FLIR Systems FLIRT7250 Infrared Camera User Manual UserManual

FLIR Systems AB Infrared Camera UserManual

UserManual.pdf

User’s manualFLIR T10xx series
Important noteBefore operating the device, you must read, understand, and follow all instructions, warnings, cautions, and legal disclaimers.Důležitá poznámkaPřed použitím zařízení si přečtěte veškeré pokyny, upozornění, varování a vyvázání se ze záruky, ujistěte se, že jim rozumíte, a řiďtese jimi.Vigtig meddelelseFør du betjener enheden, skal du du læse, forstå og følge alle anvisninger, advarsler, sikkerhedsforanstaltninger ogansvarsfraskrivelser.Wichtiger HinweisBevor Sie das Gerät in Betrieb nehmen, lesen, verstehen und befolgen Sie unbedingt alle Anweisungen, Warnungen,Vorsichtshinweise und HaftungsausschlüsseΣημαντική σημείωσηΠριν από τη λειτουργία της συσκευής, πρέπει να διαβάσετε, να κατανοήσετε και να ακολουθήσετε όλες τις οδηγίες,προειδοποιήσεις, προφυλάξεις και νομικές αποποιήσεις.Nota importanteAntes de usar el dispositivo, debe leer, comprender y seguir toda la información sobre instrucciones, advertencias, precauciones yrenuncias de responsabilidad.Tärkeä huomautusEnnen laitteen käyttämistä on luettava ja ymmärrettävä kaikki ohjeet, vakavat varoitukset, varoitukset ja lakitiedotteet sekänoudatettava niitä.Remarque importanteAvant d'utiliser l'appareil, vous devez lire, comprendre et suivre l'ensemble des instructions, avertissements, mises en garde etclauses légales de non-responsabilité.Fontos megjegyzésAz eszköz használata előtt figyelmesen olvassa el és tartsa be az összes utasítást, figyelmeztetést, óvintézkedést és joginyilatkozatot.Nota importantePrima di utilizzare il dispositivo, è importante leggere, capire e seguire tutte le istruzioni, avvertenze, precauzioni ed esclusioni diresponsabilità legali.重要な注意デバイスをご使用になる前に、あらゆる指示、警告、注意事項、および免責条項をお読み頂き、その内容を理解して従ってください。중요한 참고 사항장치를 작동하기 전에 반드시 다음의 사용 설명서와 경고,주의사항,법적 책임제한을 읽고 이해하며 따라야 합니다.ViktigFør du bruker enheten, må du lese, forstå og følge instruksjoner, advarsler og informasjon om ansvarsfraskrivelse.Belangrijke opmerkingZorg ervoor dat u, voordat u het apparaat gaat gebruiken, alle instructies, waarschuwingen en juridische informatie hebtdoorgelezen en begrepen, en dat u deze opvolgt en in acht neemt.Ważna uwagaPrzed rozpoczęciem korzystania z urządzenia należy koniecznie zapoznać się z wszystkimi instrukcjami, ostrzeżeniami,przestrogami i uwagami prawnymi. Należy zawsze postępować zgodnie z zaleceniami tam zawartymi.Nota importanteAntes de utilizar o dispositivo, deverá proceder à leitura e compreensão de todos os avisos, precauções, instruções e isenções deresponsabilidade legal e assegurar-se do seu cumprimento.Важное примечаниеДо того, как пользоваться устройством, вам необходимо прочитать и понять все предупреждения, предостережения июридические ограничения ответственности и следовать им.Viktig informationInnan du använder enheten måste du läsa, förstå och följa alla anvisningar, varningar, försiktighetsåtgärder ochansvarsfriskrivningar.Önemli notCihazı çalıştırmadan önce tüm talimatları, uyarıları, ikazları ve yasal açıklamaları okumalı, anlamalı ve bunlara uymalısınız.重要注意事项在操作设备之前，您必须阅读、理解并遵循所有说明、警告、注意事项和法律免责声明。重要注意事項操作裝置之前，您務必閱讀、了解並遵循所有說明、警告、注意事項與法律免責聲明。
User’s manualFLIR T10xx series#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US v
Table of contents1 Disclaimers ......................................................................................11.1 Legal disclaimer .......................................................................11.2 Usage statistics ........................................................................ 11.3 Changes to registry ...................................................................11.4 U.S. Government Regulations......................................................21.5 Copyright ................................................................................21.6 Quality assurance .....................................................................21.7 Patents...................................................................................21.8 Third-party licenses...................................................................21.8.1 GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) ........................21.8.2 Fonts (Source Han Sans).................................................31.8.3 Fonts (DejaVu) ..............................................................32 Safety information .............................................................................43 Notice to user ...................................................................................83.1 User-to-user forums ..................................................................83.2 Calibration...............................................................................83.3 Accuracy ................................................................................83.4 Disposal of electronic waste ........................................................83.5 Training ..................................................................................83.6 Documentation updates .............................................................83.7 Important note about this manual..................................................83.8 Note about authoritative versions..................................................84 Customer help ..................................................................................94.1 General ..................................................................................94.2 Submitting a question ................................................................94.3 Downloads............................................................................ 105 Introduction....................................................................................115.1 General description ................................................................. 115.2 Key benefits........................................................................... 116 Quick start guide ............................................................................. 126.1 Procedure............................................................................. 127 A note about ergonomics ................................................................. 137.1 General ................................................................................ 137.2 Figure .................................................................................. 138 Camera parts ..................................................................................148.1 View from the right .................................................................. 148.1.1 Figure........................................................................ 148.1.2 Explanation................................................................. 148.2 View from the left .................................................................... 148.2.1 Figure........................................................................ 148.2.2 Explanation................................................................. 148.3 View from the bottom............................................................... 158.3.1 Figure........................................................................ 158.3.2 Explanation................................................................. 158.4 View from the rear................................................................... 168.4.1 Figure........................................................................ 168.4.2 Explanation................................................................. 168.5 Neck strap attachment points .................................................... 178.5.1 Figure........................................................................ 178.6 Battery condition LED indicator.................................................. 178.6.1 Figure........................................................................ 178.6.2 Explanation................................................................. 178.7 Power LED indicator ................................................................ 188.7.1 Figure........................................................................ 18#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US vii
Table of contents8.7.2 Explanation................................................................. 188.8 Laser pointer ......................................................................... 188.8.1 Figure........................................................................ 188.8.2 Laser warning label....................................................... 198.8.3 Laser rules and regulations ............................................ 199 Screen elements ............................................................................. 209.1 Figure .................................................................................. 209.2 Explanation ........................................................................... 209.3 Status icons and indicators ....................................................... 209.4 Image overlay information......................................................... 2110 Navigating the menu system............................................................. 2210.1 General ................................................................................ 2210.2 Navigating using the joystick ..................................................... 2211 Handling the camera........................................................................ 2311.1 Charging the battery................................................................ 2311.1.1 Using the power supply to charge the battery ..................... 2311.1.2 Using the stand-alone battery charger to charge thebattery....................................................................... 2311.2 Turning on the camera ............................................................. 2311.2.1 Procedure .................................................................. 2311.3 Turning off the camera ............................................................. 2311.3.1 Procedure .................................................................. 2311.4 Adjusting the viewfinder’s dioptric correction ................................. 2411.4.1 Figure........................................................................ 2411.4.2 Procedure .................................................................. 2411.5 Adjusting the angle of the lens ................................................... 2511.5.1 Figure........................................................................ 2511.6 Adjusting the infrared camera focus manually ............................... 2511.6.1 Figure........................................................................ 2511.6.2 Procedure .................................................................. 2511.7 Autofocusing the infrared camera ............................................... 2611.7.1 General...................................................................... 2611.7.2 Figure........................................................................ 2611.7.3 Procedure .................................................................. 2611.8 Continuous autofocus .............................................................. 2611.8.1 General...................................................................... 2611.8.2 Procedure .................................................................. 2711.9 Operating the laser pointer........................................................ 2711.9.1 Figure........................................................................ 2811.9.2 Procedure .................................................................. 2811.10 Using the digital zoom function .................................................. 2811.10.1 General...................................................................... 2811.10.2 Figure........................................................................ 2911.10.3 Procedure .................................................................. 2911.11 Assigning functions to the programmable buttons .......................... 2911.11.1 General...................................................................... 2911.11.2 Procedure .................................................................. 3011.12 Using the camera lamp as a flash ............................................... 3011.12.1 General...................................................................... 3011.12.2 Procedure .................................................................. 3011.13 Changing lenses..................................................................... 3011.14 Using the close-up lens ............................................................ 3211.14.1 General...................................................................... 3211.14.2 Attaching the close-up lens ............................................ 3311.14.3 Removing the close-up lens............................................ 34#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US viii
Table of contents11.15 Changing the viewfinder eyecup................................................. 3611.16 Calibrating the compass........................................................... 3811.16.1 Procedure .................................................................. 3812 Saving and working with images ....................................................... 3912.1 About image files .................................................................... 3912.1.1 General...................................................................... 3912.1.2 File-naming convention ................................................. 3912.1.3 Image capacity ............................................................ 3912.1.4 About UltraMax............................................................ 3912.2 Saving an image..................................................................... 3912.2.1 General...................................................................... 3912.2.2 Procedure .................................................................. 3912.3 Previewing an image ............................................................... 4012.3.1 General...................................................................... 4012.3.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4012.4 Opening a saved image............................................................ 4012.4.1 General...................................................................... 4012.4.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4012.5 Editing a saved image.............................................................. 4112.5.1 General...................................................................... 4112.5.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4112.5.3 Related topics ............................................................. 4112.6 Creating a PDF report in the camera ........................................... 4112.6.1 General...................................................................... 4112.6.2 Naming convention....................................................... 4112.6.3 Procedure .................................................................. 4112.7 Deleting an image................................................................... 4212.7.1 General...................................................................... 4212.7.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4212.8 Deleting multiple images .......................................................... 4212.8.1 General...................................................................... 4212.8.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4212.9 Deleting all images.................................................................. 4212.9.1 General...................................................................... 4212.9.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4312.10 Resetting the image counter...................................................... 4312.10.1 General...................................................................... 4312.10.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4313 Achieving a good image ................................................................... 4413.1 General ................................................................................ 4413.2 Adjusting the infrared camera focus ............................................ 4413.3 Adjusting the infrared image ...................................................... 4413.3.1 General...................................................................... 4413.3.2 Example 1 .................................................................. 4513.3.3 Example 2 .................................................................. 4513.3.4 Manual adjustment in Level, Span mode ........................... 4513.3.5 Manual adjustment in Level, Max, Min mode ...................... 4613.4 Changing the temperature range ................................................ 4613.4.1 General...................................................................... 4613.4.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4613.5 Changing the color palette ........................................................ 4713.5.1 General...................................................................... 4713.5.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4713.6 Changing the object parameters ................................................ 4813.7 Calibrating the camera ............................................................. 48#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US ix
Table of contents13.7.1 General...................................................................... 4813.7.2 Manual calibration ........................................................ 4813.8 Hiding all overlay .................................................................... 4813.8.1 General...................................................................... 4813.8.2 Procedure .................................................................. 4914 Working with image modes............................................................... 5014.1 General ................................................................................ 5014.2 Image examples ..................................................................... 5014.3 Selecting the image mode ........................................................ 5115 Working with measurement tools ...................................................... 5215.1 General ................................................................................ 5215.2 Adding/removing measurement tools .......................................... 5215.3 Working with user presets......................................................... 5215.3.1 General...................................................................... 5215.3.2 Procedure .................................................................. 5215.4 Resizing or moving a measurement tool....................................... 5315.4.1 General...................................................................... 5315.4.2 Procedure .................................................................. 5315.5 Changing object parameters ..................................................... 5415.5.1 General...................................................................... 5415.5.2 Types of parameters ..................................................... 5415.5.3 Recommended values................................................... 5415.5.4 Procedure .................................................................. 5415.5.5 Related topics ............................................................. 5615.6 Displaying values in the result table and displaying a graph .............. 5615.6.1 General...................................................................... 5615.6.2 Procedure .................................................................. 5615.7 Creating and setting up a difference calculation ............................. 5715.7.1 General...................................................................... 5715.7.2 Procedure .................................................................. 5715.8 Setting a measurement alarm .................................................... 5715.8.1 General...................................................................... 5715.8.2 Types of alarm ............................................................. 5715.8.3 Alarm signals .............................................................. 5815.8.4 Procedure .................................................................. 5816 Working with color alarms and isotherms........................................... 6016.1 Color alarms.......................................................................... 6016.1.1 General...................................................................... 6016.1.2 Image examples .......................................................... 6016.2 Setting up above, below, and interval alarms................................. 6116.3 Building isotherms .................................................................. 6216.3.1 About the Condensation alarm ........................................ 6216.3.2 About the Insulation alarm.............................................. 6216.3.3 Setting up condensation and insulation alarms ................... 6217 Annotating images .......................................................................... 6317.1 General ................................................................................ 6317.2 Adding a note ........................................................................ 6317.2.1 General...................................................................... 6317.2.2 Procedure .................................................................. 6317.3 Adding a table........................................................................ 6317.3.1 General...................................................................... 6317.3.2 Procedure .................................................................. 6417.4 Adding a voice annotation......................................................... 6417.4.1 General...................................................................... 6417.4.2 Procedure .................................................................. 65#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US x
Table of contents17.5 Adding a sketch...................................................................... 6517.5.1 General...................................................................... 6517.5.2 Procedure .................................................................. 6518 Programming the camera (time lapse) ............................................... 6718.1 General ................................................................................ 6718.2 Procedure............................................................................. 6719 Recording video clips ...................................................................... 6819.1 General ................................................................................ 6819.2 Procedure............................................................................. 6820 Screening alarm .............................................................................. 6920.1 General ................................................................................ 6920.2 Procedure............................................................................. 6921 Pairing Bluetooth devices................................................................. 7021.1 General ................................................................................ 7021.2 Procedure............................................................................. 7022 Configuring Wi-Fi ............................................................................ 7122.1 General ................................................................................ 7122.2 Setting up a wireless access point (most common use) ................... 7122.3 Connecting the camera to a wireless local area network (lesscommon use)......................................................................... 7123 Changing settings ........................................................................... 7223.1 General ................................................................................ 7223.1.1 Define user presets ...................................................... 7223.1.2 Camera temperature range ............................................ 7223.1.3 Save options & storage.................................................. 7223.1.4 Programmable buttons .................................................. 7323.1.5 Device settings ............................................................ 7423.2 Procedure............................................................................. 7624 Technical data.................................................................................7724.1 Online field-of-view calculator .................................................... 7724.2 Note about technical data ......................................................... 7724.3 Note about authoritative versions................................................ 7724.4 FLIR T1020 12° ...................................................................... 7824.5 FLIR T1020 28° ...................................................................... 8324.6 FLIR T1020 45° ...................................................................... 8824.7 FLIR T1030sc 12° ................................................................... 9324.8 FLIR T1030sc 28° ................................................................... 9824.9 FLIR T1030sc 45° ................................................................. 10324.10 FLIR T1040 12° .................................................................... 10824.11 FLIR T1040 28° .................................................................... 11324.12 FLIR T1040 45° .................................................................... 11824.13 FLIR T1050sc 12° ................................................................. 12324.14 FLIR T1050sc 28° ................................................................. 12824.15 FLIR T1050sc 45° ................................................................. 13325 Mechanical drawings ..................................................................... 13826 Cleaning the camera ...................................................................... 14526.1 Camera housing, cables, and other items................................... 14526.1.1 Liquids..................................................................... 14526.1.2 Equipment................................................................ 14526.1.3 Procedure ................................................................ 14526.2 Infrared lens ........................................................................ 14526.2.1 Liquids..................................................................... 14526.2.2 Equipment................................................................ 14526.2.3 Procedure ................................................................ 145#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US xi
Table of contents26.3 Infrared detector ................................................................... 14526.3.1 General.................................................................... 14526.3.2 Procedure ................................................................ 14627 Application examples..................................................................... 14727.1 Moisture & water damage ....................................................... 14727.1.1 General.................................................................... 14727.1.2 Figure...................................................................... 14727.2 Faulty contact in socket .......................................................... 14727.2.1 General.................................................................... 14727.2.2 Figure...................................................................... 14727.3 Oxidized socket.................................................................... 14827.3.1 General.................................................................... 14827.3.2 Figure...................................................................... 14827.4 Insulation deficiencies............................................................ 14927.4.1 General.................................................................... 14927.4.2 Figure...................................................................... 14927.5 Draft .................................................................................. 15027.5.1 General.................................................................... 15027.5.2 Figure...................................................................... 15028 About FLIR Systems ...................................................................... 15128.1 More than just an infrared camera ............................................ 15228.2 Sharing our knowledge .......................................................... 15228.3 Supporting our customers....................................................... 15228.4 A few images from our facilities................................................ 15329 Glossary ...................................................................................... 15430 Thermographic measurement techniques ........................................ 15730.1 Introduction ........................................................................ 15730.2 Emissivity............................................................................ 15730.2.1 Finding the emissivity of a sample.................................. 15730.3 Reflected apparent temperature............................................... 16030.4 Distance ............................................................................. 16030.5 Relative humidity .................................................................. 16030.6 Other parameters.................................................................. 16031 History of infrared technology......................................................... 16232 Theory of thermography................................................................. 16532.1 Introduction ......................................................................... 16532.2 The electromagnetic spectrum................................................. 16532.3 Blackbody radiation............................................................... 16532.3.1 Planck’s law .............................................................. 16632.3.2 Wien’s displacement law.............................................. 16732.3.3 Stefan-Boltzmann's law ............................................... 16832.3.4 Non-blackbody emitters............................................... 16932.4 Infrared semi-transparent materials........................................... 17133 The measurement formula.............................................................. 17234 Emissivity tables ........................................................................... 17634.1 References.......................................................................... 17634.2 Tables ................................................................................ 176#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US xii
Disclaimers11.1 Legal disclaimerAll products manufactured by FLIR Systems are warranted against defective materialsand workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the delivery date of the original pur-chase, provided such products have been under normal storage, use and service, and inaccordance with FLIR Systems instruction.Uncooled handheld infrared cameras manufactured by FLIR Systems are warrantedagainst defective materials and workmanship for a period of two (2) years from the deliv-ery date of the original purchase, provided such products have been under normal stor-age, use and service, and in accordance with FLIR Systems instruction, and providedthat the camera has been registered within 60 days of original purchase.Detectors for uncooled handheld infrared cameras manufactured by FLIR Systems arewarranted against defective materials and workmanship for a period of ten (10) yearsfrom the delivery date of the original purchase, provided such products have been undernormal storage, use and service, and in accordance with FLIR Systems instruction, andprovided that the camera has been registered within 60 days of original purchase.Products which are not manufactured by FLIR Systems but included in systems deliv-ered by FLIR Systems to the original purchaser, carry the warranty, if any, of the particu-lar supplier only. FLIR Systems has no responsibility whatsoever for such products.The warranty extends only to the original purchaser and is not transferable. It is not appli-cable to any product which has been subjected to misuse, neglect, accident or abnormalconditions of operation. Expendable parts are excluded from the warranty.In the case of a defect in a product covered by this warranty the product must not be fur-ther used in order to prevent additional damage. The purchaser shall promptly report anydefect to FLIR Systems or this warranty will not apply.FLIR Systems will, at its option, repair or replace any such defective product free ofcharge if, upon inspection, it proves to be defective in material or workmanship and pro-vided that it is returned to FLIR Systems within the said one-year period.FLIR Systems has no other obligation or liability for defects than those set forth above.No other warranty is expressed or implied. FLIR Systems specifically disclaims the im-plied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.FLIR Systems shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequen-tial loss or damage, whether based on contract, tort or any other legal theory.This warranty shall be governed by Swedish law.Any dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or in connection with this warranty, shallbe finally settled by arbitration in accordance with the Rules of the Arbitration Institute ofthe Stockholm Chamber of Commerce. The place of arbitration shall be Stockholm. Thelanguage to be used in the arbitral proceedings shall be English.1.2 Usage statisticsFLIR Systems reserves the right to gather anonymous usage statistics to help maintainand improve the quality of our software and services.1.3 Changes to registryThe registry entry HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\LmCompatibilityLevel will be automatically changed to level 2 if the FLIR Camera Moni-tor service detects a FLIR camera connected to the computer with a USB cable. Themodification will only be executed if the camera device implements a remote networkservice that supports network logons.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 1
Disclaimers11.4 U.S. Government RegulationsThis product may be subject to U.S. Export Regulations. Please send any inquiries to ex-portquestions@flir.com.1.5 Copyright© 2015, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No parts of the software in-cluding source code may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed or translated into anylanguage or computer language in any form or by any means, electronic, magnetic, opti-cal, manual or otherwise, without the prior written permission of FLIR Systems.The documentation must not, in whole or part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced,translated or transmitted to any electronic medium or machine readable form without pri-or consent, in writing, from FLIR Systems.Names and marks appearing on the products herein are either registered trademarks ortrademarks of FLIR Systems and/or its subsidiaries. All other trademarks, trade namesor company names referenced herein are used for identification only and are the prop-erty of their respective owners.1.6 Quality assuranceThe Quality Management System under which these products are developed and manu-factured has been certified in accordance with the ISO 9001 standard.FLIR Systems is committed to a policy of continuous development; therefore we reservethe right to make changes and improvements on any of the products without prior notice.1.7 PatentsOne or several of the following patents and/or design patents may apply to the productsand/or features. Additional pending patents and/or pending design patents may alsoapply.000279476-0001; 000439161; 000499579-0001; 000653423; 000726344; 000859020;001106306-0001; 001707738; 001707746; 001707787; 001776519; 001954074;002021543; 002058180; 002249953; 002531178; 0600574-8; 1144833; 1182246;1182620; 1285345; 1299699; 1325808; 1336775; 1391114; 1402918; 1404291;1411581; 1415075; 1421497; 1458284; 1678485; 1732314; 2106017; 2107799;2381417; 3006596; 3006597; 466540; 483782; 484155; 4889913; 5177595;60122153.2; 602004011681.5-08; 6707044; 68657; 7034300; 7110035; 7154093;7157705; 7237946; 7312822; 7332716; 7336823; 7544944; 7667198; 7809258 B2;7826736; 8,153,971; 8,823,803; 8,853,631; 8018649 B2; 8212210 B2; 8289372;8354639 B2; 8384783; 8520970; 8565547; 8595689; 8599262; 8654239; 8680468;8803093; D540838; D549758; D579475; D584755; D599,392; D615,113; D664,580;D664,581; D665,004; D665,440; D677298; D710,424 S; D718801; DI6702302-9;DI6903617-9; DI7002221-6; DI7002891-5; DI7002892-3; DI7005799-0; DM/057692;DM/061609; EP 2115696 B1; EP2315433; SE 0700240-5; US 8340414 B2; ZL201330267619.5; ZL01823221.3; ZL01823226.4; ZL02331553.9; ZL02331554.7;ZL200480034894.0; ZL200530120994.2; ZL200610088759.5; ZL200630130114.4;ZL200730151141.4; ZL200730339504.7; ZL200820105768.8; ZL200830128581.2;ZL200880105236.4; ZL200880105769.2; ZL200930190061.9; ZL201030176127.1;ZL201030176130.3; ZL201030176157.2; ZL201030595931.3; ZL201130442354.9;ZL201230471744.3; ZL201230620731.8.1.8 Third-party licenses1.8.1 GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.en.html(Retrieved May 27, 2015)#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 2
Disclaimers11.8.2 Fonts (Source Han Sans)https://github.com/adobe-fonts/source-han-sans/blob/master/LICENSE.txt(Retrieved May 27, 2015)1.8.3 Fonts (DejaVu)http://dejavu-fonts.org/wiki/License(Retrieved May 27, 2015)#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 3
Safety information2WARNINGApplicability: Class B digital devices.This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pur-suant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection againstharmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radiofrequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmfulinterference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur ina particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television recep-tion, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to cor-rect the interference by one or more of the following measures:• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver isconnected.• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.WARNINGApplicability: Digital devices subject to 15.19/RSS-247 issue 1.NOTICE: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules and with RSS-247 issue 1 of IndustryCanada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:1. this device may not cause harmful interference, and2. this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesiredoperation.WARNINGApplicability: Digital devices subject to 15.21.NOTICE: Changes or modifications made to this equipment not expressly approved by FLIR Systemsmay void the FCC authorization to operate this equipment.WARNINGApplicability: Digital devices subject to 2.1091/2.1093/OET Bulletin 65.Radiofrequency radiation exposure Information: The radiated output power of the device is belowthe FCC/IC radio frequency exposure limits. Nevertheless, the device shall be used in such a mannerthat the potential for human contact during normal operation is minimized.WARNINGApplicability: Cameras with one or more laser pointers.Do not look directly into the laser beam. The laser beam can cause eye irritation.WARNINGApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not disassemble or do a modification to the battery. The battery contains safety and protection devi-ces which, if damage occurs, can cause the battery to become hot, or cause an explosion or an ignition.WARNINGApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.If there is a leak from the battery and you get the fluid in your eyes, do not rub your eyes. Flush well withwater and immediately get medical care. The battery fluid can cause injury to your eyes if you do not dothis.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 4
Safety information2WARNINGApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not continue to charge the battery if it does not become charged in the specified charging time. Ifyou continue to charge the battery, it can become hot and cause an explosion or ignition. Injury to per-sons can occur.WARNINGApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Only use the correct equipment to remove the electrical power from the battery. If you do not use thecorrect equipment, you can decrease the performance or the life cycle of the battery. If you do not usethe correct equipment, an incorrect flow of current to the battery can occur. This can cause the batteryto become hot, or cause an explosion. Injury to persons can occur.WARNINGMake sure that you read all applicable MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) and warning labels on con-tainers before you use a liquid. The liquids can be dangerous. Injury to persons can occur.CAUTIONDo not point the infrared camera (with or without the lens cover) at strong energy sources, for example,devices that cause laser radiation, or the sun. This can have an unwanted effect on the accuracy of thecamera. It can also cause damage to the detector in the camera.CAUTIONDo not use the camera in temperatures more than +50°C (+122°F), unless other information is specifiedin the user documentation or technical data. High temperatures can cause damage to the camera.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more laser pointers.To prevent damage, put the protective cap on the laser pointer when you do not operate the laserpointer. Damage to the laser pointer can occur if you do not do this.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not attach the batteries directly to a car’s cigarette lighter socket, unless FLIR Systems supplies aspecific adapter to connect the batteries to a cigarette lighter socket. Damage to the batteries canoccur.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not connect the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery to each other with a metalobject (such as wire). Damage to the batteries can occur.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not get water or salt water on the battery, or permit the battery to become wet. Damage to the bat-teries can occur.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not make holes in the battery with objects. Damage to the battery can occur.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 5
Safety information2CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not hit the battery with a hammer. Damage to the battery can occur.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not put your foot on the battery, hit it or cause shocks to it. Damage to the battery can occur.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not put the batteries in or near a fire, or into direct sunlight. When the battery becomes hot, the built-in safety equipment becomes energized and can stop the battery charging procedure. If the battery be-comes hot, damage can occur to the safety equipment and this can cause more heat, damage or igni-tion of the battery.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not put the battery on a fire or increase the temperature of the battery with heat. Damage to the bat-tery and injury to persons can occur.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not put the battery on or near fires, stoves, or other high-temperature locations. Damage to the bat-tery and injury to persons can occur.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not solder directly onto the battery. Damage to the battery can occur.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Do not use the battery if, when you use, charge, or put the battery in storage, there is an unusual smellfrom the battery, the battery feels hot, changes color, changes shape, or is in an unusual condition.Speak with your sales office if one or more of these problems occurs. Damage to the battery and injuryto persons can occur.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Only use a specified battery charger when you charge the battery. Damage to the battery can occur ifyou do not do this.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Only use a specified battery for the camera. Damage to the camera and the battery can occur if you donot do this.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.The temperature range through which you can charge the battery is ±0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F),unless other information is specified in the user documentation or technical data. If you charge the bat-tery at temperatures out of this range, it can cause the battery to become hot or to break. It can also de-crease the performance or the life cycle of the battery.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 6
Safety information2CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.The temperature range through which you can remove the electrical power from the battery is -15°C to+50°C (+5°F to +122°F), unless other information is specified in the user documentation or technicaldata. If you operate the battery out of this temperature range, it can decrease the performance or the lifecycle of the battery.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.When the battery is worn, apply insulation to the terminals with adhesive tape or equivalent materialsbefore you discard it. Damage to the battery and injury to persons can occur if you do not do this.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with one or more batteries.Remove any water or moisture on the battery before you install it. Damage to the battery can occur ifyou do not do this.CAUTIONDo not apply solvents or equivalent liquids to the camera, the cables, or other items. Damage to the bat-tery and injury to persons can occur.CAUTIONBe careful when you clean the infrared lens. The lens has an anti-reflective coating which is easily dam-aged. Damage to the infrared lens can occur.CAUTIONDo not use too much force to clean the infrared lens. This can cause damage to the anti-reflectivecoating.NOTEThe encapsulation rating is only applicable when all the openings on the camera are sealed with theircorrect covers, hatches, or caps. This includes the compartments for data storage, batteries, andconnectors.CAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with a viewfinder.Make sure that the beams from the intensive energy sources do not go into the viewfinder. The beamscan cause damage to the camera. This includes the devices that emit laser radiation, or the sun.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 7
Notice to user33.1 User-to-user forumsExchange ideas, problems, and infrared solutions with fellow thermographers around theworld in our user-to-user forums. To go to the forums, visit:http://www.infraredtraining.com/community/boards/3.2 CalibrationWe recommend that you send in the camera for calibration once a year. Contact your lo-cal sales office for instructions on where to send the camera.3.3 AccuracyFor very accurate results, we recommend that you wait 5 minutes after you have startedthe camera before measuring a temperature.3.4 Disposal of electronic wasteAs with most electronic products, this equipment must be disposed of in an environmen-tally friendly way, and in accordance with existing regulations for electronic waste.Please contact your FLIR Systems representative for more details.3.5 TrainingTo read about infrared training, visit:• http://www.infraredtraining.com• http://www.irtraining.com• http://www.irtraining.eu3.6 Documentation updatesOur manuals are updated several times per year, and we also issue product-critical notifi-cations of changes on a regular basis.To access the latest manuals and notifications, go to the Download tab at:http://support.flir.comIt only takes a few minutes to register online. In the download area you will also find thelatest releases of manuals for our other products, as well as manuals for our historicaland obsolete products.3.7 Important note about this manualFLIR Systems issues generic manuals that cover several cameras within a model line.This means that this manual may contain descriptions and explanations that do not applyto your particular camera model.3.8 Note about authoritative versionsThe authoritative version of this publication is English. In the event of divergences due totranslation errors, the English text has precedence.Any late changes are first implemented in English.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 8
Customer help44.1 GeneralFor customer help, visit:http://support.flir.com4.2 Submitting a questionTo submit a question to the customer help team, you must be a registered user. It onlytakes a few minutes to register online. If you only want to search the knowledgebase forexisting questions and answers, you do not need to be a registered user.When you want to submit a question, make sure that you have the following informationto hand:#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 9
Customer help4• The camera model• The camera serial number• The communication protocol, or method, between the camera and your device (for ex-ample, HDMI, Ethernet, USB, or FireWire)• Device type (PC/Mac/iPhone/iPad/Android device, etc.)• Version of any programs from FLIR Systems• Full name, publication number, and revision number of the manual4.3 DownloadsOn the customer help site you can also download the following:• Firmware updates for your infrared camera.• Program updates for your PC/Mac software.• Freeware and evaluation versions of PC/Mac software.• User documentation for current, obsolete, and historical products.• Mechanical drawings (in *.dxf and *.pdf format).• Cad data models (in *.stp format).• Application stories.• Technical datasheets.• Product catalogs.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 10
Introduction55.1 General descriptionThe FLIR T10xx series is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance andthe latest technology available. The camera series combines excellent ergonomics andfeature-rich flexibility with superior image quality of 1024 × 768 pixel infrared resolution.High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometric recording and streaming optionsmake the FLIR T10xx series well suited for advanced research and development.5.2 Key benefits• Tailor made for research and development: The FLIR T10xx series has high accuracyand high sensitivity, to accurately measure the smallest temperature differences. Withreal-time radiometric recording by the camera, it is possible to capture fast events onthe camera’s SD card for further analysis by the supplied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makesthe camera flexible for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy ac-cess to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The FLIR T10xx series is equippedwith the innovative Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) feature, which produces animage richer in detail than ever before. Continuous auto-focus makes the FLIR T10xxseries a fully automatic infrared camera series.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 11
Quick start guide66.1 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Put a battery into the battery compartment.2. Charge the battery for 4 hours before starting the camera for the first time.3. Insert a memory card into the card slot.4. Push the On/off button to turn on the camera.5. Aim the camera toward the object of interest.6. Adjust the focus.NOTEIt is very important to adjust the focus correctly. Incorrect focus adjustment affects how the imagemodes work. It also affects the temperature measurement.7. Push the Save button fully down to save an image.8. Go to http://support.flir.com/tools and download FLIR Tools.9. Install FLIR Tools on your computer.10. Start FLIR Tools.11. Connect the camera to the computer using a USB cable.12. Import the images into FLIR Tools.13. Select one or more images.14. Click Generate report.15. Click Export to export the report as a PDF file.16. Send the PDF report to your client.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 12
A note about ergonomics77.1 GeneralTo prevent strain-related injuries, it is important that you hold the camera ergonomicallycorrect. This section gives advice and examples on how to hold the camera.NOTEPlease note the following:• Always tilt the touch-screen LCD to suit your work position.• When you hold the camera, make sure that you support the optics housing with your left hand too.This decreases the strain on your right hand.• Always use the supplied neck strap. See section 8.5 Neck strap attachment points, page 17.7.2 Figure#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 13
Camera parts88.1 View from the right8.1.1 Figure8.1.2 Explanation1. Knob to change the dioptric correction for the viewfinder.2. Hand strap.3. Digital zoom button.4. Save button (push fully down).NOTEBy default, the camera will autofocus when you push the Save button half-way down. To disable theautofocus function of the Save button, select (Settings) > Save options & storage >Save but-ton half-press =None.8.2 View from the left8.2.1 Figure8.2.2 Explanation1. Digital camera.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 14
Camera parts82. Camera lamp.3. Laser pointer.NOTEThe laser pointer may not be enabled in all markets.4. Infrared lens.5. Camera lamp.6. Digital camera.7. Focusing ring.8. Programmable button .9. Button to operate the laser pointer.8.3 View from the bottom8.3.1 Figure8.3.2 Explanation1. Memory card.2. LED indicator showing that the memory card is busy.NOTE• Do not eject the memory card when this LED is flashing.• Do not connect the camera to a computer when this LED is flashing.3. USB Micro B cable (to connect the camera to a computer).4. HDMI cable (for digital video output).5. Battery condition LED indicator.6. Power supply cable (to power the camera and charge the battery).7. High-speed interface cable.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 15
Camera parts88. Tripod mount.9. Button to release the lens.10. Latch to release the battery.8.4 View from the rear8.4.1 Figure8.4.2 Explanation1. Sensor that adjusts the touch-screen LCD intensity automatically.2. button.Function:• Push to switch between touch-screen LCD mode and viewfinder mode.3. Viewfinder.4. Programmable button .5. Joystick with push-button functionality.Function:• Move the joystick left/right or up/down to navigate in menus, submenus, and dia-log boxes, and to change values in dialog boxes.• Push the joystick to confirm changes and settings in menus and dialog boxes.6. Back button .Function:• Push to leave dialog boxes and to go back in the menu system.7. Camera lamp button .Function:• Push to turn on or off the camera lamp.NOTEThe camera lamp must be enabled. Select (Settings) > Device settings >Set up camera >Lamp & laser >Enable lamp & laser.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 16
Camera parts88. button.Function:• Push to switch between automatic and manual image adjustment mode.9. Image archive button .Function:• Push to open the image archive.• Push and hold for more than 2 seconds to perform a manual calibration.10. Touch-screen LCD.11. Power indicator.12. On/off button .Function:• Push and release to turn on the camera.• Push and hold for more than 0.2 second to turn off the camera.8.5 Neck strap attachment points8.5.1 Figure8.6 Battery condition LED indicator8.6.1 Figure8.6.2 ExplanationType of signal ExplanationThe green LED flashes twice per second. The battery is being charged.The green LED glows continuously. The battery is fully charged.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 17
Camera parts88.7 Power LED indicator8.7.1 Figure8.7.2 ExplanationType of signal ExplanationThe LED is off. The camera is off.The LED is blue. The camera is on.8.8 Laser pointer8.8.1 FigureFigure 8.1 This figure shows the difference in position between the laser pointer and the optical center ofthe infrared lens.WARNINGDo not look directly into the laser beam. The laser beam can cause eye irritation.NOTEThe symbol is displayed on the screen when the laser pointer is on.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 18
Camera parts8NOTEThe laser pointer is enabled by a setting. Select (Settings) > Device settings >Set up camera >Lamp & laser >Enable lamp & laser.NOTEThe laser pointer may not be enabled in all markets.8.8.2 Laser warning labelA laser warning label with the following information is attached to the camera:8.8.3 Laser rules and regulationsWavelength: 635 nm. Maximum output power: 1 mW.This product complies with 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11 except for deviations pursuantto Laser Notice No. 50, dated June 24, 2007.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 19
Screen elements99.1 Figure9.2 Explanation1. Programmable button P4.2. Programmable button P3.3. Digital zoom factor.4. Result table.5. Status icons.6. Measurement tool (e.g., spotmeter).7. Temperature scale.8. Submenu.9. Main menu.10. Settings button.11. Color button.12. Measurement button.13. Image mode button.14. Measurement parameters button.15. Recording mode button.9.3 Status icons and indicatorsBattery status indicator.Memory card storage status indicator.Manual adjustment mode is enabled.The camera lamp is turned on.The camera is connected to a device using USB.Wi-Fi connectivity indicator.Bluetooth connectivity indicator.A Bluetooth headset is connected.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 20
Screen elements9The GPS indicator.• Gray icon: The GPS is enabled, but there is nosatellite contact.• White icon: The GPS is enabled, with satellitecontact.External infrared window compensation isenabled.The laser pointer is turned on.9.4 Image overlay informationThe image information consists of items such as date, emissivity, and atmospheric tem-perature. All image information is saved in the image file and can be viewed in the imagearchive. You can also choose to display selected items as image overlay information. Allimage overlay information displayed on the live image will also be displayed on saved im-ages. For more information, see sections 23.1.5 Device settings, page 74 and 13.8 Hid-ing all overlay, page 48.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 21
Navigating the menu system1010.1 GeneralThe figure above shows the two ways to navigate the menu system in the camera:• Using the index finger or a stylus pen specially designed for capacitive touch usage tonavigate the menu system (left).• Using the joystick to navigate the menu system (right) and the Back button.You can also use a combination of the two.In this manual, it is assumed that the joystick is used, but most tasks can also be carriedout using the index finger or a stylus pen.10.2 Navigating using the joystickYou navigate the menu system by using the joystick and the Back button:• To display the menu system, push the joystick.• To navigate in menus, submenus, and dialog boxes, and to change values in dialogboxes, move the joystick up/down or left/right.• To confirm changes and settings in menus and dialog boxes, push the joystick.• To leave dialog boxes and to go back in the menu system, push the Back button .#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 22
Handling the camera1111.1 Charging the batteryNOTEYou must charge the battery for 4 hours before you start using the camera for the first time.11.1.1 Using the power supply to charge the battery11.1.1.1 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Connect the power supply cable plug to the power connector on the camera.2. Connect the power supply mains-electricity plug to a mains socket.3. Disconnect the power supply cable plug when the green light of the battery conditionLED indicator is continuous.11.1.2 Using the stand-alone battery charger to charge the battery11.1.2.1 ExplanationType of signal ExplanationThe blue LED flashes. The battery is being charged.The blue LED glows continuous. The battery is fully charged.11.1.2.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Put the battery in the battery charger.2. Connect the power supply cable plug to the connector on the battery charger.3. Connect the power supply mains-electricity plug to a mains socket.4. Disconnect the power supply cable plug when the blue LED on the battery charger iscontinuous.11.2 Turning on the camera11.2.1 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. To turn on the camera, push and release the On/off button .11.3 Turning off the camera11.3.1 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. To turn off the camera, push and hold the On/off button for more than 0.2 second.NOTEIn the rare event of the camera not responding to commands, push and hold the On/off button formore than 10 seconds to turn off the camera. Do not remove the battery.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 23
Handling the camera1111.4 Adjusting the viewfinder’s dioptric correction11.4.1 FigureCAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with a viewfinder.Make sure that the beams from the intensive energy sources do not go into the viewfinder. The beamscan cause damage to the camera. This includes the devices that emit laser radiation, or the sun.11.4.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the button to switch from touch-screen LCD mode to viewfinder mode.2. To adjust the viewfinder’s dioptric correction, look through the viewfinder and rotatethe adjustment knob clockwise or counter-clockwise for best sharpness.NOTE• Maximum dioptric correction: +2.• Minimum dioptric correction: –2.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 24
Handling the camera1111.5 Adjusting the angle of the lens11.5.1 Figure11.6 Adjusting the infrared camera focus manually11.6.1 Figure11.6.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Do one of the following:• For far focus, rotate the focus ring clockwise (looking at the touch-screen LCDside).• For near focus, rotate the focus ring counter-clockwise (looking at the touch-screen LCD side).#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 25
Handling the camera11NOTE• Do not touch the lens surface when you adjust the infrared camera focus manually. If this happens,clean the lens according to the instructions in 26.2 Infrared lens, page 145.• The focus ring can be rotated infinitely, but only a certain amount of rotation is needed whenfocusing.• The response of the focus mechanism depends on the rotation speed of the focus ring, meaningthat the focus will change faster if you rotate the focus ring faster.11.7 Autofocusing the infrared camera11.7.1 GeneralThe camera will autofocus when you push the Save button half-way down.NOTE• You can disable the autofocus function of the Save button. Select (Settings) > Save options &storage >Save button half-press >None.• You can assign the autofocus function to the programmable button or . For more information,see section 11.11 Assigning functions to the programmable buttons, page 29.11.7.2 Figure11.7.3 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the Save button half-way down.11.8 Continuous autofocus11.8.1 GeneralThe camera can be set up to perform continuous autofocusing.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 26
Handling the camera11NOTE• In this mode, the digital camera is used, which means that continuous autofocus will not work indarkness.• When continuous autofocus is enabled, it is not possible to manually adjust the focus by rotating thefocus ring.• To stop the continuous autofocusing (e.g. to stabilize the focus before saving an image), push theSave button half-way down.11.8.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Device settings and push the joystick.5. Select Continuous autofocus and push the joystick.6. Select On and push the joystick.NOTEYou can also assign the function Continuous autofocus to one of the programmable buttons. Select(Settings) > Programmable buttons.11.9 Operating the laser pointerWARNINGDo not look directly into the laser beam. The laser beam can cause eye irritation.NOTEThe laser pointer is enabled by a setting. Select (Settings) > Device settings >Lamp & laser >Ena-ble lamp & laser.NOTEThe laser pointer may not be enabled in all markets.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 27
Handling the camera1111.9.1 Figure11.9.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. To turn on the laser pointer, push and hold the laser button.2. To turn off the laser pointer, release the laser button.NOTE• The symbol is displayed on the screen when the laser pointer is on.• The position of the laser dot is indicated on the infrared image (depending on the camera model).11.10 Using the digital zoom function11.10.1 GeneralThe high resolution of the detector allows digital zooming without deterioration of the im-age quality.The current zoom factor is displayed in the upper left corner of the screen.In preview/edit mode, it is possible to pan a zoomed image by touching the screen.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 28
Handling the camera1111.10.2 Figure11.10.3 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. To zoom, push the zoom button left or right.11.11 Assigning functions to the programmable buttons11.11.1 GeneralThere are four programmable buttons: two hardware buttons, and two software buttonson the screen.1. Programmable button .2. Programmable button .3. Programmable button P3.4. Programmable button P4.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 29
Handling the camera11You can assign different functions to the programmable buttons. For a complete list offunctions, see section 23.1.4 Programmable buttons, page 73.11.11.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Programmable buttons and push the joystick.5. Select one of the buttons and push the joystick:•P Button: Hardware button .•P2 Button: Hardware button .•P3 Button (on screen): Software button P3 on the screen.•P4 Button (on screen): Software button P4 on the screen.6. Select one of the functions and push the joystick.11.12 Using the camera lamp as a flash11.12.1 GeneralThe camera lamp can be used as a flash for the digital camera. When the flash functionis activated, the camera lamp will flash when an image is saved by pushing the Save but-ton fully down.11.12.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Device settings and push the joystick.5. Select Lamp & laser and push the joystick.6. Select Enable lamp & laser + Use lamp as flash and push the joystick.NOTEYou can also assign the function Switch camera flash On <> Off to one of the programmable buttons.Select (Settings) > Programmable buttons.11.13 Changing lensesNOTEDo not touch the lens surface when you change lenses. If this happens, clean the lens according to theinstructions in 26.2 Infrared lens, page 145.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 30
Handling the camera11Follow this procedure:1. Take a firm grip around the outermost part of the lens.2. Push the release button and rotate the lens 45° counter-clockwise.3. Carefully pull out the lens from the lens bayonet mount.4. The infrared detector is now fully exposed. Do not touch this surface. If you see duston the detector, follow the instructions in 26.3 Infrared detector, page 145.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 31
Handling the camera115. Note the index marks on the lens bayonet mount and on the lens.6. Align the lens correctly to the bayonet mount. Carefully push the lens into position.7. Rotate the lens 45° clockwise. The lens makes a click when it locks in place.11.14 Using the close-up lens11.14.1 GeneralIf you need to look at small objects very close up, you can attach the close-up lens to theinfrared lens.When the close-up lens is attached, the digital camera and the infrared camera do notsee the same scene. This means that functions that are based on content captured bythe digital camera cannot be used, e.g., continuous autofocus and some image modes.When using the close-up lens, keep the following in mind:• You must activate the global parameter External IR window compensation.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 32
Handling the camera11• The working distance for the close-up lens is 97 mm. (The working distance is the dis-tance between the front of the lens and the closest surface of the object when the ob-ject is in sharp focus.)• For best performance, adjust the focus to infinity.• Only use the Thermal image mode.• Deactivate continuous autofocus. For more informations, see section 11.8 Continuousautofocus, page 26.• Do not use the laser pointer.NOTEThe close-up lens can only be used with the infrared lens f= 36 mm (28°).11.14.2 Attaching the close-up lensNOTEDo not touch the lens surfaces when you attach the close-up lens. If this happens, clean the lens ac-cording to the instructions in 26.2 Infrared lens, page 145.Follow this procedure:1. Remove the outermost rubber protection from the infrared lens.2. Align the close-up lens with the infrared lens. Carefully push the close-up lens intoposition.3. Turn the close-up lens clockwise until it stops.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 33
Handling the camera114. Adjust the focus to infinity by turning the focus ring clockwise (looking at the touch-screen LCD side).5. Activate the global parameter External IR window compensation by doing thefollowing:5.1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.5.2. Select (Measurement parameters) and push the joystick. This displays asubmenu.5.3. Select (External IR window compensation) and push the joystick. Thisdisplays a dialog box.5.4. In the dialog box, define the settings for the infrared window compensation:•Turn compensation on/off: Select On.•Temperature: Select the temperature of the close-up lens.•Transmission: Select the transmission of the close-up lens. The transmis-sion is printed on the close-up lens.5.5. Push the Back button to go back in the menu system.5.6. The status icon is now displayed.6. Select the image mode Thermal by doing the following:6.1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.6.2. Select (Image mode) and push the joystick. This displays a submenu.6.3. Select (Thermal) and push the joystick.6.4. Push the Back button to go back in the menu system.11.14.3 Removing the close-up lensNOTEDo not touch the lens surfaces when you remove the close-up lens. If this happens, clean the lens ac-cording to the instructions in 26.2 Infrared lens, page 145.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 34
Handling the camera11Follow this procedure:1. Turn the close-up lens counter-clockwise until it comes off the infrared lens.2. Carefully pull out the close-up lens from the infrared lens.3. Note the grooves on the infrared lens and their counterparts on the inside of the rub-ber protection4. Align the rubber protection with the infrared lens.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 35
Handling the camera115. Push the rubber protection into position.6. Deactivate the global parameter External IR window compensation by doing thefollowing:6.1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.6.2. Select (Measurement parameters) and push the joystick. This displays asubmenu.6.3. Select (External IR window compensation) and push the joystick. Thisdisplays a dialog box.6.4. In the dialog box, select Turn compensation on/off =Off.6.5. Push the Back button to go back in the menu system.11.15 Changing the viewfinder eyecupCAUTIONApplicability: Cameras with a viewfinder.Make sure that the beams from the intensive energy sources do not go into the viewfinder. The beamscan cause damage to the camera. This includes the devices that emit laser radiation, or the sun.NOTEThis item is dependent on the camera model.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 36
Handling the camera11Follow this procedure:1. Put your thumbs at the lower part of the eyecup. Push the eyecup horizontally, awayfrom the touch-screen LCD side, until the eyecup slides out from its mount.NOTETo remove the eyecup, you must slide it out from its mount. Do not pull the eyecup straight up.2. Note the grooves on the eyecup mount on the camera and on the new eyecup.3. Align the new eyecup with the eyecup mount on the camera.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 37
Handling the camera114. Carefully slide the eyecup into position.11.16 Calibrating the compass11.16.1 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Device settings and push the joystick.5. Depending on the camera configuration, select Wireless & geolocation,Wireless, orGeolocation and push the joystick.6. Select Compass and push the joystick.7. If the Compass check box is unchecked, push the joystick to enable the compass.8. Select Calibrate compass and push the joystick. Follow the on-screen instructions.NOTEYou have to rotate the camera slowly.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 38
Saving and working with images1212.1 About image files12.1.1 GeneralYou can save images to the memory card.The camera saves an image file including all thermal and visual information. This meansthat you can open an image file at a later time and, for example, select another imagemode, apply color alarms, and add measurement tools.The image jpg file is fully radiometric and saved lossless, which enables full post-proc-essing in image analysis and reporting software from FLIR Systems. There is also a reg-ular jpg part (lossy) for convenient viewing in non-FLIR Systems software (e.g., MicrosoftExplorer).The camera can also be configured to save an extra visual image as a separate file. Se-lect (Settings) > Save options & storage >Photo as separate JPEG =On.12.1.2 File-naming conventionThe default naming convention for image files is FLIRxxxx.jpg, where xxxx is a uniquecounter.It is also possible to save images with a date prefix added to the file name. However,these files may not automatically be detected by third-party applications. For more infor-mation, see section the setting File naming format in section 23.1.3 Save options & stor-age, page 72.12.1.3 Image capacityThe capacity of a 4 GB memory card is theoretically 1000 images (with no annotations).12.1.4 About UltraMaxUltraMax is an image enhancement feature that increases the image resolution and low-ers the noise, making small objects easier to see and measure. An UltraMax image istwice as wide and high as an ordinary image.When an UltraMax image is captured by the camera, several ordinary images are savedin the same file. Capturing all the images can take up to 1 second. To fully utilize Ultra-Max, the images need to be slightly different, which can be accomplished by a slightmovement of the camera. You should hold the camera firmly in your hands (do not put iton a tripod), which will make these images vary just a little during the capture. Correct fo-cus, a high-contrast scene, and a non-moving target are other conditions that help toachieve a good-quality UltraMax image.At the moment, only FLIR Tools has the ability to process UltraMax images. Other FLIRsoftware will treat the image as a regular image.To configure the camera for UltraMax, select (Settings) > Save options & storage >Image resolution =UltraMax.12.2 Saving an image12.2.1 GeneralYou can save images to the memory card.12.2.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. To save an image, push the Save button fully down.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 39
Saving and working with images12NOTEDepending on the settings in (Settings) > Save options & storage, the following may happen:• A preview image is displayed before the image is saved.• An annotation tool or the annotation menu is displayed when the image has been saved.12.3 Previewing an image12.3.1 GeneralYou can preview an image before you save it. This enables you to see if the image con-tains the information you want before you save it. You can also adjust and edit the image.NOTEThe camera must be configured to display a preview image before saving. Select (Settings) > Saveoptions & storage >Preview image before saving =On.12.3.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. To preview an image, push the Save button fully down. This displays the preview.2. Manual image adjustment mode is now active, and the status icon is displayed.For image adjustment instructions, see section 13.3 Adjusting the infrared image,page 44.3. To edit the image, push the joystick. This displays a context menu. For editing instruc-tions, see section 12.5 Editing a saved image, page 41.4. Do one of the following:• To save the image, push the Save button fully down.• To exit preview mode without saving, push the Back button .12.4 Opening a saved image12.4.1 GeneralWhen you save an image, the image file is stored on the memory card. To display the im-age again, open it from the image archive.12.4.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the Image archive button .2. Move the joystick up/down or left/right to select the image you want to view.3. Push the joystick. This displays the image at full size.4. Do one or more of the following:• To switch between an infrared image and a visual image, move the joystick up/down.• To view the previous/next image, move the joystick left/right.• To edit the image, add annotations, display information, or delete the image, pushthe joystick. This displays a context menu.• To return to the image archive overview, push the Back button .#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 40
Saving and working with images1212.5 Editing a saved image12.5.1 GeneralYou can edit a saved image. You can also edit an image in preview mode.12.5.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Open the image in the image archive.2. Push the joystick and select (Edit) from the menu.3. Manual image adjustment mode is now active, and the status icon is displayed.For image adjustment instructions, see section 13.3 Adjusting the infrared image,page 44.4. Push the joystick. This displays a context menu.• Select (Cancel) to exit edit mode.• Select (Measurement parameters) to change the global parameters.• Select (Image mode) to change the image mode.• Select (Measurement) to add a measurement tool.• Select (Color) to change the color palette or set a color alarm.• Select (Save) to save and exit edit mode.12.5.3 Related topics• 15.5 Changing object parameters, page 54.• 14 Working with image modes, page 50.• 15 Working with measurement tools, page 52.• 13.5 Changing the color palette, page 47.• 16 Working with color alarms and isotherms, page 60.12.6 Creating a PDF report in the camera12.6.1 GeneralYou can create a PDF report and save it to the memory card. You can then transfer thePDF report to a computer, iPhone, or iPad using FLIR Tools, and send the report to acustomer.12.6.2 Naming conventionThe naming convention for report files is REPORTxxxx.jpg, where xxxx is a uniquecounter.12.6.3 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the Image archive button .2. Move the joystick up/down or left/right to select an image.3. Push the joystick to display the image.4. Push the joystick to display a context menu.5. Select (Information & reports) and push the joystick. This displays informationabout the image.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 41
Saving and working with images126. Select Create report and push the joystick. The created report will be available in thearchive.12.7 Deleting an image12.7.1 GeneralYou can delete an image file from the memory card.NOTENote that both images in the image file (thermal and visual) will be deleted.12.7.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the Image archive button .2. Move the joystick up/down or left/right to select the image you want to delete.3. Push the joystick to display the image.4. Push the joystick and select (Delete) from the menu. This displays a dialog box.5. Use the joystick to select Delete. Push the joystick to confirm.12.8 Deleting multiple images12.8.1 GeneralYou can delete multiple image files from the memory card.12.8.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the Image archive button .2. Touch and hold one of the images you want to delete. This displays a context menu.3. Touch all the other images you want to delete.4. Use the joystick to select (Delete) and push the joystick. This displays a dialogbox.5. Use the joystick to select Delete. Push the joystick to confirm.12.9 Deleting all images12.9.1 GeneralYou can delete all image files from the memory card.NOTEThis will delete all files (images, videos, and reports) from the memory card.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 42
Saving and working with images1212.9.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Save options & storage and push the joystick.5. Select Delete all saved files... and push the joystick. This displays a dialog box whereyou can choose to execute the delete action or to cancel.6. To permanently delete all saved files, select Delete and push the joystick.12.10 Resetting the image counter12.10.1 GeneralYou can reset the numbering of the image file names.NOTETo prevent image files being overwritten, the new counter value will be based on the highest existing filename number in the image archive.12.10.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Device settings and push the joystick.5. Select Reset options and push the joystick.6. Select Reset image counter... and push the joystick. This displays a dialog box whereyou can choose to execute the reset action or to cancel.7. To reset the counter, select Reset and push the joystick.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 43
Achieving a good image1313.1 GeneralA good image depends on several different settings, although some settings affect theimage more than others.These are the settings you need to experiment with:• Adjusting the infrared camera focus.• Adjusting the infrared image, automatically or manually.• Selecting a suitable temperature range.• Selecting a suitable color palette.• Changing object parameters.• Calibrating the camera.The following sections explain how to change these settings.In some situations, you may also want to hide the overlay graphics for a better view.13.2 Adjusting the infrared camera focusIt is very important to adjust the focus correctly. Incorrect focus adjustment affects howthe image modes work. It also affects the temperature measurement.You can adjust the focus manually by rotating the focus ring. For more information, seesection 11.6 Adjusting the infrared camera focus manually, page 25.You can autofocus the camera by the press of a button:• By default, the camera will autofocus when you push the Save button half-way down.To change the function of the Save button, select (Settings) > Save options &storage >Save button half-press.• You can assign the autofocus function to the programmable button or . For moreinformation, see section 11.11 Assigning functions to the programmable buttons,page 29.The infrared camera can also be set up to perform continuous autofocusing. For more in-formation, see section 11.8 Continuous autofocus, page 26.13.3 Adjusting the infrared image13.3.1 GeneralAn infrared image can be adjusted automatically or manually.In automatic mode, the camera continuously adjusts the level and span for the best im-age presentation. The colors are distributed based on the thermal content of the image(histogram color distribution). The temperature scale to the right of the screen shows theupper and lower temperatures of the current span.In manual mode, you can adjust the temperature scale to values close to the temperatureof a certain object in the image. This will make it possible to detect anomalies and small-er temperature differences in the interesting part of the image. In manual mode, the col-ors are distributed evenly from the lowest to the highest temperature (linear colordistribution). This is indicated by lines on the temperature scale.There are two different settings for the manual adjustment mode:•Level, Span: With this setting, you can manually adjust the level and span.•Level, Max, Min: With this setting, you can manually adjust the level. You can alsochange the upper and lower temperatures individually.Select the type of manual image adjustment mode under (Settings) > Device set-tings >User interface options >Manual adjustment mode.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 44
Achieving a good image13When manual image adjustment mode is active, the status icon is displayed.• In live mode, push the button to switch between automatic and manual image ad-justment modes. You can also switch between the modes by touching the temperaturescale on the screen.• In preview/edit mode, manual image adjustment mode is active.NOTEYou can also assign the function Auto adjust the manual temperature scale to one of the programmablebuttons, which allows you to perform an automatic adjustment of the image while remaining in manualimage adjustment mode. Select (Settings) > Programmable buttons.13.3.2 Example 1Here are two infrared images of a building. In the left image, which is auto-adjusted, thelarge temperature span between the clear sky and the heated building makes a correctanalysis difficult. You can analyze the building in more detail if you change the tempera-ture scale to values close to the temperature of the building.Auto adjustment mode Manual adjustment mode13.3.3 Example 2Here are two infrared images of an isolator in a power line. To make it easier to analyzethe temperature variations in the isolator, the temperature in the right image has beenchanged to values close to the temperature of the isolator.Automatic adjustment mode Manual adjustment mode13.3.4 Manual adjustment in Level, Span modeNOTEThis procedure assumes that you have configured the camera to do manual image adjustments in Lev-el, Span mode. Select Settings >Device settings >User interface options >Manual adjustment mode =Level, Span.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 45
Achieving a good image13Follow this procedure:1. In live mode, push the button to enter manual adjustment mode.2. Move the joystick up/down to increase/decrease the level.3. Move the joystick left/right to increase/decrease the span.4. (Optional step.) In preview/edit mode, push the button to perform a one-shot auto-adjust sequence.13.3.5 Manual adjustment in Level, Max, Min modeNOTEThis procedure assumes that you have configured the camera for manual image adjustments in Level,Max, Min mode. Select Settings >Device settings >User interface options >Manual adjustment mode=Level, Max, Min.Follow this procedure:1. In live mode, push the button to enter manual adjustment mode.2. To simultaneously change the temperature scale minimum and maximum limits,move the joystick up/down.3. To change the minimum limit or the maximum limit, do the following:• Move the joystick left/right to select (highlight) the maximum or minimumtemperature.• Move the joystick up/down to change the value of the highlighted temperature.4. (Optional step.) In preview/edit mode, push the button to perform a one-shot auto-adjust sequence.13.4 Changing the temperature range13.4.1 GeneralYou must change the temperature range according to the expected temperature of theobject you are inspecting.13.4.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Camera temperature range and push the joystick.5. Select the appropriate temperature range and push the joystick.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 46
Achieving a good image13NOTEYou can also assign the function Switch temperature range to one of the programmable buttons. Select(Settings) > Programmable buttons.13.5 Changing the color palette13.5.1 GeneralYou can change the color palette that the camera uses to display different temperatures.A different palette can make it easier to analyze an image.Iron ArcticRainbow Rainbow high contrastWhite hot Black hotLava13.5.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Color).3. Push the joystick to display a submenu.4. Use the joystick to select a different palette.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 47
Achieving a good image135. Push the joystick.13.6 Changing the object parametersFor accurate measurements, you must set the object parameters:•External IR window compensation.•Object distance.•Atmospheric temperature.•Relative humidity.•Reflected temperature.•Emissivity.You can set the object parameters globally. You can also change the Emissivity,Re-flected temperature, and Object distance parameters locally for a measurement tool.For more information, see section 15.5 Changing object parameters, page 54.13.7 Calibrating the camera13.7.1 GeneralThe calibration of the camera is performed as a non-uniformity correction (NUC). A NUCis an image correction carried out by the camera software to compensate for differentsensitivities of detector elements and other optical and geometrical disturbances1.Calibration is needed whenever the output image becomes spatially noisy. The outputcan become spatially noisy when the ambient temperature changes (such as from day tonight operation, and vice versa).The calibration is carried out automatically when needed. It is also possible to perform acalibration manually.While the calibration is in progress, the text Calibrating... is displayed.13.7.2 Manual calibrationYou may, for example, want to perform a manual calibration just before you start record-ing a video sequence.13.7.2.1 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. To perform a manual calibration, push and hold the Image archive button formore than 2 seconds.NOTEYou can also assign the function Calibrate to one of the programmable buttons. Select (Settings) >Programmable buttons .13.8 Hiding all overlay13.8.1 GeneralThe camera overlay consists of overlay graphics and image overlay information. Theoverlay graphics include items such as measurement tool symbols, result tables, andstatus icons. The image overlay information, which you activate on the Settings menu,provides additional information such as the date, emissivity, and atmospherictemperature.You can choose to hide all camera overlay by the press of a programmable button.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 481. Definition from the impending international adoption of DIN 54190-3 (Non-destructive testing – Thermographictesting – Part 3: Terms and definitions).
Achieving a good image13Image with camera overlay and image overlayinformation.Image with all overlay hidden.13.8.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Programmable buttons and push the joystick.5. Select one of the buttons and push the joystick.6. Select Hide image overlay graphics and push the joystick. You have now assignedthis function to the selected programmable button.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 49
Working with image modes1414.1 GeneralThe camera captures both thermal and visual images at the same time. By your choiceof image mode, you select which type of image to display on the screen.The camera supports the following image modes:•Thermal MSX (Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging): The camera displays infrared imageswhere the edges of the objects are enhanced with visual image details.•Thermal: A full infrared image is displayed.•Picture in picture: An infrared image frame is displayed on top of the visual image.•Digital camera: The visual image captured by the digital camera is displayed.NOTEThese image modes only work correctly for calibrated lenses. The lens that ships with the camera isfactory calibrated. To have a new lens calibrated, you must send in the camera and the lens to your localservice department.NOTEAll thermal and visual information is stored when an image is saved. This means that you can edit theimage later, in the image archive or in FLIR Tools, and select any of the image modes.14.2 Image examplesThis table explains the different types of image modes.Image mode ImageThermalThermal MSX#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 50
Working with image modes14Image mode ImagePicture in pictureDigital camera14.3 Selecting the image modeFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Image mode).3. Push the joystick to display a submenu.4. Use the joystick to go to one of the image modes:•(Thermal MSX)•(Thermal)•(Picture in picture)•(Digital camera)NOTEIf the *.csq video format is selected (Settings >Save options & storage >Video compression ) andthe recording mode Video is selected, it will only be possible to select the image mode Thermal.5. Push the joystick confirm.6. If Picture in picture mode is selected, you can at this point move and resize the imageframe using the touch screen.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 51
Working with measurement tools1515.1 GeneralTo measure a temperature, you can use one or more measurement tools, e.g., a spot-meter or a box.15.2 Adding/removing measurement toolsFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Measurement).3. Push the joystick to display a submenu.• Select (No measurements) to remove all tools.• Select (Center spot) to add a center spot.• Select (Hot spot) to add a hot spot detection within a box area.• Select (Cold spot) to add a cold spot detection within a box area.• Select (User preset 1) to add user preset 1. (Not available in all cameramodels.)• Select (User preset 2) to add user preset 2. (Not available in all cameramodels.)4. Push the joystick. This displays the measurement tool or the group of preset tools onthe screen.15.3 Working with user presets15.3.1 GeneralA user preset is a measurement tool, or a group of measurement tools, with predefinedcharacteristics.15.3.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Define user presets and push the joystick.5. Select Define preset 1 or Define preset 2 and push the joystick. This displays a con-text menu.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 52
Working with measurement tools156. Select (Add measurement).7. Push the joystick. This displays a submenu.• Select (Add spot) to add a spot.• Select (Add box) to add a box.• Select (Add circle) to add a circle.• Select (Add line) to add a line.• Select (Add delta) to set up a differential calculation.8. Push the joystick. This displays the measurement tool on the screen.9. Push the joystick. This displays a context menu, where you can select one or more ofthe following actions (depending on the type of tool):• Remove the tool.• Resize, move, center, rotate the tool.• Display maximum, minimum, average values.• Set alarms.• Set local parameters.• When completed, select (Done).10. When all measurement tools have been added, select (Save as preset).15.4 Resizing or moving a measurement tool15.4.1 GeneralYou can resize and move a measurement tool.15.4.2 ProcedureNOTE• This procedure assumes that you have previously laid out a measurement tool or user preset on thescreen.• You can also move and resize the measurement tool by touching the screen.Follow this procedure:1. To select the measurement tool, touch the tool on the screen. The tool is now dis-played with one or more handles.Spot measurement tool:Area measurement tool:2. Push the joystick—or touch and hold the tool. This displays a context menu.• Select (Resize) to change the size of the tool.• Select (Move) to move the tool.3. Move the joystick up/down and left/right to resize or move the tool.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 53
Working with measurement tools154. When completed, push the joystick and select (Done).15.5 Changing object parameters15.5.1 GeneralFor accurate measurements, you must set the object parameters.15.5.2 Types of parametersThe camera can use these object parameters:•External IR window compensation, i.e., the temperature of any protective windows,external lenses (e.g., close-up), etc., that are set up between the camera and the ob-ject of interest. If no protective window, protective shield, or external lens is used, thisvalue is irrelevant and should be left inactive.•Object distance, i.e., the distance between the camera and the object of interest.•Atmospheric temperature, i.e., the temperature of the air between the camera and theobject of interest.•Relative humidity, i.e., the relative humidity of the air between the camera and the ob-ject of interest.•Reflected temperature, which is used when compensating for the radiation from thesurroundings reflected by the object into the camera. This property of the object iscalled reflectivity.•Emissivity, i.e., how much radiation an object emits, compared with the radiation of atheoretical reference object at the same temperature (called a “blackbody”). The op-posite of emissivity is reflectivity. The emissivity determines how much of the radiationoriginates from the object as opposed to being reflected by it.NOTEThere is an Emissivity mode setting, which you can use to enter the emissivity by material instead ofby value. Select (Settings) > Device settings >User interface options >Emissivity mode >Se-lect from materials table.Of the object parameters, Emissivity is the most important parameter to set correctly. Ifthe Emissivity is set to a low value, the Reflected temperature also becomes important.The parameters Object distance,Atmospheric temperature, and Relative humidity arerelevant for longer distances. The External IR window compensation must be activated ifa protective window or external lens is used.15.5.3 Recommended valuesIf you are unsure about the values, the following are recommended:Object distance 1.0 m (3.3′)Atmospheric temperature +20°C (+69°F)Relative humidity 50%Reflected temperature +20°C (+69°F)Emissivity 0.9515.5.4 ProcedureYou can set the object parameters globally. You can also change the Emissivity,Re-flected temperature, and Object distance parameters locally for a measurement tool.Local parameters are normally only effective for a fixed setup, where each measurementtool is set to a specific object of interest. In a general handheld application, the global pa-rameters are usually sufficient.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 54
Working with measurement tools15NOTEOf the object parameters, Emissivity and Reflected temperature are the two most important to set cor-rectly in the camera.15.5.4.1 Setting global parametersFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Measurement parameters).3. Push the joystick to display a submenu. Use the joystick to select one or more of theglobal object parameters:•(External IR window compensation)•(Object distance)•(Atmospheric temperature)•(Relative humidity)•(Reflected temperature)•(Emissivity)4. Push the joystick to display a dialog box.5. Use the joystick to change the parameter.6. Push the joystick. This closes the dialog box.15.5.4.2 Changing local parametersYou can change the local parameters for a measurement tool.APnext to the measurement tool on the screen indicates that local parameters are acti-vated for the tool.Follow this procedure:1. To select the measurement tool, touch the tool on the screen. The tool is now dis-played with one or more handles.2. Push the joystick — or touch and hold the tool. This displays a context menu.3. Use the joystick to go to (Use local parameters).4. Push the joystick. (icon with grey indicator) is displayed.5. Push the joystick to activate the use of local parameters. (icon with blue indica-tor) is displayed together with a submenu.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 55
Working with measurement tools156. Use the joystick to select an object parameter.7. Push the joystick to display a dialog box.8. Use the joystick to change the parameter.9. Push the joystick. This closes the dialog box.15.5.5 Related topicsFor in-depth information about parameters, and how to correctly set the emissivity andreflected apparent temperature, see section 30 Thermographic measurement techni-ques, page 157.15.6 Displaying values in the result table and displaying a graph15.6.1 GeneralFor the box, circle, and line tools, you can set the camera to display the maximum, mini-mum, and average values in the result table.For the line tool, you can also display a graph.15.6.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. To select the measurement tool, touch the tool on the screen. The tool is now dis-played with one or more handles.2. Push the joystick—or touch and hold the tool. This displays a context menu.3. Use the joystick to go to (depending on the tool) , , or (Max/Min/Avg/Alarm) or (Graph/Max/Min/Avg/Alarm).4. Push the joystick. This displays a submenu.• (Option available for the line tool.) Select (Graph) and push the joystick to dis-play a graph.• Select (Max) and push the joystick to display the maximum value.• Select (Min) and push the joystick to display the minimum value.• Select (Avg) and push the joystick to display the average value.• (Optional step.) You can choose to show or hide the maximum and minimummarkers (the hot/cold spots). Select (Max & min markers) and push the joy-stick to toggle:• When (icon with grey indicator) is displayed, the markers are hidden.• When (icon with blue indicator) is displayed, the markers are shown.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 56
Working with measurement tools155. When completed, move the joystick down to close the submenu.6. Select (Done) and push the joystick.15.7 Creating and setting up a difference calculation15.7.1 GeneralA difference calculation gives the difference between the values of two known measure-ment results.15.7.2 ProcedureNOTE• You can set up a difference calculation when defining user presets, or when editing an image in thearchive.• This procedure assumes that you have previously laid out at least one measurement tool on thescreen.15.7.2.1 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. To set up a difference calculation, do the following:• If you are defining user presets, select (Add measurement) and then select(Add delta).• If you are editing an image in the archive, select (Measurement) and then se-lect (Add delta).2. Push the joystick. This displays a dialog box where you can select the measurementtools that you want to use in the difference calculation. You can also select a fixed-temperature reference.3. Push the joystick. The result of the difference calculation is now displayed on thescreen.15.8 Setting a measurement alarm15.8.1 GeneralYou can make the camera trigger an alarm when certain measurement conditions aremet.15.8.2 Types of alarmYou can choose between the following alarm types:•Above: Triggers an alarm when the temperature is above the preset alarmtemperature.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 57
Working with measurement tools15•Below: Triggers an alarm when the temperature is below the preset alarmtemperature.15.8.3 Alarm signalsWhen an alarm is set, the symbol is displayed in the result table.When an alarm is triggered, the value in the result table is displayed in red (above alarm)or blue (below alarm) and the symbol (above alarm) or (below alarm) is blinking.You can also set an audible alarm (there will be a “beep” when the alarm is triggered).15.8.4 ProcedureThere are different procedures for setting up an alarm for a spot, box, circle, or line andfor a difference calculation.15.8.4.1 Setting up an alarm for a spotFollow this procedure:1. To select the spot, touch the tool on the screen. The tool is now displayed with aframe.2. Push the joystick—or touch and hold the tool. This displays a context menu.3. Use the joystick to go to (Set alarm on spot).4. Push the joystick. This displays a dialog box where you can define the settings for thealarm.•Alarm condition: The condition that triggers the alarm. Applicable values areAbove,Below,orOff.•Alarm limit: The temperature value that will be the critical condition when an alarmis triggered or not.•Alarm sound: Applicable values are Beep or No sound.5. Push the joystick. This closes the dialog box.15.8.4.2 Setting up an alarm for a box, circle, or lineNOTE• This procedure assumes that you have previously set the camera to display at least one value (max-imum, minimum, or average) in the result table.Follow this procedure:1. To select the measurement tool, touch the tool on the screen. The tool is now dis-played with one or more handles.2. Push the joystick — or touch and hold the tool. This displays a context menu.3. Use the joystick to go to (depending on tool) , , or (Max/Min/Avg/Alarm)or (Graph/Max/Min/Avg/Alarm).4. Push the joystick. This displays a submenu.5. Select (Set alarm).6. Push the joystick. This displays a dialog box where you can define the settings for thealarm.•Alarm condition: The condition that triggers the alarm. Applicable values areAbove,Below,orOff.•Select measurement: Applicable settings are the values you have previously de-fined (Max,Min, and/or Avg).•Alarm limit: The temperature value that will be the critical condition when an alarmis triggered or not.•Alarm sound: Applicable values are Beep or No sound.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 58
Working with measurement tools157. Push the joystick. This closes the dialog box.15.8.4.3 Setting up an alarm for a difference calculationNOTE• You can set up an alarm for a difference calculation when defining user presets, or when editing animage in the archive.• This procedure assumes that you have previously set up a difference calculation.Follow this procedure:1. To set up an alarm for a difference calculation, do the following:• If you are defining user presets, select (Add measurement). This displays asubmenu.• If you are editing an image in the archive, select (Measurement). This displaysa submenu.2. Select (Select). This displays a dialog box.3. Select Delta. This displays a context menu.4. Use the joystick to go to (Set alarm on delta).5. Push the joystick. This displays a dialog box where you can define the settings for thealarm.•Alarm condition: The condition that triggers the alarm. Applicable values areAbove,Below,orOff.•Alarm limit: The temperature value that will be the critical condition when an alarmis triggered or not.•Alarm sound: Applicable values are Beep or No sound.6. Push the joystick. This closes the dialog box.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 59
Working with color alarms andisotherms1616.1 Color alarms16.1.1 GeneralBy using color alarms (isotherms), anomalies can easily be discovered in an infrared im-age. The isotherm command applies a contrasting color to all pixels with a temperatureabove, below, or between the set temperature levels. The camera also features isothermtypes that are specific to the building trade: condensation and insulation alarms.You can make the camera trigger the following types of color alarms:•Above alarm: This will apply a contrasting color to all pixels with a temperature abovethe specified temperature level.•Below alarm: This will apply a contrasting color to all pixels with a temperature belowthe specified temperature level.•Interval alarm: This will apply a contrasting color to all pixels with a temperature be-tween two specified temperature levels.•Condensation alarm: Triggers when the camera detects a surface where the relativehumidity exceeds a preset value.•Insulation alarm: Triggers when there is an insulation deficiency in a wall.16.1.2 Image examplesThis table explains the different color alarms (isotherms).Color alarm ImageAbove alarmBelow alarm#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 60
Working with color alarms and isotherms16Color alarm ImageInterval alarmCondensation alarmInsulation alarm16.2 Setting up above, below, and interval alarmsFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Color).3. Push the joystick to display a submenu. Use the joystick to select the type of alarm:•(Above alarm)•(Below alarm)•(Interval alarm)4. Push the joystick. The threshold temperature is displayed at the top of the screen.5. To change the threshold temperature, do the following:• For the Interval alarm, move the joystick left/right to select the low/high-tempera-ture value.• Move the joystick up/down to change the threshold temperature.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 61
Working with color alarms and isotherms1616.3 Building isothermsNOTEThe Condensation and Insulation alarms are not supported by all camera models.16.3.1 About the Condensation alarmTo detect areas with potential moisture problems, you can use the Condensation alarm.You can set the relative humidity above which the isotherm will colorize the image.16.3.2 About the Insulation alarmThe Insulation alarm can detect areas where there may be an insulation deficiency in thebuilding. It will trigger when the insulation level (which is called the thermal index in thecamera) falls below a preset value of the energy leakage through a wall.Different building codes recommend different values for the insulation level, but typicalvalues are 60–80% for new buildings. Refer to your national building code forrecommendations.16.3.3 Setting up condensation and insulation alarmsFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Color).3. Push the joystick to display a submenu. Use the joystick to select the type of alarm:•(Condensation alarm)•(Insulation alarm)4. Push the joystick. This displays a dialog box where you can define the settings for thealarm.For the Condensation alarm, the following parameters can be set:•Atmospheric temperature: The current atmospheric temperature.•Relative humidity: The current relative humidity.•Relative humidity limit: The relative humidity level at which you want the alarm tobe triggered. A relative humidity of 100% means that water vapor condenses fromthe air as liquid water (= dewpoint). A relative humidity of about 70% or above cancause mold.For the Insulation alarm, the following parameters can be set:•Indoor temperature: The current indoor temperature.•Outdoor temperature: The current outdoor temperature.•Thermal index: The insulation level, an integer between 0 and 100.5. Push the joystick. This closes the dialog box.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 62
Annotating images1717.1 GeneralYou can save additional information together with an infrared image by using annotations.Annotations make reporting and post-processing more efficient, by providing essentialinformation about the image, e.g., conditions and information about where an image istaken.Annotations are added to the image file, and can be viewed and edited in the image ar-chive, and also when moving files from the camera to reporting software on the computer.• You can set the camera to display annotation tools before an image is saved. Select(Settings) > Save options & storage >Add annotation after saving.• You can also add annotations to a saved image in the image archive.NOTEThis section describes the procedures for adding annotations to a saved image in the image archive.Adding annotations when saving an image works in a similar way.17.2 Adding a note17.2.1 GeneralYou can add a text note to the image file. Using this feature, you can annotate images byentering free-form text.17.2.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Open the image in the image archive.2. Push the joystick. This displays a context menu.3. Select (Add note).4. Push the joystick. This displays a soft keyboard where you can enter the text youwant to save by touching the screen.NOTETo select special characters, press and hold down the corresponding key on the soft keyboard.5. When completed, touch Done on the soft keyboard.17.3 Adding a table17.3.1 GeneralYou can save a table with textual information to the image file. This feature is a very effi-cient way of recording information when you are inspecting a large number of similar#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 63
Annotating images17objects. The idea behind using a table with textual information is to avoid filling out formsor inspection protocols manually.The camera has a number of default table templates. You can also import your own tabletemplates from FLIR Tools—refer to the FLIR Tools user’s manual. The templates arestored on the memory card.17.3.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Open the image in the image archive.2. Push the joystick. This displays a context menu.3. Select (Add table) and push the joystick.4. Select (Add table contents) and push the joystick. This displays the default tabletemplate that ships with the camera.NOTEYou can select another template by first selecting (Select default template).5. For each row in the table, do the following:• Push the joystick. This displays the predefined values.• Move the joystick up/down to select a predefined value. Push the joystick toconfirm.• Instead of selecting a predefined value, you can select the keyboard and enterother text by touching the screen.6. When completed, select Save & Exit at the bottom of the table. Push the joystick toconfirm.17.4 Adding a voice annotation17.4.1 GeneralA voice annotation is an audio recording that is saved to the infrared image file. The re-cording can be played back in the camera, and in image analysis and reporting softwarefrom FLIR Systems.The voice annotation is recorded using a Bluetooth headset. For information on how topair a headset with the camera, see section 21 Pairing Bluetooth devices, page 70.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 64
Annotating images1717.4.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Open the image in the image archive.2. Push the joystick. This displays a context menu.3. Select (Add voice annotation) and push the joystick.4. To start a recording, select (Record) and push the joystick.5. To stop the recording, select (Stop) and push the joystick.6. To listen to the recording, select (Play) and push the joystick.7. To delete the recording, select (Delete) and push the joystick.8. When completed, select (Done) and push the joystick.17.5 Adding a sketch17.5.1 GeneralYou can add a freehand drawing to an image.17.5.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Open the image in the image archive.2. Push the joystick. This displays a context menu.3. Select (Add sketch) and push the joystick.4. You are now in sketch mode. Draw the sketch by touching the screen.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 65
Annotating images175. Push the joystick. This displays a context menu. Do one or more of the following:• To change the color of the sketch tools, select (Draw) and push the joystick.Select the color and push the joystick.• To erase, select (Eraser) and push the joystick. Erase parts of the sketch bytouching the screen.• To add an arrow, circle, or cross, select (Stamp sketch) and push the joystick.Select the type of stamp and push the joystick. The stamp is displayed in the cen-ter of the screen. You can move the stamp by using the joystick or by touching thescreen.• To clear, select (Clear all) and push the joystick.• When the sketch is completed, select (Save) and push the joystick.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 66
Programming the camera (timelapse)1818.1 GeneralYou can program the camera to save images periodically (time lapse).18.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Recording mode).3. Push the joystick. This displays a submenu.4. Select (Time lapse).5. Push the joystick. This displays a dialog box, where you can set the save conditions:•Save interval: Use the joystick to set the time interval between each saved image.•Total number of images: The periodic saving will stop when the set number of im-ages have been saved.6. Push the joystick. This closes the dialog box. The time interval is displayed at the topof the screen.7. To manually start or stop the periodic saving, briefly push and release the Savebutton.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 67
Recording video clips1919.1 GeneralYou can record and save video clips to the memory card.NOTEThe camera can be configured to save video in *.mpg or *.csq format. Select (Settings) > Save op-tions & storage >Video compression.•Mpeg (*.mpg): Mpeg recordings cannot be edited after the file has been saved.•Radiometric storage (*csq): A csq file supports full radiometry but is only supported by FLIR Sys-tems software. The file does not include any visual image information. With this setting, only the im-age mode Thermal is supported when recording video. If any other image mode is active when therecording mode Video is selected, the camera will auto-switch to the Thermal image mode.19.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Recording mode).3. Push the joystick. This displays a submenu.4. Select (Video) and push the joystick.5. Do the following:• To start a recording, push and release the Save button. A counter at the top of thescreen displays the duration of the recording.• To stop a recording, push and release the Save button.6. The recording is automatically saved to the image archive, where you can play or de-lete it.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 68
Screening alarm2020.1 GeneralThe screening alarm can be used, for example, at airports to detect passengers with ele-vated body temperatures, which may indicate the presence of a fever.The screening alarm can also be used to detect temperature anomalies in a series of in-spected objects in a similar/fixed setup.Activating the screening alarm will turn on a measurement box and screening data in theresult table.The sampled average temperature.The alarm temperature.The measured temperature.The alarm will trigger when the measurement box measures a temperature higher thanthe alarm temperature. The alarm temperature is, in turn, the sum of a specified alloweddeviation and a sampled average value.20.2 ProcedureNOTEThe screening mode must be enabled. Select (Settings) > Device settings >User interface options>Screening mode =On.Follow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Recording mode).3. Push the joystick. This displays a submenu.4. Select (Screening).5. Push the joystick. This displays a dialog box where you can define the settings for thealarm.•Allowed deviation: The allowed deviation from the sampled average.•Alarm sound: Applicable values are Beep or No sound.6. Push the joystick. This closes the dialog box.7. Aim the camera toward a point of interest. The object should be within the frame ofthe measurement box.8. Push and hold the programmable button to reset the sampled average.9. Push the programmable button to sample.10. Aim the camera toward more points of interest. Sample 10 times to build up a samplebase by pushing the programmable button .The alarm is now set up and ready to use. Occasionally record a few samples if thealarm is used for a long time or if the conditions change.NOTE• The algorithm has a memory of the last 10 samples. It discriminates between the highest and lowestvalues, and calculates an average of the remaining values.• Do not modify the measurement setup or activate another alarm because this will deactivate thescreening alarm.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 69
Pairing Bluetooth devices2121.1 GeneralBefore you can use a Bluetooth device with the camera, you need to pair the devices.21.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Device settings and push the joystick.5. Depending on the camera configuration, select Wireless & geolocation,Wireless, orGeolocation and push the joystick.6. Select Bluetooth and push the joystick.7. If the Bluetooth check box is unchecked, push the joystick to activate Bluetooth.NOTEYou also need to activate Bluetooth connectivity on the external device.8. Select Available devices and push the joystick.9. Wait until a list of available devices is displayed. This will take about 15 seconds.10. When a Bluetooth device is found, select the device to add it, and begin the pairingprocedure. The device is then ready to be used.NOTE• Only Bluetooth-enabled headsets will appear in the list of available devices.• You can add several devices.• You can remove a device by selecting the device and then selecting Unpair device.• After adding a Bluetooth-enabled headset, it is ready to be used for adding voice annotations.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 70
Configuring Wi-Fi2222.1 GeneralDepending on your camera configuration, you can connect the camera to a wireless localarea network (WLAN) using Wi-Fi, or let the camera provide Wi-Fi access to otherdevices.You can connect the camera in two different ways:•Most common use: Setting up the camera as a wireless access point. This method isprimarily used with other devices, e.g., an iPhone or iPad.•Less common use: Connecting the camera to a WLAN.22.2 Setting up a wireless access point (most common use)Follow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Device settings and push the joystick.5. Depending on the camera configuration, select Wireless & geolocation,Wireless, orGeolocation and push the joystick.6. Select Wi-Fi and push the joystick.7. Select Share and push the joystick.8. (Optional step.) To display and change the parameters, select Share settings andpush the joystick.• To change the SSID, select Network name (SSID) and push the joystick.• To change the WEP password, select Password and push the joystick.NOTEThese parameters are set for your camera’s network. They will be used by the external device toconnect that device to the network.22.3 Connecting the camera to a wireless local area network (less common use)Follow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Select Device settings and push the joystick.5. Depending on the camera configuration, select Wireless & geolocation,Wireless, orGeolocation and push the joystick.6. Select Wi-Fi and push the joystick.7. Select Connect to network and push the joystick.8. To display a list of the available networks, select Networks and push the joystick.9. Select one of the available networks.Password-protected networks are indicated with a padlock icon, and for these youwill need to enter a password the first time you connect to the network. After that thecamera will connect automatically to the network. To disable the automatic connec-tion, select Forget network.NOTESome networks do not broadcast their existence. They appear in the list as Untitled. To connect to sucha network, you will be prompted to enter additional parameters.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 71
Changing settings2323.1 GeneralYou can change a variety of settings in the camera. You do this on the Settings menu.The Settings menu includes the following:•Define user presets.•Camera temperature range.•Save options & storage.•Programmable buttons.•Device settings.23.1.1 Define user presetsA user preset is a measurement tool, or a group of measurement tools, with predefinedcharacteristics. For more information, see section 15.3 Working with user presets, page52.•Define preset 1: This setting defines user preset 1.•Define preset 2: This setting defines user preset 2.23.1.2 Camera temperature rangeFor accurate temperature measurements, you must change the Camera temperaturerange setting according to the expected temperature of the object you are inspecting.Available temperature range options are dependent on the camera model. The unit (℃or ℉) depends on the temperature unit setting, see section 23.1.5 Device settings, page74.23.1.3 Save options & storage•Save button half-press: This setting defines the function of the Save button. Availableoptions are:•Autofocus: Pushing the Save button half-way down will autofocus the camera. Thisis the default setting.•None: Pushing the Save button half-way down will have no effect. With this setting,you may want to assign the autofocus function to one of the programmable buttons.•Preview image before saving: This setting defines if a preview image will be displayedbefore the image is saved.•Add annotation after saving: This setting defines if an annotation tool will be displayedwhen the image has been saved. Available options are:•Save: No annotation tool will be displayed.•Save & add note: The note annotation tool will be displayed.•Save & add table: The table annotation tool will be displayed. This setting also al-lows you to define the type of table. Available options are the default table tem-plates. You can also create your own table in FLIR Tools and upload it to thecamera.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 72
Changing settings23•Save & add voice annotation: The voice annotation tool will be displayed.•Save & add sketch: The sketch annotation tool will be displayed.•Save & add any annotation: The annotation tool menu will be displayed.•Image resolution: This setting defines the resolution of the images captured by thecamera. Available options are Normal and Ultramax. For more information, see sec-tion 12.1.4 About UltraMax, page 39.•Video compression: This setting defines the storage format for video clips. Availableoptions are:•Mpeg (*.mpeg): Mpeg recordings cannot be edited after the file has been saved.•Radiometric storage (*.csq): A csq file supports full radiometry but is only sup-ported by FLIR Systems software. The file does not include any visual image infor-mation. With this setting, only the image mode Thermal is supported whenrecording video.•Photo as separate JPEG: A visual image is always saved in the same JPEG file as thethermal image. Enabling this setting saves an extra visual image as a separate JPEGfile.•File naming format: This setting defines the naming format for new image/video files.The setting has no impact on already saved files in the archive. Available options are:•DCF: DCF (Design rule for Camera File system) is a standard that specifies thenaming method of image files (and much more). With this setting, the name of asaved image/video file will be FLIRxxxx, where xxxx is a unique counter. Example:FLIR0001.•Date prefix: A prefix will be added to the file name, including the date and the text“IR_” for images and “MOV_” for videos. Examples: IR_2015-04-22_0002 andMOV_2015-04-22_0003. The date format will follow the Date & time format setting,see section 23.1.5 Device settings, page 74.NOTEWith the Date prefix setting, the files may not automatically be detected by third-partyapplications.•Delete all saved files...: This displays a dialog box where you can choose to perma-nently delete all the saved files (images, videos, and reports) from the memory cardor to cancel the delete action.23.1.4 Programmable buttonsThere are four programmable buttons. For more information, see section 11.11 Assign-ing functions to the programmable buttons, page 29.•P Button: This setting assigns a function to the hardware button .•P2 Button: This setting assigns a function to the hardware button .•P3 Button (on screen): This setting assigns a function to the software button P3 onthe screen.•P4 Button (on screen): This setting assigns a function to the software button P4 onthe screen.Available options for all programmable buttons:•No action: This is the default setting. Nothing will happen when you push/press thebutton.•Hide image overlay graphics: Hide all overlay graphics and image overlay information.For more information, see section 13.8 Hiding all overlay, page 48.•Calibrate: Perform a manual calibration of the camera. For more information, see sec-tion 13.7 Calibrating the camera, page 48.•Auto-adjust the manual temperature scale: Perform an automatic adjustment of theimage while remaining in manual image adjustment mode.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 73
Changing settings23•Switch Thermal <> Digital camera: Switch between the image modes Thermal andDigital camera. For more information, see section 14 Working with image modes,page 50.•Switch Thermal <> Thermal MSX: Switch between the image modes Thermal andThermal MSX. For more information, see section 14 Working with image modes, page50.•Switch 1x zoom <> Max zoom: Switch between the digital zoom factor of 1× and max-imum zoom.•Switch camera flash On <> Off: Switch between the activated/deactivated cameraflash function. For more information, see section 11.12 Using the camera lamp as aflash, page 30.NOTEThe flash function will not be activated if the setting Lamp & laser is set to the option Disable all. Formore information, see section 23.1.5 Device settings, page 74.•Switch single shot <> Video: Switch between the recording modes Single shot andVideo.•Switch between two latest palettes: Switch between the two latest-used color palettes.For more information, see section 13.5 Changing the color palette, page 47.•Switch temperature range: Cycle through the camera temperature ranges. For moreinformation, see section 23.1.2 Camera temperature range, page 72.Additional options for the hardware buttons and :•Autofocus.•Continuous autofocus.•Switch auto orientation On <> Off.•Save.•Save + Prompt for note.•Save + Prompt for table.•Save + Prompt for voice annotation.•Save + Prompt for sketch.•Save + Select annotation from menu.•Preview.•Preview + Prompt for note.•Preview + Prompt for table.•Preview + Prompt for voice annotation.•Preview + Prompt for sketch.•Preview + Select annotation from menu.23.1.5 Device settings•Language, time & units: This submenu includes settings for a number of regionalparameters:•Language.•Temperature unit.•Distance unit.•Time zone•Date & time.•Date & time format.•Continuous autofocus: This setting is used to enable/disable continuous autofocus.•Display settings: This submenu includes the following settings:•Auto orientation: This setting defines if the orientation of the overlay graphics willchange according to how you hold the camera.•Image overlay information: This setting specifies what image information the cam-era will display as overlay on the image. For more information, see section 9.4 Im-age overlay information, page 21. You can select to display the followinginformation:#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 74
Changing settings23•Compass.•Date & time.•Emissivity.•Reflected temperature.•Distance.•Relative humidity.•Atmospheric temperature.NOTEThis setting only specifies what information to overlay on the image. All image information is al-ways saved to the image file and is available in the image archive.•Screen brightness: This setting defines the brightness of the screen. Available op-tions are Low,Medium,High, and Auto.•Viewfinder brightness: This setting defines the brightness of the viewfinder. Avail-able options are Low,Medium, and High.•HDMI: (Applicable when an HDMI cable is connected to the camera.) This settingdefines the resolution of the digital video output. The setting can be used to selectdisplay of the image only, or display of the image and the entire overlay graphics.•Wireless & geolocation,Wireless, or Geolocation (depending on the camera configu-ration): This submenu includes the following settings:•Wi-Fi: This setting defines Wi-Fi networks. For more information, see section ,page .•Bluetooth: This setting defines Bluetooth connectivity. For more information, seesection , page .•GPS: This setting is used to enable/disable the GPS.•Compass: This setting is used to enable/disable the compass and to calibrate thecompass. For more information, see section 11.16 Calibrating the compass, page38.•Lamp & laser: This submenu includes the following settings:•Enable lamp & laser: This setting is used to enable the camera lamp and the laserpointer.•Enable lamp & laser + Use lamp as flash: This setting is used to activate the flashfunction. When the flash function is activated, the camera lamp will flash when animage is saved.•Disable all: This setting is used to disable the camera lamp, laser pointer, and flashfunction.•Auto power off: This setting defines how soon the camera is automatically turned off.Available choices are Off,5 min, and 20 min.•User interface options: This submenu includes the following settings:•Manual adjustment mode: This setting specifies the type of manual image adjust-ment mode. Available options are Level, Max, Min and Level, Span. For more infor-mation, see section 13.3 Adjusting the infrared image, page 44.•Emissivity mode: This setting specifies how the object parameter emissivity will beentered. Available options are Select values and Select from materials table. Formore information, see section 15.5 Changing object parameters, page 54.•Screening mode: This setting is used to enable/disable screening mode. For moreinformation, see section 20 Screening alarm, page 69.•Reset options: This setting defines a number or reset options:•Reset default camera mode...: This will affect the color palettes and measurementtools. Saved images will not be affected.•Reset device settings to factory default...: This will affect all camera settings, in-cluding regional settings. Saved images will not be affected. The camera will berestarted.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 75
Changing settings23•Reset image counter...: This will reset the numbering of the image file names. Toprevent image files being overwritten, the new counter value will be based on thehighest existing file name number in the image archive.NOTEWhen a reset option is selected, a dialog box is displayed with more information. You can choose toexecute the reset action or to cancel.•Camera information: This dialog displays information about the camera. No changescan be made.•Model.•Serial number.•Part number.•Software version.•Storage: The used and free space on the memory card.•Lens: The field of view of the lens.•Power: The remaining battery capacity, in percent.23.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Push the joystick to display the menu system.2. Use the joystick to go to (Settings).3. Push the joystick to display the Settings menu.4. Use the joystick to select the setting you want to change.5. To exit the Settings menu or a submenu, push the Back button .#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 76
Technical data2424.1 Online field-of-view calculatorPlease visit http://support.flir.com and click the photo of the camera series for field-of-view tables for all lens–camera combinations.24.2 Note about technical dataFLIR Systems reserves the right to change specifications at any time without prior notice.Please check http://support.flir.com for latest changes.24.3 Note about authoritative versionsThe authoritative version of this publication is English. In the event of divergences due totranslation errors, the English text has precedence.Any late changes are first implemented in English.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 77
Technical data2424.4 FLIR T1020 12°P/N: 72501-0101Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1020 is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technologyavailable. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior imagequality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometric record-ing and streaming options make the T1020 well suited for advanced research and development.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1020 has high accuracy and high sensitivity to ac-curately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording in thecamera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by the sup-plied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1020 camera is equipped with the innovative‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail than everbefore. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1020 a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 12° × 9°Minimum focus distance 0.8 m (2.63 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 12° × 9° / 0.8 m (2.63 ft.)Focal length 83.4 mm (3.28 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.20 mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.2Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 78
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 79
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) via USBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR imageLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 80
Technical data24Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cyclesEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 81
Technical data24Environmental dataEncapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 2.1 kg (4.6 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-BEAN-13 7332558010273UPC-12 845188010911Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 82
Technical data2424.5 FLIR T1020 28°P/N: 72501-0102Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1020 is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technologyavailable. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior imagequality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometric record-ing and streaming options make the T1020 well suited for advanced research and development.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1020 has high accuracy and high sensitivity to ac-curately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording in thecamera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by the sup-plied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1020 camera is equipped with the innovative‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail than everbefore. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1020 a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 28° × 21°Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.32 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 28° × 21° / 0.4 m (1.32 ft.)Focal length 36 mm (1.42 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.47mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.15Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 83
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 84
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) via USBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR imageLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 85
Technical data24Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cyclesEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 86
Technical data24Environmental dataEncapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 1.9 kg (4.3 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-BEAN-13 7332558010280UPC-12 845188010928Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 87
Technical data2424.6 FLIR T1020 45°P/N: 72501-0103Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1020 is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technologyavailable. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior imagequality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometric record-ing and streaming options make the T1020 well suited for advanced research and development.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1020 has high accuracy and high sensitivity to ac-curately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording in thecamera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by the sup-plied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1020 camera is equipped with the innovative‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail than everbefore. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1020 a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 45° × 34°Minimum focus distance 0.2 m (0.66 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 45° × 34° / 0.2 m (0.66 ft.)Focal length 21.2 mm (0.83 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.80 mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.1Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 88
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 89
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) via USBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR imageLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 90
Technical data24Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cyclesEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 91
Technical data24Environmental dataEncapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 2.0 kg (4.3 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-BEAN-13 7332558010297UPC-12 845188010935Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 92
Technical data2424.7 FLIR T1030sc 12°P/N: 72501-0201Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1030sc is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technol-ogy available. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior im-age quality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometricrecording and streaming options make the T1030sc well suited for advanced research anddevelopment.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1030sc has high accuracy and high sensitivity toaccurately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording inthe camera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by thesupplied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1030sc camera is equipped with the innova-tive ‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail thanever before. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1030sc a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 12° × 9°Minimum focus distance 0.8 m (2.63 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 12° × 9° / 0.8 m (2.63 ft.)Focal length 83.4 mm (3.28 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.20 mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.2Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 93
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 94
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming • Full dynamic to PC using high speed interface• Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) viaUSBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR image#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 95
Technical data24Laser pointerLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cycles#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 96
Technical data24Environmental dataEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1Encapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 2.1 kg (4.6 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR ResearchIR Max 4• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-B• High-speed interfaceEAN-13 7332558010303UPC-12 845188010942Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 97
Technical data2424.8 FLIR T1030sc 28°P/N: 72501-0202Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1030sc is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technol-ogy available. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior im-age quality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometricrecording and streaming options make the T1030sc well suited for advanced research anddevelopment.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1030sc has high accuracy and high sensitivity toaccurately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording inthe camera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by thesupplied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1030sc camera is equipped with the innova-tive ‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail thanever before. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1030sc a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 28° × 21°Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.32 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 28° × 21° / 0.4 m (1.32 ft.)Focal length 36 mm (1.42 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.47mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.15Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 98
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 99
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming • Full dynamic to PC using high speed interface• Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) viaUSBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR image#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 100
Technical data24Laser pointerLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cycles#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 101
Technical data24Environmental dataEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1Encapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 1.9 kg (4.3 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR ResearchIR Max 4• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-B• High-speed interfaceEAN-13 7332558010310UPC-12 845188010959Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 102
Technical data2424.9 FLIR T1030sc 45°P/N: 72501-0203Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1030sc is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technol-ogy available. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior im-age quality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometricrecording and streaming options make the T1030sc well suited for advanced research anddevelopment.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1030sc has high accuracy and high sensitivity toaccurately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording inthe camera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by thesupplied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1030sc camera is equipped with the innova-tive ‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail thanever before. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1030sc a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 45° × 34°Minimum focus distance 0.2 m (0.66 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 45° × 34° / 0.2 m (0.66 ft.)Focal length 21.2 mm (0.83 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.80 mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.1Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 103
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 104
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming • Full dynamic to PC using high speed interface• Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) viaUSBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR image#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 105
Technical data24Laser pointerLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cycles#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 106
Technical data24Environmental dataEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1Encapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 2.0 kg (4.3 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR ResearchIR Max 4• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-B• High-speed interfaceEAN-13 7332558010327UPC-12 845188010966Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 107
Technical data2424.10 FLIR T1040 12°P/N: 72501-0301Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1040 is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technologyavailable. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior imagequality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometric record-ing and streaming options make the T1040 well suited for advanced research and development.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1040 has high accuracy and high sensitivity to ac-curately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording in thecamera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by the sup-plied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1040 camera is equipped with the innovative‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail than everbefore. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1040 a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 12° × 9°Minimum focus distance 0.8 m (2.63 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 12° × 9° / 0.8 m (2.63 ft.)Focal length 83.4 mm (3.28 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.20 mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.2Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 108
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 109
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) via USBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR imageLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 110
Technical data24Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cyclesEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 111
Technical data24Environmental dataEncapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 2.1 kg (4.6 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-BEAN-13 7332558010389UPC-12 845188011031Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 112
Technical data2424.11 FLIR T1040 28°P/N: 72501-0302Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1040 is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technologyavailable. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior imagequality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometric record-ing and streaming options make the T1040 well suited for advanced research and development.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1040 has high accuracy and high sensitivity to ac-curately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording in thecamera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by the sup-plied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1040 camera is equipped with the innovative‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail than everbefore. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1040 a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 28° × 21°Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.32 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 28° × 21° / 0.4 m (1.32 ft.)Focal length 36 mm (1.42 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.47mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.15Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 113
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 114
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) via USBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR imageLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 115
Technical data24Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cyclesEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 116
Technical data24Environmental dataEncapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 1.9 kg (4.3 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-BEAN-13 7332558010396UPC-12 845188011048Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 117
Technical data2424.12 FLIR T1040 45°P/N: 72501-0303Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1040 is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technologyavailable. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior imagequality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometric record-ing and streaming options make the T1040 well suited for advanced research and development.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1040 has high accuracy and high sensitivity to ac-curately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording in thecamera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by the sup-plied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1040 camera is equipped with the innovative‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail than everbefore. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1040 a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 45° × 34°Minimum focus distance 0.2 m (0.66 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 45° × 34° / 0.2 m (0.66 ft.)Focal length 21.2 mm (0.83 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.80 mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.1Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 118
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 119
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) via USBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR imageLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 120
Technical data24Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cyclesEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 121
Technical data24Environmental dataEncapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 2.0 kg (4.3 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-BEAN-13 7332558010402UPC-12 845188011055Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 122
Technical data2424.13 FLIR T1050sc 12°P/N: 72501-0401Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1050sc is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technol-ogy available. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior im-age quality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometricrecording and streaming options make the T1050sc well suited for advanced research anddevelopment.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1050sc has high accuracy and high sensitivity toaccurately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording inthe camera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by thesupplied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1050sc camera is equipped with the innova-tive ‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail thanever before. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1050sc a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 12° × 9°Minimum focus distance 0.8 m (2.63 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 12° × 9° / 0.8 m (2.63 ft.)Focal length 83.4 mm (3.28 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.20 mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.2Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 123
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 124
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming • Full dynamic to PC using high speed interface• Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) viaUSBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR image#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 125
Technical data24Laser pointerLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cycles#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 126
Technical data24Environmental dataEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1Encapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 2.1 kg (4.6 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR ResearchIR Max 4• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-B• High-speed interfaceEAN-13 7332558010419UPC-12 845188011062Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 127
Technical data2424.14 FLIR T1050sc 28°P/N: 72501-0402Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1050sc is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technol-ogy available. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior im-age quality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometricrecording and streaming options make the T1050sc well suited for advanced research anddevelopment.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1050sc has high accuracy and high sensitivity toaccurately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording inthe camera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by thesupplied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1050sc camera is equipped with the innova-tive ‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail thanever before. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1050sc a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 28° × 21°Minimum focus distance 0.4 m (1.32 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 28° × 21° / 0.4 m (1.32 ft.)Focal length 36 mm (1.42 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.47mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.15Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 128
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 129
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming • Full dynamic to PC using high speed interface• Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) viaUSBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR image#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 130
Technical data24Laser pointerLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cycles#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 131
Technical data24Environmental dataEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1Encapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 1.9 kg (4.3 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR ResearchIR Max 4• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-B• High-speed interfaceEAN-13 7332558010426UPC-12 845188011079Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 132
Technical data2424.15 FLIR T1050sc 45°P/N: 72501-0403Rev.: 28063General descriptionThe FLIR T1050sc is designed for the expert requiring the highest performance and the latest technol-ogy available. The camera combines excellent ergonomics and feature-rich flexibility with superior im-age quality of 1024 × 768 pixel IR resolution. High accuracy and sensitivity together with radiometricrecording and streaming options make the T1050sc well suited for advanced research anddevelopment.Benefits:• Tailor made for research and development: The T1050sc has high accuracy and high sensitivity toaccurately measure the smallest temperature differences. With real-time radiometric recording inthe camera, it is possible to capture fast events on the camera’s SD card for further analysis by thesupplied analysis software.• Flexible and feature rich: A wide variety of measuring and analysis functions makes the camera flexi-ble for your every need. Two programmable buttons provide easy access to favorite functions.• Highest performance with the latest technology: The T1050sc camera is equipped with the innova-tive ‘Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX)’ feature, which produces an image richer in detail thanever before. Continuous auto-focus makes the T1050sc a fully automatic IR camera.Imaging and optical dataIR resolution 1024 × 768 pixelsThermal sensitivity/NETD <20 mK @ +30°C (+86°F)Field of view (FOV) 45° × 34°Minimum focus distance 0.2 m (0.66 ft.)Field of view (FOV) / Minimum focus distance 45° × 34° / 0.2 m (0.66 ft.)Focal length 21.2 mm (0.83 in.)Spatial resolution (IFOV) 0.80 mradLens identification AutomaticF-number 1.1Image frequency 30 HzFocus Continuous, one shot or manualDigital zoom 1–8× continuousZoom 1–8× continuous, digital zoomDigital image enhancement Adaptive digital noise reductionDetector dataDetector type Focal Plane Array (FPA), uncooledmicrobolometerSpectral range 7.5–14 µmDetector pitch 17 µmImage presentationDisplay Built-in touch screen, 4.3 in. wide screen LCD,800 × 480 pixelsDisplay type Capacitive touch screenAuto orientation Automatic landscape or portraitViewfinder Built-in 800 × 480 pixelsAutomatic image adjustment Continuous, histogram basedAutomatic image adjustment, type Standard or histogram based from image contentManual image adjustment Linear based; Possible to adjust level/span/max/min#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 133
Technical data24Image presentation modesImage modes Thermal, Thermal MSX, Picture in Picture, DigitalCameraInfrared image Full color IR imageVisual image Full color visual imageMulti Spectral Dynamic Imaging (MSX) Thermal image with enhanced detail presentationPicture in Picture Resizable and movable IR area on visual imageMeasurement analysisSpotmeter 10Area 5+5 areas (boxes and circles) with max./min./averageProfile 1 line profile with max/min tempAutomatic hot/cold detection Auto hot or cold spotmeter markers within areaand profileMeasurement presets No measurements, Center spot, Hot spot, Coldspot, User preset 1, User preset 2User presets The user can select and combine measurementsfrom any number of spots/boxes/circles/profiles/deltaDifference temperature Delta temperature between measurement func-tions or reference temperatureReference temperature Manually set using difference temperatureAtmospheric transmission correction Automatic, based on inputs for distance, atmos-pheric temperature and relative humidityOptics transmission correction Automatic, based on signals from internal sensorsEmissivity correction Variable from 0.01 to 1.0 or selected from materi-als listEmissivity table Emissivity table of predefined materialsReflected apparent temperature correction Automatic, based on input of reflectedtemperatureExternal optics/windows correction Automatic, based on inputs of window transmis-sion and temperatureMeasurement corrections Emissivity, reflected temperature, relative humid-ity, atmospheric temperature, object distance, ex-ternal IR window compensationColors (palettes) Iron, Rainbow, Rainbow HC, White hot, Black hot,Artic, LavaAlarmColor Alarm (isotherm) Above/below/intervalMeasurement function alarm Audible/visual alarms (above/below) on any se-lected measurement functionSet-upSet-up commands Define user presets, Save options, Programmablebutton, Reset options, Set up camera, Wi-Fi, GPS& compass, Bluetooth, Language, Time & units,Camera informationService functionsCamera software update Use PC software FLIR Tools#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 134
Technical data24Storage of imagesImage storage Standard JPEG, including digital photo and meas-urement data, on memory cardStorage media Removable memory SD card (class 10)Image storage mode • Simultaneous storage of thermal and digitalphoto in same JPEG.• Optional to store digital photo as separateJPEG.Time lapse 15 seconds to 24 hoursFile formats • Standard JPEG, measurement data included• CSQ, measurement data includedFile formats, visual Standard JPEG, automatically associated withcorresponding thermal imageImage annotationsVoice 60 seconds (via Bluetooth) stored with the imageText Add table. Select between predefined templatesImage description Add short note (stored in JPEG exif tag)Sketch • Draw on thermal/digital photo or add prede-fined stamps• Separate PC software with extensive reportgenerationGeographic Information SystemGPS Location data automatically added to every imagefrom built-in GPSCompass Camera direction automatically added to everyimageVideo recording in cameraRadiometric IR-video recording Real-time radiometric recording (RTRR) to memo-ry cardNon-radiometric IR-video recording H.264 to memory cardVisual video recording H.264 to memory cardVideo streamingRadiometric IR-video streaming • Full dynamic to PC using high speed interface• Real-time radiometric streaming (RTRS) viaUSBNon-radiometric IR-video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBVisual video streaming • H.264 video using Wi-Fi• H.264 video using USBDigital cameraDigital camera FOV adapts to the IR lensVideo lamp Built-in LED lightLaser pointerLaser Activated by dedicated buttonLaser alignment Position is automatic displayed on the IR image#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 135
Technical data24Laser pointerLaser classification Class 2Laser type Semiconductor AlGaInP diode laser, 1 mW, 635nm (red)Data communication interfacesInterfaces USB-micro-AB, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, HDMIBluetooth Communication with headsetWi-Fi Peer to peer (adhoc), infrastructure (network) orAPSD Card One card slot for removable SD memory cardsAudio Microphone headset via Bluetooth for voice anno-tation of imagesUSBUSB USB Micro -AB: Data transfer to and from PC /Uncompressed colorized videoUSB, standard • USB 2.0 High Speed• USB Micro-AB connectorVideoVideo out HDMI compatibleVideo, connector type HDMI type CRadioWi-Fi • Standard: 802.11 b/g/n• Frequency range: 2412–2462 MHz• Max output power: 15 dBmBluetooth Frequency range: 2402–2480 MHz Supports 2.1,4.0 and 4.0BLEAntenna InternalPower systemBattery Li IonBattery type Rechargeable Li Ion batteryBattery operating time > 2.5 hours at 25°C (+68°F) and typical useCharging system In camera (AC adapter or 12 V from a vehicle) or2-bay chargerCharging time 2.5 h to 90 % capacity, charging status indicatedby LED'sCharging temperature 0°C to +45°C (+32°F to +113°F)External power operation AC adapter 90–260 VAC, 50/60 Hz or 12 V from avehicle (cable with standard plug, optional)Power management Automatic power-off functionality, user-configura-ble between 5 min, 20 min, or no automaticshutdownEnvironmental dataStorage temperature range –40°C to +70°C (–40°F to +158°F)Humidity (operating and storage) IEC 60068-2-30/24 h 95% relative humidity +25°Cto +40°C (+77°F to +104°F) / 2 cycles#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 136
Technical data24Environmental dataEMC • ETSI EN 301 489-1 (radio)• ETSI EN 301 489-17• EN 61000-6-2 (Immunity)• EN 61000-6-3 (Emission)• FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Class B (Emission)• ICES-003Radio spectrum • ETSI EN 300 328• FCC Part 15.247• RSS-247 issue 1Encapsulation IP 54 (IEC 60529)Shock 25 g (IEC 60068-2-29)Vibration 2 g (IEC 60068-2-6)Safety EN/UL/CSA/PSE 60950-1Physical dataWeight 2.0 kg (4.3 lb.)Tripod mounting UNC ¼"-20Housing material MagnesiumShipping informationList of contents • Infrared camera with lens• Battery (2 ea.)• Battery charger• Bluetooth headset• Calibration certificate• FLIR ResearchIR Max 4• FLIR Tools+ license card• User documentation CD-ROM• Printed documentation• HDMI-HDMI cable• Hard transport case• Large eyecap• Lens cap• Memory card• Neck strap• Power supply, incl. multi-plugs• USB cable, Std A to Micro-B• High-speed interfaceEAN-13 7332558010433UPC-12 845188011086Country of origin Sweden#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 137
Mechanical drawings25#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 138
7,1in180,4mm 1,72in43,7mm 6,58in167,2mm 5,63in142,9mm 2,68in68mm 7,41in188,3mm 8,05in204,5mm 7,41in188,3mm 4,55in115,5mm 1,72in43,7mm 2,3in58,4mm 4,55in115,5mm 4,76in120,8mm 5,67in144mm 5,37in136,3mm 1,75in44,5mm 0,55in14mm 2,77in70,4mm 1,74in44,3mm 6,31in160,2mm 5,63in143mm ViewfinderOptionalCamera housingSheetDrawing No.SizeCheckDrawn byDenominationA31(6)T128849Basic dimensions FLIR T10xxAKZE2015-05-19R&D ThermographyModified12345678910ABCDEFGH1 32 54CFBDGEA6SizeB1:2Scale© 2012, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No part of this drawing may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from FLIR Systems, Inc. Specifications subject to change without further notice. Dimensional data is based on nominal values. Products may be subject to regional market considerations. License procedures may apply. Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.-
8,63in219,2mm 7,67in194,9mm 3,96in100,5mm 5,9in149,8mm 5,28in134,1mm 5,19in131,9mm IR-LENS 12° (f=83,4mm)SheetDrawing No.SizeCheckDrawn byDenominationA32(6)T128849Basic dimensions FLIR T10xxAKZE2015-05-19R&D ThermographyModified12345678910ABCDEFGH1 32 54CFBDGEA6SizeB1:2Scale© 2012, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No part of this drawing may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from FLIR Systems, Inc. Specifications subject to change without further notice. Dimensional data is based on nominal values. Products may be subject to regional market considerations. License procedures may apply. Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.-
6,07in154,2mm 7,03in178,5mm 3,58in91mm 4,32in109,7mm 3,59in91,2mm 3,68in93,4mm IR-LENS 28° (f=36mm)SheetDrawing No.SizeCheckDrawn byDenominationA33(6)T128849Basic dimensions FLIR T10xxAKZE2015-05-19R&D ThermographyModified12345678910ABCDEFGH1 32 54CFBDGEA6SizeB1:2Scale© 2012, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No part of this drawing may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from FLIR Systems, Inc. Specifications subject to change without further notice. Dimensional data is based on nominal values. Products may be subject to regional market considerations. License procedures may apply. Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.-
6,21in157,7mm 7,17in182mm 3,58in91mm 4,46in113,3mm 3,82in96,9mm 3,73in94,8mm IR-LENS 45° (f=21,2mm)SheetDrawing No.SizeCheckDrawn byDenominationA34(6)T128849Basic dimensions FLIR T10xxAKZE2015-05-19R&D ThermographyModified12345678910ABCDEFGH1 32 54CFBDGEA6SizeB1:2Scale© 2012, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No part of this drawing may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from FLIR Systems, Inc. Specifications subject to change without further notice. Dimensional data is based on nominal values. Products may be subject to regional market considerations. License procedures may apply. Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.-
7,41in188,3mm 8,37in212,6mm 3,58in91mm 5,66in143,9mm 5,02in127,5mm 4,94in125,4mm IR-LENS CLOSE-UP (3X)SheetDrawing No.SizeCheckDrawn byDenominationA35(6)T128849Basic dimensions FLIR T10xxAKZE2015-05-19R&D ThermographyModified12345678910ABCDEFGH1 32 54CFBDGEA6SizeB1:2Scale© 2012, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No part of this drawing may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from FLIR Systems, Inc. Specifications subject to change without further notice. Dimensional data is based on nominal values. Products may be subject to regional market considerations. License procedures may apply. Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.-
3,85in97,7mm 2,01in51mm 3,4in86,4mm 5,25in133,2mm 1,57in39,8mm 3,3in83,8mm 1,47in37,3mm BATTERY / CHARGERSheetDrawing No.SizeCheckDrawn byDenominationA36(6)T128849Basic dimensions FLIR T10xxAKZE2015-05-19R&D ThermographyModified12345678910ABCDEFGH1 32 54CFBDGEA6SizeB1:2Scale© 2012, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide. No part of this drawing may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from FLIR Systems, Inc. Specifications subject to change without further notice. Dimensional data is based on nominal values. Products may be subject to regional market considerations. License procedures may apply. Product may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions. Diversion contrary to US law is prohibited.-
Cleaning the camera2626.1 Camera housing, cables, and other items26.1.1 LiquidsUse one of these liquids:• Warm water• A weak detergent solution26.1.2 EquipmentA soft cloth26.1.3 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Soak the cloth in the liquid.2. Twist the cloth to remove excess liquid.3. Clean the part with the cloth.CAUTIONDo not apply solvents or similar liquids to the camera, the cables, or other items. This can causedamage.26.2 Infrared lens26.2.1 LiquidsUse one of these liquids:• A commercial lens cleaning liquid with more than 30% isopropyl alcohol.• 96% ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH).26.2.2 EquipmentCotton wool26.2.3 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Soak the cotton wool in the liquid.2. Twist the cotton wool to remove excess liquid.3. Clean the lens one time only and discard the cotton wool.WARNINGMake sure that you read all applicable MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) and warning labels on con-tainers before you use a liquid: the liquids can be dangerous.CAUTION• Be careful when you clean the infrared lens. The lens has a delicate anti-reflective coating.• Do not clean the infrared lens too vigorously. This can damage the anti-reflective coating.26.3 Infrared detector26.3.1 GeneralEven small amounts of dust on the infrared detector can result in major blemishes in theimage. To remove any dust from the detector, follow the procedure below.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 145
Cleaning the camera26NOTE• This section only applies to cameras where removing the lens exposes the infrared detector.• In some cases the dust cannot be removed by following this procedure: the infrared detector mustbe cleaned mechanically. This mechanical cleaning must be carried out by an authorized servicepartner.CAUTIONIn Step 2 below, do not use pressurized air from pneumatic air circuits in a workshop, etc., as this airusually contains oil mist to lubricate pneumatic tools.26.3.2 ProcedureFollow this procedure:1. Remove the lens from the camera.2. Use pressurized air from a compressed air canister to blow off the dust.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 146
Application examples2727.1 Moisture & water damage27.1.1 GeneralIt is often possible to detect moisture and water damage in a house by using an infraredcamera. This is partly because the damaged area has a different heat conduction prop-erty and partly because it has a different thermal capacity to store heat than the sur-rounding material.NOTEMany factors can come into play as to how moisture or water damage will appear in an infrared image.For example, heating and cooling of these parts takes place at different rates depending on the materialand the time of day. For this reason, it is important that other methods are used as well to check formoisture or water damage.27.1.2 FigureThe image below shows extensive water damage on an external wall where the waterhas penetrated the outer facing because of an incorrectly installed window ledge.27.2 Faulty contact in socket27.2.1 GeneralDepending on the type of connection a socket has, an improperly connected wire can re-sult in local temperature increase. This temperature increase is caused by the reducedcontact area between the connection point of the incoming wire and the socket , and canresult in an electrical fire.NOTEA socket’s construction may differ dramatically from one manufacturer to another. For this reason, differ-ent faults in a socket can lead to the same typical appearance in an infrared image.Local temperature increase can also result from improper contact between wire and socket, or from dif-ference in load.27.2.2 FigureThe image below shows a connection of a cable to a socket where improper contact inthe connection has resulted in local temperature increase.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 147
Application examples2727.3 Oxidized socket27.3.1 GeneralDepending on the type of socket and the environment in which the socket is installed, ox-ides may occur on the socket's contact surfaces. These oxides can lead to locally in-creased resistance when the socket is loaded, which can be seen in an infrared imageas local temperature increase.NOTEA socket’s construction may differ dramatically from one manufacturer to another. For this reason, differ-ent faults in a socket can lead to the same typical appearance in an infrared image.Local temperature increase can also result from improper contact between a wire and socket, or fromdifference in load.27.3.2 FigureThe image below shows a series of fuses where one fuse has a raised temperature onthe contact surfaces against the fuse holder. Because of the fuse holder’s blank metal,the temperature increase is not visible there, while it is visible on the fuse’s ceramicmaterial.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 148
Application examples2727.4 Insulation deficiencies27.4.1 GeneralInsulation deficiencies may result from insulation losing volume over the course of timeand thereby not entirely filling the cavity in a frame wall.An infrared camera allows you to see these insulation deficiencies because they eitherhave a different heat conduction property than sections with correctly installed insulation,and/or show the area where air is penetrating the frame of the building.NOTEWhen you are inspecting a building, the temperature difference between the inside and outside shouldbe at least 10°C (18°F). Studs, water pipes, concrete columns, and similar components may resemblean insulation deficiency in an infrared image. Minor differences may also occur naturally.27.4.2 FigureIn the image below, insulation in the roof framing is lacking. Due to the absence of insula-tion, air has forced its way into the roof structure, which thus takes on a different charac-teristic appearance in the infrared image.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 149
Application examples2727.5 Draft27.5.1 GeneralDraft can be found under baseboards, around door and window casings, and above ceil-ing trim. This type of draft is often possible to see with an infrared camera, as a coolerairstream cools down the surrounding surface.NOTEWhen you are investigating draft in a house, there should be sub-atmospheric pressure in the house.Close all doors, windows, and ventilation ducts, and allow the kitchen fan to run for a while before youtake the infrared images.An infrared image of draft often shows a typical stream pattern. You can see this stream pattern clearlyin the picture below.Also keep in mind that drafts can be concealed by heat from floor heating circuits.27.5.2 FigureThe image below shows a ceiling hatch where faulty installation has resulted in a strongdraft.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 150
About FLIR Systems28FLIR Systems was established in 1978 to pioneer the development of high-performanceinfrared imaging systems, and is the world leader in the design, manufacture, and mar-keting of thermal imaging systems for a wide variety of commercial, industrial, and gov-ernment applications. Today, FLIR Systems embraces five major companies withoutstanding achievements in infrared technology since 1958—the Swedish AGEMA In-frared Systems (formerly AGA Infrared Systems), the three United States companies In-digo Systems, FSI, and Inframetrics, and the French company Cedip.Since 2007, FLIR Systems has acquired several companies with world-leading expertisein sensor technologies:• Extech Instruments (2007)• Ifara Tecnologías (2008)• Salvador Imaging (2009)• OmniTech Partners (2009)• Directed Perception (2009)• Raymarine (2010)• ICx Technologies (2010)• TackTick Marine Digital Instruments (2011)• Aerius Photonics (2011)• Lorex Technology (2012)• Traficon (2012)• MARSS (2013)• DigitalOptics micro-optics business (2013)Figure 28.1 Patent documents from the early 1960sThe company has sold more than 350,000 infrared cameras worldwide for applicationssuch as predictive maintenance, R & D, non-destructive testing, process control and au-tomation, and machine vision, among many others.FLIR Systems has three manufacturing plants in the United States (Portland, OR, Bos-ton, MA, Santa Barbara, CA) and one in Sweden (Stockholm). Since 2007 there is also amanufacturing plant in Tallinn, Estonia. Direct sales offices in Belgium, Brazil, China,France, Germany, Great Britain, Hong Kong, Italy, Japan, Korea, Sweden, and the USA—together with a worldwide network of agents and distributors—support our internation-al customer base.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 151
About FLIR Systems28FLIR Systems is at the forefront of innovation in the infrared camera industry. We antici-pate market demand by constantly improving our existing cameras and developing newones. The company has set milestones in product design and development such as theintroduction of the first battery-operated portable camera for industrial inspections, andthe first uncooled infrared camera, to mention just two innovations.Figure 28.2 1969: Thermovision Model 661. Thecamera weighed approximately 25 kg (55 lb.), theoscilloscope 20 kg (44 lb.), and the tripod 15 kg(33 lb.). The operator also needed a 220 VACgenerator set, and a 10 L (2.6 US gallon) jar withliquid nitrogen. To the left of the oscilloscope thePolaroid attachment (6 kg/13 lb.) can be seen.Figure 28.3 2015: FLIR One, an accessory toiPhone and Android mobile phones. Weight: 90 g(3.2 oz.).FLIR Systems manufactures all vital mechanical and electronic components of the cam-era systems itself. From detector design and manufacturing, to lenses and system elec-tronics, to final testing and calibration, all production steps are carried out andsupervised by our own engineers. The in-depth expertise of these infrared specialists en-sures the accuracy and reliability of all vital components that are assembled into your in-frared camera.28.1 More than just an infrared cameraAt FLIR Systems we recognize that our job is to go beyond just producing the best infra-red camera systems. We are committed to enabling all users of our infrared camera sys-tems to work more productively by providing them with the most powerful camera–software combination. Especially tailored software for predictive maintenance, R & D,and process monitoring is developed in-house. Most software is available in a wide varie-ty of languages.We support all our infrared cameras with a wide variety of accessories to adapt yourequipment to the most demanding infrared applications.28.2 Sharing our knowledgeAlthough our cameras are designed to be very user-friendly, there is a lot more to ther-mography than just knowing how to handle a camera. Therefore, FLIR Systems hasfounded the Infrared Training Center (ITC), a separate business unit, that provides certi-fied training courses. Attending one of the ITC courses will give you a truly hands-onlearning experience.The staff of the ITC are also there to provide you with any application support you mayneed in putting infrared theory into practice.28.3 Supporting our customersFLIR Systems operates a worldwide service network to keep your camera running at alltimes. If you discover a problem with your camera, local service centers have all the#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 152
About FLIR Systems28equipment and expertise to solve it within the shortest possible time. Therefore, there isno need to send your camera to the other side of the world or to talk to someone whodoes not speak your language.28.4 A few images from our facilitiesFigure 28.4 LEFT: Development of system electronics; RIGHT: Testing of an FPA detectorFigure 28.5 LEFT: Diamond turning machine; RIGHT: Lens polishing#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 153
Glossary29absorption(absorptionfactor)The amount of radiation absorbed by an object relative to the re-ceived radiation. A number between 0 and 1.atmosphere The gases between the object being measured and the camera, nor-mally air.autoadjust A function making a camera perform an internal image correction.autopalette The IR image is shown with an uneven spread of colors, displayingcold objects as well as hot ones at the same time.blackbody Totally non-reflective object. All its radiation is due to its owntemperature.blackbodyradiatorAn IR radiating equipment with blackbody properties used to cali-brate IR cameras.calculated at-mospherictransmissionA transmission value computed from the temperature, the relativehumidity of air and the distance to the object.cavity radiator A bottle shaped radiator with an absorbing inside, viewed throughthe bottleneck.colortemperatureThe temperature for which the color of a blackbody matches a spe-cific color.conduction The process that makes heat diffuse into a material.continuousadjustA function that adjusts the image. The function works all the time,continuously adjusting brightness and contrast according to the im-age content.convection Convection is a heat transfer mode where a fluid is brought into mo-tion, either by gravity or another force, thereby transferring heat fromone place to another.dual isotherm An isotherm with two color bands, instead of one.emissivity(emissivityfactor)The amount of radiation coming from an object, compared to that ofa blackbody. A number between 0 and 1.emittance Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time and area(W/m2)environment Objects and gases that emit radiation towards the object beingmeasured.estimated at-mospherictransmissionA transmission value, supplied by a user, replacing a calculated oneexternal optics Extra lenses, filters, heat shields etc. that can be put between thecamera and the object being measured.filter A material transparent only to some of the infrared wavelengths.FOV Field of view: The horizontal angle that can be viewed through an IRlens.FPA Focal plane array: A type of IR detector.graybody An object that emits a fixed fraction of the amount of energy of ablackbody for each wavelength.IFOV Instantaneous field of view: A measure of the geometrical resolutionof an IR camera.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 154
Glossary29image correc-tion (internal orexternal)A way of compensating for sensitivity differences in various parts oflive images and also of stabilizing the camera.infrared Non-visible radiation, having a wavelength from about 2–13 μm.IR infraredisotherm A function highlighting those parts of an image that fall above, belowor between one or more temperature intervals.isothermalcavityA bottle-shaped radiator with a uniform temperature viewed throughthe bottleneck.Laser LocatIR An electrically powered light source on the camera that emits laserradiation in a thin, concentrated beam to point at certain parts of theobject in front of the camera.laser pointer An electrically powered light source on the camera that emits laserradiation in a thin, concentrated beam to point at certain parts of theobject in front of the camera.level The center value of the temperature scale, usually expressed as asignal value.manual adjust A way to adjust the image by manually changing certain parameters.NETD Noise equivalent temperature difference. A measure of the imagenoise level of an IR camera.noise Undesired small disturbance in the infrared imageobjectparametersA set of values describing the circumstances under which the meas-urement of an object was made, and the object itself (such as emis-sivity, reflected apparent temperature, distance etc.)object signal A non-calibrated value related to the amount of radiation received bythe camera from the object.palette The set of colors used to display an IR image.pixel Stands for picture element. One single spot in an image.radiance Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time, area andangle (W/m2/sr)radiant power Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time (W)radiation The process by which electromagnetic energy, is emitted by an ob-ject or a gas.radiator A piece of IR radiating equipment.range The current overall temperature measurement limitation of an IRcamera. Cameras can have several ranges. Expressed as twoblackbody temperatures that limit the current calibration.referencetemperatureA temperature which the ordinary measured values can be com-pared with.reflection The amount of radiation reflected by an object relative to the re-ceived radiation. A number between 0 and 1.relativehumidityRelative humidity represents the ratio between the current water va-pour mass in the air and the maximum it may contain in saturationconditions.saturationcolorThe areas that contain temperatures outside the present level/spansettings are colored with the saturation colors. The saturation colorscontain an ‘overflow’ color and an ‘underflow’ color. There is also athird red saturation color that marks everything saturated by the de-tector indicating that the range should probably be changed.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 155
Glossary29span The interval of the temperature scale, usually expressed as a signalvalue.spectral (radi-ant) emittanceAmount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time, area andwavelength (W/m2/μm)temperaturedifference, ordifference oftemperature.A value which is the result of a subtraction between two temperaturevalues.temperaturerange The current overall temperature measurement limitation of an IRcamera. Cameras can have several ranges. Expressed as twoblackbody temperatures that limit the current calibration.temperaturescaleThe way in which an IR image currently is displayed. Expressed astwo temperature values limiting the colors.thermogram infrared imagetransmission(or transmit-tance) factorGases and materials can be more or less transparent. Transmissionis the amount of IR radiation passing through them. A number be-tween 0 and 1.transparentisotherm An isotherm showing a linear spread of colors, instead of coveringthe highlighted parts of the image.visual Refers to the video mode of a IR camera, as opposed to the normal,thermographic mode. When a camera is in video mode it capturesordinary video images, while thermographic images are capturedwhen the camera is in IR mode.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 156
Thermographic measurementtechniques3030.1 IntroductionAn infrared camera measures and images the emitted infrared radiation from an object.The fact that radiation is a function of object surface temperature makes it possible forthe camera to calculate and display this temperature.However, the radiation measured by the camera does not only depend on the tempera-ture of the object but is also a function of the emissivity. Radiation also originates fromthe surroundings and is reflected in the object. The radiation from the object and the re-flected radiation will also be influenced by the absorption of the atmosphere.To measure temperature accurately, it is therefore necessary to compensate for the ef-fects of a number of different radiation sources. This is done on-line automatically by thecamera. The following object parameters must, however, be supplied for the camera:• The emissivity of the object• The reflected apparent temperature• The distance between the object and the camera• The relative humidity• Temperature of the atmosphere30.2 EmissivityThe most important object parameter to set correctly is the emissivity which, in short, is ameasure of how much radiation is emitted from the object, compared to that from a per-fect blackbody of the same temperature.Normally, object materials and surface treatments exhibit emissivity ranging from approx-imately 0.1 to 0.95. A highly polished (mirror) surface falls below 0.1, while an oxidizedor painted surface has a higher emissivity. Oil-based paint, regardless of color in the visi-ble spectrum, has an emissivity over 0.9 in the infrared. Human skin exhibits an emissiv-ity 0.97 to 0.98.Non-oxidized metals represent an extreme case of perfect opacity and high reflexivity,which does not vary greatly with wavelength. Consequently, the emissivity of metals islow – only increasing with temperature. For non-metals, emissivity tends to be high, anddecreases with temperature.30.2.1 Finding the emissivity of a sample30.2.1.1 Step 1: Determining reflected apparent temperatureUse one of the following two methods to determine reflected apparent temperature:#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 157
Thermographic measurement techniques3030.2.1.1.1 Method 1: Direct methodFollow this procedure:1. Look for possible reflection sources, considering that the incident angle = reflectionangle (a = b).Figure 30.1 1 = Reflection source2. If the reflection source is a spot source, modify the source by obstructing it using apiece if cardboard.Figure 30.2 1 = Reflection source#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 158
Thermographic measurement techniques303. Measure the radiation intensity (= apparent temperature) from the reflecting sourceusing the following settings:• Emissivity: 1.0• Dobj: 0You can measure the radiation intensity using one of the following two methods:Figure 30.3 1 = Reflection sourceNOTEUsing a thermocouple to measure reflected apparent temperature is not recommended for two impor-tant reasons:• A thermocouple does not measure radiation intensity• A thermocouple requires a very good thermal contact to the surface, usually by gluing and coveringthe sensor by a thermal isolator.30.2.1.1.2 Method 2: Reflector methodFollow this procedure:1. Crumble up a large piece of aluminum foil.2. Uncrumble the aluminum foil and attach it to a piece of cardboard of the same size.3. Put the piece of cardboard in front of the object you want to measure. Make sure thatthe side with aluminum foil points to the camera.4. Set the emissivity to 1.0.5. Measure the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil and write it down.Figure 30.4 Measuring the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 159
Thermographic measurement techniques3030.2.1.2 Step 2: Determining the emissivityFollow this procedure:1. Select a place to put the sample.2. Determine and set reflected apparent temperature according to the previousprocedure.3. Put a piece of electrical tape with known high emissivity on the sample.4. Heat the sample at least 20 K above room temperature. Heating must be reasonablyeven.5. Focus and auto-adjust the camera, and freeze the image.6. Adjust Level and Span for best image brightness and contrast.7. Set emissivity to that of the tape (usually 0.97).8. Measure the temperature of the tape using one of the following measurementfunctions:•Isotherm (helps you to determine both the temperature and how evenly you haveheated the sample)•Spot (simpler)•Box Avg (good for surfaces with varying emissivity).9. Write down the temperature.10. Move your measurement function to the sample surface.11. Change the emissivity setting until you read the same temperature as your previousmeasurement.12. Write down the emissivity.NOTE• Avoid forced convection• Look for a thermally stable surrounding that will not generate spot reflections• Use high quality tape that you know is not transparent, and has a high emissivity you are certain of• This method assumes that the temperature of your tape and the sample surface are the same. Ifthey are not, your emissivity measurement will be wrong.30.3 Reflected apparent temperatureThis parameter is used to compensate for the radiation reflected in the object. If theemissivity is low and the object temperature relatively far from that of the reflected it willbe important to set and compensate for the reflected apparent temperature correctly.30.4 DistanceThe distance is the distance between the object and the front lens of the camera. Thisparameter is used to compensate for the following two facts:• That radiation from the target is absorbed by the atmosphere between the object andthe camera.• That radiation from the atmosphere itself is detected by the camera.30.5 Relative humidityThe camera can also compensate for the fact that the transmittance is also dependenton the relative humidity of the atmosphere. To do this set the relative humidity to the cor-rect value. For short distances and normal humidity the relative humidity can normally beleft at a default value of 50%.30.6 Other parametersIn addition, some cameras and analysis programs from FLIR Systems allow you to com-pensate for the following parameters:• Atmospheric temperature – i.e. the temperature of the atmosphere between the cam-era and the target• External optics temperature – i.e. the temperature of any external lenses or windowsused in front of the camera#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 160
Thermographic measurement techniques30• External optics transmittance – i.e. the transmission of any external lenses or windowsused in front of the camera#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 161
History of infrared technology31Before the year 1800, the existence of the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spec-trum wasn't even suspected. The original significance of the infrared spectrum, or simply‘the infrared’ as it is often called, as a form of heat radiation is perhaps less obvious to-day than it was at the time of its discovery by Herschel in 1800.Figure 31.1 Sir William Herschel (1738–1822)The discovery was made accidentally during the search for a new optical material. SirWilliam Herschel – Royal Astronomer to King George III of England, and already famousfor his discovery of the planet Uranus – was searching for an optical filter material to re-duce the brightness of the sun’s image in telescopes during solar observations. Whiletesting different samples of colored glass which gave similar reductions in brightness hewas intrigued to find that some of the samples passed very little of the sun’s heat, whileothers passed so much heat that he risked eye damage after only a few seconds’observation.Herschel was soon convinced of the necessity of setting up a systematic experiment,with the objective of finding a single material that would give the desired reduction inbrightness as well as the maximum reduction in heat. He began the experiment by ac-tually repeating Newton’s prism experiment, but looking for the heating effect rather thanthe visual distribution of intensity in the spectrum. He first blackened the bulb of a sensi-tive mercury-in-glass thermometer with ink, and with this as his radiation detector he pro-ceeded to test the heating effect of the various colors of the spectrum formed on the topof a table by passing sunlight through a glass prism. Other thermometers, placed outsidethe sun’s rays, served as controls.As the blackened thermometer was moved slowly along the colors of the spectrum, thetemperature readings showed a steady increase from the violet end to the red end. Thiswas not entirely unexpected, since the Italian researcher, Landriani, in a similar experi-ment in 1777 had observed much the same effect. It was Herschel, however, who wasthe first to recognize that there must be a point where the heating effect reaches a maxi-mum, and that measurements confined to the visible portion of the spectrum failed to lo-cate this point.Figure 31.2 Marsilio Landriani (1746–1815)Moving the thermometer into the dark region beyond the red end of the spectrum, Her-schel confirmed that the heating continued to increase. The maximum point, when hefound it, lay well beyond the red end – in what is known today as the ‘infraredwavelengths’.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 162
History of infrared technology31When Herschel revealed his discovery, he referred to this new portion of the electromag-netic spectrum as the ‘thermometrical spectrum’. The radiation itself he sometimes re-ferred to as ‘dark heat’, or simply ‘the invisible rays’. Ironically, and contrary to popularopinion, it wasn't Herschel who originated the term ‘infrared’. The word only began to ap-pear in print around 75 years later, and it is still unclear who should receive credit as theoriginator.Herschel’s use of glass in the prism of his original experiment led to some early contro-versies with his contemporaries about the actual existence of the infrared wavelengths.Different investigators, in attempting to confirm his work, used various types of glass in-discriminately, having different transparencies in the infrared. Through his later experi-ments, Herschel was aware of the limited transparency of glass to the newly-discoveredthermal radiation, and he was forced to conclude that optics for the infrared would prob-ably be doomed to the use of reflective elements exclusively (i.e. plane and curved mir-rors). Fortunately, this proved to be true only until 1830, when the Italian investigator,Melloni, made his great discovery that naturally occurring rock salt (NaCl) – which wasavailable in large enough natural crystals to be made into lenses and prisms – is remark-ably transparent to the infrared. The result was that rock salt became the principal infra-red optical material, and remained so for the next hundred years, until the art of syntheticcrystal growing was mastered in the 1930’s.Figure 31.3 Macedonio Melloni (1798–1854)Thermometers, as radiation detectors, remained unchallenged until 1829, the year Nobiliinvented the thermocouple. (Herschel’s own thermometer could be read to 0.2 °C(0.036 °F), and later models were able to be read to 0.05 °C (0.09 °F)). Then a break-through occurred; Melloni connected a number of thermocouples in series to form thefirst thermopile. The new device was at least 40 times as sensitive as the best thermome-ter of the day for detecting heat radiation – capable of detecting the heat from a personstanding three meters away.The first so-called ‘heat-picture’ became possible in 1840, the result of work by Sir JohnHerschel, son of the discoverer of the infrared and a famous astronomer in his own right.Based upon the differential evaporation of a thin film of oil when exposed to a heat pat-tern focused upon it, the thermal image could be seen by reflected light where the inter-ference effects of the oil film made the image visible to the eye. Sir John also managedto obtain a primitive record of the thermal image on paper, which he called a‘thermograph’.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 163
History of infrared technology31Figure 31.4 Samuel P. Langley (1834–1906)The improvement of infrared-detector sensitivity progressed slowly. Another major break-through, made by Langley in 1880, was the invention of the bolometer. This consisted ofa thin blackened strip of platinum connected in one arm of a Wheatstone bridge circuitupon which the infrared radiation was focused and to which a sensitive galvanometer re-sponded. This instrument is said to have been able to detect the heat from a cow at adistance of 400 meters.An English scientist, Sir James Dewar, first introduced the use of liquefied gases as cool-ing agents (such as liquid nitrogen with a temperature of -196 °C (-320.8 °F)) in low tem-perature research. In 1892 he invented a unique vacuum insulating container in which itis possible to store liquefied gases for entire days. The common ‘thermos bottle’, usedfor storing hot and cold drinks, is based upon his invention.Between the years 1900 and 1920, the inventors of the world ‘discovered’ the infrared.Many patents were issued for devices to detect personnel, artillery, aircraft, ships – andeven icebergs. The first operating systems, in the modern sense, began to be developedduring the 1914–18 war, when both sides had research programs devoted to the militaryexploitation of the infrared. These programs included experimental systems for enemyintrusion/detection, remote temperature sensing, secure communications, and ‘flying tor-pedo’ guidance. An infrared search system tested during this period was able to detectan approaching airplane at a distance of 1.5 km (0.94 miles), or a person more than 300meters (984 ft.) away.The most sensitive systems up to this time were all based upon variations of the bolome-ter idea, but the period between the two wars saw the development of two revolutionarynew infrared detectors: the image converter and the photon detector. At first, the imageconverter received the greatest attention by the military, because it enabled an observerfor the first time in history to literally ‘see in the dark’. However, the sensitivity of the im-age converter was limited to the near infrared wavelengths, and the most interesting mili-tary targets (i.e. enemy soldiers) had to be illuminated by infrared search beams. Sincethis involved the risk of giving away the observer’s position to a similarly-equipped enemyobserver, it is understandable that military interest in the image converter eventuallyfaded.The tactical military disadvantages of so-called 'active’ (i.e. search beam-equipped) ther-mal imaging systems provided impetus following the 1939–45 war for extensive secretmilitary infrared-research programs into the possibilities of developing ‘passive’ (nosearch beam) systems around the extremely sensitive photon detector. During this peri-od, military secrecy regulations completely prevented disclosure of the status of infrared-imaging technology. This secrecy only began to be lifted in the middle of the 1950’s, andfrom that time adequate thermal-imaging devices finally began to be available to civilianscience and industry.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 164
Theory of thermography3232.1 IntroductionThe subjects of infrared radiation and the related technique of thermography are still newto many who will use an infrared camera. In this section the theory behind thermographywill be given.32.2 The electromagnetic spectrumThe electromagnetic spectrum is divided arbitrarily into a number of wavelength regions,called bands, distinguished by the methods used to produce and detect the radiation.There is no fundamental difference between radiation in the different bands of the elec-tromagnetic spectrum. They are all governed by the same laws and the only differencesare those due to differences in wavelength.Figure 32.1 The electromagnetic spectrum. 1: X-ray; 2: UV; 3: Visible; 4: IR; 5: Microwaves; 6:Radiowaves.Thermography makes use of the infrared spectral band. At the short-wavelength end theboundary lies at the limit of visual perception, in the deep red. At the long-wavelengthend it merges with the microwave radio wavelengths, in the millimeter range.The infrared band is often further subdivided into four smaller bands, the boundaries ofwhich are also arbitrarily chosen. They include: the near infrared (0.75–3 μm), the middleinfrared (3–6 μm), the far infrared (6–15 μm) and the extreme infrared (15–100 μm).Although the wavelengths are given in μm (micrometers), other units are often still usedto measure wavelength in this spectral region, e.g. nanometer (nm) and Ångström (Å).The relationships between the different wavelength measurements is:32.3 Blackbody radiationA blackbody is defined as an object which absorbs all radiation that impinges on it at anywavelength. The apparent misnomer black relating to an object emitting radiation is ex-plained by Kirchhoff’s Law (after Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, 1824–1887), which states thata body capable of absorbing all radiation at any wavelength is equally capable in theemission of radiation.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 165
Theory of thermography32Figure 32.2 Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824–1887)The construction of a blackbody source is, in principle, very simple. The radiation charac-teristics of an aperture in an isotherm cavity made of an opaque absorbing material rep-resents almost exactly the properties of a blackbody. A practical application of theprinciple to the construction of a perfect absorber of radiation consists of a box that islight tight except for an aperture in one of the sides. Any radiation which then enters thehole is scattered and absorbed by repeated reflections so only an infinitesimal fractioncan possibly escape. The blackness which is obtained at the aperture is nearly equal toa blackbody and almost perfect for all wavelengths.By providing such an isothermal cavity with a suitable heater it becomes what is termedacavity radiator. An isothermal cavity heated to a uniform temperature generates black-body radiation, the characteristics of which are determined solely by the temperature ofthe cavity. Such cavity radiators are commonly used as sources of radiation in tempera-ture reference standards in the laboratory for calibrating thermographic instruments,such as a FLIR Systems camera for example.If the temperature of blackbody radiation increases to more than 525°C (977°F), thesource begins to be visible so that it appears to the eye no longer black. This is the incipi-ent red heat temperature of the radiator, which then becomes orange or yellow as thetemperature increases further. In fact, the definition of the so-called color temperature ofan object is the temperature to which a blackbody would have to be heated to have thesame appearance.Now consider three expressions that describe the radiation emitted from a blackbody.32.3.1 Planck’s lawFigure 32.3 Max Planck (1858–1947)Max Planck (1858–1947) was able to describe the spectral distribution of the radiationfrom a blackbody by means of the following formula:where:#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 166
Theory of thermography32Wλb Blackbody spectral radiant emittance at wavelength λ.cVelocity of light = 3 × 108m/sh Planck’s constant = 6.6 × 10-34 Joule sec.k Boltzmann’s constant = 1.4 × 10-23 Joule/K.T Absolute temperature (K) of a blackbody.λ Wavelength (μm).NOTEThe factor 10-6 is used since spectral emittance in the curves is expressed in Watt/m2, μm.Planck’s formula, when plotted graphically for various temperatures, produces a family ofcurves. Following any particular Planck curve, the spectral emittance is zero at λ = 0,then increases rapidly to a maximum at a wavelength λmax and after passing it ap-proaches zero again at very long wavelengths. The higher the temperature, the shorterthe wavelength at which maximum occurs.Figure 32.4 Blackbody spectral radiant emittance according to Planck’s law, plotted for various absolutetemperatures. 1: Spectral radiant emittance (W/cm2× 103(μm)); 2: Wavelength (μm)32.3.2 Wien’s displacement lawBy differentiating Planck’s formula with respect to λ, and finding the maximum, we have:This is Wien’s formula (after Wilhelm Wien, 1864–1928), which expresses mathemati-cally the common observation that colors vary from red to orange or yellow as the tem-perature of a thermal radiator increases. The wavelength of the color is the same as thewavelength calculated for λmax. A good approximation of the value of λmax for a givenblackbody temperature is obtained by applying the rule-of-thumb 3 000/T μm. Thus, avery hot star such as Sirius (11 000 K), emitting bluish-white light, radiates with the peakof spectral radiant emittance occurring within the invisible ultraviolet spectrum, at wave-length 0.27 μm.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 167
Theory of thermography32Figure 32.5 Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928)The sun (approx. 6 000 K) emits yellow light, peaking at about 0.5 μm in the middle ofthe visible light spectrum.At room temperature (300 K) the peak of radiant emittance lies at 9.7 μm, in the far infra-red, while at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K) the maximum of the almost insignif-icant amount of radiant emittance occurs at 38 μm, in the extreme infrared wavelengths.Figure 32.6 Planckian curves plotted on semi-log scales from 100 K to 1000 K. The dotted line representsthe locus of maximum radiant emittance at each temperature as described by Wien's displacement law. 1:Spectral radiant emittance (W/cm2(μm)); 2: Wavelength (μm).32.3.3 Stefan-Boltzmann's lawBy integrating Planck’s formula from λ = 0 to λ = ∞, we obtain the total radiant emittance(Wb) of a blackbody:This is the Stefan-Boltzmann formula (after Josef Stefan, 1835–1893, and Ludwig Boltz-mann, 1844–1906), which states that the total emissive power of a blackbody is propor-tional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature. Graphically, Wbrepresents thearea below the Planck curve for a particular temperature. It can be shown that the radiantemittance in the interval λ = 0 to λmax is only 25% of the total, which represents about theamount of the sun’s radiation which lies inside the visible light spectrum.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 168
Theory of thermography32Figure 32.7 Josef Stefan (1835–1893), and Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906)Using the Stefan-Boltzmann formula to calculate the power radiated by the human body,at a temperature of 300 K and an external surface area of approx. 2 m2, we obtain 1 kW.This power loss could not be sustained if it were not for the compensating absorption ofradiation from surrounding surfaces, at room temperatures which do not vary too drasti-cally from the temperature of the body – or, of course, the addition of clothing.32.3.4 Non-blackbody emittersSo far, only blackbody radiators and blackbody radiation have been discussed. However,real objects almost never comply with these laws over an extended wavelength region –although they may approach the blackbody behavior in certain spectral intervals. For ex-ample, a certain type of white paint may appear perfectly white in the visible light spec-trum, but becomes distinctly gray at about 2 μm, and beyond 3 μm it is almost black.There are three processes which can occur that prevent a real object from acting like ablackbody: a fraction of the incident radiation α may be absorbed, a fraction ρ may be re-flected, and a fraction τ may be transmitted. Since all of these factors are more or lesswavelength dependent, the subscript λ is used to imply the spectral dependence of theirdefinitions. Thus:• The spectral absorptance αλ= the ratio of the spectral radiant power absorbed by anobject to that incident upon it.• The spectral reflectance ρλ= the ratio of the spectral radiant power reflected by an ob-ject to that incident upon it.• The spectral transmittance τλ= the ratio of the spectral radiant power transmittedthrough an object to that incident upon it.The sum of these three factors must always add up to the whole at any wavelength, sowe have the relation:For opaque materials τλ= 0 and the relation simplifies to:Another factor, called the emissivity, is required to describe the fraction ε of the radiantemittance of a blackbody produced by an object at a specific temperature. Thus, wehave the definition:The spectral emissivity ελ= the ratio of the spectral radiant power from an object to thatfrom a blackbody at the same temperature and wavelength.Expressed mathematically, this can be written as the ratio of the spectral emittance ofthe object to that of a blackbody as follows:Generally speaking, there are three types of radiation source, distinguished by the waysin which the spectral emittance of each varies with wavelength.• A blackbody, for which ελ= ε = 1• A graybody, for which ελ= ε = constant less than 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 169
Theory of thermography32• A selective radiator, for which ε varies with wavelengthAccording to Kirchhoff’s law, for any material the spectral emissivity and spectral absorp-tance of a body are equal at any specified temperature and wavelength. That is:From this we obtain, for an opaque material (since αλ+ ρλ= 1):For highly polished materials ελapproaches zero, so that for a perfectly reflecting materi-al (i.e. a perfect mirror) we have:For a graybody radiator, the Stefan-Boltzmann formula becomes:This states that the total emissive power of a graybody is the same as a blackbody at thesame temperature reduced in proportion to the value of ε from the graybody.Figure 32.8 Spectral radiant emittance of three types of radiators. 1: Spectral radiant emittance; 2: Wave-length; 3: Blackbody; 4: Selective radiator; 5: Graybody.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 170
Theory of thermography32Figure 32.9 Spectral emissivity of three types of radiators. 1: Spectral emissivity; 2: Wavelength; 3: Black-body; 4: Graybody; 5: Selective radiator.32.4 Infrared semi-transparent materialsConsider now a non-metallic, semi-transparent body – let us say, in the form of a thick flatplate of plastic material. When the plate is heated, radiation generated within its volumemust work its way toward the surfaces through the material in which it is partially ab-sorbed. Moreover, when it arrives at the surface, some of it is reflected back into the inte-rior. The back-reflected radiation is again partially absorbed, but some of it arrives at theother surface, through which most of it escapes; part of it is reflected back again.Although the progressive reflections become weaker and weaker they must all be addedup when the total emittance of the plate is sought. When the resulting geometrical seriesis summed, the effective emissivity of a semi-transparent plate is obtained as:When the plate becomes opaque this formula is reduced to the single formula:This last relation is a particularly convenient one, because it is often easier to measurereflectance than to measure emissivity directly.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 171
The measurement formula33As already mentioned, when viewing an object, the camera receives radiation not onlyfrom the object itself. It also collects radiation from the surroundings reflected via the ob-ject surface. Both these radiation contributions become attenuated to some extent by theatmosphere in the measurement path. To this comes a third radiation contribution fromthe atmosphere itself.This description of the measurement situation, as illustrated in the figure below, is so fara fairly true description of the real conditions. What has been neglected could for in-stance be sun light scattering in the atmosphere or stray radiation from intense radiationsources outside the field of view. Such disturbances are difficult to quantify, however, inmost cases they are fortunately small enough to be neglected. In case they are not negli-gible, the measurement configuration is likely to be such that the risk for disturbance isobvious, at least to a trained operator. It is then his responsibility to modify the measure-ment situation to avoid the disturbance e.g. by changing the viewing direction, shieldingoff intense radiation sources etc.Accepting the description above, we can use the figure below to derive a formula for thecalculation of the object temperature from the calibrated camera output.Figure 33.1 A schematic representation of the general thermographic measurement situation.1: Sur-roundings; 2: Object; 3: Atmosphere; 4: CameraAssume that the received radiation power W from a blackbody source of temperatureTsource on short distance generates a camera output signal Usource that is proportional tothe power input (power linear camera). We can then write (Equation 1):or, with simplified notation:where C is a constant.Should the source be a graybody with emittance ε, the received radiation would conse-quently be εWsource.We are now ready to write the three collected radiation power terms:1. Emission from the object = ετWobj, where ε is the emittance of the object and τ is thetransmittance of the atmosphere. The object temperature is Tobj.#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 172
The measurement formula332. Reflected emission from ambient sources = (1 – ε)τWrefl, where (1 – ε) is the reflec-tance of the object. The ambient sources have the temperature Trefl.It has here been assumed that the temperature Trefl is the same for all emitting surfa-ces within the halfsphere seen from a point on the object surface. This is of coursesometimes a simplification of the true situation. It is, however, a necessary simplifica-tion in order to derive a workable formula, and Trefl can – at least theoretically – be giv-en a value that represents an efficient temperature of a complex surrounding.Note also that we have assumed that the emittance for the surroundings = 1. This iscorrect in accordance with Kirchhoff’s law: All radiation impinging on the surroundingsurfaces will eventually be absorbed by the same surfaces. Thus the emittance = 1.(Note though that the latest discussion requires the complete sphere around the ob-ject to be considered.)3. Emission from the atmosphere = (1 – τ)τWatm, where (1 – τ) is the emittance of the at-mosphere. The temperature of the atmosphere is Tatm.The total received radiation power can now be written (Equation 2):We multiply each term by the constant C of Equation 1 and replace the CW products bythe corresponding U according to the same equation, and get (Equation 3):Solve Equation 3 for Uobj (Equation 4):This is the general measurement formula used in all the FLIR Systems thermographicequipment. The voltages of the formula are:Table 33.1 VoltagesUobj Calculated camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperatureTobj i.e. a voltage that can be directly converted into true requestedobject temperature.Utot Measured camera output voltage for the actual case.Urefl Theoretical camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperatureTrefl according to the calibration.Uatm Theoretical camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperatureTatm according to the calibration.The operator has to supply a number of parameter values for the calculation:• the object emittance ε,• the relative humidity,• Tatm• object distance (Dobj)• the (effective) temperature of the object surroundings, or the reflected ambient tem-perature Trefl, and• the temperature of the atmosphere TatmThis task could sometimes be a heavy burden for the operator since there are normallyno easy ways to find accurate values of emittance and atmospheric transmittance for theactual case. The two temperatures are normally less of a problem provided the surround-ings do not contain large and intense radiation sources.A natural question in this connection is: How important is it to know the right values ofthese parameters? It could though be of interest to get a feeling for this problem alreadyhere by looking into some different measurement cases and compare the relative#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 173
The measurement formula33magnitudes of the three radiation terms. This will give indications about when it is impor-tant to use correct values of which parameters.The figures below illustrates the relative magnitudes of the three radiation contributionsfor three different object temperatures, two emittances, and two spectral ranges: SW andLW. Remaining parameters have the following fixed values:• τ = 0.88• Trefl = +20°C (+68°F)• Tatm = +20°C (+68°F)It is obvious that measurement of low object temperatures are more critical than measur-ing high temperatures since the ‘disturbing’ radiation sources are relatively much stron-ger in the first case. Should also the object emittance be low, the situation would be stillmore difficult.We have finally to answer a question about the importance of being allowed to use thecalibration curve above the highest calibration point, what we call extrapolation. Imaginethat we in a certain case measure Utot = 4.5 volts. The highest calibration point for thecamera was in the order of 4.1 volts, a value unknown to the operator. Thus, even if theobject happened to be a blackbody, i.e. Uobj = Utot, we are actually performing extrapola-tion of the calibration curve when converting 4.5 volts into temperature.Let us now assume that the object is not black, it has an emittance of 0.75, and the trans-mittance is 0.92. We also assume that the two second terms of Equation 4 amount to 0.5volts together. Computation of Uobj by means of Equation 4 then results in Uobj = 4.5 /0.75 / 0.92 – 0.5 = 6.0. This is a rather extreme extrapolation, particularly when consider-ing that the video amplifier might limit the output to 5 volts! Note, though, that the applica-tion of the calibration curve is a theoretical procedure where no electronic or otherlimitations exist. We trust that if there had been no signal limitations in the camera, and ifit had been calibrated far beyond 5 volts, the resulting curve would have been very muchthe same as our real curve extrapolated beyond 4.1 volts, provided the calibration algo-rithm is based on radiation physics, like the FLIR Systems algorithm. Of course theremust be a limit to such extrapolations.Figure 33.2 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions (SW cam-era). 1: Object temperature; 2: Emittance; Obj: Object radiation; Refl: Reflected radiation; Atm: atmos-phere radiation. Fixed parameters: τ = 0.88; Trefl = 20°C (+68°F); Tatm = 20°C (+68°F).#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 174
The measurement formula33Figure 33.3 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions (LW cam-era). 1: Object temperature; 2: Emittance; Obj: Object radiation; Refl: Reflected radiation; Atm: atmos-phere radiation. Fixed parameters: τ = 0.88; Trefl = 20°C (+68°F); Tatm = 20°C (+68°F).#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 175
Emissivity tables34This section presents a compilation of emissivity data from the infrared literature andmeasurements made by FLIR Systems.34.1 References1. Mikaél A. Bramson: Infrared Radiation, A Handbook for Applications, Plenum press,N.Y.2. William L. Wolfe, George J. Zissis: The Infrared Handbook, Office of Naval Research,Department of Navy, Washington, D.C.3. Madding, R. P.: Thermographic Instruments and systems. Madison, Wisconsin: Uni-versity of Wisconsin – Extension, Department of Engineering and Applied Science.4. William L. Wolfe: Handbook of Military Infrared Technology, Office of Naval Research,Department of Navy, Washington, D.C.5. Jones, Smith, Probert: External thermography of buildings..., Proc. of the Society ofPhoto-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, vol.110, Industrial and Civil Applications ofInfrared Technology, June 1977 London.6. Paljak, Pettersson: Thermography of Buildings, Swedish Building Research Institute,Stockholm 1972.7. Vlcek, J: Determination of emissivity with imaging radiometers and some emissivitiesat λ = 5 µm. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing.8. Kern: Evaluation of infrared emission of clouds and ground as measured by weathersatellites, Defence Documentation Center, AD 617 417.9. Öhman, Claes: Emittansmätningar med AGEMA E-Box. Teknisk rapport, AGEMA1999. (Emittance measurements using AGEMA E-Box. Technical report, AGEMA1999.)10. Matteï, S., Tang-Kwor, E: Emissivity measurements for Nextel Velvet coating 811-21between –36°C AND 82°C.11. Lohrengel & Todtenhaupt (1996)12. ITC Technical publication 32.13. ITC Technical publication 29.NOTEThe emissivity values in the table below are recorded using a shortwave (SW) camera. The valuesshould be regarded as recommendations only and used with caution.34.2 TablesTable 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference1 2 3 4 5 63M type 35 Vinyl electricaltape (severalcolors)< 80 LW ≈ 0.96 133M type 88 Black vinyl electri-cal tape< 105 LW ≈ 0.96 133M type 88 Black vinyl electri-cal tape< 105 MW < 0.96 133M type Super 33+Black vinyl electri-cal tape< 80 LW ≈ 0.96 13Aluminum anodized sheet 100 T 0.55 2Aluminum anodized, black,dull70 SW 0.67 9Aluminum anodized, black,dull70 LW 0.95 9Aluminum anodized, lightgray, dull70 SW 0.61 9#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 176
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Aluminum anodized, lightgray, dull70 LW 0.97 9Aluminum as received, plate 100 T 0.09 4Aluminum as received,sheet100 T 0.09 2Aluminum cast, blastcleaned70 SW 0.47 9Aluminum cast, blastcleaned70 LW 0.46 9Aluminum dipped in HNO3,plate100 T 0.05 4Aluminum foil 27 10 µm 0.04 3Aluminum foil 27 3 µm 0.09 3Aluminum oxidized, strongly 50–500 T 0.2–0.3 1Aluminum polished 50–100 T 0.04–0.06 1Aluminum polished plate 100 T 0.05 4Aluminum polished, sheet 100 T 0.05 2Aluminum rough surface 20–50 T 0.06–0.07 1Aluminum roughened 27 10 µm 0.18 3Aluminum roughened 27 3 µm 0.28 3Aluminum sheet, 4 samplesdifferentlyscratched70 SW 0.05–0.08 9Aluminum sheet, 4 samplesdifferentlyscratched70 LW 0.03–0.06 9Aluminum vacuumdeposited20 T 0.04 2Aluminum weathered,heavily17 SW 0.83–0.94 5Aluminum bronze 20 T 0.60 1Aluminumhydroxidepowder T 0.28 1Aluminum oxide activated, powder T 0.46 1Aluminum oxide pure, powder(alumina)T 0.16 1Asbestos board 20 T 0.96 1Asbestos fabric T 0.78 1Asbestos floor tile 35 SW 0.94 7Asbestos paper 40–400 T 0.93–0.95 1Asbestos powder T 0.40–0.60 1Asbestos slate 20 T 0.96 1Asphalt paving 4 LLW 0.967 8Brass dull, tarnished 20–350 T 0.22 1Brass oxidized 100 T 0.61 2Brass oxidized 70 SW 0.04–0.09 9Brass oxidized 70 LW 0.03–0.07 9Brass oxidized at 600°C 200–600 T 0.59–0.61 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 177
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Brass polished 200 T 0.03 1Brass polished, highly 100 T 0.03 2Brass rubbed with 80-grit emery20 T 0.20 2Brass sheet, rolled 20 T 0.06 1Brass sheet, workedwith emery20 T 0.2 1Brick alumina 17 SW 0.68 5Brick common 17 SW 0.86–0.81 5Brick Dinas silica,glazed, rough1100 T 0.85 1Brick Dinas silica,refractory1000 T 0.66 1Brick Dinas silica, un-glazed, rough1000 T 0.80 1Brick firebrick 17 SW 0.68 5Brick fireclay 1000 T 0.75 1Brick fireclay 1200 T 0.59 1Brick fireclay 20 T 0.85 1Brick masonry 35 SW 0.94 7Brick masonry,plastered20 T 0.94 1Brick red, common 20 T 0.93 2Brick red, rough 20 T 0.88–0.93 1Brick refractory,corundum1000 T 0.46 1Brick refractory,magnesite1000–1300 T 0.38 1Brick refractory,strongly radiating500–1000 T 0.8–0.9 1Brick refractory, weaklyradiating500–1000 T 0.65–0.75 1Brick silica, 95% SiO21230 T 0.66 1Brick sillimanite, 33%SiO2, 64% Al2O31500 T 0.29 1Brick waterproof 17 SW 0.87 5Bronze phosphor bronze 70 SW 0.08 9Bronze phosphor bronze 70 LW 0.06 9Bronze polished 50 T 0.1 1Bronze porous, rough 50–150 T 0.55 1Bronze powder T 0.76–0.80 1Carbon candle soot 20 T 0.95 2Carbon charcoal powder T 0.96 1Carbon graphite powder T 0.97 1Carbon graphite, filedsurface20 T 0.98 2Carbon lampblack 20–400 T 0.95–0.97 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 178
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Chipboard untreated 20 SW 0.90 6Chromium polished 50 T 0.10 1Chromium polished 500–1000 T 0.28–0.38 1Clay fired 70 T 0.91 1Cloth black 20 T 0.98 1Concrete 20 T 0.92 2Concrete dry 36 SW 0.95 7Concrete rough 17 SW 0.97 5Concrete walkway 5LLW 0.974 8Copper commercial,burnished20 T 0.07 1Copper electrolytic, care-fully polished80 T 0.018 1Copper electrolytic,polished–34 T 0.006 4Copper molten 1100–1300 T 0.13–0.15 1Copper oxidized 50 T 0.6–0.7 1Copper oxidized toblacknessT 0.88 1Copper oxidized, black 27 T 0.78 4Copper oxidized, heavily 20 T 0.78 2Copper polished 50–100 T 0.02 1Copper polished 100 T 0.03 2Copper polished,commercial27 T 0.03 4Copper polished,mechanical22 T 0.015 4Copper pure, carefullyprepared surface22 T 0.008 4Copper scraped 27 T 0.07 4Copper dioxide powder T 0.84 1Copper oxide red, powder T 0.70 1Ebonite T 0.89 1Emery coarse 80 T 0.85 1Enamel 20 T 0.9 1Enamel lacquer 20 T 0.85–0.95 1Fiber board hard, untreated 20 SW 0.85 6Fiber board masonite 70 SW 0.75 9Fiber board masonite 70 LW 0.88 9Fiber board particle board 70 SW 0.77 9Fiber board particle board 70 LW 0.89 9Fiber board porous, untreated 20 SW 0.85 6Gold polished 130 T 0.018 1Gold polished, carefully 200–600 T 0.02–0.03 1Gold polished, highly 100 T 0.02 2#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 179
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Granite polished 20 LLW 0.849 8Granite rough 21 LLW 0.879 8Granite rough, 4 differentsamples70 SW 0.95–0.97 9Granite rough, 4 differentsamples70 LW 0.77–0.87 9Gypsum 20 T 0.8–0.9 1Ice: See WaterIron and steel cold rolled 70 SW 0.20 9Iron and steel cold rolled 70 LW 0.09 9Iron and steel covered with redrust20 T 0.61–0.85 1Iron and steel electrolytic 100 T 0.05 4Iron and steel electrolytic 22 T 0.05 4Iron and steel electrolytic 260 T 0.07 4Iron and steel electrolytic, care-fully polished175–225 T 0.05–0.06 1Iron and steel freshly workedwith emery20 T 0.24 1Iron and steel ground sheet 950–1100 T 0.55–0.61 1Iron and steel heavily rustedsheet20 T 0.69 2Iron and steel hot rolled 130 T 0.60 1Iron and steel hot rolled 20 T 0.77 1Iron and steel oxidized 100 T 0.74 4Iron and steel oxidized 100 T 0.74 1Iron and steel oxidized 1227 T 0.89 4Iron and steel oxidized 125–525 T 0.78–0.82 1Iron and steel oxidized 200 T 0.79 2Iron and steel oxidized 200–600 T 0.80 1Iron and steel oxidized strongly 50 T 0.88 1Iron and steel oxidized strongly 500 T 0.98 1Iron and steel polished 100 T 0.07 2Iron and steel polished 400–1000 T 0.14–0.38 1Iron and steel polished sheet 750–1050 T 0.52–0.56 1Iron and steel rolled sheet 50 T 0.56 1Iron and steel rolled, freshly 20 T 0.24 1Iron and steel rough, planesurface50 T 0.95–0.98 1Iron and steel rusted red, sheet 22 T 0.69 4Iron and steel rusted, heavily 17 SW 0.96 5Iron and steel rusty, red 20 T 0.69 1Iron and steel shiny oxide layer,sheet,20 T 0.82 1Iron and steel shiny, etched 150 T 0.16 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 180
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Iron and steel wrought, carefullypolished40–250 T 0.28 1Iron galvanized heavily oxidized 70 SW 0.64 9Iron galvanized heavily oxidized 70 LW 0.85 9Iron galvanized sheet 92 T 0.07 4Iron galvanized sheet, burnished 30 T 0.23 1Iron galvanized sheet, oxidized 20 T 0.28 1Iron tinned sheet 24 T 0.064 4Iron, cast casting 50 T 0.81 1Iron, cast ingots 1000 T 0.95 1Iron, cast liquid 1300 T 0.28 1Iron, cast machined 800–1000 T 0.60–0.70 1Iron, cast oxidized 100 T 0.64 2Iron, cast oxidized 260 T 0.66 4Iron, cast oxidized 38 T 0.63 4Iron, cast oxidized 538 T 0.76 4Iron, cast oxidized at 600°C 200–600 T 0.64–0.78 1Iron, cast polished 200 T 0.21 1Iron, cast polished 38 T 0.21 4Iron, cast polished 40 T 0.21 2Iron, cast unworked 900–1100 T 0.87–0.95 1Krylon Ultra-flatblack 1602Flat black Room tempera-ture up to 175LW ≈ 0.96 12Krylon Ultra-flatblack 1602Flat black Room tempera-ture up to 175MW ≈ 0.97 12Lacquer 3 colors sprayedon Aluminum70 SW 0.50–0.53 9Lacquer 3 colors sprayedon Aluminum70 LW 0.92–0.94 9Lacquer Aluminum onrough surface20 T 0.4 1Lacquer bakelite 80 T 0.83 1Lacquer black, dull 40–100 T 0.96–0.98 1Lacquer black, matte 100 T 0.97 2Lacquer black, shiny,sprayed on iron20 T 0.87 1Lacquer heat–resistant 100 T 0.92 1Lacquer white 100 T 0.92 2Lacquer white 40–100 T 0.8–0.95 1Lead oxidized at 200°C 200 T 0.63 1Lead oxidized, gray 20 T 0.28 1Lead oxidized, gray 22 T 0.28 4Lead shiny 250 T 0.08 1Lead unoxidized,polished100 T 0.05 4#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 181
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Lead red 100 T 0.93 4Lead red, powder 100 T 0.93 1Leather tanned T 0.75–0.80 1Lime T 0.3–0.4 1Magnesium 22 T 0.07 4Magnesium 260 T 0.13 4Magnesium 538 T 0.18 4Magnesium polished 20 T 0.07 2MagnesiumpowderT 0.86 1Molybdenum 1500–2200 T 0.19–0.26 1Molybdenum 600–1000 T 0.08–0.13 1Molybdenum filament 700–2500 T 0.1–0.3 1Mortar 17 SW 0.87 5Mortar dry 36 SW 0.94 7Nextel Velvet811-21 BlackFlat black –60–150 LW > 0.97 10 and11Nichrome rolled 700 T 0.25 1Nichrome sandblasted 700 T 0.70 1Nichrome wire, clean 50 T 0.65 1Nichrome wire, clean 500–1000 T 0.71–0.79 1Nichrome wire, oxidized 50–500 T 0.95–0.98 1Nickel bright matte 122 T 0.041 4Nickel commerciallypure, polished100 T 0.045 1Nickel commerciallypure, polished200–400 T 0.07–0.09 1Nickel electrolytic 22 T 0.04 4Nickel electrolytic 260 T 0.07 4Nickel electrolytic 38 T 0.06 4Nickel electrolytic 538 T 0.10 4Nickel electroplated oniron, polished22 T 0.045 4Nickel electroplated oniron, unpolished20 T 0.11–0.40 1Nickel electroplated oniron, unpolished22 T 0.11 4Nickel electroplated,polished20 T 0.05 2Nickel oxidized 1227 T 0.85 4Nickel oxidized 200 T 0.37 2Nickel oxidized 227 T 0.37 4Nickel oxidized at 600°C 200–600 T 0.37–0.48 1Nickel polished 122 T 0.045 4Nickel wire 200–1000 T 0.1–0.2 1Nickel oxide 1000–1250 T 0.75–0.86 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 182
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Nickel oxide 500–650 T 0.52–0.59 1Oil, lubricating 0.025 mm film 20 T 0.27 2Oil, lubricating 0.050 mm film 20 T 0.46 2Oil, lubricating 0.125 mm film 20 T 0.72 2Oil, lubricating film on Ni base:Ni base only20 T 0.05 2Oil, lubricating thick coating 20 T 0.82 2Paint 8 different colorsand qualities70 SW 0.88–0.96 9Paint 8 different colorsand qualities70 LW 0.92–0.94 9Paint Aluminum, vari-ous ages50–100 T 0.27–0.67 1Paint cadmium yellow T 0.28–0.33 1Paint chrome green T 0.65–0.70 1Paint cobalt blue T 0.7–0.8 1Paint oil 17 SW 0.87 5Paint oil based, aver-age of 16 colors100 T 0.94 2Paint oil, black flat 20 SW 0.94 6Paint oil, black gloss 20 SW 0.92 6Paint oil, gray flat 20 SW 0.97 6Paint oil, gray gloss 20 SW 0.96 6Paint oil, various colors 100 T 0.92–0.96 1Paint plastic, black 20 SW 0.95 6Paint plastic, white 20 SW 0.84 6Paper 4 different colors 70 SW 0.68–0.74 9Paper 4 different colors 70 LW 0.92–0.94 9Paper black T 0.90 1Paper black, dull T 0.94 1Paper black, dull 70 SW 0.86 9Paper black, dull 70 LW 0.89 9Paper blue, dark T 0.84 1Paper coated with blacklacquerT 0.93 1Paper green T 0.85 1Paper red T 0.76 1Paper white 20 T 0.7–0.9 1Paper white bond 20 T 0.93 2Paper white, 3 differentglosses70 SW 0.76–0.78 9Paper white, 3 differentglosses70 LW 0.88–0.90 9Paper yellow T 0.72 1Plaster 17 SW 0.86 5#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 183
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Plaster plasterboard,untreated20 SW 0.90 6Plaster rough coat 20 T 0.91 2Plastic glass fibre lami-nate (printed circ.board)70 SW 0.94 9Plastic glass fibre lami-nate (printed circ.board)70 LW 0.91 9Plastic polyurethane iso-lation board70 LW 0.55 9Plastic polyurethane iso-lation board70 SW 0.29 9Plastic PVC, plastic floor,dull, structured70 SW 0.94 9Plastic PVC, plastic floor,dull, structured70 LW 0.93 9Platinum 100 T 0.05 4Platinum 1000–1500 T 0.14–0.18 1Platinum 1094 T 0.18 4Platinum 17 T 0.016 4Platinum 22 T 0.03 4Platinum 260 T 0.06 4Platinum 538 T 0.10 4Platinum pure, polished 200–600 T 0.05–0.10 1Platinum ribbon 900–1100 T 0.12–0.17 1Platinum wire 1400 T 0.18 1Platinum wire 500–1000 T 0.10–0.16 1Platinum wire 50–200 T 0.06–0.07 1Porcelain glazed 20 T 0.92 1Porcelain white, shiny T 0.70–0.75 1Rubber hard 20 T 0.95 1Rubber soft, gray, rough 20 T 0.95 1Sand T 0.60 1Sand 20 T 0.90 2Sandstone polished 19 LLW 0.909 8Sandstone rough 19 LLW 0.935 8Silver polished 100 T 0.03 2Silver pure, polished 200–600 T 0.02–0.03 1Skin human 32 T 0.98 2Slag boiler 0–100 T 0.97–0.93 1Slag boiler 1400–1800 T 0.69–0.67 1Slag boiler 200–500 T 0.89–0.78 1Slag boiler 600–1200 T 0.76–0.70 1Snow: See WaterSoil dry 20 T 0.92 2#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 184
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Soil saturated withwater20 T 0.95 2Stainless steel alloy, 8% Ni, 18%Cr500 T 0.35 1Stainless steel rolled 700 T 0.45 1Stainless steel sandblasted 700 T 0.70 1Stainless steel sheet, polished 70 SW 0.18 9Stainless steel sheet, polished 70 LW 0.14 9Stainless steel sheet, untreated,somewhatscratched70 SW 0.30 9Stainless steel sheet, untreated,somewhatscratched70 LW 0.28 9Stainless steel type 18-8, buffed 20 T 0.16 2Stainless steel type 18-8, oxi-dized at 800°C60 T 0.85 2Stucco rough, lime 10–90 T 0.91 1Styrofoam insulation 37 SW 0.60 7Tar T 0.79–0.84 1Tar paper 20 T 0.91–0.93 1Tile glazed 17 SW 0.94 5Tin burnished 20–50 T 0.04–0.06 1Tin tin–plated sheetiron100 T 0.07 2Titanium oxidized at 540°C 1000 T 0.60 1Titanium oxidized at 540°C 200 T 0.40 1Titanium oxidized at 540°C 500 T 0.50 1Titanium polished 1000 T 0.36 1Titanium polished 200 T 0.15 1Titanium polished 500 T 0.20 1Tungsten 1500–2200 T 0.24–0.31 1Tungsten 200 T 0.05 1Tungsten 600–1000 T 0.1–0.16 1Tungsten filament 3300 T 0.39 1Varnish flat 20 SW 0.93 6Varnish on oak parquetfloor70 SW 0.90 9Varnish on oak parquetfloor70 LW 0.90–0.93 9Wallpaper slight pattern,light gray20 SW 0.85 6Wallpaper slight pattern, red 20 SW 0.90 6Water distilled 20 T 0.96 2Water frost crystals –10 T 0.98 2Water ice, covered withheavy frost0 T 0.98 1Water ice, smooth 0 T 0.97 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 185
Emissivity tables34Table 34.1 T: Total spectrum; SW: 2–5 µm; LW: 8–14 µm, LLW: 6.5–20 µm; 1: Material; 2: Specification;3:Temperature in °C; 4: Spectrum; 5: Emissivity: 6:Reference (continued)1 2 3 4 5 6Water ice, smooth –10 T 0.96 2Water layer >0.1 mmthick0–100 T 0.95–0.98 1Water snow T 0.8 1Water snow –10 T 0.85 2Wood 17 SW 0.98 5Wood 19 LLW 0.962 8Wood ground T 0.5–0.7 1Wood pine, 4 differentsamples70 SW 0.67–0.75 9Wood pine, 4 differentsamples70 LW 0.81–0.89 9Wood planed 20 T 0.8–0.9 1Wood planed oak 20 T 0.90 2Wood planed oak 70 SW 0.77 9Wood planed oak 70 LW 0.88 9Wood plywood, smooth,dry36 SW 0.82 7Wood plywood,untreated20 SW 0.83 6Wood white, damp 20 T 0.7–0.8 1Zinc oxidized at 400°C 400 T 0.11 1Zinc oxidized surface 1000–1200 T 0.50–0.60 1Zinc polished 200–300 T 0.04–0.05 1Zinc sheet 50 T 0.20 1#T559954; r.28105/28105; en-US 186
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last pagePubl. No.: T559954Commit: 28105Head: 28105Language: en-USModified: 2015-08-26Formatted: 2015-08-26Corporate HeadquartersFLIR Systems, Inc.27700 SW Parkway Ave.Wilsonville, OR 97070USATelephone: +1-503-498-3547Websitehttp://www.flir.comCustomer supporthttp://support.flir.comCopyright© 2015, FLIR Systems, Inc. All rights reserved worldwide.DisclaimerSpecifications subject to change without further notice. Models and accessories subject to regional market considerations. License procedures may apply.Products described herein may be subject to US Export Regulations. Please refer to exportquestions@flir.com with any questions.

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