Carlson Wireless Technologies I-WLL-T Rooftop Fixed Direct Sequence WLL Transceiver User Manual 2 12 pub

Carlson Wireless Technologies Inc Rooftop Fixed Direct Sequence WLL Transceiver 2 12 pub

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Contents

1. Professional Manual
2. Users Manual

Users Manual

Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 16 CARLSON WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES, Inc. CARLSON WIRELESS USA USA Headquarters: 1180-B Evergreen Road P.O. Box 2400 Redway, CA 95560 USA Tel: +1 707 923 3000 Fax: +1 707 923 1913 Email sales@wireless-telephone.com URL http://www.wireless-telephone.com DISTRIBUTED BY: About Carlson Wireless Technologies Inc. Carlson Wireless Technologies, Inc. was formed in March 1999 as a privately held corporation based in Redway, Cali-fornia. Carlson Wireless Technologies (CWT) is dedicated to designing, manufacturing and marketing state-of-the-art digi-tal WLL (wireless local loop) telephone systems that provide high-quality voice and data for rural and remote telephone users worldwide. CWT was founded by James Carlson fol-lowing a 15-month product development by a team of engi-neers at Carlson Engineering Services (CES),. In 1999 CWT purchased the rights to the digital wireless telephone system designed by CES. CWT will market and manufacture the product, which has been named "The i-WLL Internet-Ready, All-Digital Wireless Remote Telephone Link." CWT is marketing the i-WLL product through established telecom and wireless equipment distributors. Please contact our sales department +1 707 923 3000, or sales@wireless-telephone.com for more information. Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 1 INSTALLATION and USERS MANUAL for Model i-WLL– T Trailblazer 2 Line Caution! - Please read the sections on Unpacking, Planning, and Installation be-fore installing this equipment Trailblazer with Integral Antenna

Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 14 Radio interference Carlson Wireless USA Model: i-WLL-Trailblazer This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful in-terference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Changes of modification not expressly approved by the party responsible for compli-ance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. Compliance and US Regulatory Information Connection to the Telephone Network The equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules. You will find the label located on the device. This label contains the FCC Registration Number and the Ringer Equivalence Number ((REN) for this equipment. You must, upon request, provide this information to your telephone com-pany. The REN is useful to determine the quantity of devices you may connect to your telephone line and still have all of those devices ring when you telephone number is called. In most, but not all, areas, the sum of the REN’s of all devices connected to one line should not exceed five (5.0). To be certain of the number of devices you may connect to your tele-phone line , as determined by the REN, you should call your local tele-phone company to determine the maximum REN for your calling area. Incidence of Harm If your telephone equipment cause harm to the telephone network, the telephone company may disconnect your service temporarily. If possible, they will notify you in advance. But if advance notice is not practical, you will be notified as soon as possible. You will be informed of your right to file a compliant with the FCC. Rights of the Telephone Company Your telephone company may make change in its facilities, equipment, operations or procedures that could affect the proper functioning of your equipment. If they do, you will be notified in advance to give you an op-portunity to maintain uninterrupted telephone service. Coin Service or Party Use Line This equipment may not be used on the coin service provided by the tele-phone company. Connection to party lines is subject to state tariffs. Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 3 UNPACKING The i-WLL-Trailblazer system will arrive in one box approximately 19 x 15x 13 inches (47 x 37 x 32 cm). Small amounts of feed cable and/or power supplies may also be included in this box if ordered. Caution! Observe static precautions when wiring or handling circuit boards. We provide secondary lightening protection only. Unless your feed cable is very short (less than 50 ft total) you will need a primary gas discharge type lightening protector also. At the office side of connection your telephone provider should have installed a primary protector. There are nylon standoffs holding the antenna element to the reflector plate. These are fragile and can easily be over-tightened. They are set to a specific torque and if over-tightened may fail. SCOPE OF MANUAL This manual is designed to support the installation, operation and mainte-nance of the i-WLL–Trailblazer All-Digital Remote Wireless Telephone Link. To avoid harm to persons or damage to the product please ensure that you have read through the unpacking and installation sections before R.F. SAFETY HAZARD WARNING This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment when installed as directed. This equipment should be installed and operated with fix-mounted antennas that are installed with a minimum of 2 meters of separation between the antenna and all persons body during normal operation.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 4 The i-WLL breakthrough offers many advantages not found in the market today: •Never needs tuning because i-WLL is a 100% digital, self-configuring, eight channel system. This simplifies installation and greatly reduces the need for maintenance and service over time. •Complete privacy is assured by the fully encrypted, spread-spectrum modulation scheme. •Highly efficient spectrum use from a unique combination of FDMA and CDMA. •Seamless integration with the global telephone network assured by i-WLL’s worldwide ISDN system architecture with full 144 kbps band-width. •No individual license needed for operation - the i-WLL Trailblazer uses the globally license-exempt 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band. •Flexible voltage – low power usage - just 2 to 4 Watts at any DC volt-age between 12 and 48V. •Small, lightweight, self-contained units make the Trailblazer easy to install. FXO (central office) and FXS (subscriber) units - include all electronics, antenna and RF cabling and are housed in a weather-proof enclosure just 8h x 10w x 5d inches (22h x 27w x 13d cm) . PRODUCT OVERVIEW The i-WLL-T All-Digital, Internet-Ready, Remote Phone Link is a dual line, point-to-point, spread spectrum telephone system that delivers v.34 data rates, providing email and Internet web surfing from your remote PC - as well as high-quality voice! And both lines are fully independent and will transmit either voice or data. Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 13 RF PERFORMANCE Frequency Range RF Channels Spreading Method Modulation Spreading Codes Processing Gain ERP (Effective Radiated Power) Receive Sensitivity System Range BMD8 USA – 27773-PT-E OPA-I-WLL 3448-10241A 3448-391166A 2400 to 2483.5 MHz 6 operational + 1 administrative Direct Sequence BPSK 4 12 dB 16 +14 = 30 dBm -95 dBm @10-6 BER 14 miles (22 km) w/ 13 dB fade PHYSICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS Enclosure Material Dimensions ( inches) Dimensions (cm) Shipping Wt (system complete) Shipping Size (inches) Shipping Size (cm) Operating Temp Humidity Shock and Vibration Exposure to the Elements GE Valox w/ neoprene gasket 8 1/2 w x 10 1/2 lg x 5 dp 22 w x 27 lg x 13 dp 18 lbs (8 kg) 19 x 15 x 13 47 x 37 x 32 -30 to +60 degrees C 10 to 95% non-condensing Mil standard 810 D Nema 4X, all except submerged WARRANTY 2 years parts and labor CERTIFICATIONS AND REGULATORY FCC Reg No., Part 68 FCC Reg No., Part 15 Industry Canada CS-03 Industry Canada RSS-210/139 Specification subject to change without notice

Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 12 Voice Coding Signaling Modem Support Fax Support Digital Interface Idle Channel Noise End-to-End System Latency SPECIFICATIONS BASEBAND PERFORMANCE Uncompressed 64 kb/s PCM DTMF is passed through up to V.34-1996, (33.6 kb/s) up to G4, unrestricted Asynchronous, RS-232, DCE -68 dBm max (20 dBrnCo) 5 ms typical NETWORK INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS - FXO or Central Office Line Impedance Maximum Loop Length Ring Equivalent Number Ring Detect 2 Wire Return Loss (ERL) 900 Ohm +2.16 uF, loop start 1500 Ohms 0.3B 40-110 Vrms, 17-34 Hz Greater than 20 dB Line Impedance Loop Current Maximum Loop Length Ringing Voltage Ringing Frequency Ringing Load 2 Wire Return Loss (ERL) NETWORK INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS - FXS or Subscriber 600 Ohm, loop start 27 mA fixed 600 Ohms including instrument 86 Vrms Modified Sq Wave 20 Hz standard., 16, 25 Hz opt 5 REN-B max (5 Watts) Greater than 20 dB POWER REQUIREMENTS & CONSUMPTION Filtered DC Absolute Minimum / Maximum FXS End, On-Hook FXS End, 2 Lines Off-Hook FXO End - On or Off-Hook 12 to 48 volts 10 to 55 volts 2 Watts max 4 Watts typ 2 Watts max Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 5 SYSTEM PLANNING Certain requirements are necessary for the i-WLL-Trailblazer system to function. (1) A radio path with losses fitting within the capacity of the system. What’s an acceptable “Link Margin“? One accepted theory is that 10 dB of fade margin will deliver a 90% reliability and 20 dB wi ll deliver a 99% reliability etc.. There are other factors that affect this including multipath and polarization. At 2.4 GHz there is only a small ground wave compo-nent involved in the radio propagation. This means that the above num-bers are presuming clear LOS (line of sight) and first Fresnel zone. Multi-path occurs when a reflector such as earth’s terrain or man made struc-tures cause additional delayed signals to be received. If a reflected signal was delayed 180 degrees out of phase with the line of sight signal, and the magnitudes are the same, they will cancel out completely! In the real world, if you do have line of sight path, multi-path degradation is the rea-son why you need a minimum of 16 to 20 dB of margin. If you don’t have line of sight, multi-path could easily cause 16 dB of degradation. Fade Margin Chart The above chart shows various antenna and distance combinations. The external antenna option is only available through professionally trained dealers. Distance Distance Antenna Gain Frequency Path Loss ERP Link Margin in miles in km in dBi in GHz in dB in dBm in dB1.5 2.4 14.0 2.45 108 30 322.0 3.2 14.0 2.45 110 30 305.0 8.0 14.0 2.45 118 30 227.0 11.3 14.0 2.45 121 30 198.0 12.9 14.0 2.45 122 30 1710.0 16.1 14.0 2.45 124 30 1612.0 19.3 14.0 2.45 126 30 1414.0 22.5 14.0 2.45 127 30 1320.0 32.2 14.0 2.45 130 30 1020.0 32.2 20.0 2.45 130 36 2230.0 48.3 23.0 2.45 134 39 2450.0 80.5 27.0 2.45 138 43 28* Note: external antennas used for 20, 30 and 50 mile paths

Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 6 (2) Other users of the 2.400 to 2.483 GHz ISM band. The ISM or Industrial, Scientific, and Medical band, is shared with many other type of services. Some examples follow: Video Transmitters These devices use analog radios which are usually fixed in frequency, 6 to 10 MHz bandwidth, low power with an ERP* of less then +10dBm. Cordless phones These devices are narrow band and fixed in frequency (during each use), a 1 to 2 MHz bandwidth, low power with an ERP of less then +10dBm. Local Area Network (Lan) Bridges These devices are true spread spectrum devices, either a 1 MHz band-width frequency hopping (FH) over the complete band or a CDMA type of a 16 MHz bandwidth and stationary. ERP’s can range up into the +30’s (dBm). Microwave ovens We have measured typical consumer microwave oven outputs at levels up to +20dBm ERP. This consists of narrow less than 1 MHz wide spikes, sweeping wildly in frequency due to the circulators built into the ovens. The higher power spikes were mostly concentrated in the upper half of the band between 2450 and 2485 MHz. Fortunately few of the users are located in rural areas, leaving sharing concerns down to consumer micro-wave ovens, LAN’s and other rural telephone users. The functionality of the i-WLL Trailblazer system depends on the existing and forecasted spectrum usage in the radio path. Due to the characteristics of the spread spectrum radio, the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) was able to coordinate this band globally for unlicensed use. This means that any user has to accept all other users in this band, interfering or not. How this impacts the CDMA/FDMA technology used in the I-WLL. If the interfering signal is stationary and has a bandwidth less than 3 MHz it will not create any significant problem even if it is 100 times (20dB) stronger than the receive threshold. If the interfering signal has a band-width wider than 4 MHz and is 10 times (10dB) stronger than the receive threshold, it can render that channel(s) unusable. If the interfering signal is hopping from frequency to frequency throughout the band such as the Lan bridge device and is only 1/10 (–10dB) as strong as the receive threshold, it can cause significant dropouts. Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 11 TROUBLESHOOTING The outcome of the installation is dependent on the weakest link. Five things are paramount to his system working well: (1) An acceptable radio path (2) Other users of the 2.4 GHz ISM band. (3) Customer’s wiring of power and telephone circuits (4) Antenna alignment within +/- 10 degrees for i-WLL-Trailblazer (5) Quality of the telephone lines from the telephone company (6) Quality of the power supplies. If the system appears dead, with no tones audible on the subscriber phone, look for a wiring fault. You can test for loop voltage at the FXS end by measuring the voltage on each line. Each should be 30 VDC. Next would be checking the DC current used by each unit. For example the FXS unit with 16 Volts provided should draw (2W / 16V) ~125 mA. at idle and ~300 mA with both lines off hook. This test is very useful to prove out the wiring. Next , check to see that the radio located under the daughter card is all the way inserted into it’s socket by ejecting it and reinserting at the same time seating the antenna connector into the radio. Next, it will be important to confirm that a local test at the FXO base site was done. If not, you will need to bring the FXS unit back to the base site and temporarily connect the FXS unit up and confirm proper local opera-tion. If the system cuts in and out, or fails to draw dial tone, look for an align-ment problem or path obstruction. Also you should check to see if not in a rural area you may have a congested frequency band. If you are having cross-talk between lines, examine the phone cabling making sure it is individually twisted pairs, preferably with a Category 5 rating. If after checking the above, you are still having problems please contact our sales dept. for technical assistance by phone or email. A note about the power supplies: The FXO unit will draw 2W off hook or idle. The FXS will draw 2W idle and 4W with both lines off hook. We sug-gest over-sizing the supplies by at least 3 times. For example a 15 volt filtered DC switching type supply @ 1.00 Amp. It is much more likely to survive power fluctuations and environmental temperatures and the extra voltage above 12 allows for losses in the feed wire.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 10 (4) Rough alignment. This is usually easier then it would seem. Since it is a prerequisite that you have line of sight between the two points, here are several ideas that have worked for installers: (1) If you can see the other unit, simply aim the units towards each other. (2) During midday, use a mirror or compact disk to create a reflection ap-proximately towards the other site while someone watches for the flash. (3) Plot out the path on a topo map and set the antennas using a com-pass. How close in alignment do they need to be? +/- 10 degrees will be adequate for most paths using the 14 dB gain antenna. Certain paths that have a low fade margin may require a more accurate setting. Final alignment. This is usually done by connecting a standard cordless phone to the FXS or FXO end, and then give a best guess to the direc-tion, establish a connection and rotating the antennas both right and left noting the points where the signal disappears, (assuming that it does) and then centering them between those cutoff points. Photo showing assembly of mount and adjustment screws Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 7 (4) Mounting structure. Warning! Use extreme caution to avoid contact with any high volt-age power lines when constructing antenna structures! The enclosure is designed to mount on a steel vertical mast, with an ac-tual outside diameter of 1.3 to 2.5 inches ( 3 to 6 cm ). This mast must locate the radiating element at least 6.6 feet (2 m) from any persons, not move significantly in any anticipated wind and must be connected with a bare copper #8 AWG wire to a copper clad ground rod driven at least 6.6 feet (2 m) into moist earth. (3) Availability of telephone service and power. The I-WLL-Trailblazer system consists of two units. One is designed to connect to the standard phone lines provided by a local telephone com-pany office (FXO side) and the other connects to the telephone instru-ments such as; DTMF (touch tone) telephones, fax machines, and com-puter modems (FXS side) via individually twisted pair phone/data cable. The system is very flexible about voltage requirements. 12 to 48 Volts DC with the current being inversely proportional to the voltage, the power use being approximately 2 Watts for the FXO side, in any state, and 2 to 4 Watts for the FXS side depending on usage state. We recommend over-sizing the supply by 1.5 to 2 times. Depending on the length, most instal-lations can use 4 twisted pair, #22 AWG feed cable. This will drop about 1 volt per 100 feet of length. To allow for most voltage drop situations we recommend a 15 volt, 1 A power supplies. We minimize the interference from these devices through intelligent chan-nel selection and external directional antennas. Intelligent Channel Selection Our system needs about 10 MHz of clear bandwidth to operate properly. If the system experiences undesirable interference levels the next call will be chosen on a different channel. If the system experiences minimal inter-ference levels then that channel will remain as a favorite. This is similar to what we have seen in some of the more sophisticated cordless tele-phones. A very directional antenna For professionally trained dealers we have we have a much tighter beam-width antenna utilizing a parabolic grid design. This antenna provides very high side and rear signal rejection and only adds a small percentage of cost of the system.

Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 8 INSTALLATION Note that the installation of the FXO and FSO units are quite similar (1) Connecting the feed cable to the outside unit. Begin by removing the 4 front cover screws. Now remove 2 upper screws holding the hinged backplate. The backplate will now hinge down exposing the electronics section. Notice there are 2 circuit boards stacked together. The top board contains the digital radio and interface with the lower board containing the power supply and analog interface. There are two screw down terminal blocks on the left side. One block has 2 connections and it is where the DC power supply connects. The other block has 4 connections, for tele-phone lines 1 and 2. The following diagram shows how to wire the con-nectors. TIMESAVER TIP! By installing the FXO unit first, you can test the sys-tem locally by temporarily connecting the FXS unit up at the FXO site and proving your connections. This can greatly simplify any trouble shooting you may have later. Carlson Wireless USA revision 2.12 Page 9 (3) Lightning protection. Grounding of the drain wire: For feed cable runs of less than 35 feet (10m) and not located in a highly active lightning area, connecting the bare drain wire to a copper clad ground rod driven at least 6 feet (2m) into moist earth with a short copper #8 AWG wire at the point of the terminal block may suffice. The antenna mast must also be grounded in the same fashion by a separate grounding rod. However if the run is longer than 35 feet or the location is in a highly active lightning area then a standard 3 way gas tube protector must be added. Connect-ing information on this device is provided by its manufacturer. (2) Connecting the feed cable to the inside equipment. Inside the building the feed cable is brought out to a terminal block con-sisting of 4 pairs of screw down connections. The following diagram shows how to wire the connectors. Frequently the pair used for power may be paralleled with the 4th spare pair to allow less voltage loss in the feed cable especially if the run is longer than 100 feet.

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