6" 216 (8.5) 23 (50.7)214 (8.42")176 (6.89")313 (12.32")226 (8.89")313 (12.32")226 (8.89")420 (16.54")fL313 (12.32")226 (8.89")Ø25 (Ø0.98")L = 384 mm Standard500 – 1000 mm optional60 mm Typ SW
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 30 11/007.3 Replacement of the signal converterAlways disconnect from power source before commencing work!Hazardous-duty systemsBefore replacing the signal converter (instrument "head") in the hazardous location, make absolutelycertain that there is no explosion hazard (gas-free certificate). Allow the prescribed waiting time of 22minutes to elapse before opening the housing!1. Remove safety lock (see Sect. 9.3) with machinist's wrench, size 4 mm, and unscrew cover fromthe terminal box with the special wrench. If a sunshade is fitted, remove this first (see Section6.1.9).2. Disconnect all cables from the terminals in the terminal compartment, see Section 7.8.3. Remove the 4 Allen screws M (Allen key size 5 mm) and lift off the signal converter. The flangeunit (incl. waveguide window) will remain tight, also on pressurized tanks.CautionOn pressurized tanks, do not on any account remove the 4 screws Hconnecting the waveguidewindow to the BM 70 A/P flange! DANGER TO LIFE!4. Install the new BM 70 A/P signal converter.5. Check power voltage and fuse(s) (refer to instrument nameplate) and change or replace if neces-sary, see Sect. 9.2 and 9.3.6. Reconnect all cables in the terminal compartment as described in Sect. 7.8.7. Check against the attached report on settings whether the factory-set parameters are correct foryour application. If not, reset the parameters as described in Sect. 8.8. Subsequently, record the empty-tank spectrum, see Sect. 8.6.12.Important:Ensure that the screw thread of the covers on the terminal and electronic compartments is wellgreased at all times.7.4 Field assembly•When the BM 70 A/P needs to be field assembled, allrequired parts are included with the supply (stud bolts,washers, etc.).•If supplied loose, bolt the waveguide window (flangeassembly) or the distance piece to the BM 70 A/P.Tightening torque for the 4 Allen screws M (key size SW 5mm): max. 8 Nm ~ 0,8 kpm.•Note: The upper Teflon plug must be absolutely dry andclean! Moisture and dirt will negatively affect functionabilityof the BM 70 A/P!•Bolt antenna and antenna extension together: torque for the3 stud bolts: max. 8 Nm ~ 0.8 kpm.•Do not on any account detach screws H!distance piece (forhigh-temperature versionup to 250°C (482 °F)upper Teflon plugO-ringlower Teflon plugO-ringBM70 Aconnecting flangeantenna extensionantennaMHMsignal converter
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 31 11/007.5 Selection of antenna type and sizeThis BM 70 A recommendation for the optimum application range is based on applicationexperience and designed to minimize potential problems. If the recommended antenna isunacceptable, any other configuration may also be tested.Type 1 and 2 antennas should only be used with stilling wells.For BM 70 P always antenna type 4 or a stilling well > 100 mm / 4" is recommended.40m15m10m1.5m0.5m∞1.5 2 83∞2153 5∞2304 8 1510525m20m5m30mεrεrεr35mtank height/rangeDielectric constantor foamwith vortexprocess tankagitator tankof the medium for:smooth surfaceantenna type 4antenna type 3Wave-StickstillwellstillwellWave-Stickstillwellstillwellantenna type 4stillwell130ft45ft30ft5ft1.6ft85ft65ft15ft100ft115ftstorage tank withHow to use the diagram:•Determine the following application parameters:a) Tank height or maximum measuring range/distance (e.g. H=15m)b) Tank type (one of the three types shown, e.g. process tank)c) Relative permittivity of the product (e.g. εr=5)•Find the relative permittivity on the relevant horizontal axis (e.g. 5 on the middle axis)•Draw a line up to the required tank height = vertical axis (e.g. 15 m)•The end of the line defines the application range. The text contained in that area indicatesthe suitable antenna types (in the example: stilling well or Type 4).
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 32 11/007.6 Materials of constructionCheck the materials of the antenna, extension, flange, gaskets, and PTFE (contained in all versions)for compatibility with the product!7.6.1 Signal converterHousing: Aluminium with electrostatic powder coating to DIN 55990-3.Sight window: Glass7.6.2 Flange system(Antenna, extensions and flange or flange plating)Available materials for BM 70 A/P flange systems (in contact with the product):DIN No. AISI equivalentVersions mit horn antenna or Wave-Guide:Stainless steel 1.4571 316 TiStainless steel 1.4435 316 L Hastelloy C4 2.4610 -Hastelloy B2 2.4617 -Titanium 3.7035 -Tantalum - -Monell 400 2.4360 -Inconell 600 2.4816 -(Information on other materials supplied on request)Wave-Stick:In the versions with PTFE flange plate, only PTFE is in contact with the product (no metal in contactwith the tank contents)Flange made of stainless CrNi steel 1.4571 / 316 Ti7.6.3 Seals and gasketsResponsibility as to suitability rests solely with the user.Available materials for internal device seals and gaskets in the flange system in contact with theproduct:Material Temperature resistanceFFKM (Kalrez 4079 or Parofluor V8545-75) 250°C/482°F (safety limit 280°C / 536°F)DuPont Kalrez 2035 210°C/410°FViton (FPM) 200°C/392°FFEP-coated 200°C/392°F7.7 Process connectionThe process connection is by way of standard flanges sized DN 50-200 or equivalent ANSI sizes(dependent on the version). Various hygienic connections are additionally available for the Wave-Stick (DIN 11851, Tri-Clamp, SMS).Refer to Section 7.2 for further information on the various versions.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 33 11/007.8 Electrical connectionThe electrical connection for supply power and signal inputs/outputs is made in the terminal compart-ment (Ex-e) of the signal converter. Observe requirements specified in VDE 165, and consult thesafety advice given in Section 9.4.In the BM 70 A/P version with intrinsically safe signal output, only certified intrinsically safeequipment may be connected to the blue terminals, even if the device is not operated in thehazardous area!Terminals: conductor cross-section 0.5 - 2.5 mm² (solid conductor: max. 4 mm²)PE safety conductor and/or FE functional ground: U-clamp terminal (max. 4 mm² conductor cross-section)(see also terminal assignments below and in Sect. 9.4)Cablel entries: 3x M25x1.5 (with standard cable gland: cable clamping area = 9-16 mm)Signal cable shielding: required for RS 485 line, recommended for current output when line lengths > 100 m (350 ft)"Ex" equipotential bonding: U-clamp terminal (max. 4 mm² conductor cross-section) on "neck" ofsignal converterRated temperature of power cables:Version Max. flangetemperatureRatedtemperature ofpower cablesw/o high temperature ≤ 100°C/212°F 70°C/158°Fdistance piece > 100°C/212°F 80°C/176°Fwith high temperature ≤ 200°C/392°F 70°C/158°Fdistance piece > 200°C/392°F 80°C/176°FTerminal assignmentSupply power:NLPE~~NLInputs/Outputs12+(-) -(+)24V DC24V AC FE~~Inputs/OutputsConnections for 115/230 V AC Connections for 24 V DC/AC (any polarity)Connection of an FE functional ground is not mandatory.Current output HART®, Ex e: Ex-i current output HART®:32 31-+42 41CurrentoutputSwitching outputmax. 100mA/30V DCACDigitalinput82 81-+-+5...28V=4-20mAmax.500 Ω32 31-Ex-i (IS)++supply unit+-U max.= 30VCurrentoutput4-20mAU min.= 8V
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 34 11/00Ex-i Current output HART® with switching output: Current output (non-communicable):Current-outputSwitching outputmax. 110mA/30V4142 32 31+--++unitU max.= 30V4-20mAU min.= 8VEx-i-supply32 31Currentoutput-+unassigned-+4-20mAmax.250 ΩRS 485 version: PROFIBUS-PA or Foundation Fieldbus (FF)BBAARS 485input RS 485output32 31Currentoutput-+-+4-20mAmax.250 Ω32 31Bus-connectionPROFIBUS-PA / FF with current output: PROFIBUS-PA / FF with switching output:42-Ex-i-supply-++unit+U max.= 30Vcurrentoutput4-20mAU min.= 8V41-32 31Bus-connection32 31switching outputmax. 110mA/30V42 41Bus-connection7.9 Terminating resistor for the RS 485 interfaceA selector plug on the RS 485 board allowsoptionally a high-resistance termination (presetting)or a terminating resistor of 120 Ω at the RS 485connections A and B. For this purpose, the housing(flameproof enclosure) of the BM 70 A/P signal con-verter needs to be opened (see Sect. 9.3) and theselector plug turned 180°, see sketch on the right.120ΩRS485 signal-output boardhigh-impedance........
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 35 11/008 User interface8.1 Local displayIn the versions with local display at the BM 70 A/P signal converter, configuration can be carried outdirectly at the device. If a local display is not featured, the PC-CAT program (see Sect. 8.12) must beused to change the parameter setting (assuming a communicable interface is provided).Two variants of the display are available:- Standard display with 2-line LCD display (7 mm high digits for the measured value).- Jumbo display with single-line LCD display and 16 mm high digits for the max. 5-digit measuredvalue (restricted user friendliness for parameter setting, because 2nd line not visible).Standard displaycNumerical display of measured valuedAlphanumeric display of function/unite6 markers to indicate measuring statusf 3 keys for configuration and error inquiryg magnetic sensors for control through the closedhousing (function same as the 3 keys)hCompass field, signals actuation of a keyJumbo displaycNumerical display of measured value (5 places)e6 markers to indicate measuring statusf3 keys for configuration and error inquiryg magnetic sensors for control through the closedhousing (function same as the 3 keys)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 36 11/008.2 Function of the keysThe three keys have the following functions:→ (Cursor key): - selects the configuration menu,- branches the menu to the next lower level,- moves the cursor* to the right to the next column.↑ (Select key): - branches the menu to the next digit in the same level,- changes the content (digit, character) at the cursor* position.↵(Enter key): - selects the error memory,- branches the menu to the next higher level,- stores newly entered parameters,- executes displayed functions.* The cursor position is signalled by flashing of the character or selected point at the appropriate place.To start operator control:Measuring mode Operator control modePlease note: When "YES" is set under Fct. 3.4.2 and ENTRY CODE "CodE1 -------"appears in the display, the → key must be pressed.The 9-keystroke Entry Code1 must then be entered:Factory setting: →→→↵↵↵↑↑↑(each keystroke confirmed in the display by "*".)To terminate operator control:Press key ↵ repeatedly until one of the following menus is displayed.Fct. 1.0 OPERATION, Fct. 2.0 TEST or Fct. 3.0 INSTALL.↵Press key ...New parameters not to be storedPress ↑ key to display "STORE.NO".Measuring mode continued with the "old"parameters after pressing the ↵ key; the"START" message is shown until a measuredvalue is determined.If instead you wish to return to Configuration,press the ↑ key first until "RETURN" isdisplayed, and then the ↵ key.Store new parametersConfirm by pressing the ↵ key,"START" is displayed, and the measuringmode is continued with the new parameters.6 2 7c mF c t. 1.0O P E R A T I O N→F c t. 3. 0S T O R E Y E SI N S T A L L.↵
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 37 11/008.3 Operator control conceptmain menucolumnSubmenucolumnFunctionscolumnDatacolumnMeasuring mode6 2 7c mDirections for using the keys in the menu levels and columns.The flashing part of the display (cursor) can be changed.CodE2--  Error QUITNO ERRORError displayleaf through theerror list byor orQUIT NOQUIT YESReturn to measuring modepressingNote:If after pressing a key "NO ACCESS" is displayed, this means that the keypad is temporarily blockedowing to a configuration access via the signal output. The keys are available again afterCommunication has finished.When this displayed, enter the 9-keystroke Entry Code1,see Fct. 3.4.3Factory setting: →→→↵↵↵↑↑↑↵→CodE1---------Setting level3.6 SW.OUTPUT.S 3.6.1 - 3.6.43.5 APPLICAT. 3.5.1 - 3.5.93.4 USER DATA 3.4.1 - 3.4.43.3 SIGNAL OUTP. 3.3.1 - 3.3.73.2 DISPLAY 3.2.1 - 3.2.53.0 INSTALL. 3.1 BASIS.PARAM 3.1.1 - 3.1.82.4 FIRMWARE 2.4.1 - 2.4.22.3 SW.OUTP.S 2.3.12.2 CUR.OUTP.I 2.2.1 - 2.2.22.0 TEST 2.1 HARDWARE 2.1.1 - 2.1.31.0 OPERATION 1.1 DISPLAY 1.1.1 - 1.1.3Selection ofsubmenuwith the ↑ keySetting thedata with the→↑↵keysSelection of mainmenu with the ↑key↵↵↵↵Parameter checkand return tomeasuring mode Selection offunction withthe ↑ key→→→→→↵↵↵↵↑↑→↑
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 38 11/00Examples of key functionsThe cursor (flashing part of display) is shown boxed in by dotted lines in the following description.To change numbersIncrease value6 2 7c m ↑63 7c mTo shift cursor (flashing position)Shift to right6 3 7c m →6 3 7c mTo change the textSelect next textL E V E L ↑D I S T A N C ETo change the unit (tank height)Numerical values are converted automaticallySelect next unit6 3 7c m ↑6 3 7 0m mTo revert from unit to number settingChange to number setting6 3 7 0m m 6 3 7 0m mTo revert to function display6 3 7 0m m 3.1.1. T A N K H E I G H T→→↵
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 39 11/008.4 Table of settable functions (Versions 3.00, 3.01, 3.02, 3.03, 4.02, 4.03)Function (Fct.) Enter range Default value Description1.0 OPERATION1.1 DISPLAY1.1.1 FCT.DISP Options LEVELDISTANCECONVERSIONREFLECTIONLEVEL Select function of display(value to be displayed).1.1.2 UNIT.LENGTH Options m cm mminchFtPERCENTBARGRAPHMeter [m] Select unit for value of length to be displayed(level/distance).1.1.3 UNIT. CONV. Options m3lUS GalGB GalFt3bblPERCENTBARGRAPHUSER UNITCubic meter [m3] Select unit for conversion value to be displayed("volume table").2.0 TEST2.1 HARDWARE2.1.1 MASTER Special function Tests the hardware of the master.2.1.2 DISPLAY Special function Tests the hardware of the display.2.1.3 STATUS Options Module DISModule MWDisplays ID-Number and Status Bytes2.2 CUR.OUTP.I2.2.1 VALUE I Value display Displays the actual value of the current output.2.2.2 TEST I Options 2 mA4 mA6 mA8 mA10 mA12 mA14 mA16 mA18 mA20 mA22 mA2 mA Output of selected value to the current output.IMPORTANT !!! With safety inquiry because of directaccess to the current output !!!(Exi = min. 3.6 mA)2.3 SW.OUTPUT2.3.1 TEST S Options OPENCLOSEDOPEN Switching output on/off.IMPORTANT !!! With safety inquiry because of directaccess to the switching output !!!2.4 FIRMWARE2.4.1 MASTER Display Displays the firmware version of the master.2.4.2 DISPLAY Display Displays the firmware version of the display.3.0 INSTALL.3.1 BASIS.PARAM3.1.1 TANKHEIGHT Options, unit m cm mminchFtEnter0.50 [m] ... max. tank heightm10.00 m* / 20.00 m *To input the tank height.The tank height is defined as the vertical distancebetween the bottom edge of the flange and the tankbottom.The unit entered here is also used for all other lengthinputs.3.1.2 BLOCKDIST Enter0.10 [m] ... tank height0.50 m * To input the block distance.The block distance marks the non-measurable rangebelow the bottom edge of the flange.3.1.3 ANTENNA Options STANDARDWAVE STICKSTANDARD * Selection of the antenna type.(WAVE STICK only for BM 70 A)3.1.4 ANT.EXTENS. Enter0.00 [m] ... Tank height0.00 m * To input the length of the antenna extension.3.1.5 DIST.PIECE Enter0 ... 2000 [mm]0 mm * To input the length of the flange distance piece in [mm](high-temperature version = 120 mm).
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 40 11/00Function (Fct.) Enter range Default value Description3.1.6 STILLWELL Options NOYESIf "YES":Enter (restraint)STILLWELL DIA.25 ... 200 [mm]NO100 mmSelect: with or without stilling well.When "YES" selected, the inside diameter of thestilling well is additionally entered in [mm].3.1.7 REF.OFFSET Enter-10.00 ... + 10.00 [m]0.00 m To input the reference offset(relocation of the upper reference point).3.1.8 TB. OFFSET Enter-100.00 ... + 100.00 [m]0.00 m To input the tank bottom offset(relocation of the lower reference point).3.2 DISPLAY3.2.1 FCT.DISP. Options LEVELDISTANCECONVERSIONREFLECTIONLEVEL Select function of the display(value to be displayed).3.2.2 UNIT.LENGTH Options m cm mminchFtPERCENTBARGRAPHMeter [m] Select unit for length value to be displayed(level/distance).The unit selected here is used only for display of lengthvalues.3.2.3 UNIT.CONV. Options m3lUS GalGB GalFt3bblPERCENTBARGRAPHUSER UNITCubic meter [m3] Select unit for conversion values to be displayed("volume table").The unit selected here is used only for display of theconversion value.3.2.4 USER UNIT Text entry10 ASCII characters__________ Input of freely programmable unit for the conversiontable (max. 10 characters).3.2.5 ERROR MSG. Options NOYESYES Select whether error messages are to be shown in thedisplay.3.3 SIGNAL.OUTP.3.3.1 FUNCTION I Options OFFLEVELDISTANCECONVERSIONREFLECTIONSW.OUTP.LEVEL Select function of the current output(measured value to be displayed, orOFF = current output switched off = constant 4 mA).3.3.2 RANGE I Options 4-20 mA/E224-20 mA/E24-20 mA4-20 mA/E22 Select the range for the current output and erroroutput.3.3.3 SCALE 4 mA Enter-200.00 ... +200.00 [m]0.00 ... 99999.99 [m3]0 ... 100 [Refl.]0.00 m0.00 m30Input the lower range value for output to the currentoutput.(Input is dependent on the selected function of thecurrent output. The values for level and distanceinclude the tank bottom and reference offset, resp.).3.3.4 SCALE 20 mA Enter-200.00 ... +200.00 [m]0.00 ... 99999.99 [m3]0 ... 100 [Refl.]10.00 m *10.00 m3100Input of the full-scale range for output to the currentoutput.(Input is dependent on the selected function of thecurrent output. The values for level and distanceinclude the tank bottom and reference offset, resp.).3.3.5 BAUDRATE Options 1200 Bd.2400 Bd.4800 Bd.9600 Bd.19200 Bd.38400 Bd.19200 Bd. * Select the baud rate for the Communication interface(not relevant to HART via current output).(For Fct. 3.3.7 = PROFIBUS-PA or F.FOUND.:deviating options.)3.3.6 ADDRESS Enter 0 ... 255 0 Input of the device address for Communication.(For Fct. 3.3.7 = PROFIBUS-PA or F.FOUND.:deviating input range)3.3.7 PROTOCOL Options HART®KROHNE/PC(MODBUS)(PROFIBUS-PA)(F.FOUND.)HART®Select the Communications protocol.(only when appropriate hardware provided)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 41 11/00Function (Fct.) Enter range Default value Description3.4 USER DATA3.4.1 LANGUAGE Options GB/USA,D, F, I, E, P, SGB/USA * Select language to be used in the display(English, German, French, Italian, Spanish, Portu-guese, Swedish)3.4.2 ENTRY CODE 1 Options NOYESNO Switch the access lockout for the configuration menuon/off.3.4.3 CODE 1 Enter code RRREEEUUU Input of the Entry Code.3.4.4 LOCATION Text BM70A-00BM70P-00Input of a max. 8-character device identifier.3.5 APPLICAT.3.5.1 AUTO TANKH. Special function Automatic determination of the tank height.3.5.2 EMPTY.SPEC. Options OFFONRECORDOFF * Switch the empty-tank spectrum (profile of the emptytank) on/off, or make new recording.3.5.3 TIMECONST. Value1 ... 100 [s] (BM 70 A) 10 ... 100 [s] (BM 70 P)10 s (BM 70 A)30 s (BM 70 P)Input of the time constant for measured-value filtering(low-pass).3.5.4 TRACING.VEL. Value0.01 ... 10.00 [m/Min] (BM 70 A)0.01 ... 1.00 [m/Min] (BM 70 P)0.50 m/min(BM 70 A)0.10 m/min(BM 70 P)Input of the maximum rate of change in the level thatcan occur in operation.3.5.5 MULT.REFL. Options NOYESNO Switch the multi-reflection identifier on/off.3.5.6 BD-DETECT. Options NOYESYES Switch the block distance (overfill) detector on/off.3.5.7 FUNCT. FTB Options OFFPARTIALFULLOFF Select function of the tank bottom tracking system.(FULL for BM 70 A only)3.5.8 EPSILON R Enter1.1000 ... 8.00002.0000 Input of the relative permittivity of the product for thetank bottom tracking system.3.5.9 TANKTYPE Options STORAGE TANKPROC.TANK.AGITATORPROC.TANK. Select the tank type.(AGITATOR for BM 70 A only)3.6 SW.OUTP.S.3.6.1 FUNCTION S Options OFFLEVELDISTANCECONVERSIONREFLECTIONERROR OPENERROR CLOSEDERROR OPEN Select the function of the switching output.3.6.2 TYPE S Option HIGHLOWHIGH Select type of limit value for the switching output.(not applicable to Function OFF, ERROR OPEN orERROR CLOSED)3.6.3 THRESHOLD Value-200.00 ... +200.00 [m]0.00 ... 99999.99 [m3]0 ... 100 [Refl.]5.00 m5.00 m350Input of the threshold value for the switching output.(Input is dependent on the function of the switchingoutput. The values for level and distance include thetank bottom and reference offset, resp.)3.6.4 HYSTERESIS Value0.00 [m] ... Tank height0.00 ... 99999.99 [m3]0 ... 100 [Refl.]0.10 m0.10 m310Input of the hysteresis for the switching output.(Input is dependent on the function of the switchingoutput.)*: Default values following a parameter reset (use of a new EEPROM not yet described).The factory setting for the parameters marked with * is dependent upon the device version and customer specifications (if the tank height is known at the time the order is placed).
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 42 11/008.5 Configuration examples8.5.1 Level measurement (example)Tank height (Fct. 3.1.1): 6.00 mAntenna extension (Fct. 3.1.4): 0.20 mBlock distance (Fct. 3.1.2): 0.70 mResponse threshold or maximum measurable level = 5.30 m (calculated from lower reference point)= tank height - block distance (Fct. 3.1.1) (Fct. 3.1.2)= 6.00 m - 0.70 mCurrent output I Function I (Fct 3.3.1): LEVELRange I (Fct. 3.3.2): 4 - 20 mAScaling 4 mA (Fct. 3.3.3): 0.00 m, equivalent to 4 mAScaling 20 mA (Fct. 3.3.4): 5.00 m, equivalent to 20 mASwitching output Function S (Fct. 3.6.1): LEVELType S (Fct. 3.6.2): LOW (= below threshold)Threshold (Fct. 3.6.3): 5.00 mHysteresis (Fct. 3.6.4) 0.10 mDisplay Function, display (Fct. 3.2.1): LEVELUnit, length (Fct. 3.2.2): m (meters)Please note Display and outputs can also be used for different measured variables,e.g.: display for conversion, current output I for level, and switchingoutput S for error messages.The value for Scaling 20 mA should not be greater than the responsethreshold.Sumpnon-measurablezonetank height (Fct. 3.1.1)Fct. 3.1.4upper reference point(top edge of tank connecting flange)block distance (Fct. 3.1.2)responsecurrent output20mAImax(Fct. 3.3.4)4Imin(Fct. 3.3.3)lower reference point(tank bottom / datum point)++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Fct. 3.1.5thresholdmeasuringmArange
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 43 11/008.5.2 Volume measurement (example)•In order to be able to measure volume withthe BM 70 A/P, a conversion table (volumetable) needs to be compiled with the PC-CAT program (see Sect. 8.12).•By means of the volume table, variouslevels are allocated to specific volumespreviously calculated or measured out.•In the case of non-sy mmetrical tanks, e.g.tanks with dished bottom, the accuracy ofvolume measurement will depend on thenumber of set "level/volume pairs". Themaximum number of pairs (points) that canbe set is 50; the volume is linearlydetermined (interpolated) between 2 points.•In the following example, 4 data pairs havebeen progra mmed.Volume table Unit volume (Fct. 3.2.3): m3Set table (PC-CAT): Point Level Volumen0.00 m 0.25 m³o0.25 m 0.70 m³p0.50 m 1.40 m³q5.30 m 16.80 m³Tank height (Fct. 3.1.1): 6.00 mAntenna extension (Fct. 3.1.6): 0.20 mBlock distance (Fct. 3.1.2): 0,70 mResponse threshold, maximum measurable level = 5.30 m, equivalent to a volume of 16.80 m ³(calculated from lower reference point)= tank height - block distance (Fct. 3.1.1) (Fct. 3.1.2)= 6,00 m - 0,70 mCurrent output I Function I (Fct 3.3.1): CONVERSIONRange I (Fct. 3.3.2): 4 - 20 mAScaling 4 mA (Fct. 3.3.3): 0.00 m3 , corresponds to 4 mAScaling 20 mA (Fct. 3.3.4): 16.80 m3 , corresponds to 20 mASwitching output Function S (Fct. 3.6.1): LEVELType S (Fct. 3.6.2): LOW (=if level drops below threshold)Threshold(Fct. 3.6.3): 5.00 mHysteresis (Fct. 3.6.4) 0.10 mDisplay Function, display (Fct. 3.2.1): CONVERSION Unit, conversion (Fct. 3.2.2): m3 (cubic meter)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 44 11/008.6 Description of functions8.6.1 Choice of unitsLevel/distance unitsSelect under Fct. 3.1.1 TANKHEIGHT•m• cm • mm•inch • FtThe unit selected here is also valid for the followingfunctions:- Block distance Fct. 3.1.2- Antenna extension, Fct. 3.1.4- Scaling 4 mA value, current output, Fct. 3.3.3- Scaling 20 mA value, current output, Fct. 3.3.4- Range for partial tank bottom tracing, Fct. 3.5.2- Threshold (limit value), switching output, Fct. 3.6.3- Hysteresis, switching output, Fct. 3.6.4- Tracking speed, Fct. 3.5.4(in m/min when Fct.3.1.1 = m, cm or mmor in ft/min when Fct.3.1.1 = inch or ft)The Fct. 3.2.2 (length unit for display) can be setindependently of the unit selected under Fct. 3.1.1.Conversion unitsBy conversion is meant the transposition of an arbitrarylevel value into a "conversion value" (usually volume), soas, for example, to realize a non-linear function as a factorof the level.Options under Fct. 3.2.3 UNIT.CONV.•m³ zl ( = litres)•US Gal zGB Gal (Gal = gallons)•Ft3 zbbl (petroleum barrels)The unit selected here is also valid for the followingfunctions:- Scaling 4 mA value, current output, Fct. 3.3.3- Scaling 20 mA value, current output, Fct. 3.3.4- Threshold (limit value), switching output, Fct. 3.6.3- Hysteresis, switching output, Fct. 3.6.4•Display range:0.00 - 30000.00 m30 - 9999999 Liter0 - 7925161 US Gal0 - 6599265 GB Gal0.0 - 999999.9 Ft30.0 - 99999.9 bbl (petroleum barrel)Note: When the display is set to Liter, ft³ or Barrel, it ispossible that the max. volume will no longer be shown.In such cases, the special symbol " == " is displayed anda change possibly made to a different unit. The currentoutput will in any case output the correct value.Conversion measurement requires that a conversion tablebe set with the PC-CAT program. By means of this table aconversion value is allocated to each level value (level /conversion pairs). The values are linearly established(interpolated) between 2 points.Also, for the local display an arbitrary (max. 10-character)text (Fct. 3.2.4) can be defined as a unit under Fct. 3.2.4.Internally, this "user unit" is treated in the conversion in thesame way as " m³ ".Examples of application and setting: see Sect. 8.5Reflection unitsThe measuring range for "reflection" has a fixed setting of0...100 (whole numbers). The "reflection" measured valueis a relative measure of the strength of the reflected signal,converted into an exponential scale: each number step isapproximately equivalent to a change by 0.4 dB; in otherwords, about 8 steps signify a doubling of the signalstrength. At full reflection, a value of approx. 90...100 ismeasured.Where measuring distances are greater, the naturalweakening of the signal is automatically allowed for in themeasured value (does not apply to stilling wells, i.e. whenFct. 3.1.6 = YES).The measured reflection can be regarded as being ameasure of the reflectivity of a product.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 45 11/00HAVBDO-Ref (+)O-TB (+)DSO-RefO-TBHAVBD- Antenna extensionFct. 3.1.1 [0.00 m ... max. tank height]Fct. 3.1.4 [0.00 m ... Tank height]Fct. 3.1.2 [0.10 m ... Tank height]Fct. 3.1.7 [ -10.00 ... + 10.00 m]Fct. 3.1.8 [ -100.00 ... + 100.00 m]DS Fct. 3.1.5 [0 ... 2000 mm]Bottom edge of flangeProduct surfacedatum plane for distanceLeveltank bottomdistance- tank height- block distance- distance piece- reference offset- tank bottom offsetdatum plane for level8.6.2 Vessel (tank) heightFct. 3.1.1 TANKHEIGHT•Definition of the tank height for the BM 70 A/P:Distance between the top edge of the tank fitting andthe lower reference point.•The lower reference point is that "point" in the vesselon which the microwaves emitted by the BM 70 A/Pimpinge and from which they are reflected. This can bethe tank bottom (sy mmetrical tank with flat bottom) orthe non-horizontal part of the bottom (e.g. tank withdished bottom) or an additionally fitted plate. TheBM 70 A/P cannot measure below the lower referencepoint (usually a "sump" is left in the tank, see diagramin Sect. 8.5).•Selection of unit, see Sect. 8.6.1.•Setting ranges for the tank height BM 70 A (standard):• 00.50 - 40.00 m• 0050 - 4000 cm• 00500 - 40000 mm• 0019.7 - 1574.74 inch• 001.64 - 131.22 ftFor BM 70 P: max. 35m / 1377.9 inch / 114.8 ft•Depending on the version, it is also possible to set anupper limit for the tank height (e.g. Wave-Stick: 20 m).The maximum value can be increased by KROHNEService to up to 100 m. (For BM 70 A only)•The tank height set at this point is simultaneously theupper limit of the setting ranges for the followingfunctions:- Block distance, Fct. 3.1.2- Antenna extension, Fct. 3.1.4- Hysteresis, switching output, Fct. 3.6.4•If the tank height is changed to a value greater than 30m, a new empty spectrum must subsequently berecorded, see Sect. 8.6.12. (not applicable to BM 70P).8.6.3 Block distance, antenna type and antennaextensionFct. 3.1.2 BLOCKDIST•Caked deposits or contamination of the antenna, forexample, can cause faulty measurements directlybelow the antenna. The function "block distance" isused to specify a zone below the flange in whichmeasurements are not to be carried out.•Signals within the block distance are suppressed; arise in the level above this limit will result in ameasurement corresponding to a distance = blockdistance, when Fct. 3.5.6 BD-DETECT = ON.•Unit and setting range: same as Fct. 3.1.1TANKHEIGHT.•Recommended minimum value (see also Sect. 3.3): - for "Wave-Stick": 200 mm - for stilling wells and "Wave-Stick SW": antenna length + 300 mm - all other versions in storage tanks: antenna extension + antenna length + 100 mm - all other versions in process tanks: antenna extension + antenna length + 200 mmFct. 3.1.3 ANTENNA•The antenna type is factory-set here.•STANDARD (all versions incl. "Wave-Stick SW" butexcl. "Wave-Stick")•WAVESTICK (not for "Wave-Stick SW")•BM 70 P: only STANDARD setting possible.Fct. 3.1.4 ANT.EXTENS.The length of the supplied antenna extension is factory-sethere.•Unit and setting range: same as Fct. 3.1.1TANKHEIGHT.This setting may only be changed when a longer or shorterantenna extension is installed. Otherwise faulty measure-ments may result because the BM 70 A/P allows for thislength when measuring. After changing any antennaextension, record a new empty spectrum, see Sect. 8.6.12.When a curved antenna extension is used, only thevertical component (vertical offset) should be enteredhere.Example (S-shaped extension): Fct. 3.1.4 = 323 mm.323 mm300 mm(Fct. 3.1.4)(Fct. 3.1.5)8.6.4 Distance pieceFct. 3.1.5 DIST.PIECEThe length of any supplied distance piece above themounting flange is factory-set here.•Setting range: 0 ... 2000 mm•Default value: 0 mmThe value of 120 mm should be entered for the high-temperature version of the flange system.When a curved antenna extension is used, the horizontalcomponent of this extension should additionally be entered(= geometric length of the pipe minus the vertical offset).Example (see drawing above): Fct. 3.1.5 = 300 mm.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 46 11/008.6.5 Stilling wellFct. 3.1.6 STILLWELLIf the device is operated with a stilling well, the optionStilling well = YES and the inside diameter of the pipeshould be entered here in mm.•NO : operation without stilling well•YES : operation with stilling wellIf YES has been selected, proceed with ↵ and enter theinside diameter:•Setting range: 25 ... 200 mm•Default value: 100 mmIf the diameter of the stilling well is greater than 200 mm,enter the maximum value = 200 mm.8.6.6 Reference and tank bottom offsetsFct 3.1.7 REF. OFFSETAn arbitrary reference offset is added to the measureddistance (positive when the reference point is above theflange; negative when the reference point is below theflange): see Example 1 below. The offset is effective for alldistance values (local display, current output, switchingoutput, digital information).•Setting range: -10 m ... +10 m (32.8 ft)•Default value: 0Fct 3.1.8 TB.OFFSETAn arbitrary tank bottom offset is added to the measuredlevel (positive, when the reference point is below the settank height; negative, when the reference point is abovethe tank bottom): see Examples 2 and 3. The offset actson all level values (local display, current output, switchingoutput, conversion table, digital information).• Setting range: -99.99 m ... +99.99 m (328 ft)• Default value: 0Examples of setting the reference offset and tankbottom offset:Example 1: Reference point for distance measurement(ullage) differs from flange position (in the example, 1 mabove the flange). Let the tank height be H = 6 m.H = 6mBM 70 Reference pointReference planefor distance measuringRO = 1m"Ullage"7mBlock-distanceInput the following parameters:Tank height = 6 mReference offset = + 1 mTank bottom offset = 0The possible measuring range is:Distance = (1 m + block distance) to 7 m.Example 2: Reference point for level measurement differsfrom the progra mmed tank bottom position (in theexample, 2 m below the tank bottom). Let the tank heightbe H = 6 m.H = 6mBM 70 Reference pointReference planefor level measurement8mTank bottomTBO = 2mBlock-distanceLevelInput the following parameters:Tank height = 6 mTank bottom offset = + 2 mReference offset = 0The possible measuring range is:Level = 2 m to (8 m - block distance).Example 3: Only a specific part of the level in a very talltank is to be measured (in the example, levels 50m ...60m).10m60mtank bottomTBO =50mprogrammedBlockdistanceBM 70 Reference pointLevelReference planefor level measurementInput the following parameters:Tank height = 10 mTank bottom offset = + 50 mReference offset = 0The possible measuring range is:Level = 50 m to (60 m - block distance).
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 47 11/008.6.7 DisplayFct. 3.2.1 (or Fct. 1.1.1) FCT.DISP.This function is used to select the measuredvariable.•LEVEL•DISTANCE•CONVERSION•REFLECTION }Measuring range, see Figure inSect. 8.5.If the conversion value is to be displayed, a conver-sion table must be progra mmed first otherwise aparameter error will occur.Fct. 3.2.2 (or Fct. 1.1.2) UNIT.LENGTHUse this function to select the unit for displaying level anddistance.•m • cm • mm•inch • Ft•PERCENT • BARGRAPHThe "percent display" refers to the scaling range of currentoutput I. Therefore the current output must also be set tolevel or distance, otherwise a parameter error will occur.Under "Bargraph", a maximum of 25 segments aredisplayed in the form of vertical lines in the first line of thedisplay (0% = 1 segment, 100% = 25 segments).Fct. 3.2.3 (or Fct. 1.1.3) UNIT.CONV.Use this function to select the unit for conversion display.•m3 zlitres•US Gal z GB Gal (Gal = gallons)•ft3 z bbl (petroleum barrels)•PERCENT zBARGRAPH•User Unit (see Fct. 3.2.4)The "percent display" refers to the scaling range of currentoutput I. Therefore the current output must also be set toconversion, otherwise a parameter error will occur.Under "Bargraph" in the first line of the display amaximum of 25 segments as vertical lines are displayed(0% = 1 segment, 100% = 25 segments).Fct. 3.2.4 USER UNITEnter the text for the conversion "user unit" (see Fct. 3.2.3)here. It consists of a maximum of 10 alphanumericcharacters.•Characters assignable to each of the 10 places:alpha characters A-Z / a-znumbers 0-9 orspecial signs + -blank characters (= underscore)Fct. 3.2.5 ERROR MSG.Use this function to select whether errors are to bedisplayed during measurement.•NO Error messages shown only in the error list,see Sect. 8.8•YES When errors occur during measurement,displayof the measured value will alternate with errormessages.8.6.8 Current output IFct. 3.3.1. FUNCTION IUse this function to select the measured variable.•OFF (= deactivated, the output supplies a constant 4mA, e.g. necessary for HART® Multidrop; Fct. 3.3.2 to3.3.4 cannot then be selected, i.e. they are skippedover).•LEVEL•DISTANCE•CONVERSION•REFLECTION•SW.OUTP. (function and switching threshold are set inFct. 3.6).Fct. 3.3.2 RANGE IUse this function to define the current in error condition.E = Error at 2 mA or 22 mA.•4-20 mA (hold last measured value when error occurs)•4-20 mA/E=2 (min. 3.6 mA for Ex-i output!)•4-20 mA/E=22Fct. 3.3.3 SCALE 4 mA•This function does not appear (is skipped over) when"OFF" is set under Fct. 3.3.1.•This function is used for Imin = 4 mA to define thelower value for level, distance, conversion or reflection(scaling 4 mA).•Setting LEVEL or DISTANCE under Fct. 3.3.1:Setting range and unit for SCALE 4 mA same as forFct. 3.1.1 TANKHEIGHT. If a reference or tank bottomoffset is set, this must be allowed for!•Setting CONVERSION under Fct. 3.3.1:Unit for SCALE 4 mA same as in Fct. 3.2.3UNIT.CONV. But value must be smaller than the maxi-mum value in the conversion table.•Setting REFLECTION under Fct. 3.3.1:The setting range for SCALE 4 mA is 0...99.Fct. 3.3.4 SCALE 20 mA•This function does not appear (is skipped over) when"OFF" is set under Fct. 3.3.1.•This function is used für I max = 20 mA to define theupper value for level, distance, conversion or reflection(scaling 20 mA)•Setting LEVEL or DISTANCE under Fct. 3.3.1:Setting range and unit for SCALE 20 mA as for Fct.3.3.1 TANKHEIGHT. The value set here should not begreater than the response threshold. (Responsethreshold = tank height (Fct. 3.1.1) - block distance(Fct. 3.1.2)). If a reference or a tank bottom offset isset, this must be allowed for!•Setting CONVERSION under Fct. 3.3.1:Unit for SCALE 20 mA same as in Fct. 3.2.3UNIT.CONV. The value set here must be greater thanthat of Fct. 3.3.3, otherwise error during ParameterCheck.•Setting REFLECTION under Fct. 3.3.1: The setting range for I max = 20 mA is 1...100. The value set here must be greater than that of Fct.3.3.3, otherwise error during Parameter Check.Application and setting examples: see Sect. 8.5
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 48 11/008.6.9 Communication interfacesFct. 3.3.5 BAUDRATE•This function defines the transmission rate for RS 485Communication.• 1200 Bd. • 2400 Bd. • 4800 Bd.• 9600 Bd. • 19200 Bd. • 38400 Bd.Default value = 19200 bauds•For devices with PROFIBUS-PA (Ex-i) output the valuehas been set to 31250 bauds. and cannot be changed.•The value set here is not relevant for digitalCommunication via the current output (e.g. HART®).For this, 1200 bauds are on principle processed,independent of the setting in Fct. 3.3.5!Fct. 3.3.6 ADDRESS•This function is used for entering valid addresses from0 to 255 (PROFIBUS: 0 to 126).•If several devices are operated on one digital bus orvia HART®-Multidrop, each device must be set to anindividual address under which it can then beaddressed in the bus.•The default value is the address "0".Fct. 3.3.7 PROTOCOLThe following Communications protocols are available:HART®:The HART®protocol is a Communications protocol of the"HART® Communication Foundation". In addition to the"universal commands" and "common practice commands"there are "device-specific commands" for access to allparameters and functions of the BM 70 A/P. In additionthere is the "device description" (DD) for BM 70 A/P, whichcan be used for universal HART® control units, such as theHART® Communicator or SIPROM.The standard hardware platform for HART® is the currentoutput 4-20 mA with superimposed FSK signals. ForHART®-Multidrop (max. 15 devices on one bus), theversion with Ex-i current output, set to a constant 4 mA(Fct. 3.3.1 = OFF) should be selected.KROHNE/PC (KROHNE protocol):The standard Communications protocol between theBM 70 A/P and the evaluation system is the standardizedKROHNE protocol, which allows all dynamic values andsetting parameters to be read and changed. If the BM 70A/P is connected to existing user systems, this protocolmust be applied to such systems. The protocol can alsobe used when the BM 70 A/P is connected to the KROHNETank Inventory System. For further information, pleaseask for the "BM70A/P PC Communication" description.MODBUS:(not yet included in V. 3.00/3.01/4.00)The Modbus protocol constitutes a quasi-standard forlinking to progra mmable logic controls (PLC) and othersystems. The BM 70 A/P uses the Modbus RTU Protocolwith extended facilities to permit access to all dynamicvalues and setting parameters. For further information,please ask for the "BM70A/P Modbus" description.PROFIBUS-PA:(special signal output required)The PROFIBUS-PA is defined and standardized in DIN19245, Parts 1 and 2. A large number of devices withPROFIBUS-PA capability are available on the market. TheBM 70 A/P is easy to connect to such bus systems; it hasa purely slave function and allows access to all dynamicvalues and to setting parameters. The hardware interfacewe use is the intrinsically safe bus interface.For further information, please ask for the "BM70A/PPROFIBUS-PA" description.F.FOUND.:(special signal output required)Bus interface in conformity with the "Foundation Fieldbus"(FF). For further information, please ask for the "BM70A/PFoundation Fieldbus " description.- in preparation -
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 49 11/008.6.10 DisplayLanguage of display textsA choice of languages for the display texts is offered inFct. 3.4.1.•GB/USA English yE Spanish (Español)•D German yP Portuguese•F French yS Swedish•I ItalianCoding desired for entry into setting level?Set NO or YES in Fct. 3.4.2 ENTRY.CODE1.•If NO set, simply press key → to get into the settinglevel.•If YES set, press key → and then a 9-keystroke combi-nation to get into the setting level.•Factory-set Entry Code 1:→→→↵↵↵↑↑↑•To change Entry Code 1Select Fct. 3.4.2 ENTRY CODE 1: set to YES.Select Fct. 3.4.3 CODE 1.Press key → , display shows: CODE 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __Key-in required 9-keystroke combination; each key-stroke confirmed by "*". Then press the samekeystroke combination again. "WRONG CODE"(= incorrect entry) appears if 1st and 2nd entries arenot equal.Press keys ↵ and → and repeat entries.Take good note of the selected entry code!Measuring-point identification (tag name)•A max. 8-figure tag name can be set under Fct. 3.4.4LOCATION (e.g. L123 A53)•Characters assignable to each of the 8 places:alpha characters A-Z / a-z; numbers 0-9;special signs: + - ; blanks (= underscore character)Factory setting: BM70A-00 or BM70P-008.6.11 Auto tank heightFCT. 3.5.1 AUTO TANKH.With this function the height of the tank can be determinedby the BM 70 A/P itself, provided the following conditionsare met:•The tank has been completely drained for at least 2minutes.•The tank bottom has good reflectivity (not suitable fordished and tapered bottoms without reference plate).•The functions Fct. 3.1.3 (antenna), Fct. 3.1.4(extension), Fct. 3.1.5 (distance piece) and Fct. 3.1.6(stilling well) must previously have been correctly set.•If the tank is taller than 30 m, the approximate tankheight must previously be set manually with Fct. 3.1.1,as otherwise the measuring range will not suffice tolocate the bottom.After pressing the → key the display shows the currentlymeasured value for the tank height. Press key ↵; theinquiry "SURE NO" now appears. If you are not surewhether the measured value coincides with the true tankheight, reject the value by pressing key ↵.If the measured value seems plausible for the tank heightand you wish to store it, change the option to "SURE YES"by pressing key ↑, and then press key ↵.If the message: NO MEAS.VAL. appears, this means thatthe quality of measurement is not adequate (inadequatebottom reflection or too many interferences) for automaticdetermination of the tank height. Press key ↵ to abort theoperation. In this case you will need to enter the tankheight manually with Fct. 3.1.1.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 50 11/008.6.12 Empty spectrumWhat is an empty spectrum ?•Fixed and moving internals in the tank (includingperhaps the tank wall) produce interference signals(reflections) that can result in incorrect measurements.•To enable the BM 70 A/P to identify and blank out suchinterference signals, the tank profile (empty spectrum)needs to be recorded once only prior to (initial) startup.•For this purpose, the tank should if possible becompletely empty and all moving parts (e.g. agitators)switched on. If these conditions cannot be met duringstartup, the tank profile (empty spectrum) can also berecorded at a later time. Until it is recorded, however,measurements may be inaccurate.•Recording of the tank profile involves 1000measurements that are carried out by the BM 70 A/Pand stored in the form of a so-called "empty spectrum".•This allows the BM 70 A/P to discriminate betweenconstant or regularly recurring interference signals andthe actually useful or wanted signals (level). Inter-ference signals are suppressed and only the usefulsignal is processed.•If no appreciable interference from internals is to beexpected, recording of the empty spectrum can also beomitted, because a partial empty spectrum (see below)of the flange system has been stored by the factory.Recording of the empty spectrum (sequence, example)Key Displayed Description→2 x ↑→4 x ↑→↑→↑↵↑↵↑↵↵↵4 x ↵1.03.03.13.53.5.23.5.2OPERATIONINSTALL.BASIS.PARAM.APPLICAT.EMPTY.SPEC.ONRECORDAVERAGEMAX. VALUESTOTALPARTIAL40000 mmWAIT1000...0READYEMPTY.SPECT.If "9 underscores" now shown,key in the 9-keystroke EntryCode 1.Partial empty spectrum alreadyrecorded by factoryFactory-set is here AVERAGE(= normal empty spectrum).This setting is suitable for mostapplications (possible alternative)Recording of the emptyspectrum over the full range.If the tank cannot be drainedover the full rangeEnter distance value down towhich the empty spectrum is tobe recorded.Empty spectrum beingrecorded.Duration: approx. 1.5 minutes.Countdown is from "1000" to"0".After 1.5 minutes.Tank profile recorded.Revert to measuring mode withdisplay of actual level,distance or conversion.Empty spectrum is nowstored and will be takeninto consideration formeasurements.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 51 11/00FCT. 3.5.2 EMPTY.SPEC.Under this function the empty spectrum is activated ordeactivated, or recorded and stored. The display first givesinformation as to whether the empty spectrum is currentlyswitched ON or OFF. You can then choose between:•OFF: The empty spectrum is not considered formeasurements but remains stored in the BM 70 A/Pand can be activated again at a later date.•ON: The empty spectrum is (again) activated andconsidered for measurements.•RECORD: The previous empty spectrum is to bedeleted and a new one recorded.Conditions:- Tank must be totally or partially drained.- All moving parts, e.g. agitators, must be switched on.- Tank height, antenna extension, distance piece and still well must be set correctly.Note: where a Wave-Stick is involvedDue to an error in Firmware Version 3.00, before theempty spectrum can be re-recorded, parameter 3.1.3ANTENNA (see Section 8.6.3) must first be set toSTANDARD and then set to WAVE-STICK after the emptyspectrum recording has been made. If these directions arenot observed, the "SPECT.ERR" error will be indicated,and the recording will need to be carried out again (cor-rectly). This error has been rectified in subsequent firm-ware version (V. 3.01 and higher), and the empty tankspectrum can be recorded in the usual way for the Wave-Stick.When you select "RECORD", the procedure is as follows:If other configuration parameters have previously beenchanged, you will first be asked by "STORE YES" whetheryou wish to store the data. Confirm by pressing key ↵.The next step is a choice of the following:•AVERAGEValues are averaged. This setting can be used formost applications.•MAX. VALUESOnly maximum values considered when the emptyspectrum is recorded.Of advantage in conjunction with "difficult" agitators,for example.If the tank is not completely drained, the empty tankspectrum can nevertheless still be recorded up to a certainrange. In this case, select menu item PARTIAL.•After selecting AVERAGE or maX. VALUES, press key↵. Then select PARTIAL or TOTAL with key ↑, asfollows.•If TOTAL selected, the empty-tank spectrum isrecorded over the complete range.•If PARTIAL selected, interrogation is carried out via the↵ key concerning input of the distance value up towhich the empty-tank spectrum shall be recorded.•The tank area below the current product level isexcluded from the recording of the empty-tank spec-trum.•The distance value is entered in the same unit as usedfor the tank height, in the range of 0 m to tank height.•It is recommended to maintain a safe distance of 20 to30 cm (8" to 12") to the actual distance.Subsequently press key ↵ to start recording of the empty-tank spectrum."WAIT" appears briefly in the display. Then countdown ofmeasurements from "1000" to "0". "READY" is displayedafter approx. 1.5 Minutes.Press ↵ key 5 times to store the empty spectrum, whichwill then be taken into consideration duringmeasurements.Recording of the empty spectrum can be aborted bypressing key ↵ . Displayed: BREAK. Confirm by pressingkey ↵ .The "old" empty spectrum is retained in this case.8.6.13 Time constant and tracking speedFct. 3.5.3 TIMECONST.•New measured values are damped (filtered) with thetime constant so as to avoid abrupt changes inmeasured values and thus also in the current output Iand the display.•Setting range: 001 - 100 Sec (BM 70 A) 010 - 100 Sec (BM 70 P)•The tank bottom must supply a measurable reflectionsignal, so the method cannot be applied e.g. when adished bottom is involved.•Default value and recommended setting:010 Sec (BM 70 A)030 Sec (BM 70 P)Fct. 3.5.4 TRACING.VEL.To avoid faulty measurements, the BM 70 A/P places a symmetrical "plausibility range" around the last validmeasured value in which the next measured value isexpected. Measured values outside this range are identi-fied as invalid and are suppressed.If no valid measured value is identified, the BM 70 A/Penlarges the plausibility range with the tracing speed (Fct.3.5.4) until a valid (plausible) measured value has againbeen found.The measured value for level/distance cannot change at afaster rate than the set tracing speed.•Under Fct. 3.5.4 the maximum rate at which the levelcan change in the tank should be set as the minimumvalue.•Setting ranges:BM 70 A0.01 - 10.00 m/min (if Fct. 3.1.1. Unit m/ cm/ mm)0.03 - 32.80 ft/min (if Fct. 3.1.1. Unit inch/ft)BM 70 P0.01 - 1.00 m/min (if Fct. 3.1.1. Unit m/ cm/ mm)0.03 - 3.28 ft/min (if Fct. 3.1.1. Unit inch/ft)•Default: 0.5 m/min (BM 70 A); 0.1 m/min (BM 70 P)•See also Sect. 8.8 (error message: NO M.VALUE)8.6.14 Multiple reflections and block distancedetectionFct. 3.5.5 MULT.REFL.Multiple reflections frequently occur in storage tanks withan extremely calm surface, typically when the BM 70 A/Pis mounted on a dome or centred on a "dished cover", orthe vessel is fitted with a flat or only very slightly convexhead.Such multiple reflections tend to simulate lower-than-actual levels. In such cases, activate the multiplereflections identifier, and see also references in Sect. 8.8.•NO (default)Measurement without identification of multiplereflections.•YESMeasurement with identification of multiple reflections.A better solution, however, is to change the mountinglocation of the BM 70 A/P so as to prevent the occurrenceof multiple reflections in the first place, or at least todiminish the strength of the multiple reflections (see Sect.6.1.2).To ensure satisfactory identification of the first measuredvalue after the BM 70 A/P has been switched on, alwayscarry out measurements with the "empty spectrum" (Fct.3.5.2) when the "multiple reflection identifier" is activated,see Sect. 8.6.12.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 52 11/00Fct 3.5.6 BD-DETECT.•NO•YES (default)To activate the block distance (overfill) detector:So long as a significant signal is detected within the blockdistance, the measured value is "held" at the blockdistance limit. This avoids any possibility of the measuredvalue skipping to a multiple reflection should the level riseinto the block distance range.The block distance can have a value that is at least equalto that specified in Sect. 8.6.3 as a recommendation! marker 6 in the display indicates when the block distancedetector is active. If the measured value skips (e.g.contamination of the antenna) erroneously to the blockdistance limit, the BD-DETECT should be deactivated.8.6.15 Tank bottom tracing systemDescription•The BM 70 A/P firmware includes an additionalfunction for measuring in tanks with poorly reflecting(i.e. relative permittivity εR↑ 3) yet non-absorbingproducts. This function is designated "tank bottomtracing" (abbreviated to FTB) and utilizes the apparentshift of the tank bottom signal resulting from differentmicrowave propagation rates in the air and in the tankproduct.•It is necessary that the tank bottom is reflecting.Therefore this method is not applicable e.g. in tankswith a conical bottom.•This requires that the relative permittivity εR of the tankproduct be as exact as possible. (This parameter canalso be determined by a KROHNE Service technicianfrom the recording of a tank filling or draining operationwith the user program (see Sect. 8.12). The level in thetank should in this case change over the largestpossible range.)•When measurements are taken with activated FTB, anexpectancy range for the measured value is deter-mined on the basis of the shifted tank bottom signal,and inaccuracy of the εR value of ± 10% is taken intoconsideration. If no evaluable measuring signal isobtained within this range, a substitute measured valueis calculated direct from the tank bottom signal. Thisfeature of the FTB even allows measurement in tankswithout a direct useful signal, provided the tank bottomremains visible for the microwaves through theproduct.•Since the exact position of the tank bottom must beknown for this process, it is advisable when using theFTB to determine the tank height automatically with acompletely empty tank, using Fct. 3.5.1, see Sect.8.6.11.•It needs to be borne in mind that, when measuring withthe substitute measured value determined by way ofthe tank bottom signal, measuring accuracy willdecrease by the factor (√εR - 1)! For a εR of 2.25, accu-racy decreases by one-half, i.e. the possible deviationwill double; if εR is only 1.56, accuracy decreases toone-quarter.•With BM 70 P: when the (Partical) tank bottom tracingsystem is used, the maximum measuring range isapprox. 10% smaller, i.e. max. tank height = 31.5 m !The tank bottom tracing system is operated by way of Fct.3.5.7 and Fct. 3.5.8.Fct. 3.5.7 FUNCT. FTBThe tank bottom tracing system is activated under thisfunction:•OFFThe FTB is deactivated; the device operates in thestandard mode.•PARTIALWhen this option has been selected, the tank bottomtracing system is activated only in the vicinity of thetank bottom, i.e. at low levels (max. 20% of the tankheight but a minimum of 0.6 m). Given higher levels,the normal measuring method is used (reflection fromthe product surface). This method is sufficient for mostapplications with poorly reflecting products.The parameter EPSILON R (Fct. 3.5.8) must be asexact as possible.•FULL ( for BM 70 A only)When this option is selected, the tank bottom tracingsystem is activated over the total measuring range(tank height). For tank heights above 16 m, however,measuring accuracy is additionally affected.The parameter EPSILON R (Fct. 3.5.8) must be asexact as possible.Fct. 3.5.8 EPSILON RUse this function to enter the relative permittivity.•Allowable input range: 1.1000 - 8.0000•Default: 2.0000Enter the figure of 2.0000 if the relative permittivity is notknown, as numerous products have a εR value ≈ 2.However, expect reduced measuring accuracy and/orskipping of the measured value on changeover from tankbottom tracing to the normal measuring mode (=evaluation of reflection from the product surface), seefollowing diagram:timetoo lowcorrecttoo highEPSILON Rexample of a tank fillinglevel
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 53 11/008.6.16 Tank type, movement of product surfaceFor optimum results, data acquisition and evaluation mustbematched to typical tank characteristics: movement ofthe product surface, rapid or slow changes in the productlevel, agitators, etc.Fct. 3.5.9 TANKTYPE•STORAGE T.Storage tank, still surface, slowrate of change in level•PROC.TANKProcess tank, slight surface movement, rapid rate of change in level•AGITATOR (for BM 70 A only)Process tank with agitator, turbulent product surfaceIt is normally not critical if the tank type is set one stepout. However, "AGITATOR" should not be set for a storagetank, and "STORAGE T." should not be set when anagitator is fitted.It is possible, for instance, that the measured value willchange in small steps rather than linearly or will "freeze" attimes when the setting is grossly incorrect.8.6.17 Switching outputThe functions for the switching output can be applied to:a) the additional switching output in the Version "Ex-e orEx-i current output HART®", orb) the current output if Fct. 3.3.1 FUNCTION I is set to"SW.OUTP.".Fct. 3.6.1. FUNCTION SUse this function to select the measured variable.•OFF (= deactivated; Fct. 3.6.2, 3.6.3 and 3.6.4 are nolonger selectable, i.e. they are skipped over).•LEVEL•DISTANCE•CONVERSION•REFLECTION•ERROR OPEN (default)•ERROR CLOSED(Explanatory notes: see Table overleaf)Fct. 3.6.2. TYPE S•This function is not shown (is skipped over) when OFFor ERROR OPEN or ERROR CLOSED is set underFct. 3.6.1. Not significant is this case!•Use this function to set the type of switching output:HIGH (= contact closes when upper limit of threshold+ hysteresis / 2) exceededLOW (= contact closes when lower limit of threshold -hysteresis / 2) exceeded.Fct. 3.6.3 THRESHOLD•This function is not shown (is skipped over) when OFF,ERROR OPEN or ERROR CLOSED is set under Fct.3.6.1. Not significant in this case!•Use this function to define the threshold (limit value).•Setting of LEVEL or DISTANCE under Fct. 3.6.1:Unit same as for Fct. 3.1.1 TANKHEIGHT. If a refe-rence or tank bottom offset is set, this must be takeninto consideration!•Setting: CONVERSION under Fct. 3.6.1:Unit same as in Fct. 3.2.3 UNIT.CONV.•Setting: REFLECTION under Fct. 3.6.1:Setting range : 0...100.Fct. 3.6.4 HYSTERESIS•This function is not shown (is skipped over) when OFF,ERROR OPEN or ERROR CLOSED is set under Fct.3.6.1. Not significant in this case!•Use this function to define the hysteresis.•Setting: LEVEL or DISTANCE under Fct. 3.6.1:Setting range and unit same as for Fct. 3.1.1TANKHEIGHT.•Setting CONVERSION under Fct. 3.6.1:Unit same as in Fct. 3.2.3 UNIT.CONV.•Setting REFLECTION under Fct. 3.6.1:Setting range: 0...100.Examples of application and settingsee Sect. 8.5
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 54 11/00Switching outputcharacteristicsTHRESHOLDFct 3.6.3FUNCTION S:Fct. 3.6.1LEVELDISTANCECONVERSIONREFLECTION Overflow= Threshold + Hysteresis / 2HYSTERESISFct. 3.6.4 Underflow= Threshold + Hysteresis / 2TYPE SFct. 3.6.2HIGH open closed open closedLOW closed open closed openSwitching output* Setting has no effect on thefunction of the switching output!Overflow =Measured value higher than limitvalue(= threshold plus hysteresis / 2)Underflow =Measured value lower than limitvalue(= threshold minus hysteresis / 2)Sw.output applicationExamplesSwitching functionsettable by way of ...Further parameterssettable via ...see Sect. 8.5 Fct. 3.6.1FUNCTION SFct. 3.6.2TYPE SFct. 3.6.3THRESHOLDFct. 3.6.4HYSTERESISError messageContact openswhen error occurs ERROROPENno *no *no*Contact closeswhen error occurs ERRORCLOSEDno *no *no*Limit value, level- Contact closes when upper limit exceeded LEVEL HIGH yes yes- Contact closes when lower limit exceededLEVEL LOW yes yesLimit value, distance- Contact closes when upper limit exceeded DISTANCE HIGH yes yes- Contact closes when lower limit exceeded DISTANCE LOW yes yesLimit value, conversion- Contact closes when upper limit exceededCONVERSION HIGH yes yes- Contact closes when lower limit exceeded CONVERSION LOW yes yesLimit value, reflection- Contact closes when upper limit exceeded REFLECTION HIGH yes yes- Contact closes when lower limit exceeded REFLECTION LOW yes yese.g. operation indicatorContact closed whensupply power appliedand open at power failOFF no *no *no *
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 55 11/008.7 Functional checks8.7.1 main menu 2.0 Test functionsFunction (Fct.) Input range Description2.0 TEST2.1.0 HARDWARE2.1.1 MASTER Special function Test of master hardware.2.1.2 DISPLAY Special function Test of display hardware.2.1.3 STATUS Select Module DIS Module MWDisplay of ID Number andstatus bytes.2.2.0 CUR.OUTP.I2.2.1 VALUE I Display of value Display of actual value ofthe current output.2.2.2 TEST I Options 2 mA4 mA6 mA8 mA10 mA12 mA14 mA16 mA18 mA20 mA22 mAOutput of selected value tothe current output.NOTE !!! With safety inquirybecause current output isaccessed direct !!!(Exi = min. 3.6 mA)2.3.0 SW.OUTP.2.3.1 TEST S Options OPENCLOSEDSwitches the switchingcontact on/off.NOTE !!! With safety inquirybecause current output isaccessed direct !!!2.4.0 FIRMWARE2.4.1 MASTER Display Display of master firmwareversion.2.4.2 DISPLAY Display Display of master firmwareversion.8.7.2 Hardware testTesting of the BM 70 A/P hardware can be initiated asrequired with these functions when the device is operating.When an error is established, a message appears in thedisplay (see Sect. 8.8). This hardware test is carried outautomatically every time the BM 70 A/P is started up.Fct. 2.1.1 MASTER•Select Function 2.1.1, as described in Sect. 8.2 and8.3.•"TEST" is shown in the display during the automatictest, followed by "READY" on completion of the test.•During the test the current output holds the lastmeasured value; digital Communication is not possibleduring that time.Fct. 2.1.2. DISPLAY•Select Funtion 2.1.2, as described in Sect. 8.2 and 8.3.•Press the → key; all segments in the display areswitched on.•Press ↑ key; all segments are switched off.•This procedure (switching on/off) can be repeated anynumber of times with the ↑ key.•Press the ↵ key to terminate the test.Fct. 2.1.3 STATUSAfter selecting "Module DIS" or "Module MW" afterpressing the ↵ key in each case an Identity Number andan 8-digit binary number are displayed. If an undefinederror occurs, please inform KROHNE Service of thesevalues. Terminate the test by pressing the ↵ key twice.8.7.3 Test of current outputFct. 2.2.1 VALUE I•Select Function 2.2.1, as described in Sect. 8.2 and8.3.•Press → key to display the actual value of the currentoutput (terminals 31 and 32) in "mA".•Terminate test by pressing the ↵ key.Fct. 2.2.2 TEST I•A millia mmeter should be connected to terminals 31and 32 for this test, see Sect. 7.8•Select Function 2.2.2, as described in Sect. 8.2 and8.3.•Press → key.•Safety inquiry: SURE NO SURE YES }Select with↑ keyAfter SURE YES, press the ↵ key for the 1st value in thefollowing list to be present at the current output.•Select current values with the ↑ key: 2 mA 14 mA 4 mA 16 mA 6 mA 18 mA 8 mA 20 mA10 mA 22 mA12 mA•The connected millia mmeter indicates the selectedcurrent value.•For instruments with Ex-i current output: in the 2 mAsetting the minimum current of 3.6 mA is output.•Terminate the test by pressing the ↵ key, and theactual measured value is again present at the currentoutput.8.7.4 Test of switching outputFct. 2.3.1 TEST S•In this test, the switching contact (terminals 41 and 42)can be closed or opened.•Select Function 2.3.1 as described in Sect. 8.2 and8.3.•Press the → key.•Safety inquiry: SURE NOSURE YES }Select with ↑key•After SURE YES, press ↵ key.•Displayed: OPEN = switching contact is open.•Press the ↑ key.•Displayed: CLOSED = switching contact is closed.•Terminate the test by pressing the ↵ key, and theswitching output will resume its normal operatingcondition.8.7.5 Display of firmware versionFct. 2.4.1 MASTERThis function shows the current main firmware version(e.g. V.3.00) in the configuration menu.Fct. 2.4.2 DISPLAYThis function shows the current firmware version of thedisplay part.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 56 11/008.8 Pointers and error messages during measurement8.8.1 Different kinds of messagesa) Pointers (operating conditions) during measurement provided by 6 markers  in the 3rd (bottom) line of the display, see Sect. 8.8.2.b) Application errors, indicating an application error condition in which no valid measured values are currently established. By changing the tank conditions (e.g. filling) this error can usually be remedied, see "Error list" in Sect. 8.8.3.c) Minor errors, indicating the failure of functions that usually do not affect measurement, see "Error List" in Sect. 8.8.3.d) Correctable errors, which can be remedied by operator action (manual) at the BM 70 A/P, or possibly by KROHNE Service, see "Error List" in Sect. 8.8.3.e) FATAL ERROR renders operation of the BM 70 A/P impossible; occurs only when the device is switched on (powered) or after special test functions have been executed, when the self-test identifies an error inthe electronics of the BM 70 A/P, see "Error List" in Sect. 8.8.3.8.8.2 Pointers provided by 6 markers  during measurementMarker Cause Explanation1 No currentmeasuredvalueThe device is currently searching for a new measured value in which the"measuring window" is opened. If the search for a plausible level fails,"SIGNAL DOWN" appears in the Error List, see Sect. 8.8.3.2 Signal toostrongMean of reflected microwaves is very high. Gain is automatically steppeddown. Brief showing of this marker, e.g. while tank is being filled or drained, isinsignificant. In conjunction with stilling wells, the marker can also show for alonger time.3 PoorspectrumNumber of acceptable spectra is too low. Brief showing of this marker has nosignificance. If permanently on, this may result in uncertain (incorrect)measured values or the error message "NO M.VALUE", see Sect. 8.8.3.4 No measuredvalue as yetEvaluable measured values not available after the device has been started up.Measured value automatically set to the level of the tank bottom. This markerdisappears when the first valid measured value is obtained.5 Tank bottom In tanks with dished bottom, for example, the measuring signal can "disappear"if measurements are carried out near the bottom (within a range of 10% of thetank height, see Fct. 3.1.1, but minimum of 20 cm or 8" and maximum of 60cm or 24"). The measured value is then automatically set to the level of thetank bottom.6 MeasurementfrozenThe digital input is active (voltage at terminals 81,82) or the device is in therange of the block distance detector (see Sect. 8.6.12). Measurement is thussuspended (frozen); last measured values present at the outputs and in thedisplay.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 57 11/008.8.3. Error messages and their representation in display and at outputsThe following list gives all error messages that can occur:Error messages Description oferrorTo correct device fault Output of errors via display and outputs,depending on settingType Text Display Current output I Switching output S(Sect.8.8.1)In 2ndline ofdisplayERROR MSG.Fct. 3.2.4RANGE IFct. 3.3.2FUNCTION SFct. 3.6.1YES NO 4-20/2=E4-20/22=E 4-20 ERROROPENERRORCLOSEDOFFLEVELDISTANCECONVERSIONREFLECTIONb) NOM.VALUEEvaluablemeasuringsignals notavailableIf this error is displayed for a lengthyperiod, this could mean application-induced errors. Check the applicationconditions!yes no yes no yes noc) LINEINTER-RUPTPower failuredetectedDuring restart following a brief powerfailure. Display vanishes as soon as avalid measured value is again present.yes no yes no yes noSWEEPLOWRestrictedfunctioning ofmicrowaveboardMeasurement continued, possibly withreduced accuracy. If error present forlonger time or "VCO SWEEP" error (seebelow) occurs, consult KROHNE Service!yes no no no no noWATCHDOGProcessormonitoringIf error present for longer time, thismeans an error on the CPU board; needsto be replaced by KROHNE Service!yes no no no no noSPECT.ERR.EmptyspectrumfaultyThe current empty-tank spectrum doesnot match the changed operatingparameters. Remedy: record new emptyspectrum (Fct 3.5.2).yes no no no no noNO DISP. ConfigurationfaultyReset parameters for the displayed units(Fct. 3.2.2, 3.2.3).yes yes no no no noCAL.DATAEEPROMerror: currentoutputcalibrationdataCalibration data of the current outputneed to be checked by KROHNE Serviceand reset if necessary.yes no yes(22 mA) no yes noCONFIG.ERREEPROMerror:parametersfaultyCheck all operating parameters and resetif necessary. If error persists: EEPROMdefective. Needs to be replaced byKROHNE Service!yes yes yes(22 mA) no yes yesd) EEPROMERR.EEPROMdefectiveEEPROM defective. Needs to bereplaced by KROHNE Service!yes no yes no yes noADC ERR. Analog/digitalconverterdefectiveCPU board defective. Needs to bereplaced by KROHNE Service!yes no yes no yes noINTEGR. IntegratordefectiveCPU board defective. Needs to bereplaced by KROHNE Service!yes no yes no yes noSIGNALDOWNMeasuringsignal tooweak forevaluationNo measuring signal, usually caused bya defect in the electronics.yes no yes no yes noVCO RISE Fault onmicrowaveboardMicrowave board defective. Needs to bereplaced by KROHNE Service!yes no yes no yes noVCOSWEEPFault onmicrowaveboardMicrowave board defective. Needs to bereplaced by KROHNE Service!yes no yes no yes noe) FATALERRORCPU boarddefectiveAfter a device start-up. If still possible,invoke Error List and note down any othererrors. Consult KROHNE Service!yes yes no no no no8.8.4 Error display during measurementIn the setting level under Fct. 3.2.4 ERROR MSG. (error messages), it is possible to select whether errors are to bedisplayed during measurement. When YES set: "error message(s)" are displayed automatically to alternate with themeasured value. The errors will continue to be displayed until their cause has been eliminated.8.8.5 Error listAll errors are stored in an Error List in the BM 70 A/P. The errors are retained in this list until: 1. the cause(s) of theerror(s) has been eliminated and 2. the error has been acknowledged. Errors that have been acknowledged but whosecause has not been eliminated are retained in the Error List.To invoke the Error List, press keys ↵↑→→. With → you can page through the list. For further information on theError List: see Sect. 8.3.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 58 11/008.9 Messages on start-upWhen the BM 70 A/P is powered it will take about 1 minute before the first measured value is displayed (see also Sect. 5.6).During this time the following flashing messages appear in sequence in the display:STARTUP - READY - START.After a short line failure (lasting up to several minutes) it is possible that "LINE INTERRUPT" will be displayed. In such a case,measurement is continued subsequently taking into account the history prior to the interruption.8.10 Faults and symptoms during start-up and measurement•You will be able to eliminate most of the faults and symptoms likely to occur with the BM 70 A/P by consulting thefollowing chart.•For easy reference, faults and symptoms are divided into the following groups:Group D DisplayGroup A Signal outputGrop DA Display and signal outputGroup M markers 1 - 6  in the displayGroup S Switching output•Please go through these charts before contacting KROHNE Service. Thank you!Group D DisplayNo. Fault / Symptom Cause Corrective actionD1 Display totally "dead". Power source switched off. Switch on power source.Primary fuse defective. Change primary fuse as described inSect. 9.3.D2 Display flashes "FATAL ERROR"shortly after power has beenswitched on.BM 70 A/P is defective. Replace BM 70 A/P signal converter(instrument head) as described inSect.7.3 .D3 Display flashes "MIN VALUE" or "MAX VALUE" when numericalvalues are being set.The set numerical value is outsidethe acceptable setting range.Note MIN. or MAX.VALUE displayedand set higher or lower numericalvalue.D4 Display shows "START". Device carries out a hot start after aparameter change.Wait until measured value appears.D5 Display flashes"SPECT.ERR.". Newly set operating parameters donot tally with the stored spectrumwhen e.g. the tank height (Fct.3.1.1) and/or the antenna extension(Fct. 3.1.4) have been changed.Record new empty spectrum asdescribed in Sect. 8.6.12 (Fct. 3.5.2).D6 Display indicates error messagealternating with the measured value.An error has occurred. Note down error messages, eliminateas described in Sect. 8.8Group A Signal outputNo. Fault / Symptom Cause Corrective actionA1 Receiver instruments connected tocurrent output indicate "zero".Polarity (connection) of receiverinstruments is incorrect.Connect up properly as described inSect. 7.8.BM 70 A/P current output board orconnected receiver instrumentsdefective.Test current output as described inSect. 8.7.3.- All tests OK: Check receiverinstruments and replace ifnecessary.- Test reveals faults: current outputboard defective; consult KROHNEService or replace BM 70 A/Psignal converter (see Sect. 7.3)."OFF" (= current output deactivated)is set under current output I, Fct.3.3.1, "FUNCTION I".Depending on the application, setLEVEL, CONVERSION, DISTANCEor REFLECTION under Fct. 3.3.1,see Sect. 8.6.8A2 2 or 22 mA present at the currentoutput.An error has occurred. Invoke display of error list, see Sect.8.8. For cause and elimination, seeSect. 8.8.If error message not to be displayedvia the current output, set 4-20 mAwithout error message, as describedin Sect. 8.6.8 (Fct. 3.3.2).
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 59 11/00A3 The measured value at the currentoutput is incorrect, but themeasured value in the BM 70 A/Pdisplay is correct.Settings of the current output areincorrect.Set current output correctly as describedin Sect. 8.6.8 (Fct.3.3.1 - 3.3.4).A4 Data Communication via the digitalinterface not functioning.Communication interface setincorrectly.Set Communication interface, Sect. 8.6.9,correctly (Fct.3.3.5 - 3.3.7).The computer system forCommunication with the BM 70 A/Pis incorrectly configured.Check computer system.Incorrect connection to theinterface.Check connection.Communication interface isdefective.Consult KROHNE Service or replaceBM 70 A/P instrument head as describedin Sect. 7.3.Group DA Display and signal outputNo. Fault / Symptom Cause Corrective actionDA1 Display and current output supplyincorrect measured values.Display and current output are setincorrectly.Set display (Fct. 3.2.1 -3.2.4) andcurrent output (Fct. 3.3.1 - 3.3.4)correctly, as described in Sect. 8.6.7and 8.6.8.An error has occurred. Display andcurrent output are, however, not setfor error messages; markers 1-6 areperhaps ON.Invoke Error List, see Sect. 8.8, alsofor cause and elimination.If (also) one or several markers  areON, see Sect. 8.8.2.DA2 Display and current output supply alargely constant measuring error ofapprox. 19 cm.Distance piece is provided but notconfigured correctly.Set Fct. 3.1.5 DIST.PCE. (seeSect.8.6.4) to 120 mm when distancepiece fitted, otherwise to 0 mm.DA3 Display and current output supply alargely constant and large-sizemeasuring error.Tank height set incorrectly (levelmeasurement).Set Fct. 3.1.1 TANKHEIGHT (seeSect.8.6.2) correctly; if possible, useautomatic tank height determination,Fct. 3.5.1 (see Sect. 8.6.11)Reference offset (distancemeasurement) or tank bottom offset(level measurement) incorrectlyprogra mmed.Set offset values correctly, Fct. 3.1.7 -3.1.8 (see Sect. 8.6.6).DA4 Measuring error in the stilling wellincreases steadily in step withincreasing distance.Stilling well not included in theconfiguration.Set Fct. 3.1.6 STILLWELL correctly(see Sect. 8.6.5).DA5 major measuring errors (> 3 cm)with Wave-Stick in the close range(up to approx. 1 m distance)Antenna type is incorrectly set. Set Fct. 3.1.3. ANTENNA to "WAVE-STICK" (see Sect. 8.6.3)DA6 When the empty tank is being filled,the measured value initially stays at"zero" and then, at 20...100 cmlevel, suddenly skips to the correctvalue.The BM 70 A/P is receiving anadditional signal from the tankbottom.Activate "tank bottom tracking system",see Sect. 8.6.15 (Fct. 3.5.7 - 3.5.8)DA7 Display and signal output do notrespond to changes in level.Digital input is activated,marker 6  is ON, measurement issuspended (frozen).Deactivate the digital input, see Sect.4.8.Device is within block distancedetection range, marker 6  is ON;level too high or antennacontaminated.Reduce level and/or clean antenna, ordeactivate Fct. 3.5.6 BD-DETECT (seeSect. 8.6.14) or reduce size of Fct.3.1.2 BLOCKDIST. (see Sect. 8.6.3).Foaming in vessel, inadequatereflectivity of the tank product, εRtoo small; additionally, markers 1+3 may be ON.On tall storage tanks, mount the BM 70A/P farther away from the tank wall.Select distance as recommended inSect. 6.1.2.DA8 Display and signal output indicate"zero" measured value, marker 5 is ON.Tank with dished bottom: tank ismore than 20% full, the BM 70 A/Pis mistakenly located in the "tankbottom detection" range.Drain tank or switch the BM 70 A/P offfor a short while. If unsuccessful,please consult KROHNE Service.DA9 Display and signal output indicatemax. level but tank is empty.Tank with dished bottom: the BM 70A/P has stored an incorrect orincomplete empty spectrum.Record new empty tank spectrum, seeSect. 8.6.12 (Fct. 3.5.2), or enlargeblock distance (Fct. 3.1.2) as describedin Sect. 8.6.3.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 60 11/00Group DA Display and signal outputNo. Fault / Symptom Cause Corrective actionDA10 Display and signal output frequentlyindicate the maximum level.Excessive amounts of vapour,condensate or dust in the tank, orheavy contamination (depositsthicker than approx. 3 - 7 mm or0.1" - 0.3") on the antenna.Clean antenna (install cleaning deviceif necessary). If unsuccessful, enlargeBLOCKDIST. under Fct. 3.1.2 (seeSect. 8.6.3) or deactivate Fct. 3.5.6BD-DETECT (see Sect.8.6.14).Antenna cleaning operations causestrong reflections.Activate digital input during cleaning(marker 6  is ON), measurementsuspended (frozen), see Sect. 4.8.DA11 Display and signal output indicatesizeable step changes in thedirection of the maximum (possiblyalso mimimum) level.Storage tank: BM 70 A/P mountedcentrically or on dome (manholecover).Change position of the BM 70 A/P. Forrecommended distance from tank wall,see Sect. 6.1.2, and note installationconditions in Sect. 6.1.3!Or activate "multiple reflectionidentifier" under Fct. 3.5.5, see Sect.8.6.14.Process tank with extremelyturbulent product surface.Switch on tank type AGITATOR underFct. 3.5.9, see Sect. 8.6.16.DA12 Display and signal output indicatestep changes:during filling → upwardsduring draining → downwardsStorage tank, smooth surface,steady filling or draining procedures,incorrect tank type set.Set correct tank type (STORAGETANK) under Fct. 3.5.9, see Sect.8.6.16.DA13 Signal output (recorder) showssinusoidal variations about theactually measured value (deviation:up to ± 2 cm) in the upper part ofthe tank (approx 2 m).This has physical reasons andoccurs mostly with slow changes inlevel when sources of interferenceare located in the upper part of thetank.Avoid all sources of interference in theupper part of the tank. A biggerantenna might help to solve theproblem.DA14 Display and signal output indicateconstant measured values, althoughthe level changes.Fixed tank internals unfavourablypositioned, thus permanentlysimulating a constant level to theBM 70 A/P. No empty spectrumrecorded and/or measurementscarried out without empty spectrum.Activate the empty spectrum under Fct.3.5.2 if measurements carried outwithout empty spectrum. If emptyspectrum not recorded, record underFct. 3.5.2, see Sect. 8.6.12.Digital input is activated,marker 6  is ON, measurementis suspended (frozen).Deactive the digital input, see Sect. 4.8DA15 Display and signal output indicatemeasured values at the level of theagitator blades.Tank with "difficult" agitator blades. Record new empty spectrum with "MAX. VALUES" under Fct. 3.5.2. Orchange position of the BM 70 A/P onthe tank. Note conditions described inSect. 6.1.2.DA16 Display and/or signal outputindicate incorrect conversionvalues, but level indication iscorrect.Conversion table set incorrectly. Reset conversion table with the PC-CAT program.DA17 Display and signal output gosuddenly to "zero" or block distancelimit when tank continuously toppedup.Level located in range of blockdistance in front of antenna, seeFct. 3.1.2 in Sect. 8.6.3.Avoid this operating condition or, ifempty spectrum (Fct. 3.5.2) issufficiently good, reduce block distance(Fct. 3.1.2) as described in Sect.8.6.3.Group M markers 1-6 & in displayNo. Fault / Symptom Cause Corrective actionM1 markers 1-5  (one or several) ON. Reference(s) to possible faultymeasurements.See Sect. 8.8 for significance of markersand elimination of possible faults.M2 marker 2  ON for long periods orpermanently.Note: very strong reflection signal(e.g. measurement in the stillingwell).Not important if measured value iscorrect.M3 marker 6  ON. Digital input is activated,measurements suspended (frozen).Deactivate digital input, see Sect. 4.8.Device located in block distancedetection range.Check conditions for block distancedetection, see Sect. 8.6.14.M4 markers 3 and 4  ON.Level indicator is "zero".This is a status display and not anerror. This usually occurs on tankswith dished bottom, when the tank isempty, after the BM 70 A/P hasbeen switched on or after a newempty spectrum has been recorded.Fill tank!
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 61 11/00Group S Switching outputNo. Fault / Symptom Cause Corrective actionS1 Switching output does not operateat the desired limit value (threshold)or does so in the wrong mode(opens/closes).Setting of switching function isincorrect.Set switching output correctly asdescribed in Sect. 8.6.17 (Fct. 3.6.1 -3.6.4).S2 Switching output does not operate. Switching output defective. Check switching output as described inSect. 8.7.4:- Test OK: check setting and receiverinstruments.- Test reveals faults: switching outputdefective. Consult KROHNE Serviceor replace BM 70 A/P signal converteras described in Sect. 7.3.8.11 Calculation of the measured valueThe following describes how the individual items of information are calculated from the measured distance:measured(internal)OffsetDistance+–Level+tank heightFct 3.1.1–conversiontable++++Ref.OffsetFct 3.1.7TB OffsetFct 3.1.8Fct 3.2.1displayBM 70 local displayfunctiondistanceBM 70 Fct 3.3.1I outputBM 70 current outputfunctionBM 70 digitalcommunicationThe measured primary distance is corrected by the offset and consequently standardized to the reference point( = flange). The level is calculated as the difference between tank height and distance. Optionally, distance, levelor a converted function can be output to the signal output and the local display. All items of information can beaccessed via the digital Communication. In addition, the measured value can be shifted by a reference offset(reference point for distance not equal to flange) or by a tank bottom offset (reference point for level not equal totank bottom).
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 62 11/008.12 User program PC-CAT for WindowsOur instruments of the BM 70 product line are easy to install. To facilitate configuration, each unit issupplied with the intuitive and time-tried software, PC-CAT for Windows.PC-CAT provides a number of useful features including:•Quick on-site configuration•Print-out of configuration protocol•Simple conversion, volume or correction tables•Check routine to monitor functionality of the instrument•Monitoring and recording of the radar signal during operation•Trend and evaluation of the signal during operationPC-CAT works on all IBM-compatible PC’s using Windows 9x or NT.PC-CAT Version 4.00 and higher can communicate with all current KROHNE level radar gaugesincluding BM 70 A/P, BM 700, BM 702 versions, also with HART® protocol and RS 485. The PC-CATkit includes a PC adapter for current output. The adapter can be connected to the PC’s standard RS232 interface.PC-CAT allows convenient remote control of all functions of the signal converter. The vessel can beshown in schematic form together with the associated measured values and the measured spectrum.A trend graph of the output signal and threshold signal strength is also provided. All relevantinstrument data can be recorded in the form of a data set small enough to be stored on a floppy diskor transfered electronically. Stored data can also be used for configuring other units of the BM 70product line.PC-CAT files can later be used to analyse the performance of the level gauge. All graphs and screenscan be exported a word processing systems or other programs.The customer’s PC containing PC-CAT is connected to the current output via the supplied PcadapterPcadapter, max. distance from the level gauge: 1000 m or 3300 ft. The PC adapter has no effect onin-line instruments such as milliammeters, recorders, etc., connected to the current output.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 63 11/009 Power supply9.1 Options, technical dataA choice is offered of 2 supply power versions:Version Voltage U Tolerance = voltagerangeFrequency Power(typical) *max. ripple /harmonics24V DCAC 24 V DC -25%+30%18-31.2 V - 7.5 - 10 W within limits oftolerance24 V AC -25%+10%18-26.4 V 45-66 Hz 10 VA 10%115/230VAC115 V AC -25%+10%85-127 V 45-66 Hz 12 VA 10%230 V AC -25%+10%170-254 V 45-66 Hz 12 VA 10%* Hazardous-duty limit: 20W / 40 VA9.2 FusesDevice-internal fuses for power: 24 V DCAC* T 1.25 A115 V AC** T 315 mA230 V AC** T 160 mA*: Terminals 1 and 2 are both fuse-protected.**: Only connection L (for TN system) is fuse-protected;optionally also both connections N and L (for IT system), see Sect. 9.3.Location of fuses on the "line" board and replacement of fuses: see Sect. 9.3.In accordance with operative regulations, it may be necessary to provide additional fuse protectionwhen installing the system.Recommended line fuse protection: 24 V DCAC min. T 2 A115 V AC min. T 0.5 A230 V AC min. T 0.25 A9.3 Changeover of operating voltage and replacement of fusesAlways switch off power source before commencing work!Hazardous-duty systems:Before opening the "flameproof enclosure" (large cover on the signal converter) in the hazardousarea, make absolutely certain that there is no explosion hazard. Allow the prescribed waiting time of10 minutes to elapse first!1. Unscrew sunshade SD, if fitted.2. Detach safety lock SV using Allen key (size 4 mm).3. Remove cover DE from the electronic compartment (flameproof enclosure) with the supplied special wrench.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 64 11/004.1 Replacement of power fuse(s)Location of fuses: see drawings below. Use only the specified types.4.2 Changeover of operating voltage (AC Version only)Through a different orientation of the voltage selector switch on the "line" board you can switch overbetween 115 V AC (85-127V) and 230 V AC (170-254V). For this purpose, pull the plug next to thefuse holders up and out (see drawing below), turn it 180° and plug it back into the holder. Also changethe two fuses F2 and F3 to suit the selected voltage.Do not forget to alter the voltage information on the signal converter nameplate and in the terminalcompartment!4.3 Changeover between 1 fuse (TN system) and 2 fuses (IT system) (AC-Version only)Plug the blue wire on the "line" board into the desired position "TN" or "IT". Do not forget to alter theinformation TN or IT on the signal converter nameplate ("field power").5. Reassemble in reverse order, Points 3-1.Important: Ensure that the screw thread of cover DE on the electronic compartment is well greased atall times.Power supply unit 115/230 V AC Power supply unit 24 V DCACLITTNfuse F2fuse F3230V115Vvoltageselectorisolated system (IT):grounded system (TN):brown bluebrown blue230V: T 160mA115V: T 315mAlight-emitting diodes forvoltage control24V -5V +5VSignal outputbrown blueF3 F4FusesT 1.25A-5V+5V24Vsignaloutputlight-emitting diodes forvoltage control9.4 Advice on safetyInsulation ratingThe insulation of type BM 70 A/P level gauges is rated in conformity with VDE 0110/01.89, equivalentto IEC 664, and takes into account the following ratings:·Overvoltage category for the power line circuit: III·Overvoltage category for the output circuit: II·Insulation contamination level: 2 (inside the device)Disconnecting device, miniature fuseType BM 70 A/P level gauges do not feature any device for switching or disconnection.Class of protectionThe BM 70 A/P level gauge is designed for Safety Class 1 in conformity with VDE 0106 Part 1.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 65 11/0024 V DCAC supplyWhen connected to a "functional extra-low voltage with safety separation" power source (SELVor PELV) in accordance with VDE 0100, Part 410 or equivalent (inter)national regulations, connectionof a safety conductor (PE) is not required.115/230 V AC supplyConnection to a power source with dangerous contact voltage: if due to protective measures inconformity with VDE 0100 a safety conductor PE is stipulated, it must be connected to the separateU-clamp terminal in the terminal compartment of the signal converter.HAZARDOUS-DUTY SYSTEMS•The incoming cables for power supply are not of intrinsically safe design, not even in theBM 70 A/P i version.•Electrical connection to be in conformity with VDE 0165, Section 5.6, or equivalent nationalregulations.•Before making the electrical connection, make sure all cables leading into the BM 70 A/P-Ex aredisconnected from supply!•When used in hazardous locations, the BM 70 A/P-Ex must, in conformity with VDE 0165, beincorporated in the PA equipotential bonding system, irrespective of the type of power supply. Ifthe PA is connected via a separate conductor, this must be connected to the outer U-clampterminal on the "neck" of the BM 70 A/P-Ex. Cancellation of equipotential bonding is onlypermitted when the BM 70 A/P-Ex is disconnected from supply.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 66 11/0010 Certificates and approvals10.1 Hazardous-duty approvalsCountry Authority Certificate No. Class Device typeGermany/Europe PTB PTB99 ATEX 2061X EEx de IIC T6..T1 (Z.0) BM 70EEx de [ia]/[ib] IIC/IIB T6..T3 (Z.0) BM 70 iUSA FM J.I.3000813 I Div.1 Gr.B/C/D BM 70II/III Div.1 Gr.E/F/G BM 70I/II/III Div.2 Gr. B/C/D/F/GUSA FM J.I.3006165 I Div.1 Gr.B/C/D BM 70.iII/III Div.1 Gr.E/F/G BM 70.iI Div.2 Gr. A/B/C/DII/III Div.2 Gr. P/GCanada CSA in preparation BM 70.Japan RIIS in preparation BM 70.The texts of valid "Ex" certificates of conformity and type approvals are reprinted in theattached "Ex" documentation.10.2 Other approvals and certificatesType Company Date/Certificate No. Radio approval BZT Vfg1117/1989; Vfg241/1995Radio Licence FCC JH5BM70Preliminary approval to German pressurevessel code DruckbehV/TRB511 (flange V 96) RWTÜV No. 5636602
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 67 11/0010.3 Explosion proof acc. to ATEXThe instruments BM 70 A, BM 70 P and BM 700/702 are approved according to the new hazardousarea directives ATEX 100a (certificate: PTB 99 ATEX 2061X).Instruments were divided up to the following Categories according to the operating range:Probability of hazardous atmosphere Ex zone Device in(G = gas/vapour/mist)Always, long-term or frequent Zone 0 Device category 1GOccasional Zone 1 Device category 2GNot or seldom and then only short-term Zone 2 Device category 3GThe marking of the BM 70 x instrument depends on the converter and the flange system:Converter with outputsin Ex-eConverter with outputsin Ex-iFlange system for zone 0 (1G) 1/2 G 1/2 GFlange system for zone 1 (2G) 2 G (1)2 GMeans:1/2 G Antenna system in zone 0 (1G), converter in zone 1 (2G)2 G Converter as well as antenna system only in zone 1 (2G)(1)2 G Converter and antenna system in zone 1 (2G), but intrinsically safe current loops can goto/through zone 0 (1G)The available flange systems for BM 70 A, BM 70 P and BM 700/702 are:Construction Short term inATEX certificateDevicecategoryInstallation inEx zoneHorn antenna or Wave-Guide (withMetaglass)V96 1G 2) Zone 0Wave-Stick with flange plate andMetaglasWS 1C 1) 1G 2) Zone 0Wave-Stick with flange plate WS 1B 2G Zone 1Wave-Stick without flange plate WS 2A or 2B 2G Zone 1LP flange system(horn antenna/Wave-Guide)Not in approval Non-Ex Non-ExRemarks:1) For the Wave-Stick 1C (Zone 0) any electrostatic charging of the stick must be avoided inoperation (otherwise only Zone 1).2) Zone 0 is only defined for "atmospheric conditions". Therefore in the ATEX certificate theconditions T = -20...+60 °C and p = 0.8...1.1 bar are assigned to the 1G versions for installation inZone 0. This is not new, but now explicitly mentioned in the type test.
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 68 11/0010.4 Radio approvalGazette 129, 20.11.1989TeleCommunicationsDecree 1117/1989General licence No. 353 for radio transmitting and receiving installationsThe installation and operation of the radio transmitting and receiving system "BM 70 Level Radar"and "BM 70-Ex Level Radar"manufactured by Firma KROHNE Messtechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 4100Duisburg, for telecontrol purposes (level gauging in metal tanks) at a frequency in the 8.1 - 9.4 Ghzfrequency range, is hereby authorized pursuant to §§ 1 and 2 of the law concerningteleCommunication systems as adopted in the official announcement dated 03.07.1989. The radiosystems may only be operated inside totally enclosed metal tanks.1. Other teleCommunication systems and teleCommunication equipment serving the public sector,including radio systems, must not suffer any interference.2. Radio systems that are put onto the market under the above-mentioned type designations do notindividually require special approval if they are electrically and mechanically consistent with themodels examined and tested by the Central Approval Office for TeleCommunications (ZZF), andbear the following certification mark of the Deutsche Bundespost: "Postsignum Z G490353X" andthe name of KROHNE Messtechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 4100 Duisburg, and the type designation"BM 70 Level Radar" or "BM 70-Ex Level Radar".3. The identification mark must be embossed or engraved on the housing or on a plate made of metalor similarly strong material. The plate must be attached to the housing in such a way that it isimpossible to remove or can only be removed by the use of force. The identification mark must bevisible at all times from the outside.4. The operator of such radio systems has no benefit of protection whatsoever against interferencefrom other teleCommunication systems or teleCommunication equipment (e.g. including radiosystems that are duly operated in the same frequency range).5. The above-mentioned radio systems may not be linked to other teleCommunication systems orteleCommunication equipment without special approval from the Deutsche Bundespost.6. This "general licence" can at any time be revoked in toto - or in isolated cases can also be revokedfor individual radio systems by the relevant local licensing authority.Additional notes for manufacturer and users1. The manufacturer of these generally licensed radio systems has the responsibility towards theDeutsche Bundespost to ensure that a reprint of this "general licence" accompanies each andevery instrument brought onto the market under the above-mentioned certification mark.2. The licence to link these radio systems with other teleCommunication systems orteleCommunication equipment is governed by the respective requirements (provisions concerningprivate-sector cabled teleCommunication equipment, and the teleCommunication regulations).Information in this respect is available from the appropriate teleCommunication offices(acceptance and testing service).281-3 A 3552-2/ABundesministerium für Post und Telekommunikation Gazette 23/951421Decree 241/1995Extension of the general licence No. 353 for radio transmitting and receiving installationsTo Gazette Decree 1117/1989, page 2066The above-mentioned general licence for radio installations issued to the company of KROHNEMesstechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 47058 Duisburg, shall with immediate effect also include radioinstallations that operate at a frequency in the frequency range of 8.1 - 9.9 GHz, for the same purposeare placed by the company on the market and which are marked in accordance with the generallicence. At the same time, the purpose is extended to level measurements in concrete tankshaving a minimum wall thickness of 19 cm. The radio installations may only be operated in fullyenclosed tanks.314-1A 3552-2/A
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 69 11/0010.5 CE Manufacturer's declarationDECLARATION OF CONFORMITYWe, KROHNE Messtechnik GmbH & Co.KGLudwig - KROHNE - StraßeD - 47058 Duisburgdeclare on our own responsibility that the products•BM 70 A/P Level-Radar 24V DC/AC - Ex-e current output / RS 485•BM 70 A/P Level-Radar 115/230V AC - Ex-e current output / RS 485to which this declaration refers, are in conformity with the following standards:•EN 50081 - 1 : 1993 - 3•EN 50082 - 2 : 1995 - 3•pr EN 50178 : 1994 - 8•EN 61010 - 1 : 1993 - 4in accordance with the provisions of Directives 89 / 336 / EEC und 73 / 23 / EEC.Duisburg, 01.09.1997(Place and date of issue) (signed: Company management)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 70 11/0011 Order informationTechnical information relevant to the orderBM 70 A/P Level-Radar♦Connecting flange: ................... ________________________________________________♦Flange and antenna material:... ________________________________________________♦Waveguide seal: ...................... Viton FFKM Kalrez2035 Other _____________♦Antenna type:...........................Type 4 (200 mm) Type 3 (140 mm)................................................Type 1 (74 mm) Type 2 (100 mm) [for stilling well dia.:_]................................................Wave-Stick Wave-Guide (length: _______________ )♦Antenna extension:................... ________________________________________________♦Power supply:........................... 24V DCAC 200-240V AC 100-120V AC♦Signal output:...........................Current output: active (Ex-e) Ex-i passivealternatively: .................Digital: RS 485 Bus: __________________________♦Explosion protection.................none Zone 0 Zone 1Special itemsAdditional calibration (BM 70 A Precision) High-precision version (BM 70 P)90° Antenna extension .............S-shaped antenna extensionPurge connection .....................Antenna heatingOthers: ____________________________________________
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 71 11/0012 External standards, codes and directivesDIN V 19259: 1996-10. Documentation of devices, Data types with classsification scheme for measuringequipment with analog or digital output for industrial process measurement [in German]VDI/VDE 3519 (part 2): 1994-12. Level measurement of liquids and solids (bulk solids) [in German]DIN VDE 0165: 1991-02. Installation of electrical apparatus in hazardous areas [in German]DIN EN 50014: 2000-02. Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres, General requirementsDIN EN 50018: 1995-03. Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres, Flameproof enclosure "d"DIN EN 50019: 1996-03. Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres, Increased safety "e"DIN EN 50020: 1996-04. Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres, Intrinsic safety "i"DIN EN 50284: 2000-02. Special requirements for construction, test and marking of electrical apparatus ofequipment group II, category 1 GDIN EN 50081-1 (VDE 0839 part 81-1): 1993-03. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), Generic emissionstandard, Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industryEN 50082-2: 1995-03. Electromagnetic compatibility, Generic immunity standard, Part 2: Industrial environmentNE 21 NAMUR recommendation „Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of industrial process and laboratorycontrol equipment“, 1998-08DIN EN 61010-1 (VDE 0411 part 1):1993-04. Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement,control and laboratory use, general requirementspr EN 50178 / DIN EN 50178: 1994-08: Electronic equipment for use in power installationsDirective 89/336/EWG (CE marking)DIN EN 60068-2 (IEC 68-2): 1995-03. Environmental testsDIN IEC 68-2-6: 1990-06. Electrical engineering, Basic environmental test proceduresDIN EN 60654, part 1 (IEC 654-1): 1994-02: Industrial process measurement and control equipment; Operatingconditions; Climatic ConditionsDIN EN 60529: 2000-09: Degrees of protection by enclosures (IP Code)DIN 2501: 1972-02: Flanges - Fitting dimensions [in German]DIN 2527: 1972-04: Blind flanges [in German]ANSI B 16.5: 1988: Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsDIN 11851: 1998-11: Fittings for food, chemical and pharmaceutical industry - Stainless steel screwed pipeconnections - Design for rolling in and welding-onDIN EN 10088, Teil 1: 1995-08: Stainless steels - Catalogue of the stainless steelsDIN 55990: 1979-12: Verification of paints and similar coating materials; Powder mould coatings .... [inGerman]HUG-3: HART FSK Physical Layer Specification Rev. 7.2: 1993-0513 Quality assuranceKROHNE Messtechnik GmbH & Co. KG is certified to:•DIN ISO 9001 / EN 29001 and•KTA 1401 QSP 4A (nuclear power engineering)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 72 11/00Annex A: Technical data1 Range of application Distance, level, volume and reflection measurement of liquids, pastes,slurries, solids and particulate material on storage and process tanks orcontainers made of metal or concrete, and also in stilling wells2 Mode of operation / system structure FMCW-Radar in the X-Band (8.5-9.9 GHz) with digital signal processing;compact device, modular design3 InputMeasured variable Primary variables: distance, reflection; derived variables: level, volumeMeasuring range Min. tank height: 0.5 mmax. measuring range: 40 m (optionally upto 100m); Wave-Stick: 20 m,BM 70 P = 35mBlock distance Min. 0.2 to 1.0 m; see Sect. 3.3Rate of change in level ≤ 10 m/min; BM 70 P ≤ 1m/min4 OutputVariant 1Ex-e current output HART®TypeCurrent rangeAccuracy/linearityTemperature driftLoad impedanceactive (current source); Ex-e4-20 mA (error: 2 mA or 22 mA)0.05 % (rel. 20 mA; 25°C)≤ 100 ppm/K (typically 30 ppm/K)≤ 500 Ωwith switching output:and digital input: max. 100 mA / 30 V DC or 30 V AC; internal resistance ≤ 20 Ω; potential-freeto "freeze" the measured value; voltage: 5 to 28 V DC;input resistance: ≥ 1 k Ω; potential-freeVariant 2Ex-i current output HART®TypeCurrent rangeTemperature driftAccuracy/linearitySupply voltageLoad impedancepassive (current sink); Ex-i4-20 mA (error 3.6 or 22 mA);4 mA constant for HART®-Multidrop≤ 100 ppm/K (typically 30 ppm/K)0.05 % (rel. 20 mA; 25°C)8-30 V (terminals 31 and 32)≤ (US - 8 V) / 22 mA, (US= external supplyvoltage)with optional switching output: 6 ... 30 V; ILow ≤ 2 V; IHigh ≤ 900 µA (U = 30 V), I High = 200 µA (U = 8 V)Variant 3RS 485 interface Transmission rateAddress:Protocols:1200 to 38400 bauds0 to 255KROHNE Protocol,Modbus-RTU, HART®with additional current output TypeCurrent rangeAccuracy/linearityTemperature driftLoad impedanceWhen operated as switchingoutput:active (current source); not communicable;Ex-e4-20 mA (error 2 mA or 22 mA)0.3 % (rel. 20 mA; 25°C)≤ 200 ppm/K (typically 70 ppm/K)≤ 250 ΩLow: I < 2 mA; High: I = 22 mA(R ≤ 250 Ω) and no-load voltage ≤ 18 VVariant 4: PROFIBUS-PA (Ex-i)HardwarePhysicalBus characteristicsBase currentDefault currentto IEC 61 158-2 and the FISCO model9 ... 30 V; 0.3 mA max.; 4.2 W max.10 mA6 mAVariant 5: Foundation Fieldbus (FF) see Supplementary InstructionsBreakdown signal Current output: error signal 2/22 mA or 3.6 mA (Ex-i),plain text in local displaySwitching contact: opening or closing of the contactDigital interfaces: error flags5 Measuring accuracyError of measurement Reference conditions and error curves: see Sect. 5.1 and 5.2Repeatability ≤ 0.5 × error of measurementMeasured-value resolution BM 70 A: 1 mm; BM 70 P: 0.1 mmEffect of ambient temperature No significant effect on measured value(- 1 ppm/°C);(see also signal outputs)6 Operating conditions6.1 Installation conditions Avoid interference reflections and multiple reflections6.2 Ambient conditionsHazardous locations BM 70 A/P Ex: Zone 0,1,2; IIC/IIB, T6...T2Ambient temperature at signal converter -20...+55°C (-24...+131°F)Functional range: -40...+70°C (-40...+158°F)Flange temperature Horn antenna, Wave-Guide (Tamb ≤ 50°C/122°F): -30...+130°C(-22...+266°F)
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 73 11/00Wave-Stick:Horn antenna, Wave-Guide (Tamb ≤ 55°C/131°F): -30...+120°C(-22...+248°F)High-temperature version with:- FFKM gasket (Kalrez 4079/Parofluor V8545-75): -30...+250°C(-22...+482°F) (safety limit 280°C/536°F)- Kalrez 2035 gasket: -30...+210°C(-22...+410°F)- Viton gasket: -30...+200°C(-22...+392°F)- FEP-sheathed gasket: -30...+200°C(-22...+392°F)-20...+100°C (-4...+212°F)pressure-dependent up to +150°C/302°FEnvironment class Locations exposed direct to open-air climate, D1 Severity in conformity withEN 60654-1Protection category (signal converter) IP 66 / IP 67Shock resistance Impact test to EN 61010, Sect. 8.2 with 0.5 J energy; drop test toprEN 50178Vibration endurance limit IEC 68-2-6 and prEN 50178 (10-57Hz:0.075 mm/57-150 Hz:1 g)EMC EN 50081-1, EN 50082-2; NAMUR Recommendation6.3 Product conditionsPhysical propertiesRelative permittivityNo effect on measurement results; to ensure reliable measurements, therelative permittivity should have the following minimum values:εr> 1.5; εr < 3: stilling well recommended; Wave-Stick immersed: εr> 4Limitations Liquid a mmonia (NH3); liquid hydrogen (H2); liquid helium (He)Temperature of product unrestricted (but be aware of ambient and flange temperatures)Operating pressureHorn antenna/Wave-GuideWave-Stickdependent on flange size and pressure rating (see Table)Standard: max. 64 bar (higher on request)Temperature TPressure-20 +150 °C+100-15+15232 (46 - 0.3·T[°C]) bar-4 +302 °F+212-1+1+16bar psig(740 - 2.4·T[°F]) psig7Component partsDimensions and weights see Sect. 7.2MaterialsHousing: signal converterFlange system, antenna, extensionGasketsWave-StickAluminium with electrostatic powder coating; sight window: glassStainless steel 1.4571 or 1.4435, Hastelloy C4 or B2, titanium, tantalum;(other materials on request)FFKM (Kalrez 4079 or Parofluor V8545-75); Kalrez 2035; Viton (FPM); FEP-sheathed (basically, all versions include PTFE as the material in contact withthe product)only PTFE in contact with product; flange made of 1.4571 (316 Ti)Process connectionHorn antenna/Wave-GuideWave-StickDairy screw connectionTri-Clamp connectionDIN 2501 / DIN 2526, Form C DN 50 … DN 200 / PN 6 … PN 64;ANSI B 16.5 2‘‘ … 8‘‘, Class 150/300 lb/RF;DIN 2501 / DIN 2526, Form C DN 50 … 150;ANSI B 16.5 2‘‘ … 6‘‘;DIN 11 851 DN 50, DN 65, DN 80SMS 1145 51 mm, 63 mm, 76 mmISO 2852 2‘‘ … 4‘‘Electrical connection Cable entries: 3x M25×1,5Terminals: 0.5-2.5 mm² (solid conductor: max. 4 mm²)PE or FE and PA: U-clamp terminal (max. 4 mm²)Shielding for RS 485 cable and for current output cable > 100 m8User interfaceKeypad 3 keysMagnetic sensors operation with magnetic pin without opening the housingLocal display 2-line illuminated LCD + 6 status markersUser language German, English, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, SwedishUnits of measurement Length: m, cm, mm, inch, ft, %Volume: m³, Liter, US Gal, GB Gal, ft3, bbl, %Conversion unit: any text9Power supply24 V DCAC 18-31.2 V DC or 18-26.4 V AC (45-66 Hz)115/230 V AC optionally: 100-120 V AC (tolerance: 85-127V),200-240 V AC (tolerance: 170-254V); 45-66 HzPower consumption Typically 7.5 - 10 W / 12 VA
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 74 11/00Annex B: Type code / nameplatesType codeSee nameplate on signal converter and flange system (places not needed in the type code may be omitted):BM70 . . / . / . - E Ex 1 2 3 4 5 61: Tank level gauge2: Signal converter series70A : Advanced70P : Precision700 : Low Cost702 : 2-wire3: Symbol for type of protection for the signal outputsi : intrinsically safe I/O functionunassigned : non intrinsically safe I/O function4: Symbol for type of protection for the terminal compartmentE : terminal compartment in Increased Safety “e“ (standard)D : terminal compartment as Flameproof Enclosure “d“ (option)unassigned : intrinsically “ia“ (BM 702)5: Ambient temperature rangeS : Extended range –40°C ... +55°Cunassigned : Standard range –20°C ... +55°C6: Territory of application for explosion protection certificationE : Europe (EG, CENELEC)7: Safety functionEx : explosion-protected electrical equipmentKennzeichnung des Flanschsystems (siehe Flansch-Datenschild):..(1).. ..(2).. ....(3)...... nicht-explosionsgeschützte Ausführung..(1).. ..(2).. ....(3)...... – E Ex ..(4).. explosionsgeschützte Ausführung(1) Flange system seriesV96 : Flange system V96WS : Flange system Wav-StickEA : Enamel antenna systemLP : LP flange system(2) Material of waveguide window unassigned : standard (stainless steel)H : Hastelloy window (T min = -60°C)(3) Materials of wetted parts - Flange system V96:» Antennas and flanges, including coating:SS : stainless steelHB : Hastelly BHC : Hastelloy CTi : TitaniumTa : TantalumMo : Monel» Gasket materials:FFKM : Kalrez™ 4079 or Parofluor™ V8545-75K2035 : Kalrez™ 2035K1091 : Kalrez™ 1091FPM : Viton™FEP : FEP-sheathed gasket
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 75 11/00- Flange system WSLPTFE : PTFE conductivePTFE : PTFE non-conductiveSS PTFE : stainless steel / PTFE non-conductiveSS PP : stainless steel / PP non-conductive- Flange system EAEM PTFE: Enamel + PTFE(4) Field of application, Device Group II1G : Category 1G (application in Zone 0)2G : Category 1G (application in Zone 0)Informationen on nameplates (example)Signal converter:ManufacturerType acc. totype codeSales ordernumberYear ofmanufactureFirmwareversion no.Serial numberInscription as requestesby customerPower supplyVoltage withtolerancesRadio approvalEuropeanconformitySafety information Type, terminal marking and connection dataof the intrinsically safe signal outputsVersionCertificationinformation010299 2061II (1) 2GFlange system:BaujahrHerstellerTyp gemäß demTypenschlüsselSeriennummerBetriebs- / PrüfdruckBeschriftung nach KundenwunschBetriebstemperatur99 2061ManufacturerType acc. to type code Serial number Operating/test pressure Inscription as requestedby customer Year of manufactureOperating temperature
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 76 11/00Sanitary connection / G 1 ½“ thread:Attention!When mounting the G 1½" screwconnection you have to take carethat the marking on the wrenchfaces will not be damaged(do not use pipe wrench!)Operating temperature Operating/test pressureYear of manufactureType acc. toType codeManufacturerSerialnumberApproval informationBaujahrBetriebstemperaturBetriebs-/PrüfdruckBeschriftung nach Typ gemäß dem SeriennummerKundenwunschHerstellerTypenschlüsselZulassungsinformationOperating/test pressureInscription as requestedby customerType acc. totype codeSerial numberOperating temperatureManufacturerYear of manufacture Approval information
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 77 11/00Annex C: Spare parts
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 78 11/00
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 79 11/00
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 80 11/00Annex D: Signed declaration to accompany a device returned to KROHNEIf you need to return level gauges for testing or repairto KROHNEIf installed and operated in accordance with these operating instructions, your level gauge will rarely present anyproblems.Should you nevertheless need to return a device for checkout or repair, please pay strict attention to thefollowing points.Due to statutory regulations concerning protection of the environment and the health and safety of ourpersonnel, KROHNE may only handle, test and repair returned level gauges that have been in contact withliquids if it is possible to do so without risk to personnel and environment. This means that KROHNE can onlyservice your unit if it is accompanied by a certificate in line with the following model confirming that the device issafe to handle. If the unit has been operated with toxic, caustic, flammable or water-endangering liquids, youare kindly requested•to check and ensure, if necessary by rinsing or neutralizing, that all cavities are free from such dangeroussubstances,•to enclose a certificate with the level gauge confirming that it is safe to handle and stating the liquid used.KROHNE regret that they cannot service your level gauge unless it is accompanied by such a certificate.S P E C I M E N certificateCompany: ............................................................ Address: .................................................................Department: ....................................................... Name: ............................................................Tel. No.: ..................................................................The enclosed level gaugeBM70A/P: ................................................ KROHNE Order No. or Series No.: ..................................has been operated with the following liquid.......................................................................................................Because this liquid iswater-endangering * / toxic * / caustic * / flammable *we have- checked that all cavities in the unit are free from such substances *- flushed out and neutralized all cavities in the unit *(* delete where not applicable)We confirm that there is no risk to man or environment through any residual liquid contained in thislevel gauge.Date: ...................................................... Signature: ...................................................Company stamp:
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 81 11/00Annex E: Table on documentation of device configurationCHECK LIST PARAMETERS BM 70 A/P.Vers.:.............. Date: ...............Device No. ..................................................: Comm. No.... :....................... ........................Location......................................................: ...................... ........................ ........................Contact person...........................................: Telephone.... ........................ : .......................Remarks :................................................... ....................... ........................ ................................................................................ ....................... ........................ ........................Menu item....................................................Changed on .... :....................... :.......................:Fct. Configuration parameters (excerpt)3.1.1 Tank height ....................................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.1.2 Block distance ...............................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.1.3 Antenna..........................................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.1.4 Antenna extension.........................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.1.5 Distance piece ...............................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.1.6 Still well / diameter ........................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.1.7 Offset, reference ............................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.1.8 Offset, tank bottom........................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.3.1 Current output, function ...............:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.3.2 Current output, range/error...........:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.3.3 Min. scale for current ....................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.3.4 max. scale for current....................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.3.5 Baud rate........................................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.3.6 Address ..........................................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.3.7 Protocol..........................................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.5.2 Empty-tank spectrum ....................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.5.3 Time constant ................................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.5.4 Tracking speed ..............................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.5.5 Multiple reflections (Yes/No) .........:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.5.6 Block distance detect.(Yes/No) .....:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.5.7 Function FTB .................................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.5.8 Epsilon-R .......................................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.5.9 Tank type .......................................:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.6.1 Switching output, function ...........:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.6.2 Switching output, limit type..........:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.6.3 Switching output, threshold .........:...................... :....................... :.......................:3.6.4 Switching output, hysteresis ........:...................... :....................... :.......................:
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 82 11/00Annex F: IndexAddress 4.6, 8.6.9Agitator 7.5, 8.6.16Ambient temperature 5.8, 6.2.2Antenna extension 6.1.3, 7.4, 8.6.3Antenna size 5.2, 6.1.4, 7.2, 7.5Antenna type 8.6.3Application range 1Approvals 6, 10Assembly 7.4Baud rate 4.6, 8.6.9Block distance 3.3, 8.6.3Block distance detection 3.4, 8.6.14BM 70 A Precision 5.2Breakdown information 4.7Cable entries 7.8Configuration 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, Annex EConfiguration menu 8.3, 8.4Connecting cable 7.8Connection diagrams 7.8Conversion table 8.5.2, 8.6Cooling device 6.1.7Current output 4.2, 4.3, 4.5, 7.8, 8.6.8, 8.7.8Curved extension 6.1.6, 8.6.3, 8.6.4Cylindrical tank 6.1.2Device configuration 8.4, 8.6, Annex EDigital Communication 4.1, 4.6, 8.6.9Digital input 4.2, 4.8Dimensions 7.2Display 8.1, 8.6.7Distance piece 6.2.3, 7.4, 8.6.2Documentation Page 3Electrical connection 7.8EMC 6.2.10, 10.5Empty (-tank) spectrum 8.6.12Environment class 6.2.6Error 8.6.7, 8.6.8, 8.6.17, 8.8Error message 4.7, 8.6.17, 8.8.3Error of measurement 5.2Firmware version page 4, 8.7.5Flameproof enclosure 7, 9.3Flanges 7.2; 7.4Flange system 2.3, 7.4Flange temperature 6.2.3FMCW-Radar 2.1Foundation Fieldbus (FF) 4.1, 8.6.9Freeze 4.8Frequency sweep 2.1FTB 8.6.15Functional checks 8.7Functional ground 7.8Fuses 9.2, 9.3Gaskets 6.2.3, 7.6.3HART®4,1, 4.4Hazardous-duty "Ex" 6, 6.2.1, 7, 9.3, 10Heating device 6.1.7High-temperature version 6.2.3, 7.2, 7.4, 7.8, 10.3Horn antenna 3.3, 6.1.2, 6.1.3, 6.3.5, 7.2Hot start 4.2, 4.8Hysteresis 5.4, 8.6.17Impact resistance 6.2.8Installation 6.1Insulation 9.4Interference 4.8, 8.10Internals 6.1.2, 6.1.6, 8.6.12Intrinsic safety 4.3, 7, 7.8IT system 9.2, 9.3Keys 8.1, 8.2KROHNE Protocol 4.6, 8.6.9Language of display texts 8.6.10Load impedance 4.2, 4.3, 4.5Local display 8.1Long-term drift 5.7magnetic sensors 8.1maintenance 6.4manhole cover 6.1.2markers 4.8, 8.1, 8.8.2materials of construction 7.6Measured value, calculation of 8.11Measured value, resolution of 5.4Measured variables 3.1Measurement principle 2.1Measuring accuracy 5Measuring range 3.2ModBus 4.1, 8.6.9Modularity 2.3, 4.1Multidrop 4.1, 4.4Multiple reflections 8.6.14Nameplate Annex BOperating pressure 6.3.5Operating voltage 9.1, 9.3Operating voltage, changeover of 9.3Operator control concept 8.3Order information 11Order numbers Annex COut-of-range performance 3.4Output 4Parameter setting, see ConfigurationPC-CAT 8.12Point-to-point 4.1, 4.4Positioning 6.1.2Post Office /Radio approvals 10Power supply 9Pressure separation 2.3Product conditions 6.3Product temperature 6.3.4, 10.3Profibus 8.6.9Protection category 6.2.1, 6.2.7, 7
Installation and operating instructions BM 70 A/P Page: 83 11/00Protocol 8.6.9Purging device 6.1.7Quality assurance 13Reference conditions 5.1Reference offset 8.6.6Reflection 3.1, 8.6.1Rel. Permittivity 6.3.2Repeatability 5.3Replacement of signal converter 2.3, 7.3Returning the device Annex DRS 485 4.1, 4.6, 8.6.9Safety conductor 9.4Safety lock 9.3Safety, advice on Page 3, 6, 9.4Setting, see ConfigurationShielding strip 6.1.8Side vessels 6.1.2Signal converter 7.6.1, 2.3, 7.4Signal output 4, 5.8Signal processing 2.2Software history page 4Spare parts Annex CSpectrum 2.2, 8.6.12Standards 12Stilling well 3.3, 6.1.4, 6.1.2,8.6.5Storage temperature 6.2.5Sunshade 6.1.9, 6.2.2Supply scope Page 3Supply voltage 4.3Switching output 4.2, 7.8, 8.6.17Tag name 8.6.10Tank bottom offset 8.6.6Tank bottom tracking 8.6.15Tank fitting 6.1.3, 6.1.8Tank height 3.2, 8.5, 8.6.2, 8.6.11Tank type 8.6.16Tank wall 6.1.2Technical data 9.1, Annex ATemperature 5.8, 6.2.2, 6.2.3, 6.2.4, 6.2.5,6.3.4, 10.3Temperature drift 5.8Terminals 7.8Terminating resistor 7.9Test functions 8.7.1Threshold 8.6.17Time constant 5.5, 8.6.13TN system 9.2Tracking speed 8.6.13Transient recovery time 5.5Transmission angle 6.1.1Transport Page 3Turn-on characteristics 5.6Type code Annex BUnits 8.6.1Vessel, see Tank Vibration endurance limit 6.2.9Volume measurement 3.1, 8.5.2Warranty Page 3Wave-Guide 6.1.2, 6.1.5, 7.1Wave-Stick 3.3, 6.1.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.5Weight 7.2

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