Exalt Wireless 104P94N 4.9 GHz Radio Module User Manual Manual

Exalt Communications Inc. 4.9 GHz Radio Module Manual

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104P94N User Manual

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203591-0022009-12-18ExtendAir (TDD)Digital Microwave RadiosInstallation and Management GuideModels:r4900 / rc4900r4905 / rc4905r4910 / rc4910r5000 / rc5000r5005 / rc5005r5010 / rc5010r5015 / rc5015

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 iii2009-12-18Table of ContentsLegal Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiOpen-Source License Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiList of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiList of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiiAbout this Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Related Documentation and Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2The ExtendAir (TDD) (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Basic Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Pre-installation Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Link Engineering and Site Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Familiarization with the ExtendAir (TDD) Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Shipping Box Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9RF Output Power Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Time Division Duplex (TDD) Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Link Orientation and Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Radio Reset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Radio Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Synchronization Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Offset Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14When Sync is Lost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Link Symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16System Installation and Initiation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Record Keeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Mechanical Configuration and Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Mounting the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Radio Ports and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Connector Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Terminating the RF Connectors (rc Models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23AC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Optional DC Power Injector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25CAT5 Lightning/Surge Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Reset to Critical Factory Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Antenna/Transmission System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Initial Antenna Mounting (rc models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Transmission Line from Antenna to Radio (rc Models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Indoor Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29RF Lightning Arrestor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radiosiv 203591-0022009-12-18Antenna Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Configuration and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Telnet into the Command Line Interface (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Connect to the Radio in a Telnet Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Preparing to Connect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Make Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Log In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Login Privileges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Quick Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Navigating the GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Summary Status Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Navigation Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Radio Information Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38Administration Settings Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41SNMP v1/v2c/v3 Support Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41SNMP Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42File Management Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44File Transfer Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44File Activation Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47System Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Ethernet Interface Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52T1/E1 Configuration Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53T1 Interface Configuration Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53E1 Interface Configuration Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54T1/E1 Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55VLAN Configuration Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Ethernet Rate Limiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58GPS Information Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Alarms Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Performance Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Event Log Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64User Throughput Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Diagnostic Charts Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Spectrum Analyzer Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Ethernet Utilization Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Reboot Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Manual Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Integrated Antenna Models (r models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74Connectorized Antenna Models (rc-models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74System Specifications, 4.9GHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76System Specifications, 5.3GHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77System Specifications, 5.4GHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 v2009-12-18System Specifications, 5.8GHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Interface Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81TDM Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81RSL & GPS Sync Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Power/Ethernet Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85General Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Typical Indications of Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86Improper RF Cable Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Multipath Propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87RF Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Path Obstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Misaligned Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Faulty Antenna (connectorized antenna rc-models only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Improper Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88Insufficient Link Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Moisture in the Transmission System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Back-to-back Bench Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Basic Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90Specification Performance Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91General Compliance and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92Dynamic Frequency Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Safety Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Regulatory Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9549xx Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95United States Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Federal Communications Commission (FCC), United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Canada Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Industry Canada (IC), Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Antennas Supported in Canada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Europe and ITU Country Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Regulatory Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98Regulatory Domain Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100EIRP Limits for the United States and Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102EIRP for the US and Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1024940-4990 MHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1025250–5350 MHz Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 5470–5725 MHz Band. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 5725–5850 MHz Band. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103EIRP Limits for Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105EIRP for Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 5470–5725 MHz Band. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 5725–5850 MHz Band. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105EIRP Limits for the European Union and ITU Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10650xx Series EIRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radiosvi 203591-0022009-12-18 5250–5350 MHz band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 5470–5725 MHz band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 5725–5850 MHz band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Declaration of Conformity to the R&TTE Directive1999/5/EC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109EU WEEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109EU RoHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110Exalt Limited Hardware Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Exclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111RMA Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Copyright Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 vii2009-12-18List of FiguresFigure 1 Exalt ExtendAir (TDD) r5000 (integrated antenna model) ..................................................2Figure 2 Mounting and cabling—integrated antenna model ..............................................................5Figure 3 Cabling and mounting—external antenna model .................................................................5Figure 4 Synchronized GPS sources ................................................................................................. 14Figure 5 Radio installation tasks ....................................................................................................... 18Figure 6 Pole-mount example (integrated antenna version) .............................................................20Figure 7 ExtendAir (TDD) connectors (model r5000) .....................................................................21Figure 8 Power injector connectors .................................................................................................. 25Figure 9 CLI main menu ................................................................................................................... 31Figure 10 Initiating the browser connection ....................................................................................... 33Figure 11 Browser Login screen ......................................................................................................... 33Figure 12 Radio Information page ...................................................................................................... 34Figure 13 Exalt GUI window description ...........................................................................................35Figure 14 Summary status information .............................................................................................. 36Figure 15 Radio Information page ...................................................................................................... 38Figure 16 Administration Settings page ............................................................................................. 39Figure 17 SNMP Configuration page ................................................................................................. 41Figure 18 Trap Configuration page .................................................................................................... 42Figure 19 File Transfer page ............................................................................................................... 44Figure 20 File Transfer page—download file link .............................................................................45Figure 21 File Activation page ........................................................................................................... 47Figure 22 System Configuration page ................................................................................................48Figure 23 Ethernet Interface Configuration page ...............................................................................52Figure 24 T1 Interface Configuration page ........................................................................................54Figure 25 E1 Interface Configuration page ........................................................................................54Figure 26 External (remote) loopback ................................................................................................55Figure 27 External (local) loopback ................................................................................................... 55Figure 28 Internal loopback ................................................................................................................ 55Figure 29 VLAN Configuration page ................................................................................................. 56Figure 30 Ethernet Rate Limiting page ............................................................................................... 58Figure 31 GPS Information page ........................................................................................................ 59Figure 32 Alarms page ........................................................................................................................ 60Figure 33 Performance page ............................................................................................................... 62Figure 34 Event Log page ................................................................................................................... 64Figure 35 User Throughput page ........................................................................................................ 65Figure 36 Aggregate User Throughput Help page ..............................................................................66Figure 37 Diagnostic Charts page ....................................................................................................... 67Figure 38 Spectrum Analyzer page .................................................................................................... 69Figure 39 Spectrum analyzer graph example .....................................................................................70Figure 40 Ethernet Utilization page .................................................................................................... 71Figure 41 Reboot page ........................................................................................................................ 72Figure 42 Manual page ....................................................................................................................... 73Figure 43 TDM connectors ................................................................................................................. 81Figure 44 RSL & GPS connector ....................................................................................................... 82Figure 45 Power/Ethernet connector .................................................................................................. 82Figure 46 Basic back-to-back bench test configuration ...................................................................... 90

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radiosviii 203591-0022009-12-18List of TablesTable 1 Factory default settings ...........................................................................................12Table 2 Connectors ..............................................................................................................21Table 3 LED indicators ........................................................................................................22Table 4 Recommended transmission line ............................................................................28Table 5 Default login information .......................................................................................33Table 6 Alarm status indicators ...........................................................................................61Table 7 Supported 5GHz antennas ......................................................................................83Table 8 Product Approvals ..................................................................................................98Table 9 4.9GHz Regulatory Domain Keys ........................................................................100Table 10 5GHz Regulatory Domain Keys ...........................................................................100Table 11 EU and ITU Country Specific EIRP Levels .........................................................108

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 12009-12-18About this DocumentThis manual provides a complete description of the ExtendAir (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios and related software. This manual provides planners, engineers, installers, system administrators, and technicians general and specific information related to the planning, installation, operation, management, and maintenance of these devices.Revision HistoryIconsThe following icons denote specific types ,of information:Date Products and Release code2009-11-16 Models 5000, 5005, 5010, and 5015 initial release v1.0.0 through v1.1.32009-12-18 Models 4900, 4905 and 4910 initial release v1.0Note: This symbol means take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to materials not contained in the manual.Warning! This warning symbol means there is a risk of electric shock. This situation that could cause bodily injury. Before working on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents.Caution! This symbol means be careful. There is a risk of doing something that might result in equipment damage or loss of data. This is a general warning, caution, or risk of danger.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios2203591-0022009-12-18IntroductionExalt Communications, Inc. thanks you for your purchase. Our goal is to build the highest quality, highest reliability digital microwave radio products. This commitment to quality and reliability extends to our employees and partners alike. We appreciate any comments on how we can improve our products, as well as your sales and Customer Care experience.Related Documentation and SoftwareThis manual makes reference to other documentation and software files that may be necessary. To access all documents and software mentioned in this manual visit:http://login.exaltcom.com/You must have a user account to view all downloads. Follow the online instructions to create a user account and request access.The ExtendAir (TDD) Digital Microwave RadiosThe Exalt ExtendAir (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios are the most advanced carrier-class point-to-point terrestrial radio communications devices operating in the 4940 to 4990 or 5250 to 5875 MHz frequency bands. The ExtendAir (TDD) radios are available in the following configurations:•r-models have an integrated antenna.• rc-models have a connector for external antenna connectionThe ExtendAir (TDD) radios connect voice and/or digital data from one location to another, obviating the need for copper or fiber connectivity, or enhancing existing connectivity by providing a redundancy solution, a primary solution, and/or additional capacity. Figure 1 shows the ExtendAir (TDD) r5000 digital microwave radio.Figure 1 Exalt ExtendAir (TDD) r5000 (integrated antenna model)Customer Care Hotline (USA): (408) 871-9890Toll-Free Customer Care Hotline (USA): (877) EXALT-01 (392-5801)Direct-Dial Telephone (USA): (408) 871-1804Website: www.exaltcom.comSales e-mail: sales@exaltcom.comCustomer Care e-mail: support@exaltcom.comMailing Address: Exalt Communications, Inc.580 Division St.Campbell, CA 95008USA

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 32009-12-18The following ExtendAir (TTD) models are covered in this manual:•r4900 and rc4900– configured with 27Mbps aggregate Ethernet capacity (single PoE port)– with license key upgrades for 55, 80 and 162Mbps aggregate capacity•r4905 and rc4905– configured with 27Mbps aggregate Ethernet capacity (1 PoE port plus 2 additional Ethernet ports)– with license key upgrades for 55, 80 and 162Mbps aggregate capacity•r4910 and rc4910– configured with 27Mbps aggregate capacity and 4xT1/E1 (single PoE port)– with license key upgrades for 55, 80 and 162Mbps aggregate capacity•r5000 and rc5000– configured with 27Mbps aggregate Ethernet capacity (single PoE port)– with license key upgrades for 55, and 162Mbps aggregate capacity•r5005 and rc5005– configured with 27Mbps aggregate Ethernet capacity (1 PoE port + 2 additional Ethernet ports)– with license key upgrades for 55, and 162Mbps aggregate capacity•r5010 and rc5010– configured with 27Mbps aggregate capacity and 4xT1/E1 (single PoE port)– with license key upgrades for 55, and 162Mbps aggregate capacity•r5015 and rc5015– configured with 2Mbps aggregate Ethernet capacity and 2xT1/E1 (single PoE port)– with license key upgrades for 27, 55, and 162Mbps aggregate capacity– with license key upgrade for 4xT1/E1The ExtendAir (TDD) radios require a clear line-of-sight and proper path clearance to achieve a high-performance, reliable connection. Perform professional path engineering and site planning before installing this equipment. The primary focus of this document is the installation and maintenance of the digital microwave radio, and assumes that path engineering and site planning has already been performed. The 50xx family ExtendAir (TDD) radios utilize radio frequencies in the 5250 to 5875 MHz range. In most countries these frequency bands are considered as ‘license-exempt’ or ‘unlicensed.’ This means that virtually any user may use these frequencies freely, without paying for access, or any type of pre-notification, post-notification or registration. As a result of this designation, users may also move or change these systems at any time, with significant flexibility to the location, orientation and configuration of the system. However, due also to this designation, there may be uncontrolled interference from other similar devices that occupy this spectrum. In these cases, it is up to engineering and maintenance personnel to design the system with existing and future interference sources in mind, recognizing that there is a chance that the interference conditions could be very dynamic, and outages

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios4203591-0022009-12-18may occur on the system as a result, and that, in some very rare cases, the system may cause interference into another system and may be required to be disengaged or modified/re-oriented to eliminate the interference.If the spectrum in your country is designated as ‘license-exempt’ or similar, this does not infer that the installer may configure the system in any manner at any location. In most cases, there are regulations, or device-based conditions that limit the use of the device, such as maximum gain antenna, antenna types and maximum output power, as well as, in some cases, application limits, limited geography of use, and other unique regulations. The link design engineer and/or professional installer must determine these limitations and engineer/install the system within the confines of all local regulations. Also, it is required to examine any regulations that may apply to peripheral equipment, installation and cabling of the system that may be regulated for human safety, electrical code, air-traffic control, and other safety-related categories.In certain countries, the spectrum for this product is NOT considered to be license-exempt. In these cases, there may be additional regulatory requirements concerning the location, frequency, power, orientation, configuration, and other aspects of the system, including, in some cases, a need for link registration, coordination, and fees that may apply to the system usage. Please consult your local regulatory organization(s) to determine usage requirements.The 49xx family ExtendAir (TDD) radios utilize frequencies in the 4940–4990MHz range, which is typically a licensed band reserved for use by Public Safety agencies and applications.In almost all cases, either for license-exempt or other designation, the product itself must be authorized for use in your country. Either Exalt or Exalt’s agent must have applied for certification or authorization to allow the sale and deployment of the system within the country. It is also possible that only certain versions or configurations of the device are allowed within a particular country. Please contact Exalt or your authorized Exalt representative for information pertaining to your country. Basic FeaturesThe ExtendAir (TDD) Digital Microwave Radios are intended for all-outdoor mounting and come with an indoor-mounted power injector. In some cases, the radio can be mounted indoors or in an enclosure. Depending on the configuration purchased, the associated antenna is either integrated as part of the unit or connected separately. For the integrated antenna models, the entire unit is typically mounted on a tower or rooftop mast structure, with Ethernet/Power and other optional interface cables running from the unit location, through a structure penetration, and to the power injector and connected communications equipment. For the external antenna models, the unit is typically mounted very close to the external antenna to minimize RF cabling and associated losses. Alternatively, the unit can be mounted at an easily accessible location with longer RF cabling to the antenna. Proper lightning or surge suppression devices and associated grounding are required for all connections.Note: It is the (professional) installer’s responsibility to ensure that the radio system is implemented in a legal fashion. Exalt is not liable for any unsafe or illegal installations.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 52009-12-18Figure 2 Mounting and cabling—integrated antenna modelFigure 3 Cabling and mounting—external antenna modelFor highest performance and reliability, it is advised to minimize the length of RF cable and associated transmission system losses between the antenna and the radio’s antenna port.The ExtendAir (TDD) radios provide connections for a combination of the following data communication interfaces:•10/100BaseT Ethernet (up to 3 ports, depending on model)•Up to 4xT1/E1 interfaces for synchronous voice traffic (xx10 and xx15 models only)The ExtendAir (TDD) radios are powered by a combined Power/Ethernet cable, and associated power injector. The power injector provides 48VDC to the unit. The power injector and/or external power supply are sold separately.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios6203591-0022009-12-18The ExtendAir (TDD) radios provide the following primary features and benefits:•Low-latency optimization and control for voice and data connections•Very high throughput and flexible interface configurations with voice+data combinations•Encryption for extreme wireless security•Easy-to-use management and configuration•Flexible utilized channel bandwidth selection for interference avoidance and frequency coordination•Flexible center frequency tuning for interference avoidance and frequency coordination•Flexible capacity to meet current connection requirements and future growth needs•Carrier-class reliability and performance•Connector covers (for weatherproofing unused connectors)

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios8203591-0022009-12-18The two radio terminals are identical hardware, except for the TDD setting in software. When the radios are in their default state, both radios are configured as Radio B. One end of the link must be configured as Radio A before the two ends of the radio system can communicate. It can be considered that Radio A is the primary radio in the link. Radio A provides the master clock and control to Radio B. For most applications, it is not important how the radio link is oriented, only that one end is configured for Radio A and the other for Radio B. For some applications (such as, multi-radio hub sites or repeaters), the orientation of the radio systems may be more critical. See Link Orientation and Synchronization for details.There are two ways to configure the radios for Radio A/B determination:•Use the Exalt browser-based graphical user interface (GUI) – preferred.•Connect to the radio using Telnet.Exalt recommends using the Exalt GUI for radio configuration. This interface requires a computer with an Ethernet port and web browser software, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or above. See Configuration and Management for details on how to connect to and use the browser-based GUI interface.Shipping Box ContentsThe radios are sold and packaged as individual terminals with two terminals needed for a link. An outer box has labeling that indicates the contents of the box, with the part number and serial number details for the radio terminal. The terminal box contains the following items:•Radio terminal (configured as Radio B)•Mounting kit (for pole or wall mounting)•Accessory kit– Grounding screw/washers– Weather-sealing tape (required for RF connectors on the rd versions– RSL adapter cable•Registration card•Quick-start guideThe power solution for ExtendAir is sold separately. For customers requiring direct 48V DC power, a power injector is available. For AC-powered applications, a POE/Adapter combination is available.Inspect the outer packaging and the contents of the boxes upon receipt. If you suspect any shipping damage or issues with the contents, contact Exalt Customer Care.Outdoor-rated and shielded CAT5 cable, such as Beldon 1300A, with RJ-45 or RJ-48C connectors is recommended for the Ethernet and/or TDM connections. For Ethernet connections, a maximum length of 100 meters applies to the total length of the cabling between the radio terminal and the first network-aware connection (such as a switch or router). Note: Register your system as soon as possible. A 2-year Warranty period applies to products registered within 90 days of purchase. The Warranty period is reduced to 1-year for unregistered products and products registered after the first 90 days.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 92009-12-18Initial Configuration and Back-to-Back Bench Test Every Exalt digital microwave radio goes through extensive quality testing and performance evaluation over the full operating temperature range prior to shipment. However, before installation, it is strongly advised to perform several tests and tasks that are much more difficult to perform once the radio link endpoints are distant from one another. A back-to-back bench test and pre-configuration will provide confidence that the radio link is operational and properly configured prior to installation, so that if troubleshooting is necessary, the radio hardware and configuration settings are eliminated from the troubleshooting process. Verify the following in the back-to-back testing:•Confirm that the radio system is generally operational– Radios power-up with planned power and wiring solutions– Regulatory Domain Key (RDK) entry successful (versions requiring an RDK only)– Radio firmware version matches on each terminal (and is ideally the latest version)– Upgrade license key entry successful– RF link connects in both directions– Traffic passes across the link– Configure connected equipment and cabling– Test Ethernet (CAT5) cabling, and/or T1/E1 cabling, any auxiliary connector cabling and configure all interfaces– Configure IP settings for configuration and management– Configure passwords and security modes– Become familiar with the configuration and management interfaces through the Exalt GUI interface– Configure radio parameters– Set transmitter output power to engineered or allowed level (see RF Output Power Setting)– Set operating center frequency– Set link distance, occupied channel bandwidth, and frame length•Make detailed radio performance measurements– Measure transmitter output power– Measure receiver threshold performanceNote: Exalt radios with the RDK function are DISABLED when initially shipped. To ENABLE the radio, a valid RDK must be entered on the Administration Settings Page of the Exalt GUI. The RDK references the unit's serial number and is provided based on the country and/or region where the radio system will be deployed. The RDK is obtained at www.exaltcom.com/activate.htm. First time user-account registration is required..Note: Some countries require a function called Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS), which delays the transmitter turn-on time during the initial Channel Availability Check period of 1 minute. In accordance with these regulations, the radios boot up, and then wait for 1 minute before linking.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios10 203591-0022009-12-18– Confirm unfaded error-free performanceSome of these tasks may not be possible or practical within a bench test environment due to the nature of the remote connectivity of peripheral equipment. However, it is good practice to perform as much as possible in this environment to minimize field/installation time and troubleshooting efforts.Detailed performance measurements are usually not required for pre-installation, but can be easily performed at this stage and may be helpful for later troubleshooting efforts or for internal records. During troubleshooting, there may often be a point at which a back-to-back bench test should be performed to verify many or all of the above items, and in the case of a suspected faulty device, to help confirm the fault and determine which end of the system is at fault and in need of repair or replacement.RF Output Power SettingThe maximum RF output power is bounded by one of the following criteria:•Maximum RF output power setting capability of the radio device•Maximum RF output power allowed/authorized by the local government regulations and for this specific device•Maximum effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of the transmission system allowed/authorized by the local government regulations and for this specific device•Desired RSL to not exceed the maximum RSL allowed by the device•Desired RSL to minimize/eliminate interference into neighboring systemsTime Division Duplex (TDD) FactorsThe ExtendAir (TDD) radios are very dynamic, allowing the installer to optimize and control the performance of the radio system for the intended application. The following parameters must be carefully determined during the link engineering phase:•Link distance•Bandwidth•TDD frame size•Mode (modulation)•The setting of the above parameters determines the following performance factors:•Number of supported T1/E1 channels (on applicable models)•Ethernet throughput•System latency (delay)Note: See Back-to-back Bench Testing for detailed instructions.Note: In many cases the radio must be pre-configured for legal maximum output power before connecting to the antenna and transmission system. Instructions for adjusting the output power can also be found at the rear of this guide in the EIRP section for your region.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 112009-12-18Use the ExaltCalc calculator to determine optimum settings for the above parameters to meet the needs of your application.The following generalizations can be made with regards to these factors:•The shorter the TDD frame size, the lower the latency•The shorter the link distance, the lower the latency, the higher the throughput•The longer the TDD frame size, the higher the throughput•The higher the bandwidth, the higher the capacity•The higher the mode, the higher the capacityLink Orientation and SynchronizationLink orientation refers to the Radio A and Radio B placement in your network. Link synchronization refers to using external or internal timing to coordinate multiple links.For every link, one end of the radio link must be configured as Radio A, while the other end is configured as Radio B. In single-link systems, it does not matter which end of the system is mounted at which end of the link, and there is typically no requirement for any link synchronization.Link orientation and synchronization are more important for networks with site(s) where there is more than one link of the same type or for sites using the same type of radio that are very close to each another at one or both ends. Configure collocated radio terminals for the same link orientation. That is, configure all radios at the same location as Radio A or Radio B. It can be advantageous to utilize link synchronization for collocated links. The radios allow the use of an optional GPS synchronization kit. This synchronization controls the transmitter and receiver frame timing so that collocated radios are transmitting at the same time and receiving at the same time. This can substantially reduce the opportunity for self-interference. Without synchronization, collocated radios may be transmitting and receiving at the same time, incurring near-end interference. Note: Disable all T1/E1 ports if there are no T1/E1 interfaces connected. This shifts all available throughput to the Ethernet interface.Note: If a selected combination of the Link Distance, Frame Size, Bandwidth, and Mode parameters cannot support all the desired T1 or E1 ports, the ports that cannot be supported are automatically disabled. Priority is placed on the T1/E1 port number. That is, the first port to be disabled, if necessary, is the highest port number, such as Port 4. See T1/E1 Configuration Pages for more information.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios12 203591-0022009-12-18Radio A/B ConfigurationUse the Exalt GUI to configure the radio terminals for Radio A and Radio B orientation. Since many other parameters also need to be set, and the Exalt GUI is needed for these configurations, this is the best way to completely configure the radio terminals.Radios arrive from manufacture in default configuration, orientated as Radio B and configured as shown in Table 1.Note: It is not always necessary to synchronize collocated radios. If antennas are substantially separated or blocked from one another and/or frequency separation tuning is used, the opportunity for near-end interference can be eliminated.Note: When synchronization is required or desired, one GPS kit per link is required.Table 1 Factory default settingsParameter ExtendAir (TDD) SettingsFrequency 5GHz models: 5788 MHz (5600 or 5785 MHz if the regulatory domain does not allow 5788 MHz)4.9GHz models: 4965 MHzTransmit Power +4dBmLink Distance <10 milesBandwidth 8 MHz (10 MHz for some regulatory domains)Mode Mode 1TDD Frame Size 2msLink Security Key 000000000000Administration Password passwordUser Password passwordIP Address 10.0.0.1IP Mask 255.0.0.0IP Gateway 0.0.0.0Ethernet Interface Alarm Enabled, 100/FullT1/E1 Enabling All Disabled

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 132009-12-18Radio ResetUse the reset function if the IP address and/or passwords are lost. Use the following steps to perform a critical parameter reset:1Remove power from the radio by disconnecting from power source.2Hold down RESET button on the power injector/supply while applying power. Hold the RESET button down through the entire power cycle and monitor the DATA+POWER left LED on the power injector. Release the RESET button only after the LED is in the steady state (45 to 60 seconds).3Release the RESET button.The following configurations are reset on the radio:•IP address = 10.0.0.1•IP mask = 255.0.0.0•IP gateway = 0.0.0.0•Administration password = password•User password = password •VLAN disabledRadio SynchronizationThe radio synchronization feature improves the performance of Exalt radios operating in the same frequency band and that are collocated (such as in repeater and hub configurations). Radio synchronization ties radio systems together to operate off of a common clock system, ensuring that all radios simultaneously transmit and receive, and thus eliminating near-field interference issues and related radio system coupling.Synchronization ModesSynchronization can be accomplished using a GPS source. A Global Positioning System (GPS) kit from Exalt is required to implement external source synchronization. Contact your Exalt representative for details.Synchronization implementation requires one synchronization source for each link.Virtually any combination of hubs and repeater sites, star configurations, and/or backbones can be implemented with synchronization. It is typically necessary or ideal in each configuration to match the following parameters on every radio in the network:•Link Distance – Match to the longest distance link in the network.•Frame Length – Match to the lowest frame length to optimize total system latency (for example, for TDM networks) or match to a highest frame length to optimize user throughput. Choose an intermediate value to compromise between latency and throughput.Note: In many cases, the system design will not be identical to the factory default configuration, and in some cases, these differences prohibit the installation of the radio. If at all possible, obtain a computer and configure the radio terminals using the browser-based GUI. See Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI) for details.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios14 203591-0022009-12-18•Mode – It is desirable, but not always necessary, to match the mode for all collocated links.•Bandwidth – It is desirable, but not always necessary, to match the bandwidth for all collocated links.For complex networks, an Exalt engineer should review multi-link networks before deployment as several factors can optimize the network for desired performance.Figure 4 illustrates two separate radios benefiting from synchronized GPS sources.Figure 4 Synchronized GPS sourcesOffset TimingManual control of offset timing is also allowed. This provides a means to delay the synchronization signal using a user-defined offset. This is helpful when Exalt radios are near other devices operating in the same frequency band that also use a timing source, such as GPS. The timing source to the Exalt radios can be adjusted to match the other radio system timing source mechanism.Offset timing can also optimize timing intervals for repeaters and backbones. As the distance of each link results in a unique factor for speed-of-light transmission of the radio signal, a subsequent radio can be delayed in timing so that the overall synchronization of radios is precisely maintained.Offset timing can be adjusted in 1-ms intervals, from zero to the radio’s frame length setting. For example, if using a 2-ms frame length, the offset timing can be set from zero up to 1999 ms.When Sync is LostIf the primary sync source (for example, the GPS source) signal is lost due to equipment failure, a disconnected sync cable, loss of satellite link, or other condition, the radio is said to be flywheeling. When flywheeling, the radio’s clock is free-running off internal clocking and is no longer Note: When GPS Sync is enabled, link initiation typically takes 1 to 3 minutes to allow for the radio to properly synchronize to the available GPS satellites.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 152009-12-18synchronized to any source. If the original sync source is restored to the flywheeling radio’s configuration, it attempts to synchronize to this signal without causing transmission interruption.When the flywheeling radio runs independently for long periods of time, the synchronization signal may be too far outside the capture range of the synchronization loop, and portions of transmission frames can be lost during this re-synchronization process. This condition is temporary and all interconnected radios will re-synchronize to the sync source, as necessary.If the flywheeling period is exceeded, the radio will stop transmitting. There is a setting for infinite flywheeling; however, long periods of flywheeling can cause interference with collocated radios.Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)VLAN segments information in a single connection and creates multiple separate connections to secure information of one type or for one set of users from other information types or for other sets of users. Exalt’s VLAN communications implementation adheres to the IEEE standard 802.1q.In most cases, an Exalt radio acting as a Layer 2 bridge between two locations is only required to pass traffic with VLAN tagging. Without additional configuration, all Exalt radios support frame sizes in excess of 1900 bytes, which currently supports all defined VLAN packet sizes. Some situations require Exalt radios to act upon VLAN traffic and perform any or all of the following functions:•Connect specific traffic, using VLAN tagging, to different purposes, such as management traffic to the radio’s NMS system.•Allow only traffic with specifically assigned VLANs to pass across the link, blocking all other VLANs or any non-VLAN traffic.•Allow management access only through a VLAN connection, leaving the main traffic transparent.•Allow management access without a VLAN connection, but flowing only specific VLAN traffic across the link.Link SymmetryThe default configuration of ExtendAir (TDD) radios provides 50/50 symmetrical throughput. The Tx/Rx Throughput Ratio setting enables programming different symmetry for applications where significantly higher throughput in one direction is anticipated such as for video broadcast, video aggregation, or remote server/storage WANs. Exalt does not recommend placing two links with asymmetry back-to-back in a serial configuration due to the TDD cycle of the radios. This configuration requires that one radio transmits in an overlapping time period while another radio is receiving. Physical antenna isolation and/or frequency channel spacing may accommodate this configuration. Asymmetry is, however, ideal for single-hop, multi-link hub/spoke architectures, or simply single independent links.Note: If an application only requires the transparent passing of VLAN traffic, disable the VLAN function. Note: For more see the VLAN Configuration Page in the Exalt GUI.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios16 203591-0022009-12-18TDD frame sizes of 2ms and 5ms are supported. The 5ms configuration maximizes the aggregate throughput of the radio for every situation. The 2ms configuration reduces latency to meet latency-critical applications, especially for multi-link and TDM circuit support. The following RF BW/mode combinations are supported for these two configurations:•16MHz/Mode1 (called 20MHz/Mode1 for some regulatory domains)•16MHz/Mode2 (called 20MHz/Mode 2 for some regulatory domains)•16MHz/Mode 3 (called 20MHz/Mode 3 for some regulatory domains)•32MHz/Mode1 (called 40MHz/Mode 1 for some regulatory domains)•32MHz/Mode2 (called 40MHz/Mode 2 for some regulatory domains)•32MHz/Mode 3 (called 40MHz/Mode 3 for some regulatory domains)The following Tx/Rx ratios are supported for these two configurations:•65/35 and 35/65•80/20 and 20/80For example, a radio configuration of 32MHz/Mode2 with a 5ms TDD frame size on a 5GHz model, supports up to 110Mbps user capacity or 55Mbps full-duplex. By selecting 80/20 on one side of the link and 20/80 on the other side, the radio allows up to 88Mbps in one direction, and 22Mbps in the opposite direction.T1/E1 is supported with asymmetric settings. However, based on the BW/mode setting (and in some cases, TDD frame size and distance), the direction with the limited throughput limits the number of T1 or E1 connections obtained. For example, the 16MHz/Mode1 setting typically supports up to 27Mbps aggregate throughput. In the 80/20 ratio configuration, one direction is limited to 5.4Mbps, which is less than 3xE1 and less than 4xT1. Since TDM connections must be symmetrical, this setting therefore limits throughput to no more than 2xE1 or 3xT1.Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)The Exalt radios primarily use a browser-based graphical user interface (GUI) for radio configuration and management, as described in Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI). In addition, a command line interface (CLI) is provided for serial and/or Telnet access, as described in Configuration and Management. SNMP is often used for management of larger networks as described here. Use SNMP to manage networked devices and execute the following functions:•GET: Obtain information from the device, such as a configuration setting or parameter.•SET: Change a configuration setting on the device.•TRAP: The device proactively informs the management station of a change of state, usually used for critical alarms or warnings.Note: Asymmetry is only supported for a specific subset of system configurations that are optimized for typical asymmetric applications.Note: GPS sync is supported with asymmetric settings, but in addition to the other requirements for sync, all radios tied to sync must be set with matching ratios.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 172009-12-18One feature of the SNMP implementation is that system configuration changes do not take effect using the SET command. Instead, groups of configuration settings can be preconfigured for global change, and a single ‘Save’ (Commit) command implements all changes.When some parameters are changed, a link may drop and/or management control lost. MIB files allow many parameters to be set at once, allowing only a temporarily dropped link or management control issue. The opposite end radio can be quickly reconfigured, with little downtime for the link and management control. The Save (Commit) command is similar to the Update button. Dropped links or management control issues do not occur with every parameter change. Many configuration changes do not impact traffic or management access.Exalt radios utilize SNMPv3, a high security version of SNMP, to ensure secure access to and storing of management data. The SNMPv3 security string matches the admin and user passwords. Passwords must be eight characters or longer. Some models also have legacy SNMP support for customers requiring SNMPv1 and/or SNMPv2.Note: MIB files can be downloaded on the File Transfer Page.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios18 203591-0022009-12-18System Installation and Initiation ProcessThe tasks required for radio installation and initiation are outlined in the following figure.Figure 5 Radio installation tasksPath & Site AnalysisLink DesignBuild Antenna Structures & EgressMount Antennas & Transmission LineInstall & Test Network & Power WiringRead This Manual CompletelyPre-configure RadiosPerform Back-to-Back TestMount RadiosConnect Transmission LineConnect PowerAlign Antennas to Planned RSLVerify LEDs for Good LinkTest Network ConnectivityConnect & Test Primary ServicesTest Network Management SystemBoth Transmission System & Radio Preparation Tasks Must Be CompleteTransmission System Tasks Radio Preparation Tasks

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 192009-12-18Record KeepingAfter installation, record the following items for ongoing maintenance and future troubleshooting. Keep a record for each end of the radio link and store a copy of these records at the radio location, at the opposite end radio location, and a central record storage location.•GPS coordinates for antenna locations at each site•Antenna heights above ground level (AGL), as mounted•Antenna model numbers, serial numbers, and specifications•Antenna polarization as mounted•Length/type of primary transmission lines at each site•Model number and serial number of RF lightning arrestors•Length/type of secondary transmission line(s)•Transmitter output power setting as installed at each site•RSL as measured after antenna alignment at each site•Designed RSL per original design at each site•RSL reading with far-end power off (from each end)•Spectrum analyzer plot with far end off at each site•Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR)/return loss at radio’s antenna connector at each site•Radio’s network management IP address at each site•Radio’s network management gateway address at each site•Radio’s operating frequency, bandwidth setting, and mode of operation•Optionally purchased extended warranty and/or emergency service contract detailsIn addition, certain information may be desired for central record-keeping only:•Link security codes and log in passwords (stored in a secure place)•Photographs of complete installation•End-user sign-off/acceptance documentation (if any)•Photo of product identification label (part number, serial number, MAC address information)•Electronic copy of radio’s configuration file•Electronic copy of radio’s installed software

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios20 203591-0022009-12-18InstallationThis section presents all tasks required to install the Exalt Digital Microwave Radio.Mechanical Configuration and MountingThe ExtendAir (TDD) radios are environmentally sealed units intended for deployment outdoors. The device must be deployed within an ambient temperature range as specified, and with non-restrictive airflow around the chassis. The rc models can also be mounted in an enclosure or indoors. The same airflow and temperature conditions apply. The integrated antenna models can be mounted behind a window if window losses are considered in the link budget calculation.Provide proper clearance for all cables and connectors attached to the device. Note that for the rc models, the RF cable connector may require significant clearance for the bend radius of the coaxial cable assembly. All RF connectors, cables, and adapters must be rated for operation within the radio’s frequency range. RF connector losses must be accounted for within the link engineering design and output power settings.Mounting the SystemUse the mounting system supplied with each terminal for wall or pole mounting (Figure 6). The pole mounting kit can accommodate a pole 2–5"/5–13cm in diameter. Install the mounting system first, and then affix the radio to the mount. The radio can also be affixed to the mount, and the entire assembly (including radio) mounted.Figure 6 Pole-mount example (integrated antenna version)For rc models, the mounting solution is a very simple single bracket, using the same pole-mounting band clamps with the same specifications.For the integrated antenna model, it is critical to mount the entire device at the predetermined location for proper path clearance to the link end. Ensure that there is adequate space around the mounting system and the radio to allow for antenna alignment for both azimuth and elevation adjustments.Note: The power injector and power supply must be placed indoors or in an enclosure.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 212009-12-18Radio Ports and IndicatorsThis section provides a brief overview of the connectors, controls, and indicators on the device. Details about each item are in other sections of this document. Figure 7 shows the connectors on the ExtendAir (TDD) radios.Figure 7 ExtendAir (TDD) connectors (model r5000)Connector OverviewThe primary user interfaces are shown in Figure 7. Table 2 provides details of the connectors for the different models. Detailed pin structures for each connector are in Interface Connections. Note: Mount the rc models as close as possible to the antenna to minimize the length and associated losses of RF cabling.Table 2 ConnectorsConnector DescriptionSYNC/RSL (1) Sync out feature is not implemented as of this writing.(2) Antenna alignment RSL voltage (during installation)TDM 2&4 Ports for up to two user T1 or E1 circuits to traverse link, port numbers 2 and 4 (xx10 and xx15 models only).TDM 1&3 Ports for up to two user T1 or E1 circuits to traverse link, port numbers 1 and 3 (xx10 and xx15 models only).Power/ETH1 Connected cables traverse to the power injector (Data+Power side), and provide the following functions:• Primary ports for user Ethernet data (10BaseT or 100BaseT) to traverse link• DC power from power injectorETH2 and ETH3 Ports for additional Ethernet connections, management and/or traffic. (xx05 models only).(Ground) Threaded (M5) receptacle.SYNC/RSLTDM 2&4 OR ETH3TDM 1&3 OR ETH2POWER/ETH1

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios22 203591-0022009-12-18LED IndicatorsTable 3 provides details of the LED indicators on the ExtendAir (TDD) radios. Note that there are two LEDs, top and bottom, associated with each connector. See Alarms Page for information on how the Exalt GUI displays LED status. RESET ButtonThere is only one external control on the ExtendAir (TDD) radio system, a button labeled “RESET” which is located on the Power Injector. This button performs two functions: critical system parameter reset and summary alarm information.Use a connector cover on all unused connectors for weatherproofing. The connector covers are included in the accessory kit. Use a safety ring on each connector to secure the connector covers.Table 3 LED indicatorsLocation Type FunctionGPS/RSL Top Green LED Solid when valid GPS connection is detected.GPS/RSLBottom Green LED Unused.TDM 2&4Top Green LED Solid when T1 clocking is present for input #2.TDM 2&4Bottom Green LED Solid when T1 clocking is present for input #4.TDM 1&3 Top Green LED Solid when T1 clocking is present for input #1.TDM 1&3Bottom Green LED Solid when T1 clocking is present for input #3.ETH2 or ETH3 Top Green LED UnusedETH2 or ETH3 Bottom Green LED Solid when Ethernet Link is present. Blinking when Ethernet traffic is present.Power/ETH1Top Green LED Solid when power is applied.Power/ETH1Bottom Green LED Solid when Ethernet link is established.Blinking when Ethernet traffic is present.Power InjectorDATA+POWERLeft Green LED Solid when no alarm conditions are present. Flashing when in alarm condition.While RESET button is pressed:Solid when in major alarm condition (traffic effecting).Flashing when in minor alarm condition (not traffic effecting).Off when no alarm conditions are present.DATA+POWERRight Green LED Solid when proper power is applied.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 232009-12-18Use the reset function if the IP address and/or passwords are lost. Use the following steps to perform a critical parameter reset:1Remove power from the radio by disconnecting the AC adapter from the power injector.2Hold down RESET button on the power injector while applying power. Hold the RESET button down through the whole power cycle and monitor the DATA+POWER left LED on the power injector. Release the RESET button only after the LED is in the steady state (1 to 3 minutes, depending on firmware installed). 3Release the RESET button.The following configurations are reset on the radio:•IP address = 10.0.0.1•IP mask = 255.0.0.0•IP gateway = 0.0.0.0•Administration password = password•User password = password •VLAN = disabledA flashing left DATA+POWER LED on the power injector indicates that alarm conditions exist on the radio. To access summary alarm information during normal operation, press and hold the RESET button. The following is status for the left the DATA+POWER LED while holding the RESET:•Solid on is a link alarm (link is down or errored)•Flashing indicates a minor alarm (does not affect traffic) PowerThe radio requires a DC power source within specifications. DC can be provided from a DC battery source, central lab/rack supply to the power injector (sold separately), or from the optional AC power injector. Terminating the RF Connectors (rc Models)Before applying power, the RF connectors must be properly terminated into a 50-Ohm load. If this is not performed, the radio may be damaged by simply applying power. Also, there are human safety factors to consider regarding potentially harmful RF radiation.The following lists a few simple ways to achieve proper termination:•Connect a 50-Ohm coaxial termination device to the RF port of the radio. The termination must be rated to 1W (or more). Example(s) include:– Broadwave Technologies P/N 552-200-002, or similar•Connect the complete transmission system. That is, the RF cabling including the antenna. The cabled antenna provides a proper termination for the RF output.Note: Read this section completely before applying power.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios24 203591-0022009-12-18•Connect a fixed (or a series of fixed) 50-Ohm attenuator(s) to the RF connector, either directly or at the end of an RF transmission line. The attenuator must be at least 30dB as specified at the operating frequency and rated for a minimum of 1W input power. Examples include:– Broadwave Technologies P/N 352-103-xxx– Bird 2-A-MFN-xx– JFW Industries 50FP-xxx-H6-NCover any unused connector with the connector cap and apply the weather-seal tape. Both cap and tape are included in the accessory kit.AC PowerThe optional AC power injector kit easily connects to the customer-supplied CAT5 PoE cable. Refer to the input voltage requirements stated on the label affixed to the adapter to ensure that the adapter can be used with the AC mains supply. The AC plug outlet provided with the adapter may need to be replaced to match the country configuration. The adapter cable uses a standard connector for this cable for use of a pre-wired cable appropriate to the outlet configuration. If the appropriate cable is not available, the existing AC plug end can be severed and a replacement plug affixed. Consult a qualified electrician for this activity.Do not plug the adapter into the mains power. First, verify that the RF connector is properly terminated (see Power), and then plug in the radio-side connector from the AC adapter to the radio. If the AC mains can be turned off using a switch, disable the power, plug the AC side of the adapter into the AC mains socket, and then enable power to the circuit. If the AC mains cannot be turned off, plug in to the AC main socket to apply power. Verify that the radio is active by observing LED activity on the injector and radio. All LEDs on the radio flash at initial power cycle.Exalt strongly recommends that the AC mains supply be fused or on a separate breaker to ensure against over-voltage and/or over-current situations and to provide some form of protection to the radio electronics and other devices connected to the same supply. In addition, if the AC power is subject to significant spikes or variation, power conditioning is a worthwhile investment, as the quality of mains power may have a direct impact on the device operation, performance and/or reliability. An Uninterruptible Power Source (UPS) or other form of battery-backed system protects against brown-out and black-out conditions, and condition the power presented to the adapter.Evaluate the opportunity for lightning or other similar surges to be present on the powering system, including the ability for surges to couple to the power wiring system. If an evaluation indicates that there is a potential likelihood for these conditions to occur, additional surge protection is recommended for the input power wiring, especially to protect the radio electronics between the adapter and the radio’s DC input connector.The above statement is similarly true for every wired connection to the device. While the configuration for surge suppression or line conditioning is of a different type for each kind of signal interface, the opportunity for damage to the device, loss of communications and property is significant. In some cases, there can also be a risk to human life by not protecting against lightning entering a building through wiring or improper grounding. If you do not have experience in this type of installation practice, consult a qualified electrician and/or telecoms professional during the installation and wiring of the equipment.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 252009-12-18Optional DC Power InjectorThe ExtendAir (TDD) radios use a power injector (sold separately) to send DC power to the radio over the CAT5 cable, and including the Ethernet connections. Figure 8 shows the power injector connectors.Figure 8 Power injector connectors•Connect the network Ethernet connection to the DATA connection of the power injector. •Connect the cable for the radio to the DATA+POWER connection of the power injector.•Ground the power injector using the grounding receptacle. The injector can also be mount wall using the bottom panel brackets. CAT5 Lightning/Surge ProtectionTo provide for human safety and for the safety of connected network equipment, it is highly recommended to place a weatherproof lightning suppression device at the egress point where the CAT5 cable(s) enter the building, shelter, or cabinet. To protect the radio equipment, install a weatherproof lightning suppression device near the radio for all connected CAT5 cables.For the Power/Ethernet cable, specific voltage requirements must be met. The following devices are the only devices currently recommended:•Transtector ALPU-EXLT•Transtector ALPU-90v•Transtector ALPU-ALVRGenerally, use a short CAT5 cable for the short connection between the radio and the first arrestor. Use bulk outdoor-rated CAT5 cable for the longer run between arrestors, and indoor- or outdoor-rated cable with a standard CAT5 termination for the connection from the egress arrestor and power injector.If the radio arrestor is deleted from the design, Exalt resellers can supply a longer cable with the proper weatherproof connector for the connection from the radio to the egress arrestor.Apply this same method for the TDM connections. There are no special requirements for lightning arrestors. Vendors, such as Transtector and Polyphaser, offer single and multiple TDM weatherproof arrestors. Note that each connector on the radio can carry up to 2 TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) connections.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios26 203591-0022009-12-18Reset to Critical Factory SettingsIf necessary, the radio terminal may be reset to critical factory settings. This may be necessary if the IP address and/or passwords for the system are not known. All other configurations are left at their current settings. If a complete default factory configuration is desired, load the Default Configuration File into the system, as described in System Configuration Page.The following parameters are configured after a reset to critical factory settings:•IP Address = 10.0.0.1•IP Mask = 255.0.0.0•IP Gateway = 0.0.0.0•Administration password = password•User password = password•VLAN = disabledAntenna/Transmission SystemThis section provides guidance to mounting and connecting the RF transmission system, which consists of the antenna, RF cabling, and RF lightning arrestors. Consult the manufacturer’s instructions for proper mounting, grounding, and wiring of these devices, and for definitive direction. These manufacturer’s instructions supersede any information in this section. See Table 7 for a list of supported antennas.Initial Antenna Mounting (rc models)The antenna must be an exact model recommended by the path and site planning engineer(s). Mount the antenna at the proper height, mast/mounting location and polarization orientation as determined by the path and site planning engineer(s). The model type, location, and orientation of the antenna is critical with respect to achieving proper path clearance, as well as to mitigate external or self-interference from nearby or collocated systems operating in or near the same frequency band.The antenna structure must be secure and safe with respect to the mounting of the antenna, transmission system weight, radio housing, and the combined weight of any personnel that may climb or attach to the structure. The combined weight of items and forces on the structure must be carefully considered in the design and construction of the structure. This must include the weight bearing on the structure in the highest wind conditions possible in the region, and with respect to all objects affixed to the structure. If additional objects are affixed to the structure in the future, it may be important to evaluate both the mechanical impact of these planned additions (with respect to wind and weight loading), as well as the Note: Use only outdoor-rated UV-resistant CAT5 cable. This cable must have an outer diameter between 0.25"/6.35 mm and 0.31"/7.87mm. Belden 1300A is recommended. Securely hand-tighten all connectors on the ODU to ensure a weatherproof seal.Warning! Mount the antenna in a restricted area and in a manner preventing long-term human exposure to the transmitted RF energy. To comply with FCC and Industry Canada regulations, the minimum safe distance from the antenna for continuous human exposure is 10'/3m.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 272009-12-18potential impact to RF interference and frequency coordination (if additional radio equipment is anticipated). This is especially important if future equipment is likely to operate within the same frequency band. Once the antenna is mounted, cabled, and aligned, your goal is to never require modification. This prior planning is important in the path and site planning stages and in construction of the antenna structure.Follow the antenna manufacturer’s instructions for mechanical mounting of the antenna. Ensure that there is enough room around the antenna for alignment activities (moving the antenna in vertical and horizontal arcs), and for the RF transmission line to connect to the antenna connector unobstructed and within the specified bend radius requirements of the transmission line.At this point, the antenna mounts should be fully secure to the structure, the feed of the antenna securely mounted to the antenna (if the feed is a separate assembly), and the azimuth and elevation adjustments not completely tightened in preparation of the antenna alignment activity. It is a good practice to connect the transmission line to the antenna connector as early in the process as possible, to reduce the opportunity for debris or moisture to enter either the antenna connector or the transmission line connector. Use a connector cover or other temporary measures to ensure that the connector is kept clear. Take extra care if the antenna is installed during inclement weather to ensure that no moisture gets inside the antenna connector at any time.Now the antenna can be aimed in the general direction required for the link. Use a compass, a reference bearing, binoculars or any other similar device to point the antenna in the direction (generally) of the far end radio, and then slightly tighten the azimuth and elevation adjustments so that the antenna maintains its general position and is safe to be left without additional securing. Refer to the Exalt white paper, Antenna Alignment, for more information on antenna alignment techniques.Transmission Line from Antenna to Radio (rc Models)Most installations use a very short length of coaxial transmission line for the connection between the antenna and the radio device. Coaxial transmission line can either have a solid or braided shield. Solid-shield cables are more resistant to external signal coupling and interference, but are generally stiffer than braided cables. Consult the path or site engineer(s) to ensure that the proper materials are chosen for the installation and that all factors were considered.Generally, the larger the diameter of the transmission line, the lower the loss. So for longer runs of transmission line, larger diameter cables are highly advised. However, at every frequency, there is a maximum diameter cable that supports the operating frequency. Verify the specifications. This is determined in the path and site planning process.Table 4 lists representative samples of transmission line types recommended for the Exalt Digital Microwave Radio.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios28 203591-0022009-12-18It is critical that the transmission line and antenna be capable of supporting the same type of connector, or easily adapted. It can be important to minimize the number of connectors and adapters, and it is ideal that they match directly without adaptation. In most cases, transmission line allows for N-type male connectors and antennas have N-type female connectors.If possible, connect the primary transmission line directly to the antenna. It is desired to have the fewest possible pieces of transmission line in the system, to minimize losses and points of failure from connectors. The antenna can typically accommodate a direct connection if planned in advance. Use a 90º adapter for the connection to the antenna, if necessary, but confirm that all connectors and transmission lines are properly specified for the operating frequency with minimum loss, proper impedance (50 Ohm) and proper VSWR characteristics. Transmission line connector termination is a critical element of the installation. Many ‘factory built’ RF transmission lines do not provide the proper characteristics for proper transmission, despite their published specifications, often due to the fully or semi-automated process of factory termination, which may not have considered the frequency of your system. When buying pre-terminated transmission line, it is strongly advised to obtain the documentation of test measurements on the connected transmission line showing that the loss characteristics and VSWR are within the specified limits specifically at your operating frequency. In addition to factory-built transmission line, self-terminated transmission line can suffer the same issues. The manufacturers of transmission line typically offer instruction and certification for transmission line termination, and may also provide videos illustrating the process. There is no amount of extra care, education, precision, and effort that can be overstated for this process. There is often a need for a small excess of transmission line near the antenna to accommodate both the need for extra slack as the antenna is loosened and moved for the alignment process, and to accommodate a drip loop for the transmission line and the initial transmission line securing hardware and grounding near the antenna. In addition, the transmission line is typically very stiff, and can provide undue pulling force on the antenna or radio connector. Take care to align the cable with the connector so that it does not provide any torque or strain on the connector. Consult your transmission line manufacturer for the proper transportation, hoisting, securing, and grounding process. Always be very mindful of the entire length of transmission line to ensure that the transmission line is never twisted, kinked, or over-bent beyond the specified bend radius. Once a Table 4 Recommended transmission lineManufacturer Type Description Loss at 4.9GHz Loss at 5.3GHz Loss at 5.8GHzAndrew LDF4-50 1/2-inch solid shield 5.6dB/100' 5.7dB/100' 6.0dB/100'Andrew LDF4.5-50 5/8-inch solid shield 4.3dB/100' 4.4dB/100' 4.7dB/100'Times LMR-600 1/2-inch braided shield 6.8dB/100' 6.9dB/100' 7.3dB/100'Times LMR-900 5/8-inch braided shield 4.5dB/100' 4.6dB/100' 4.9dB/100'RFS LCF12-50J 1/2-inch solid shield 5.5dB/100' 5.6dB/100' 5.9dB/100'RFS LCF12-58J 5/8-inch solid shield 4.4dB/100' 4.5dB/100' 4.8dB/100'Caution: Always follow the manufacturer’s termination process EXACTLY, and only use the manufacturer’s authorized tools and connectors for a given transmission line type.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 292009-12-18transmission line is over-bent or kinked, it will likely never recover its specified characteristics, even after straightening, and will often be completely unusable. The opposite end of this primary transmission line typically terminates at the radio connector. If using a long transmission line (in excess of 3'/1m), an RF lightning arrestor is recommended to protect the radio equipment.As soon as practical, weatherproof the connected ends of the transmission line to the antenna and lightning arrestor and radio. This process should be delayed as long as possible to ensure that all systems are working properly before applying the weatherproofing. Once weatherproofing is applied, it may have to be removed for testing or installation modification. With this in mind, if the installation is occurring during inclement weather, take extra care at all times to ensure that no moisture enters any connector at any time. If moisture is suspected to have compromised the antenna or transmission line, it may render those devices useless without any means for remedy except for full replacement.Cap and weatherproof the second antenna connector on the radio if using a single-polarity antenna.Indoor MountingOn rare occasions the antenna can be mounted indoors behind a window. In these cases, there would not be a need for drip loops or an RF lightning arrestor. Use a very short transmission line connected directly between the antenna and the radio mounted nearby. The weatherproofing process can also be omitted.RF Lightning ArrestorRF lightning arrestors provide a direct path to ground for lightning strikes that may couple to or directly hit the outdoor transmission system or antenna structure. The RF lightning arrestor prevents any associated voltage and current from entering the radio equipment, other equipment, or humans.The following lightning arrestors are examples of proper devices for Exalt Digital Microwave Radios:•Polyphaser AL-LSXM•Citel PRC5800Mount and ground the RF lightning arrestor in accordance to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Place it as close as possible to the radio equipment. Minimize the distance to the radio to lessen the opportunity for lightning to couple to or strike the unprotected section of transmission line (if any). Consult a qualified electrician or installer in all cases of grounding and lightning arrestor implementation.Antenna AlignmentAntennas must be installed at both ends of the planned link to commence precision alignment. Refer to the Exalt white paper, Antenna Alignment. The ExtendAir (TDD) radios have an integrated antenna.Antennas are typically aligned using the radio hardware for precise alignment. However, there are many very useful tools available to aid in this process, inclusive of devices specifically designed for the purpose of aligning antennas. Some examples are:•XL Microwave Path Align-R•Teletronics 17-402Use of these devices may be extremely advantageous as compared to using the radio, because they employ many unique facilities to aid in this process. Using these tools also makes it possible to align

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios30 203591-0022009-12-18the antennas before the radio equipment is delivered. However, many installers successfully use the radios as the means for antenna alignment.The following are the primary facilities when using the radio to align the antenna:•RSL voltage connection using a volt meter (recommended)Insert the included adapter into the GPS connector on the radio housing and the opposite end connected to a volt meter.The RSL test point DC voltage is inversely proportional and numerically calibrated to the received signal level. The voltage rises as the antennas are less in alignment, and falls as antennas are more in alignment. The voltage measurement corresponds to the received signal level in measurements of dBm (a negative number for RSL measurements). For example, an RSL of -60dBm yields an RSL voltage measurement of 0.60VDC; an RSL of –45dBm measures 0.45VDC.•Audio alignment buzzerEnable the audio alignment buzzer through the Exalt GUI. When enabled, the radio enclosure emits a sound. The pitch rises when higher (better) levels of RSL are achieved. Align the antennas until the highest pitch is accomplished. The tone is continuous when the two ends of the radio system are in communication. Otherwise, the buzzer beeps.•Exalt GUI RSL reading indicates the current RSL in dBm.Note: There is a slight delay in RSL readings in the GUI as the RSL levels change. In this case, fine alignment can be done in small adjustments allowing a small gap of time so that the impact of the adjustment on the GUI display catches up to real time.Note: Only use the browser-based GUI for antenna alignment if there are no other means available. If this method is required, refer to Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI). The RSL reading can be read on a PC or any handheld computing device that supports an HTML browser and Ethernet connectivity.

$Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 312009-12-18Configuration and ManagementThis section describes the command line interface (CLI) and Exalt graphical user interface (GUI).Telnet into the Command Line Interface (CLI)Use a Telnet connection to access the CLI in the Exalt Digital Microwave Radios. Use the CLI to set key parameters on the system.Connect to the Radio in a Telnet SessionMake the Telnet connection to the radio through the Ethernet port. Use Windows and perform the following steps:1Open a command prompt or MS-DOS prompt (Start>Run).2Type C:\>Telnet <IP Address> at the command line:The default IP address is 10.0.0.1TelnetUse Telnet when prompted to enter the administration level login and password. The default administration login is admin and password is password. It is recommended that the default administration password be reset by performing a radio reset (see Reset to Critical Factory Settings).Figure 9 shows the menu choices available after log in.Figure 9 CLI main menuThe following selections can be made on all screens:•0 = back to previous screen•9 = help•Ctrl+\ (control and backslash keys) = exit sessionNote: The accessing computer must be on the same IP subnet as the radio. If the radio has DHCP enabled on the PoE port (see Ethernet Interface Configuration Page), which is the default setting for a radio shipped from Exalt, and your computer's Ethernet port is set for DHCP addressing, the radio will configure your computer to 10.0.0.2, and no manual IP configuration is required for your computer.$

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios32 203591-0022009-12-18Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI)The Exalt GUI is the primary user interface for configuring and troubleshooting the radio and radio system. A computer or hand-held device with a conventional HTML browser and Ethernet port is required. Microsoft Internet Explorer is the preferred browser. Netscape, Mozilla, and Firefox are also supported.Preparing to ConnectIf the radios are new, both radios are preconfigured as Radio B, and have the same IP address. The initial priority is to configure one radio to Radio A and assign different IP addresses, unique to each radio. There are two ways to change the IP address:1Reset the radio to the critical default factory settings (see Radio Reset).2Connect to the GUI using the default IP address (10.0.0.1), and change the IP address through the GUI interface.To configure a radio as Radio A, connect to the GUI and change the configuration, as discussed in this section.Make ConnectionsIt is recommended that one radio at a time be configured, on a bench, before taking the radios to the field for installation:•(rc models only) Terminate the RF connector with a 50-Ohm termination or a fixed attenuator of at least 20dB (see Power).Once connected to the radio using Ethernet, log in to the Exalt GUI.Log InUse the following steps to log in to the Exalt GUI.1Open a browser window. Note: To connect to the radio’s Ethernet port and use the GUI interface, the accessing computer must match the radio’s IP address subnet. It is therefore necessary to either change the radio’s IP address through the CLI to match the subnet of the computer, or change the computer’s IP address to match the subnet of the radio (such as, a computer IP address of 10.0.0.10 if trying to connect to a radio set to the factory default IP address of 10.0.0.1).If the radio has DHCP enabled on the PoE port (see Ethernet Interface Configuration Page), which is the default setting for a radio shipped from Exalt, and your computer's Ethernet port is set for DHCP addressing, the radio will configure your computer to 10.0.0.2, and no manual IP configuration is required for your computer. Note: Do not connect the radios in a back-to-back configuration. If the radios are set to their factory default settings, both radios are configured as Radio B and cannot communicate. Both radios also have the same IP address, which causes IP address conflictsNote: The IP address subnet of the accessing computer must match the radio’s IP address subnet to connect using Ethernet.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 332009-12-18Microsoft Internet Explorer is the recommended browser. Netscape, Mozilla, Firefox, Chrome, and Safari are also supported. If there are issues with your browser, please report it to Exalt Customer Care. You may be required to use a different browser to immediately overcome issues.2Type the IP address of the radio in the address bar.Figure 10 Initiating the browser connectionThe following window displays after pressing the Enter key or clicking the Go button in the browser window.Figure 11 Browser Login screenLogin PrivilegesThere are two levels of login privileges:•Administrator (admin) – assigned complete permissions to view, edit, and configure•User (user) – assigned limited, view-only permissions with no edit or configuration rightsThe default login names and passwords are as follows:Administrator login credentials are required for configuration purposes. Type the user name and passwords for Administrator level and click OK. The following screen displays.Table 5 Default login informationPrivilege level User name Default passwordAdministrator admin passwordUser user password

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios34 203591-0022009-12-18Figure 12 Radio Information pageQuick StartTo establish a link on the bench, apply the following basic configurations to the radio terminal. Use the steps in the Quick Start Guide included with the radio. A summary of the items that need to be configured are:•Radio IP address for each end. – Each end must have a different IP address and cannot match the accessing computer’s IP address or any address assigned if radios are part of a larger network.– It may be required to change the IP address of the accessing computer after changing the IP address of the radio so that the IP subnet matches.– The radio IP address is listed on the Administration Settings Page.•Install the Regulatory Domain Key (RDK) for RDK-enabled radios only.– The radio is non-functional without the RDK.– RDK is entered on the Administration Settings page.– RDK references the unit’s serial number and the country/region where the radio will be deployed.– RDK is obtained through your Exalt Authorized reseller or distributor.•Set one radio as Radio A.– The radio selected as Radio A must be configured.– Radio A/B selection is the Endpoint Identifier parameter on the System Configuration Page.– Even though both radios are set as Radio B by default, confirm this configuration on the radio intended to be Radio B.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 352009-12-18If all other parameters are still configured at their factory default settings, the radios can now be connected back-to-back to verify that the link is communicating and perform any other desired tests. See Back-to-back Bench Testing for test information.Navigating the GUI describes each page of the GUI. Most configuration parameter settings are intuitive. The following link parameters must match at both ends for the link to communicate:•Link Security Key (Administration Settings Page)•Bandwidth (System Configuration Page)•RF Frequency (System Configuration page)•Link Distance (System Configuration page)•TDD Frame Size (System Configuration page)Navigating the GUIThe GUI provides the primary interface for all configuration and management. There are three sections of the main GUI window (Figure 13):Summary status information section (upper-left corner)•Navigation panel •Main windowFigure 13 Exalt GUI window descriptionSummary Status SectionThis section of the Exalt GUI provides a review of the system status. In the screens in Figure 13, the top bar illustrates the alarm condition of the link. The information inside the bar is equivalent to the entry of the Link Name set by the administrator in the Administration Settings Page.The color of the panel indicates alarm status: Note: Changing any of these parameters causes a temporary loss of link. The GUI displays a warning and provides an opportunity to cancel changes.SUMMARY STATUSNAVIGATION PANEMAIN WINDOW

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios36 203591-0022009-12-18•Green indicates the system is communicating and all functions are normal•Yellow indicates a minor non-traffic affecting alarm condition •Red indicates a major traffic affecting alarm condition The left panel summarizes the alarm conditions of the local radio (the radio that matches the IP address). The information displayed is the IP address and the endpoint identifier (Radio A or Radio B). The right panel summarizes the alarm conditions of the remote radio (the radio linked to the local radio).The Summary Status Section allows the Exalt GUI to be a rudimentary management system. Minimize the browser window to display just the top bar or the top bar and radio information, and open several browsers on the desktop. When a window status changes to yellow or red, you can quickly maximize that window to determine the issues.Figure 14 Summary status informationNavigation PanelIn the navigation panel, pages with sub-pages have a plus (+) to the left of the page link. Click the plus sign or page name title to view sub-page titles. The pages can be collapsed to hide the sub-pages when a minus (–) sign appears to the left of the page link.Management pages are indicated with an X to the left of the page name. Click the X or page name to display the page within the main window.Note: The ‘local’ radio might be the near-end or the far-end radio, depending on the management interface connection. The terms local and remote refer to the orientation of the radio terminals relative to the IP address you are managing. When making certain changes to a near-end radio without first making changes to the far-end radio, the link may become disconnected unless configuration changes are reverted to their original settings. When making changes that may disrupt the link, always change the far-end radio first, and then the near-end radio to match.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 372009-12-18Note: The ‘local’ radio might be the near-end or the far-end radio, depending on the management interface connection. The terms local and remote refer to the orientation of the radio terminals relative to the IP address you are managing. When making certain changes to a near-end radio without first making changes to the far-end radio, the link may become disconnected unless configuration changes are reverted to their original settings. When making changes that may disrupt the link, always change the far-end radio first, and then the near-end radio to match.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios38 203591-0022009-12-18Radio Information PageThis page provides general information about the local radio terminal. This information is helpful for troubleshooting and for record keeping. Figure 15 Radio Information page

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 392009-12-18Administration Settings PageThis page allows contains general parameters for the radio system. The Current Value column lists entries actual settings. Desired changes are entered in the New Value column.After all desired changes are entered, click the Update button to accept and enable changes. Figure 16 Administration Settings pageMost entries on this page are self-explanatory. The following lists unique or important parameters.•Fill in the date and time fields as soon as practical. Events are captured with time/date stamps, which is valuable information for troubleshooting.•Set the Link Security Key to something other than the factory default setting (12 characters, all zeros) at each end. The link security key must match at both sides of the link. If the security key remains at the factory setting, the radio link is open to sabotage by a party with the same radio model. Each link should have a unique security key. If using the same security key for every link in the network, the radio could link to any other radio with the same security key. This is problematic in multi-radio networks.– Note that the security key must be exactly 12 characters. Any alphanumeric character can be used. The link security key is case sensitive.– Reset the admin and user passwords. These passwords should not match. If the admin password remains at the factory default setting, it provides an opportunity for random reassignment by a network-connected user.Note: Changing the link security key interrupts transmission until the opposite end is changed to match. Always change the far-end radio first, and then change the near-end radio.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios40 203591-0022009-12-18– The new password must be entered twice. If the passwords do not match and the Update button clicked, the password is not changed and remains set to the previous password.•Enter the license key provided by Exalt to access extended features or diagnostic capabilities. Click Update to accept the changes and enable the new features. License keys are issued by radio serial number, so ensure that the license key used was issued for this particular radio.•For some models, the Regulatory Domain Key establishes the frequency bands, tuning frequencies, bandwidths, output power and Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) requirements, in accordance with the regulations that apply in the country where the product is deployed. The RDK must be typed in to enable ANY functionality for the radio. The RDK is issued to the Exalt Authorized distributor or reseller, and is paired to the specific serial number of the radio.•AES (Advance Encryption Standard) can be implemented to provide additional data security for the wireless link. This function requires an upgrade license key (purchased separately). Both radios in the link must have a valid AES upgrade license key to implement AES. Different bit-length encryption license keys (for example, 128-bit and 256-bit) are also available, depending on model type. If the required upgrade license key is present, simply insert a matching hexadecimal string on both terminals and select the Enable AES On option for AES encryption. Note that similar to the administration and user passwords, the AES string must be entered twice for each terminal.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 412009-12-18Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) ConfigurationUse SNMP to manage networked devices and execute the following functions:•GET: Obtain information from the device, such as a configuration setting or parameter.•SET: Change a configuration setting on the device.•TRAP: The device proactively informs the management station of a change of state, usually used for critical alarms or warnings.Figure 17 SNMP Configuration pageOne feature of the SNMP implementation is that system configuration changes do not take effect using the SET command. Instead, groups of configuration settings can be preconfigured for global change, and a single ‘Save’ (Commit) command implements all changes.When some parameters are changed, a link may drop and/or management control lost. MIB files allow many parameters to be set at once, allowing only a temporarily dropped link or management control issue. The opposite end radio can be quickly reconfigured, with little downtime for the link and management control. The Save (Commit) command is similar to the Update button. Dropped links or management control issues do not occur with every parameter change. Many configuration changes do not impact traffic or management access.ExtendAir radios utilize SNMPv3, a high security version of SNMP, to ensure secure access to and storing of management data. The SNMPv3 security string matches the admin and user passwords. Passwords must be eight characters or longer.The SNMP MIBs are organized similar to the GUI. Become familiar with the GUI before using the SNMP function.SNMP v1/v2c/v3 Support OptionsEnable the SNMPv1/v2c options to allow entering read and read/write community strings.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios42 203591-0022009-12-18Enable the SNMPv3 options to allow entering read and read/write user names and passwords. These entries are de-coupled from the standard radio user names and passwords. SNMPv3 provides full management security.SNMP TrapsSNMP traps alert the central network management system with important issues about the radio system. Trap filters are set on the Traps Configuration page (Figure 18). Trap support for all versions of SNMP are provided and can be independently enabled. Enter the IP address to which the traps are directed in the Trap Destination IP Address field. The Ethernet port that is being used for management must be connected to the network to allow trap information to reach the designated IP address. In a bridged network, this may not require special network settings. In a routed network, the connected router must have a defined path for the IP address.Figure 18 Trap Configuration pageThe following traps are available:•Authentication Trap: This is an SNMP standard trap when password information for SNMP is incorrect. This can help identify unwanted intrusions into the management system and for diagnosis of SNMP issues for valid users.•Radio Reboot Trap: This trap is sent after any radio reboot to inform the manager of the reboot status.•Local/Remote Link Status Trap: This trap is sent when Link is in errored state (equivalent to the Link LED on the radio front panel or the Link status bar in the upper-left of the Exalt GUI window).Note: Users are encouraged to avoid enabling SNMPv1/V2c support due to known security loopholes in these protocols.Note: The Update button must be clicked to save any changes to this page.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 432009-12-18•Local/Remote Status Trap: This trap is sent when Status is in errored state (equivalent to the Status LED on the front panel or the radio status box in the upper-left of the Exalt GUI window).•Local RSL Status Trap: This trap is sent when the local RSL drops below the value set in the Threshold Value (dBm) field. Buffers are provided so that continuous traps are not sent if the RSL is bouncing near the set threshold value. This trap is reset only if the RSL rises to 3dBm above the set threshold value and then drops below that value. Exalt recommends that this trap be set to a value 5dBm or 10dBm above the threshold as a warning that the system has faded and may be approaching an outage.•Temperature Status Trap: This trap is sent when the internal temperature reaches the warning point. This conveys that the external temperature control is in a fault state. Buffers are applied to this trap to avoid multiple traps when the temperature remains near the warning point.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios44 203591-0022009-12-18File Management PagesFile Transfer PageThis page allows the administrator to upload and download files to and from the radio. Three types of files can be uploaded: configuration, radio firmware, and Regulatory Domain Database (RDD). When uploading Configuration Files, current configuration parameters are immediately overwritten, and the unit automatically reboots. When uploading radio firmware files, the file is placed into reserve memory space. After the new radio firmware file uploads, use the File Activation page to enable the files (see File Activation Page).Figure 19 File Transfer pageUp to four types of files can be downloaded: configuration, radio firmware, radio event log, and MIB. The MIB file refers to the Management Information Base related to the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) function, and is only available on models which support SNMP. See Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) for more information.Note: Issues with the RDK may be caused when the Regulatory Domain Database (RDD) is not up to date. Go to the Exalt Web site to download the current RDD.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 452009-12-18Use the following steps to download a file.1Select the type of file to download (configuration, radio firmware, MIB or event log).2Click the Download button and wait for the radio to prepare the file for download. For some file downloads, a second page/link appears (Figure 20). 3Left-click the link on the page to download the file to a desired location.Figure 20 File Transfer page—download file linkFile download and upload is useful when configuring several radios with similar settings. A copy of the configuration file can also help restore radio settings. In addition, a copy of the Exalt default configuration file is helpful to restore the radio to factory settings. If copying the same configuration file into multiple radios, some parameters will match and that may be undesirable. However, it may be easier to change just a subset of parameters rather than every parameter. The following parameters can cause problems or confusion if they match at each of a link:•Radio Name•Endpoint IdentifierNote: Check the File Activation Page before uploading radio firmware files. New file uploads overwrite the secondary file location. If important files reside in the primary or secondary file location, download them before uploading the new files. Only the active radio firmware file can be downloaded. Therefore, to download the reserve file, it must first be activated (using the Swap button). See File Activation Page. The current radio firmware and RDD versions can be viewed on the Radio Information Page.Note: Do not change the name of any download file. The configuration file must be named config.xml. To keep track of multiple configuration files, use a folder naming system or temporarily rename the file, however, it must be named config.xml before it can be uploaded to a radio. Never change radio firmware file names under any circumstances.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios46 203591-0022009-12-18•IP Address•IP Subnet Mask•Default Gateway The following parameters can match at both ends of the link:•Link Name•Link Security Key (although each link should be different)•Admin and User passwords•Bandwidth•RF Frequency•Link Distance•TDD Frame Size•T1/E1 configurations•Ethernet configurations

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 472009-12-18File Activation PageUse this page to move stored or uploaded files for use on the radio. The page indicates which file is currently in use, and which file is available for use. Click the Swap button to place the file in the Alternative File column into the active state and move the file in the Current File column to the Alternative File column.Figure 21 File Activation pageNote: In all cases, the radio reboots after a new file is selected using the Swap function. This places the radio out of service for a short time.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios48 203591-0022009-12-18System Configuration PageThis page contains several critical system parameters. Figure 22 System Configuration pageMost entries on this page are self-explanatory. The following lists unique or important parameters.•Set the Endpoint Identifier so that one end of the link is set to Radio A and the opposite end set to Radio B. In single-link networks, it is unimportant which end is designated A or B. In multi-link networks, however, it may be important to orient the links so that at any collocation site (where there are multiple radios of the same type at the same site), all radios are set to the same Endpoint Identifier (A or B). See Link Orientation and Synchronization. •Set the Radio Transmit Power (dBm) parameter to the designed level. The professional installer sets this value or dictates the value of this setting to the system administrator following the system design and local regulations. In many cases, this value must be set to a proper value to comply with legal restrictions. Improper values can result in liability to the user and/or installer.Note: For models requiring a Regulatory Domain Key (RDK), you must enter a valid RDK to edit this page.Note: Changing the Endpoint Identifier parameter requires a reboot of the radio to take effect. The reboot temporarily interrupts traffic.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios50 203591-0022009-12-18The frequency selection section includes the ability to select from either the complete list of frequencies (“All” or “Extended”) that can be tuned for the selected band and bandwidth, or, in some cases, a pre-selected list of non-overlapping center frequencies (“Preferred” or “Standard”) that Exalt determined provides the most flexible collocation opportunities for large networks of Exalt radios or matching a standard regulatory channel plan.The frequency selection section includes a band selection button that must be enabled for the frequency band of operation for which the link was engineered. In some cases, some bands may not be selectable due to regulatory constraints. Some bands also require Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS), based on the active RDK. DFS is automatically enabled for these bands and is selectable for all other bands.•DFS is automatically enabled for any band where required based on the regulations that match the active RDK. For bands where DFS is not required, it can still be selected. For DFS to operate properly, set the antenna gain figure to match the installed transmission system gain (that is, the gain of the antenna minus all losses between the radio and the antenna). •Set the Link Distance (miles) parameter to the range that is equal to or greater than the actual link distance. The value of this setting is determined in the design/engineering stage.•Set the TDD Frame Size (ms) parameter to the designed level. The value of this setting is determined in the design/engineering stage. The TDD Frame Size parameter must match at both ends of the link. The TDD Frame Size parameter setting directly relates to the capacity, latency, and number of TDM circuits that can be supported over the given link distance. In multi-link networks, especially where there are collocated links, it is also important to set all radios to the same TDD Frame Size setting to avoid self-interference. The GPS or internal sync (future) function may be necessary for these networks. See Time Division Duplex (TDD) Factors and Link Orientation and Synchronization for more information.Note: Changing RF Frequency will temporarily interrupt traffic. The RF Frequency parameter setting must match at each end. Adjust the far-end radio first, and then the near-end radio. If the RF Frequency parameter is changed to a frequency with interference, the link may be lost and unrecoverable through GUI control. If the link is lost due to changing the RF Frequency parameter, travel to the radio location(s) may be required to reset the value.Note: When DFS is enabled, the radio temporarily stops transmitting for at least 60 seconds to ensure that no radar interference is present. This is called Channel Availability Check (CAC). The DFS status displays on the Alarms Page. Once CAC passes, the radio resumes normal operation. If at any time during CAC or regular operation a qualifying radar signature is detected, the radio shuts down communications for a minimum of 30 minutes. This is the Non-Occupancy Period (NOP). Transmission only resumes after the NOP completes and then only after a successful CAC.Note: Changing the Link Distance parameter will temporarily interrupt traffic. The Link Distance setting must match at each end and must not be less than the actual link distance. Adjust the far-end radio first, and then the near-end radio. If the Link Distance parameter is changed to a setting less than the actual distance, the link may be lost and unrecoverable through GUI control. If the link is lost due to this situation, travel to the radio location(s) may be required to reset the value. If the Link Distance parameter setting is set to a distance unnecessarily higher than the actual link distance, the radio may have substantially reduced performance with respect to throughput and latency.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 512009-12-18•Set the TX/RX Throughput Ratio (%) parameter to program radio symmetry. The default setting is 50/50 for symmetrical, full-duplex throughput. Other throughput ratio options are 20/80, 80/20, and 65/35, 35/65. See Link Symmetry.– For asymmetric throughput, only TDD frame size settings of 2ms and 5ms and RF Bandwidth settings of 16MHz and higher are supported. – The 64MHz/Mode2 configuration does not support asymmetry due to capacity limitations of the 100BaseT interface. Set the Radio Collocation parameter to control parameters related to the GPS Synchronization feature (see Radio Synchronization). This parameter can be enabled when an Exalt GPS receiver is connected to Radio A. There are two additional features:– Set the Flywheel Period parameter to ‘Normal’ (default) or ‘Infinite.’ This is the period of time that the radio will run on the internal timing signal if the GPS timing signal is lost. •The Normal parameter is a time period that allows the GPS timing signal to be recovered. The default time to wait is set between 5 and 10 min. The system then resynchronizes to the GPS signal without impact to traffic. If Normal is selected and GPS timing is not recovered within the set time period, the system stops transmitting (loss of link) until GPS timing is recovered. This prevents self-interference to local systems, but loses the link. •The Infinite parameter allows the radio to run on the internal clock source with no limit and attempts to resynchronize with GPS when the GPS timing source is detected. This allows the link to continue to operate, however, if a GPS signal is not detected within approximately 10 minutes, the radio may start to cause interference to other collocated systems, and other collocated systems may start to cause interference with it. If after this interval GPS timing is restored, a temporary outage due to the resynchronization requirement may occur.– Set the Tx Timing Offset (uSec) parameter to allow the administrator to delay transmitter timing from the GPS timing pulse by a fixed time, in microseconds. This is useful if multiple GPS-synchronized Exalt radio systems are present, separated by distance, such as when using a repeater. This delay is required to offset the difference in speed-of-light between the two locations. It is recommended to add a 5uSec delay for every mile of difference in path length. For example, if there is one link with no delay, delay the link within the field-of-view of the first link on the same or overlapping frequency channel accordingly so that it is synchronized, including the speed-of-light delay between the two sites.•Buzzer Timeout (minutes) parameter creates an audio signal for antenna alignment. Turn on the buzzer continuously during antenna alignment or preset a period of time that the buzzer will sound. If the buzzer stops before alignment activities are complete, change the selection and press the Update button or select the ON option until alignment activities are complete.•Aggregate User Throughput parameter provides information about user capacity of the wireless link, in the current configuration. The ‘new value’ column reflects throughput if changes are made to Bandwidth, Mode, Link Distance, and/or TDD Frame Size. Click the “Aggregate User Throughput” link for details on aggregate capacity.Note: Changing the TDD Frame Size parameter will temporarily interrupt traffic. TDD Frame Size parameters must match at each end. Adjust the far-end radio first, and then the near-end radio. If the TDD Frame Size parameter is set to a value that cannot be supported for the link distance, the link may be lost and unrecoverable through GUI control. If the link is lost due to this situation, travel to the radio location(s) may be required to reset the value.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios52 203591-0022009-12-18Ethernet Interface Configuration PageThis page allows the administrator to set the alarm, and duplex settings of the Ethernet connection. For xx05 models, this page also allows determination of the management information for in-band (carried over the air and available from both Ethernet connectors on either end of the link) or out-of-band (not carried over the air and only available from the local PoE connector).Figure 23 Ethernet Interface Configuration pageTo ignore Ethernet alarms, disable the alarming of the connector. For xx05 models, muting a connection is desirable when connected equipment senses Ethernet signaling and makes decisions (such as, spanning tree protocol enable) based on the Ethernet signal. If a connection has muting enabled, the port is muted when the link is not active. Do not apply muting to the PoE connection, to ensure that management access is always available.It may be desirable to disable the alarming of any connector if it is not used.Set the Ethernet interfaces on the radio and connected equipment to 100/full-duplex for best performance. If the Ethernet ports are set to auto-negotiation, poor throughput performance may be a result, as well as intermittent disconnections of the Ethernet connection. When enabled, the DHCP feature provides a basic DHCP function to ease interfacing with a computer. DHCP is enabled by default. If the Ethernet port on the computer is set for DHCP addressing, on radio bootup (for up to 10 minutes) the radio provides an IP address to the computer that is one digit higher than the radio’s IP address (for example, if the radio’s IP address is 10.0.0.1, the computer’s IP address will be 10.0.02). The radio also senses any DHCP server on the network and if detected, mutes the its own internal DHCP function.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 532009-12-18T1/E1 Configuration PagesThese pages allow the administrator to selectively enable or disable the T1 or E1 circuits, one at a time. For enabled T1/E1 circuits, additional configuration, including loopback functions, are available. Disable the unused T1 or E1 so that the alarms are turned off and more throughput is allocated to the Ethernet interface. Every enabled T1 or E1 input, even if there is no T1 or E1 signal present, reduces the aggregate throughput of the Ethernet interface by roughly 3Mbps (for T1) or 4Mbps (for E1).This page toggles between T1 and E1, as required, by clicking the Set to T1 or Set to E1 button. A warning displays that a reboot is necessary, and the radio reboots if the administrator continues. This will interrupt traffic. It may be necessary to re-login to the radio after the reboot completes. T1/E1 mode self-coordinates across the link if the link is active. This means that it only needs to be set while connected at one end. In addition, enabling and disabling T1/E1 circuits also self-coordinates across the link if the link is active. If a link is not active and T1/E1 enabling is a mismatch when a link is first created, the Radio A configuration for T1/E1 enabling supersedes the settings on the Radio B configuration, and changes the settings on Radio B.T1 Interface Configuration PageThis page allows the administrator to enable/disable each individual T1 channel, set the Line Build Out (LBO), Line Code (either AMI or B8ZS), and AIS enabling/disabling for each input. If enabled, the radio places an AIS code on the output of the associated interface if and when the link fails or when there is no T1 signal available from the far end to provide the user at the local end. Loopback controls are also provided (see T1/E1 Loopback).Note: Certain combinations of the TDD Frame Size, Link Distance, Mode, and Bandwidth parameter settings limit the number of T1/E1 circuits that can be carried by the radio. In these cases, certain fields on the T1/E1 Interface Configuration pages are not available, starting with the highest port number. For example, for a 4x T1/E1 radio version, if only three (3) circuits can be carried, port 4 is not available for configuration and is disabled. If only two circuits can be carried, both ports 3 and 4 are not available. Increasing the TDD frame size and Mode parameters, and/or increasing the Bandwidth parameter results in an increase in the supported number of T1/E1 circuits.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios54 203591-0022009-12-18Figure 24 T1 Interface Configuration pageE1 Interface Configuration PageThis page allows the administrator to enable/disable each individual E1 channel. The AIS can also be enabled and disabled for each input. If enabled, the radio places an AIS code on the output of the associated interface if and when the link fails or when there is no E1 signal available from the far end to provide the user at the local end. Loopback controls are also provided (see T1/E1 Loopback).Figure 25 E1 Interface Configuration page

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 552009-12-18T1/E1 LoopbackLoopback is provided for any enabled T1 or E1 port. As shown in Figure 26 through Figure 28, the choices are:•No Loopback (default) •External (local)•External (remote)•InternalAll loopback configurations control the loop at the Line Interface integrated circuit, which is the device wired directly to the front panel ports.External loopback modes are used in conjunction with an external test source. The designation of ‘local’ or ‘remote’ refers to where the loopback is occurring relative to the location where the loopback is implemented. That is, on the radio being accessed, if External (remote) is selected, this loops the signal back at the remote radio interface back towards the local radio. Likewise, if External (local) is selected, the signal loops back at the local interface towards the remote radio (Figure 26 and Figure 27).Figure 26 External (remote) loopbackFigure 27 External (local) loopbackWhen a local T1/E1 port is configured for External (remote) loopback, it is the same as configuring the remote radio for External (local) loopback.Internal loopback uses an internal test source, and sends the test source signal across the link, looped at the remote radio’s interface, returned to the local radio, and looped at the local radio’s interface back to the source. The inputs at both ends are looped back at the line level. Figure 28 illustrates the internal loopback function.Figure 28 Internal loopbackNote: Only one Internal loopback can be enabled at any time.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios56 203591-0022009-12-18VLAN Configuration PageVLAN is disabled as the default setting for Exalt radios. The Exalt radios still pass VLAN and non-VLAN traffic across the link, but do not examine the VLAN traffic or act upon it. Enable VLAN using the Exalt GUI for expanded VLAN support.Figure 29 VLAN Configuration pageWhen VLAN is first enabled, the Ethernet interface port is assigned as Default VLAN, until the port is configured with specific VLAN IDs. For example, a specific VLAN for management access to the radio must be manually configured.Two VLAN modes are provided:•The 802.1q mode allows you to create a list of up to 64 VLAN IDs that are allowed to pass across the link. Any other VLANs and untagged packets are blocked in this mode. In this mode, the VLANs that are desired to be passed must be listed in the bottom table. These values can be entered in ranges or as individual numbers separated by commas (for example, 1, 5, 10–22, 50, 70–102.)•The ‘Management Only Enabled’ mode is for customers that wish to manage the radio with a VLAN, but have the radio be transparent to all traffic (pass both VLAN and untagged traffic).VLAN configurations are maintained even when VLAN is disabled. That is, the VLANs can be configured and the configuration saved, even though they are not active until VLAN is enabled.Use the following methods to restore the management connection if a mistake was made assigning the management VLAN and access cannot be restored: Reset the radio to the critical factory defaults (see Note: Once a management VLAN is configured or modified and the Update button clicked, the management connection will likely be lost. The management connection to the radio must follow the configuration to the assigned VLAN. After configuring and enabling the management VLAN on the radio, reconfigure your network’s management access to match the settings on the radio.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 572009-12-18Reset to Critical Factory Settings). Connect to the Console port using a serial interface and the CLI, as described in Telnet into the Command Line Interface (CLI), and reconfigure the VLAN settings.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios58 203591-0022009-12-18Ethernet Rate LimitingThis page enables radio Ethernet port rate limiting. Enable this to limit the output information rate to at or below downstream networking equipment capabilities. The rate is in Mbps or kbps, as specified.fFigure 30 Ethernet Rate Limiting pageFor models with more than one Ethernet port, each port can have rate limiting enabled or disabled. The default setting is disabled. Use the Update button to save changes.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 592009-12-18GPS Information PageThis page provides information on how many GPS satellites are within the view of the Exalt GPS receiver. This page is active for implementations that include the GPS receiver connection for synchronization. This information can be helpful for troubleshooting GPS issues.Figure 31 GPS Information page

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios60 203591-0022009-12-18Alarms PageThis page provides an easy-to-read summary of the alarm status of both local and remote radios. The colors on this page reflect the color of the alarms displayed on the radio front panel. However, additional detail displays on this page to aid in quick assessment of issues and status.Figure 32 Alarms pageTable 6 lists alarm status conditions that appear on this page.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 612009-12-18The Temperature alarm monitors the internal temperature of the unit based on specific points inside the radio chassis. It is normal for the internal temperature to be above the ambient temperature, so the temperature reading may be higher than the highest specified ambient temperature. When the internal electronics reach a point that is higher than the normal temperature rise at the highest ambient temperature, the temperature alarm turns yellow. Power down the radio as soon as possible, and investigate the cause of the temperature rise before the radio is put back into service. In almost all cases, a temperature alarm is due to an external cause. Table 6 Alarm status indicatorsLabel StatusLink Indicates RF link status:• Green Solid = Error-free connection (BER<10e-6)• Yellow Solid = Errored connection (10e-3>BER >10e-6)• Red Solid = No link (BER>10e-3)DFS Indicates the status of the Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS).• Green = No DFS activity, normal transmission• Red = Either CAC or NOP is in progress.Collocation Indicates the enabled/disabled status with Internal or GPS sync and current alarm status.• Green Solid = Sync enabled and sync input present• Yellow Solid = Sync enabled and missing proper sync input in flywheel operation period• Red Solid = Sync enabled and missing proper sync input signal and flywheel period expiredEthernet • Green Solid = Alarm Enabled and Ethernet Link present• Red = Alarm Enabled and Ethernet Link not present• Grey = Alarm DisabledT1/E1 Input • Green = Enabled and connection present (clocking confirmed)• Yellow = Disabled and connection present• Red = Enabled and no connection present• Grey = Disabled and no connection presentTemperature • Green Solid = Normal temperature range• Yellow Solid = Exceeding normal temperature range

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios62 203591-0022009-12-18Performance PageThis page provides statistical information about the performance of the system in relation to the integrity of the user data and the RF link. Figure 33 Performance page•The Current BER field indicates the current bit error rate of the link. If the link is operating perfectly, this should indicate zero. Generally, the link should remain at a BER less than 1x10-6 (1 bit out of every million bits errored). This is the threshold performance specification and the standard to which the link was engineered. However, radio links can and are affected by weather, interference, and other external sources and will occasionally have a higher error rate. A link remains operational unless the BER exceeds 1x10-3 (1 bit out of every hundred bits errored). Consult the link design engineer for an understanding of the predicted error rate of the radio link as it has been designed. Many applications are unaffected by bit errors, but TDM circuits (for example, T1 or E1) are more sensitive. Also, if the link operator is providing a service guarantee, this value may need to be monitored or examined in cases of service issues. The behavior of BER in relation to other alarms or measurements and external events can be very helpful in troubleshooting activities.•Current RSL is the measurement of the received signal level at the radio antenna port. This is the measured level of the RF signal coming from the opposite end of the radio link. The link was engineered to a specific RSL by the link design engineer, and this RSL should be obtained during installation and remain relatively stable during the operation of the link. RSL can and will vary as a result of weather changes and other external sources, such as path obstructions. Once again, this variation was part of the original design to achieve a certain level of performance over time. Bit errors occur when the RSL falls to a level within roughly 3dB of the threshold specification. When the RSL falls below the threshold specification, the link disconnects and will not reconnect until the RSL is above the threshold specification. The behavior of RSL in relation to other alarms or measurements and external events can be very helpful in troubleshooting activities.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 632009-12-18•Errored Seconds (ES) indicates the total number of seconds that occurred where there was at least one bit error since the last time that the radio statistics counter was reset. Generally, ES are not a significant concern, so long as they are not continuous or above the anticipated performance based on the original link engineering goals. If ES are continuous or at a high rate, this is normally an indication of poor link performance due to poor RSL or interference, or severe impact by weather or other environmental factors. However, similar to the performance factors previously listed, ES can and will occur in any radio link. Once again, consult the link engineer to determine the original design goals, and compare actual performance to these expectations to determine if any improvements are necessary or if other problems may be causing excessive ES.•Unavailable Seconds (also called UAS) are similar to ES, but this counter keeps track of every second where the bit error rate equals or exceeds 1x10-3, as well as any seconds where there is a complete loss of radio communication, over the period since the last counter reset. If Unavailable Seconds are continuous or at a high rate, this is normally an indication of poor link performance due to poor RSL or interference, or severe impact by weather or other environmental factors. However, similar to the performance factors listed above, Unavailable Seconds can and do occur in any radio link. Consult the link engineer to determine the original design goals, and compare actual performance to these expectations to determine if any improvements are necessary or if other problems may be causing excessive Unavailable Seconds.•Minimum RSL indicates the worst (lowest) received signal level that occurred since the last counter reset. It is helpful to know if the RSL dropped significantly from the normal level, or has reached a level near or below threshold.•Minimum RSL Timestamp indicates the date and time when the Minimum RSL occurred. This is helpful for general troubleshooting, and especially comparing to items in the event log or diagnostic charts from the same time period.•Maximum RSL indicates the best (highest) RSL that occurred since the last counter reset. This indicates the best performance of the radio link, which is normally equal to the installed value, and is usually the designed value.•Time Since Reset indicates the amount of time passed since the last counter reset. This helps to quantify the seriousness of other statistics, such as ES and Unavailable Seconds, if there have been high numbers of ES and/or Unavailable Seconds over a relatively short period of time.All end-of-link statistics can be independently reset using the respective reset statistics button. It is good practice to reset the statistics during link commissioning (after all antenna alignment is complete and stable RSL at designed levels is achieved, and no more system reboots are anticipated). Regularly review this page to note performance and reset the statistics so that the counters can more precisely pinpoint issues.Note: Unavailable Seconds do not register as ES. In other words, the ES counter counts all seconds that are errored NOT INCLUDING the seconds that were classified as unavailable. The total number of seconds with errors or outages is the sum of ES and Unavailable Seconds.Note: Resetting statistics from one end also resets the statistics for the same radio at the opposite end. That is, if the Local statistics are reset, logging into the remote end shows the Remote statistics on that end (which is the local radio in the first condition) as being reset at the same time.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios64 203591-0022009-12-18Event Log PageUse this page to review a list of the events logged by the radio. The following items are listed in the event log:•Alarms•Alarms clearing (Normal)•Radio RebootsEvery event is tagged with the time that the event occurred, and a severity and type. The event log also allows filtering to limit the view of the log to the lowest level of desired information. For example, a filter level of Minor displays Minor, Major, and Critical severity events. The log contains the last 1000 events. Events are deleted on a FIFO basis.The event log can be cleared and be downloaded from the radio (some models may require a software upgrade to enable this feature). A screen capture of the browser window can serve as a useful record.Figure 34 Event Log page

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 652009-12-18User Throughput PageThis page illustrates the user throughput of the radio, as configured. Figure 35 illustrates the information provided.Figure 35 User Throughput pageClick the help icon ( ) for to open page on how this information is determined (Figure 36).

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios66 203591-0022009-12-18Figure 36 Aggregate User Throughput Help page

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 672009-12-18Diagnostic Charts PageUse this page as an aid in troubleshooting. This page illustrates the historical (and current) performance for three parameters: RSL, Radio Temperature, and BER.The horizontal scale illustrates 120 points of time measurement and is synchronized on all three graphs. The scale displays in minutes, hours, or days from the last two hours (120 minutes), five days (120 hours), or four months (120 days). All information is stored, so all of these periods are available for short- and long-term performance analysis. The right side of a graph represents the most recent measurement, and data ‘marches’ from the right-to-left at every interval.The vertical scale of each chart independently scales to show the maximum resolution based on the maximum variation of the data over the selected time measurement. Figure 37 Diagnostic Charts pageUse the cursor to point to any spot on any of the three charts, and all three charts illustrate the measurements taken for that time interval in the upper-left corner of each chart. The time interval is indicated by T=(value). This is followed by the value of the measurement, listing the highest value, lowest value and average value measured over that time interval.For example, in Figure 37 the displayed time interval is minutes, and the cursor is held at the T=5 mark on the horizontal axis. The measurements shown indicate performance from 5 minutes ago. The high/low/average values shown on each chart are measurements made across that specific one-hour interval.Changes in RSL often have an impact on BER, and this can be confirmed by looking for synchronized events. When BER events occur without corresponding changes in RSL, this normally indicates

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios68 203591-0022009-12-18interference, atmospheric changes, transmission system issues (such as problems with cables, connectors or antennas), or possibly radio hardware problems. It is also useful to help determine if changes in radio temperature are occurring, and if they are having any impact on RSL or BER. If the radio is mounted in an environmentally controlled location, this has less relevance. However, temperature monitoring can be helpful to ensure that the radio is operating within specifications.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 692009-12-18Spectrum Analyzer PageThe spectrum analyzer feature provides a useful pre-planning and troubleshooting tool. This feature is only available on radios with firmware supporting the spectrum analyzer. Perform a spectrum analysis after deployment and just before commissioning to maintain a record of the spectrum at the time of deployment. Figure 38 shows the Spectrum Analyzer page.Figure 38 Spectrum Analyzer pageWhile a professional spectrum analyzer provides higher levels of control and precision for pre-planning, the Spectrum Analyzer page allows evaluation of the RF spectrum as seen at the radio’s RF input port prior to deployment. This is useful for pre-planning the center frequency and occupied bandwidth, and to determine polarization and antenna type and mounting locations. For troubleshooting, enable the spectrum analyzer to scan the desired segment or full band of the frequency range. Select the step size and set the remote radio transmitter ON or OFF. This allows viewing of the clean spectrum without the remote transmitter on and a comparison of the remote transmitter in the midst of other signals.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios70 203591-0022009-12-18Use the smallest step size to obtain the finest view of the spectrum. The spectrum analyzer can be set to match the start and stop frequency for a dwell mode. Peak and average detection modes are also available. Peak detection is helpful for capturing intermittent events such as pulsed emissions.It is best to set the Scan Time option to a time value as opposed to using the ‘infinity’ setting. If your management computer is connected to the radio through the radio link, access to the GUI is interrupted during the duration of the analysis. The spectrum analyzer graph displays received signals in red or green (Figure 39), normalized in dBm to the resolution bandwidth of the analyzer. Red indicates a peak hold function. This is the highest level detected during the entire scan. Green indicates the last value measured at that frequency. Figure 39 Spectrum analyzer graph exampleA completely green vertical box indicates that the signal maintained a steady level for the entire scan or that the last scan measured at a strong or stronger level than the rest of the analysis. A completely red vertical box indicates that there was a signal at some point during the scan, but that the signal was not detected at the last scan. A graph displaying green on the lower part and red at the upper part indicates that at some time during the scan, a signal was detected at a higher level than was detected during the last scan.The last spectrum analyzer scan performed displays in this page until the radio is rebooted. You can do a screen capture for record keeping and for comparison to future analyses. The time and date of the analysis displays on the page, which is handy as a reference in a screen capture.Note: Enabling the spectrum analyzer interrupts all radio traffic for the duration of the analysis. In addition, access to the radio’s GUI may also be interrupted, depending on the location of the interfaced computer relative to the radio where the spectrum analysis is occurring. The GUI is available at the completion of the spectrum analysis.Note: The result of selecting infinity may be complete loss of contact to that radio and may require a physical visit to the radio location to disable the spectrum analyzer.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 712009-12-18Ethernet Utilization PageThis page shows a chart for each Ethernet interface to illustrate inbound and outbound packet utilization. This is shown as a percentage of the interface configuration (that is, if your interface is set for 100BaseT, then 100% represents 100Mbps. Compare offered load (inbound) to delivered load (outbound) to determine if radio capacity is a bottleneck for the data transfer. This chart can illustrate inbound and/or outbound utilization, and uses different colors for data entry. The legend can be hidden.Figure 40 Ethernet Utilization pageNote that the outbound utilization never exceeds the rate where a radio is configured. For example, if the radio is configured for a 55 Mbps capacity, outbound utilization will never exceed 55 Mbps at 100BaseT.The watermark level function allows administrators to receive an SNMP trap when watermark conditions are exceeded. For example, if a radio is configured for 55 Mbps capacity, the administrator may wish to be warned if the radio exceeds 50 Mbps for more than 1 hour per day. In this case, set the watermark level to 50% and the trap duration to 60 minutes. Traps must be enabled for this function to be active.When the watermark level function is enabled, a line on the chart appears for data comparison to the watermark.

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios72 203591-0022009-12-18Reboot PageUse this page to reboot the radio. The function may never be required, but can be used in emergencies. All configurations that require a reboot automatically reboot on administrator confirmation. Figure 41 Reboot page

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 732009-12-18Manual PageThe manual (this document or the version that matches the installed firmware) is available within the GUI. Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.5 or higher is required (go to www.adobe.com to download Acrobat Reader). Click the Manual link to display the manual within the browser window. Once the manual displays, click the save button on the PDF toolbar to download the manual locally.Figure 42 Manual page

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios74 203591-0022009-12-18SpecificationsThis section presents specifications for the ExtendAir (TDD) of Digital Microwave Radios.Physical SpecificationsIntegrated Antenna Models (r models)Connectorized Antenna Models (rc-models)Physical Configuration Outdoor unit (ODU)Dimensions (H x W x D) 13.3 x 13.3 x 4.5 inches / 33.8 x 33.8 x 11.4 cmWeight 7 lbs., 3.18 kgOperating Temperature –40 to +149°F /–40 to +65°CAltitude 15,000'/4.6 km Humidity 100% condensingEnvironmental NEMA4/IP66Physical Configuration Outdoor unit (ODU)Dimensions (H x W x D) 9.4 x 9.4 x 5.25 inches / 23.9 x 23.9 x 13.34 cmWeight 6 lbs. 2.72 kgOperating Temperature –40 to +149°F /–40 to +65°CAltitude 15,000'/4.6 km Humidity 100% condensingEnvironmental NEMA4/IP66

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 752009-12-18Common System SpecificationsTuning Resolution 1MHz; 5MHz for some regulatory domainsPower Control Step Size 0.5dBSelectable Modulation Modes Mode 1 (QPSK); Mode 2 (16QAM), Mode 3 (64QAM)Selectable Frame Lengths (ms) 0.5, 1, 2, 2.5, 4, 5Maximum Aggregate User CapacityError Floor 10-12Frequency Stability +7 ppmLink Security 96-bit Security Code, optional NIST FIPS-197 compliant 128-bit or 256-bit AES encryption.Mbps Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 38/10MHz 13 26 3816/20MHz 27 55 8132/40MHz 55 109 162

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios76 203591-0022009-12-18System Specifications, 4.9GHz BandFrequency Band 4940 to 4990MHzTunable Range 4945 to 4985MHzOutput Power (at full power) +21dBm, Mode 1+18dBm, Mode 2+16dBm, Mode 3Output Power (at minimum power) 0dBmSelectable Channel Bandwidths 10MHz, 20MHz, and 40MHza1a. Consult your country’s regulations or Exalt Communications to determine if 40MHz is allowedfor your application.Receiver Threshold (BER=10-6)Maximum RSL 0dBm no damageMode 1: -25dBm error-freeMode 2 & Mode 3: -30dBm error-freeNon-overlapping channels 10MHz: 5; 20MHz: 2; 40MHz: 1dBm Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 310MHz -86 -79 -7320MHz -83 -76 -7040MHza-80 -73 -67

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 772009-12-18System Specifications, 5.3GHz BandFrequency Band 5250 to 5350MHzTunable Range 5260 to 5332MHzOutput Power (at full power) +20dBm, Mode 1+18dBm, Mode 2+16dBm, Mode 3Output Power (at minimum power) 0dBmSelectable Channel Bandwidths 8MHz, 16MHz, 32MHzReceiver Threshold (BER=10-6)Maximum RSL 0dBm no damageMode 1: -25dBm error-freeMode 2 & Mode 3: -30dBm error-freeNon-overlapping channels 8/10MHz: 10; 16/20MHz: 5; 32/40MHz: 2dBm Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 38MHz -86 -79 -7316MHz -83 -76 -7032MHz -80 -73 -67

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios78 203591-0022009-12-18System Specifications, 5.4GHz BandFrequency Band 5470 to 5725 MHzTunable Range 5488 to 5715 MHzOutput Power (at full power) +20dBm, Mode 1+18dBm, Mode 2+16dBm, Mode 3Output Power (at minimum power) 0dBmSelectable Channel Bandwidths 8/10MHz, 16/20MHz, 32/40MHzReceiver Threshold (BER=10-6)Maximum RSL 0dBm no damageMode 1: -25dBmMode 2 and Mode 3: -30dBmNon-overlapping channels 8/10MHz: 29; 16/20MHz: 14; 32/40MHz: 7dBm Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 38MHz -86 -79 -7316MHz -83 -76 -7032MHz -80 -73 -67dBm Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 38MHz -86 -79 -7316MHz -83 -76 -7032MHz -80 -73 -67

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 792009-12-18System Specifications, 5.8GHz BandFrequency Band 5725 to 5875 MHzTunable Range 5731 to 5869 MHzOutput Power (at full power) +22dBm, Mode 1+18dBm, Mode 2+16dBm, Mode 3Output Power (at minimum power) 0dBmSelectable Channel Bandwidths 8/10MHz, 16/20MHz, 32/40MHzReceiver Threshold (BER=10-6)Maximum RSL 0dBm no damageMode 1: -25dBmMode 2 and Mode 3: -30dBmdBm Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 38MHz -86 -79 -7316MHz -83 -76 -7032MHz -80 -73 -67dBm Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 38MHz -86 -79 -7316MHz -83 -76 -7032MHz -80 -73 -67

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios80 203591-0022009-12-18Interfaces RF (rc models only)TDM (TDM models only) Ethernet (1 interface on xx00 models, 3 interfaces on xx05 models)Sync-InPower — DC Power Injector (sold separately)Power — AC adapter/injector (sold separately)Integrated Antenna (r-models only)Connector N-type femaleImpedance 50 OhmsConnector RJ-45 (RJ48C), femaleT1 Impedance 100 Ohms, balancedT1 Line Codes AMI, B8ZS, selectableT1 LBO Settings (in ft.) 0-133, 133-266, 266-399, 399-533, 533-655T1 Clocking Speed 1.544 MbpsT1 Compliance ANSI T1.102-1987; ITU-T; G.823; GR-49T-COREE1 Impedance 120 Ohms, balancedE1 Line Codes HDB3E1 Clocking Speed 2.048 MbpsE1 Compliance CEPT-1; G.703; ITU-T-G703Connectors RJ-45, female, auto-MDIXInterface Speed 10 or 100 MbpsDuplex Half, full, auto, selectableCompliance 802.3Connector RJ-45, femaleSignal 1pps (GPS)Connector on DC injector 6-pin barrier stripInput Voltage 48VDCDC Consumption <25 W (0.6A)Input 100-240VAC, 0.5AOutput 40W, 56VDCGain (midband) 23dBi3dB Beamwidth 10 degrees

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 812009-12-18Interface ConnectionsThis section provides the pin number assignment and wiring information for the connectors on the ExtendAir (TDD) radios. All connectors are shown as viewed from the radio rear panel, oriented with the PoE connector at the lower left corner.TDM ConnectionsOn models with TDM connections, there are two connectors for TDM; each connector has two TDM circuits available. Figure 43 illustrates the pin orientation and functionality of these connectors. Figure 43 TDM connectorsRSL & GPS Sync ConnectorThis connector can be used during the antenna alignment process, to provide a received signal level (RSL) voltage to a voltmeter. The connector is also used for connection to an optional Exalt GPS antenna for the purposes of GPS synchronization. Figure 44 illustrates the pin orientation and functionality for this connector.Pin Function1 Tip Out (from radio) – Ch.1 & 22 Ring Out (from radio) – Ch.1 & 23 Tip Out (from radio) – Ch.3 & 44 Tip In (to radio) – Ch.1 & 25 Ring In (to radio) – Ch.1 & 26 Ring Out (from radio) – Ch.3 & 47 Tip In (to radio) – Ch.3 & 48 Ring In (to radio) – Ch.3 & 4

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios82 203591-0022009-12-18Figure 44 RSL & GPS connectorPower/Ethernet ConnectorThis connector is the primary connector on the radio, and must be connected to provide power to the radio, and primary Ethernet communications for traffic and Ethernet. Figure 45 illustrates the pin orientation and functionality for this connector.Use a straight cable (wired as a standard Ethernet connection) for connection between the Power Injector and the PoE port of the radio. The wiring follows typical wiring for Power-over-Ethernet (PoE), however the power consumption requirement for the ExtendAir (TDD) radio does not allow for ‘standard’ (802.3af) PoE, and only the Exalt power injector shall be used. In addition, the Exalt power injector provides critical reset and alarm capability that would not be available from a generic PoE injector, even if the power consumption requirement is met.Figure 45 Power/Ethernet connectorPin Function1 +5V out to GPS antenna2Ground3 Tx Data to GPS antenna4 Enable signal to GPS antenna5 Rx Data from GPS antenna6 1pps signal from GPS antenna7 Received Signal Level (RSL)8 UnusedPin Function1 Paired with Pin 22 Paired with Pin 13 Paired with Pin 64 +DC Power (48V) In5 +DC Power (48V) In6 Paired with Pin 37 -DC Power (48V) In8 -DC Power (48V) In

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 832009-12-18AntennasTable 7 lists antennas supported by the 5GHz ExtendAir (TDD) models for use in the USA. In some countries, antennas exceeding a certain level of gain may be unlawful. Refer to RF Output Power Setting for details on regulatory limits.Table 7 Supported 5GHz antennasManufacturer Model # Description Midband Gain (dBi) 3dB (Azimuth/Elevation)Beamwidth (degrees)Andrew P2F-52-N 2-foot Dish 29.4 5.4Andrew PX2F-52-N 2-foot Xpol Dish 29.4 5.4Andrew P3F-52-N 3-foot Dish 33.4 3.8Andrew PX3F-52-N 3-foot Xpol Dish 33.4 3.8Andrew P4F-52-N 4-foot Dish 34.9 3.0Andrew PX4F-52-N 4-foot Xpol Dish 34.9 3.0Andrew HP2F-52-NPA 2-foot HP Dish 29.0 5.4Andrew HPX2F-52-NPA 2-foot Xpol HP 29.0 5.4Andrew HP3F-52-NPA 3-foot HP Dish 33.0 3.8Andrew HPX3F-52-NPA 3-foot Xpol HP 33.0 3.8Andrew HP4F-52-NPA 4-foot HP Dish 34.5 3.0Andrew HPX4F-52-NPA 4-foot Xpol HP 34.5 3.0Andrew HP6F-52-NPA 6-foot HP Dish 37.2 1.8Andrew HPX6F-52-NPA 6-foot Xpol HP 37.2 1.8Andrew FPA5250D06-N 6-inch Panel 18.0 19.3Andrew FPA5250D12-N 1-foot Panel 23.6 9.6Exalt (Integral) 1-foot Xpol Panel 20.0 15.0Gabriel DFPS.5-52 6-inch Panel 18.0 19.0Gabriel DFPD1-52 1-foot Panel 23.5 9.4Gabriel DFPD2-52 2-foot Panel 28.0 4.6Gabriel QF2-52-N 2-foot Dish 28.5 5.6Gabriel QF2.5-52-N 2.5-foot Dish 31.2 4.4Gabriel QF4-52-N 4-foot Dish 34.8 2.7Gabriel QFD2-52 2-foot Xpol Dish 28.4 5.6Gabriel QFD2.5-52 2.5-foot Xpol Dish 31.1 4.4Gabriel QFD4-52 4-foot Xpol Dish 34.7 2.7Gabriel HQF2-52-N 2-foot HP Dish 28.2 5.7Gabriel HQF4-52-N 4-foot HP Dish 34.4 2.8Gabriel HQF6-52-N 6-foot HP Dish 37.4 1.9Gabriel HQFD2-52 2-foot Xpol HP 28.1 5.7Gabriel HQFD2.5-52 2.5-foot Xpol HP 30.7 4.5Gabriel HQFD4-52 4-foot Xpol HP 34.3 2.8Gabriel HQFD6-52 6-foot Xpol HP 37.3 1.9MTI MT-485001 7.5-inch Panel 19.0 18.0MTI MT-485002 1-foot Panel 23.0 9.0MTI MT-486004 18-inch Panel 26.0 6.0

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios84 203591-0022009-12-18MTI MT-486001 2-foot Panel 28.0 4.5MTI MT-485005 7.5-inch Xpol 18.0 17.0MTI MT-485025 15-inch Xpol Panel 23.0 9.0Radio Waves FP.5-5-18 6-inch Panel 18.0 20.0Radio Waves FP1-5-24 1-foot Panel 23.8 10.0Radio Waves FP2-5-28 2-foot Panel 28.0 4.5Radio Waves FPD.5-5-18 6-inch Xpol Panel 18.0 20.0Radio Waves SP1-5.2 1-foot Dish 22.5 11.1Radio Waves SP2-5.2 2-foot Dish 29.0 6.1Radio Waves HP2-5.2 2-foot HP Dish 28.6 6.1Radio Waves SP3-5.2 3-foot Dish 32.0 4.0Radio Waves SP4-5.2 4-foot Dish 34.8 3.0Radio Waves SPD2-5.2 2-foot Xpol Dish 28.1 6.2Radio Waves SPD3-5.2 3-foot Xpol Dish 31.1 4.2Radio Waves SPD4-5.2 4-foot Xpol Dish 34.4 3.1Radio Waves SPD6-5.2 6-foot Xpol Dish 37.5 2.1RFS SPF2-52A 2-foot Dish 27.9 6.2RFS SPF3-52A 3-foot Dish 31.4 4.2RFS SPF4-52A 4-foot Dish 33.9 3.1RFS SPF6-52A 6-foot Dish 37.4 2.1RFS SDF4-52A 4-foot HP Dish 33.9 3.1RFS SDF6-52A 6-foot HP Dish 37.4 2.1RFS MA0528-19AN 7.5-inch Panel 19.0 18.0RFS MA0528-23AN 1-foot Panel 23.0 9.0RFS MA0528-28AN 2-foot Panel 28.0 4.5Table 7 Supported 5GHz antennas (Continued)Manufacturer Model # Description Midband Gain (dBi) 3dB (Azimuth/Elevation)Beamwidth (degrees)

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 852009-12-18TroubleshootingThis section provides information regarding troubleshooting of common issues and alarms on these radios. Exalt Digital Microwave Radio systems are designed by Exalt’s expert engineers with extensive experience through multiple generations of microwave radio design. These new-generation systems contain extensive diagnostic tools, alarm indications, and troubleshooting aids. And, as compared to other systems in their class, are easier to install, maintain, and troubleshoot. The GUI provides information to aid in troubleshooting (see Diagnostic Charts Page).Contact Exalt Customer Care for further assistance with issues with your Exalt radio and with suggestions on how the radio and documentation can be improved.General PracticesTroubleshooting a microwave radio link can be a complex task. Approach troubleshooting as a process of elimination, and first determine which portions of the system are operating properly.In a vast majority of cases, failures or poor performance of microwave links is attributed to something other than the microwave radio hardware. In this respect, the back-to-back bench test (see Back-to-back Bench Testing) is very important to determine if radio hardware is operating properly and eliminate many variables in the troubleshooting process.If a back-to-back bench test fails, then the radio hardware is either broken or the radios are improperly configured. Upgrade the radio to the most current release of firmware, and/or reset the radio to its critical factory settings, following the quick start guide instructions and those in Configuration and Management, helps to confirm if configuration issues cause failure. The most common issues with microwave radio links are:•An improperly terminated RF cable•Multipath propagation•RF interference•Path obstruction•Misaligned antenna•Faulty antenna•Improper grounding•Insufficient link margin in the design/implementation•Moisture in the transmission system (antenna feed and/or RF cable)If the radio link has been operating without issues and is exhibiting new poor performance behavior or becomes completely inoperative, the troubleshooting process should pay close attention to any conditions that may have changed between the time when the system was working without issue and the time when the issues started. Also, it can be helpful to compare some performance parameters of the system before and after the presence of issues. Often the source of the issues can be determined by thoughtful consideration of changes, such as:•Changes in weather, including high winds•Changes made to the radio equipment, transmission system, or connected equipment•New radio systems or electronic equipment the nearby radio or transmission system

Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios86 203591-0022009-12-18•New construction nearby either end of the link, or along the path•Tree growth, flooded fields, or changes in rivers/lakes along the pathVerify that configurations are set as follows:•RF matches at each end of the link•Bandwidth matches at each end of the link•Link distance matches at each end of the link•TDD Frame Length matches at each end of the link•Endpoint Identifier is different at each end of the link (one end Radio A, one end Radio B)•Ethernet interfaces are enabled, as desired•T1/E1 enabling matches at each end of the link•Link security key matches at each end of the linkAlso, use the ExaltCalc tool in the design phase to determine the optimum setting for the Bandwidth and TDD Frame Length parameters for the given link distance, and provides guidance to the expected RF link performance, as well as throughput, latency, and number of supported T1/E1 circuits.Typical Indications of IssuesIn many cases, microwave radio users do not notice changes or degradation to the radio system until the radio system fails completely or becomes highly errored or significantly intermittent. However, regular management of the radio system can help indicate changes in performance that have not yet impacted user performance, but may impact performance at a later date if left unchecked or unaddressed. The administrator can use this as an opportunity to be proactive and monitor the radio link performance regularly, watching for unexplained or unexpected changes in performance and trends in performance changes.Most importantly, monitoring radio system RSL over time indicates the performance of the radio system. Address any long-term drop in RSL and erratic or unsteady RSL. Some RSL changes are expected and weather patterns and the related multipath can cause dramatic RSL changes resulting in system outage. However, that outage should not occur at a significantly greater rate than the designed long-term performance. Consult the path design engineer for more information about link reliability expectations and anticipated RSL deviation.In addition, regular inspection of the transmission system (RF cables and antennas) and paying close attention to changes along the path, such as construction or tree height, or new microwave radio installations nearby, can be extremely helpful and proactive.When link performance is very poor, alarms on the radio front panel and within the radio’s management system indicates particular failures. Consult this manual for more information on the specific alarms and diagnostics, or contact Exalt Customer Care for assistance. Exalt Customer Care is primarily motivated to determine if the radio hardware is faulty and require return for repair, and to help execute an effective and efficient repair and return process for radio terminals believed to be faulty. However, Exalt Customer Care provides advice regarding the total radio system and RF path engineering and environment, and advises on troubleshooting. End users should first contact the installer and/or designer of the system. In many cases, an in-depth understanding of RF design is required, and on-site analysis and special test equipment, may be necessary. Compared to phone support from Exalt Customer Care, troubleshooting is much more

$Exalt Installation and Management GuideExtendAir (TDD) Series Digital Microwave Radios203591-002 872009-12-18expeditious if the professional installer and/or link designer examines the system and reviews the management information in the GUI. In turn, if the professional installer and/or link designer contacts Exalt Customer Care, the process to rectify the system is much more expedient due to the in-depth knowledge related to the implementation and the RF environment.Improper RF Cable TerminationImproper RF cable termination is a very common problem. In many cases, this is a problem that occurs during installation and is not a problem that suddenly appears. However, if cables are moved or flexed, especially near the termination points, and radio errors, changes in RSL, or other performance issues occur, this is a certain sign of this issue. Another relatively easy method to test for this condition is to decrease the output power of the radio system (at each end, one end at a time). A poor RF cable termination may be reflecting too much RF energy back into the radio system, and reducing output power reduces the reflected energy at a faster rate than the transmitted energy towards the far end. Be careful not to reduce the output power to the point where the radio’s threshold is reached. Typically, a reduction of just 3 to 6dB is enough to determine if this is the issue. If the reduction of output power clears the error condition, this is the likely cause.Use a reflectometer or meter that can read VSWR at the operating frequency to identify poor terminations as well as poor antenna feeds.Multipath PropagationMultipath propagation is a term that encompasses changes to the RF path, such as reflections and/or refraction, causing partial or complete destruction of the radio signal, and thus excessive bit errors and/or system outages. Rapid changes in temperature, inversion layers, humidity, air pressure, water evaporation, as well as standing water or moisture on objects along the path are all examples of changes that can cause multipath propagation. New building construction near either end of the path or along the path can cause new reflection characteristics.If your system has been operating without issue and is suddenly experiencing issues that are symptomatic of a certain time of day or related to change in climatic events or some of the external factors listed above, this is likely the cause. Consult a professional RF path engineer in these cases. Often, minor repositioning of the antennas at either or both ends can reduce or eliminate these problems.RF InterferenceRF interference is usually indicative of another radio system nearby either end of your radio system or aimed towards one or both ends of your radio system – usually at or near the same frequency and usually with a similar signal level.Other forms of RF interference also exist, such as electronic equipment placed close to the radio chassis or transmitters that couple onto the cabling or grounding system of the radio. Microwave ovens and wireless communication devices used near the equipment or cabling are examples of electronic equipment interference.Note: The Praxsym VSWR meter is an excellent tool for this purpose.$

Exalt Wireless 104P94N 4.9 GHz Radio Module User Manual Manual

Exalt Communications Inc. 4.9 GHz Radio Module Manual

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