Cambium Networks XN4 Wireless LAN Array User Manual xirrus PDF

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All rights reserved. This document may not be reproduced or disclosed in whole or in part by any means without the written consent of Xirrus, Inc.Part Number: 800-0006-001(Revision W) Wi-Fi ArrayXN16, XN12, XN8, XN4XS16, XS12, XS8, XS4XS-3900, XS-3700, XS-3500™

Wi-Fi ArrayTable of Contents iTable of ContentsList of Figures.................................................................................... xiiiIntroduction ......................................................................................... 1The Xirrus Family of Products ............................................................................... 2Nomenclature .................................................................................................... 4About this User’s Guide .......................................................................................... 4Organization ...................................................................................................... 4Notes and Cautions .......................................................................................... 6Screen Images .................................................................................................... 6Your User’s Guide as a PDF Document ........................................................ 6Hyperlinks ......................................................................................................... 7Window or Page? .............................................................................................. 7Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array? ................................................................... 7Wi-Fi Array Product Overview ............................................................................. 9Enterprise Class Security ................................................................................. 9Wi-Fi Array Product Family ......................................................................... 10XN Family of Arrays ............................................................................... 10XS Family of Arrays ................................................................................ 11Deployment Flexibility .................................................................................. 12Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional) ................................ 13Enterprise Class Management ...................................................................... 14Key Features and Benefits ..................................................................................... 16High Capacity and High Performance ........................................................ 16Extended Coverage ......................................................................................... 17Flexible Coverage Schemes .................................................................... 18Non-Overlapping Channels .......................................................................... 18Secure Wireless Access .................................................................................. 18Applications Enablement .............................................................................. 19SDMA Optimization ...................................................................................... 19Fast Roaming ................................................................................................... 19Easy Deployment ............................................................................................ 19Product Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8 ............................................... 20Product Specifications—XN4 ............................................................................... 27

Wi-Fi Arrayii Table of ContentsProduct Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700 ........................................................................................................... 34Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500 ............................................................... 40Installing the Wi-Fi Array ................................................................. 45Installation Prerequisites ...................................................................................... 45Optional Network Components ................................................................... 47Client Requirements ....................................................................................... 47Planning Your Installation .................................................................................... 48General Deployment Considerations .......................................................... 48Coverage and Capacity Planning ................................................................. 50Placement .................................................................................................. 50RF Patterns ................................................................................................ 51Capacity and Cell Sizes ........................................................................... 52Fine Tuning Cell Sizes ............................................................................. 53Roaming Considerations ........................................................................ 54Allocating Channels ................................................................................ 54Deployment Examples ............................................................................ 57IEEE 802.11n Deployment Considerations ................................................. 59MIMO (Multiple-In Multiple-Out) ........................................................ 60Multiple Data Streams—Spatial Multiplexing .................................... 62Channel Bonding ..................................................................................... 63Improved MAC Throughput ................................................................. 64Short Guard Interval ............................................................................... 64Obtaining Higher Data Rates ................................................................. 65802.11n Capacity ...................................................................................... 66Failover Planning ............................................................................................ 67Port Failover Protection .......................................................................... 67Switch Failover Protection ..................................................................... 68Power Planning ............................................................................................... 69AC Power .................................................................................................. 69Power over Gigabit Ethernet ................................................................. 69Security Planning ............................................................................................ 70Wireless Encryption ................................................................................ 70Authentication ......................................................................................... 70Meeting PCI DSS Standards ................................................................... 71Meeting FIPS Standards ......................................................................... 71

Wi-Fi ArrayTable of Contents iiiPort Requirements .......................................................................................... 72Network Management Planning .................................................................. 75WDS Planning ................................................................................................. 76Common Deployment Options .................................................................... 79Installation Workflow ........................................................................................... 80Unpacking the Wi-Fi Array .................................................................................. 81Installing Your Wi-Fi Array .................................................................................. 83Choosing a Location ....................................................................................... 83Wiring Considerations ............................................................................ 84Mounting the Array on a Ceiling ................................................................. 86Attaching the T-Bar Clips to the Template .......................................... 86Secure the T-Bar Clips to the Ceiling Support Grid ........................... 87Installing the Mounting Plate ................................................................ 88Connecting the Cables—AC Option ..................................................... 89Connecting the Cables—PoGE Option ................................................ 90Attaching the Array to the Mounting Plate ......................................... 92Securing the Array ................................................................................... 94Dismounting the Array ........................................................................... 95Mounting Array on a Wall (All models except 4-port Arrays) ................ 96Kit Contents (Wall Mount Assembly) .................................................. 96Tools Required ......................................................................................... 96Mark the Wall Position ........................................................................... 97Install the SNAPTOGGLE™ Toggle Bolts ........................................... 98Attach the Mounting Plate to the Wall Mounting Bracket ................ 99Attach the Wall Mounting Bracket/Plate Assembly to the Wall ..... 99Mount the Array .................................................................................... 100Mounting the Wi-Fi Array on a Wall (XS4 and XS-3500) ....................... 101Kit Contents (Wall Mount Assembly) ................................................ 101Tools Required ....................................................................................... 101Mark the Wall Position ......................................................................... 102Install the SNAPTOGGLE™ Toggle Bolts ......................................... 102Attach the Mounting Plate to the Wall Mounting Bracket .............. 104Attach the Wall Mounting Bracket/Plate Assembly to the Wall ... 105Mount the Array .................................................................................... 106Removing the Array .............................................................................. 107Powering Up the Wi-Fi Array ............................................................................ 107Array LED Operating Sequences ............................................................... 108

Wi-Fi Arrayiv Table of ContentsLED Boot Sequence ............................................................................... 108LED Operation when Array is Running ............................................ 109Establishing Communication with the Array .................................................. 110Using the Serial Port ..................................................................................... 110Using the Ethernet Ports .............................................................................. 110Logging In ...................................................................................................... 111Performing the Express Setup Procedure ......................................................... 112Procedure for Performing an Express Setup ............................................ 113The Web Management Interface ................................................ 119An Overview ........................................................................................................ 120Structure of the WMI ........................................................................................... 121User Interface ....................................................................................................... 123Utility Buttons ........................................................................................ 124Logging In ............................................................................................................. 126Applying Configuration Changes ..................................................................... 126Viewing Status on the Wi-Fi Array............................................... 127Array Status Windows ........................................................................................ 127Array Summary ............................................................................................ 128Content of the Array Summary Window .......................................... 128Array Information ........................................................................................ 131Array Configuration ..................................................................................... 132Admin History .............................................................................................. 133Network Status Windows ................................................................................... 133Network Map ................................................................................................ 134Content of the Network Map Window .............................................. 134Spanning Tree Status .................................................................................... 136Routing Table ................................................................................................ 138ARP Table ...................................................................................................... 138DHCP Leases ................................................................................................. 139Connection Tracking/NAT ......................................................................... 140CDP Neighbors ............................................................................................. 141RF Monitor Windows .......................................................................................... 142IAPs ................................................................................................................. 143Spectrum Analyzer ...................................................................................... 144Intrusion Detection ...................................................................................... 148

Wi-Fi ArrayTable of Contents vStation Status Windows ...................................................................................... 150Stations ........................................................................................................... 151Location Map ................................................................................................. 152RSSI ................................................................................................................. 158Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) ........................................................................ 160Noise Floor ..................................................................................................... 162Max by IAP .................................................................................................... 164Statistics Windows ............................................................................................... 165IAP Statistics Summary ................................................................................ 165Per-IAP Statistics ........................................................................................... 166Network Statistics ......................................................................................... 168VLAN Statistics ............................................................................................. 169WDS Statistics ................................................................................................ 170Filter Statistics ............................................................................................... 171Station Statistics ............................................................................................ 171Per-Station Statistics ..................................................................................... 172System Log Window ........................................................................................... 173Configuring the Wi-Fi Array .......................................................... 175Express Setup ........................................................................................................ 176Network ................................................................................................................. 182Network Interfaces ...................................................................................... 183Network Interface Ports ........................................................................ 184DNS Settings .................................................................................................. 190CDP Settings .................................................................................................. 191Services .................................................................................................................. 193Time Settings (NTP) ..................................................................................... 194NetFlow .......................................................................................................... 196System Log ..................................................................................................... 197SNMP .............................................................................................................. 200DHCP Server ................................................................................................. 203VLANs ................................................................................................................... 205Understanding Virtual Tunnels .......................................................... 205VLAN Management ..................................................................................... 207Security .................................................................................................................. 209Understanding Security ........................................................................ 210Certificates and Connecting Securely to the WMI ............................ 213

Wi-Fi Arrayvi Table of ContentsUsing the Array’s Default Certificate ................................................. 213Using an External Certificate Authority ............................................. 214Admin Management .................................................................................... 215Admin RADIUS ............................................................................................ 216About Creating Admin Accounts on the RADIUS Server .............. 217Management Control ................................................................................... 219Access Control List ....................................................................................... 223Global Settings .............................................................................................. 225External Radius ............................................................................................. 228Internal Radius .............................................................................................. 231Rogue Control List ........................................................................................ 233SSIDs ...................................................................................................................... 235Understanding SSIDs ............................................................................ 236Understanding QoS Priority on the Wi-Fi Array .............................. 237SSID Management ........................................................................................ 240SSID List (top of page) .......................................................................... 240SSID Limits ............................................................................................. 243Web Page Redirect Configuration Settings ........................................ 244Groups ................................................................................................................... 247Understanding Groups ......................................................................... 247Using Groups ......................................................................................... 248Group Management ..................................................................................... 249Group Limits .......................................................................................... 251IAPs ........................................................................................................................ 253Understanding Fast Roaming .............................................................. 254IAP Settings ................................................................................................... 255Global Settings (IAP) ................................................................................... 260Beacon Configuration ........................................................................... 262Station Management ............................................................................. 262Advanced Traffic Optimization .......................................................... 263Global Settings .11a ...................................................................................... 267Global Settings .11bg .................................................................................... 269Global Settings .11n ...................................................................................... 273Advanced RF Settings .................................................................................. 275About Standby Mode ............................................................................ 275About Blocking Rogue APs .................................................................. 276RF Intrusion Detection .......................................................................... 277

Wi-Fi ArrayTable of Contents viiRF Resilience .......................................................................................... 278RF Power & Sensitivity ......................................................................... 279RF Spectrum Management ................................................................... 280LED Settings .................................................................................................. 283WDS ....................................................................................................................... 285About Configuring WDS Links ........................................................... 285WDS Client Links .......................................................................................... 287Filters ..................................................................................................................... 289Filter Lists ...................................................................................................... 290Filter Management ....................................................................................... 291Using Tools on the Wi-Fi Array..................................................... 295System Tools ......................................................................................................... 296System ..................................................................................................... 297Configuration ......................................................................................... 298Diagnostics ............................................................................................. 299Web Page Redirect ................................................................................. 300Tools ........................................................................................................ 301Progress and Status Frames ................................................................. 303CLI ......................................................................................................................... 303Logout .................................................................................................................... 305The Command Line Interface...................................................... 307Establishing a Secure Shell (SSH) Connection ................................................. 307Getting Started with the CLI .............................................................................. 309Inputting Commands ................................................................................... 309Getting Help .................................................................................................. 309Top Level Commands ......................................................................................... 311Root Command Prompt ............................................................................... 311configure Commands ................................................................................... 312show Commands .......................................................................................... 315statistics Commands ..................................................................................... 318Configuration Commands .................................................................................. 320acl .................................................................................................................... 320admin .............................................................................................................. 321cdp ................................................................................................................... 322clear ................................................................................................................. 323

Wi-Fi Arrayviii Table of Contentscontact-info .................................................................................................... 324date-time ........................................................................................................ 325dhcp-server .................................................................................................... 326dns ................................................................................................................... 327file .................................................................................................................... 328filter ................................................................................................................. 331fips ................................................................................................................... 333group .............................................................................................................. 334hostname ........................................................................................................ 334https ................................................................................................................ 335interface .......................................................................................................... 336license ............................................................................................................. 337load ................................................................................................................. 337location ........................................................................................................... 338management .................................................................................................. 338more ................................................................................................................ 338netflow ............................................................................................................ 339no ..................................................................................................................... 340pci-audit ......................................................................................................... 342quit .................................................................................................................. 343radius-server .................................................................................................. 343reboot .............................................................................................................. 344reset ................................................................................................................. 344run-tests .......................................................................................................... 345security ........................................................................................................... 347snmp ............................................................................................................... 348ssh .................................................................................................................... 348ssid .................................................................................................................. 350standby ........................................................................................................... 350syslog .............................................................................................................. 351telnet ............................................................................................................... 353uptime ............................................................................................................. 353vlan .................................................................................................................. 354Sample Configuration Tasks .............................................................................. 355Configuring a Simple Open Global SSID .................................................. 356Configuring a Global SSID using WPA-PEAP ......................................... 357Configuring an SSID-Specific SSID using WPA-PEAP ........................... 358

Wi-Fi ArrayTable of Contents ixEnabling Global IAPs ................................................................................... 359Disabling Global IAPs .................................................................................. 360Enabling a Specific IAP ................................................................................ 361Disabling a Specific IAP ............................................................................... 362Setting Cell Size Auto-Configuration for All IAPs .................................. 363Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs ................................................................ 364Setting the Cell Size for a Specific IAP ....................................................... 365Configuring VLANs on an Open SSID ...................................................... 366Configuring Radio Assurance Mode (Loopback Tests) .......................... 367Appendices..................................................................................... 369Appendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi Array ............................................................. 371Removing the Access Panel ................................................................................ 373Reinstalling the Access Panel ............................................................................. 376Replacing the FLASH Memory Module ........................................................... 378Replacing the Main System Memory ................................................................ 380Replacing the Integrated Access Point Radio Module ................................... 382Replacing the Power Supply Module ............................................................... 385Appendix B: Quick Reference Guide ............................................................... 387Factory Default Settings ...................................................................................... 387Host Name ..................................................................................................... 387Network Interfaces ....................................................................................... 387Serial ........................................................................................................ 387Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 ......................................................................... 388Fast Ethernet ........................................................................................... 388Integrated Access Points (IAPs) .................................................................. 389Server Settings ............................................................................................... 390NTP .......................................................................................................... 390Syslog ...................................................................................................... 390SNMP ...................................................................................................... 390DHCP .............................................................................................................. 391Default SSID .................................................................................................. 391Security .......................................................................................................... 392Global Settings - Encryption ............................................................... 392External RADIUS (Global) .................................................................. 392Internal RADIUS .................................................................................... 393

Wi-Fi Arrayx Table of ContentsAdministrator Account and Password ...................................................... 394Management .................................................................................................. 394Keyboard Shortcuts ............................................................................................. 394Appendix C: Technical Support ........................................................................ 397General Hints and Tips ....................................................................................... 397Frequently Asked Questions .............................................................................. 398Multiple SSIDs ............................................................................................... 398Security ........................................................................................................... 400VLAN Support .............................................................................................. 403Array Monitor and Radio Assurance Capabilities .......................................... 406Enabling Monitoring on the Array ..................................................... 406How Monitoring Works ............................................................................... 406Radio Assurance ........................................................................................... 407Radio Assurance Options ..................................................................... 408Upgrading the Array via CLI ............................................................................. 409Sample Output for the Upgrade Procedure: ............................................. 410Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix ....................................... 414Determining If an XS-3700 or XS-3900 is Modified for PoGE ......... 416Contact Information ............................................................................................ 417Appendix D: Implementing PCI DSS ............................................................... 419Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard Overview .......................... 419PCI DSS and Wireless .......................................................................................... 420The Xirrus Array PCI Compliance Configuration .......................................... 421The pci-audit Command ..................................................................................... 422Additional Resources .......................................................................................... 423Appendix E: Implementing FIPS Security ....................................................... 425Appendix F: Notices ........................................................................................... 433Notices ................................................................................................................... 433EU Directive 1999/5/EC Compliance Information ........................................ 436Safety Warnings ................................................................................................... 443Translated Safety Warnings ............................................................................... 444Software Warranty and License Agreement .................................................... 445Hardware Warranty Agreement ....................................................................... 452

Wi-Fi ArrayTable of Contents xiGlossary of Terms.......................................................................... 455Index................................................................................................ 467

Wi-Fi ArrayList of Figures xiiiList of FiguresFigure 1. Xirrus Arrays............................................................................................... 2Figure 2. The Xirrus Management System .............................................................. 3Figure 3. Wi-Fi Array (XN16).................................................................................... 9Figure 4. Wireless Coverage Patterns .................................................................... 12Figure 5. XP8 - Power over Ethernet Usage .......................................................... 13Figure 6. WMI: Array Status.................................................................................... 14Figure 7. Layout of IAPs (XN16)............................................................................. 16Figure 8. Naming of IAPs (XS16)............................................................................ 17Figure 9. Coverage Schemes ................................................................................... 18Figure 10. Wall Thickness Considerations .............................................................. 49Figure 11. Unit Placement.......................................................................................... 50Figure 12. Full (Normal) Coverage........................................................................... 51Figure 13. Adjusting RF Patterns.............................................................................. 51Figure 14. Custom Coverage ..................................................................................... 52Figure 15. Connection Rate vs. Distance.................................................................. 52Figure 16. Transmit Power......................................................................................... 53Figure 17. Overlapping Cells..................................................................................... 54Figure 18. Allocating Channels Manually............................................................... 56Figure 19. Deployment Scenario (54 Mbps)—Per Sector ...................................... 57Figure 20. Deployment Scenario (36 Mbps)—Per Sector ...................................... 57Figure 21. Deployment Scenario (18 Mbps)—Per Sector ...................................... 58Figure 22. Classic 802.11 Signal Transmission........................................................ 60Figure 23. MIMO Signal Processing......................................................................... 61Figure 24. Spatial Multiplexing................................................................................. 62Figure 25. Channel Bonding...................................................................................... 63Figure 26. MAC Throughput Improvements.......................................................... 64Figure 27. Computing 802.11n Data Rates .............................................................. 65Figure 28. 802.11n Increases Capacity...................................................................... 66Figure 29. Port Failover Protection........................................................................... 67Figure 30. Switch Failover Protection ...................................................................... 68Figure 31. Port Requirements for XMS .................................................................... 72Figure 32. WDS Link................................................................................................... 76Figure 33. A Multiple Hop WDS Connection ......................................................... 77Figure 34. WDS Failover Protection ......................................................................... 77

Wi-Fi Arrayxiv List of FiguresFigure 35. Installation Workflow .............................................................................. 80Figure 36. Array Placement ....................................................................................... 83Figure 37. Attaching the T-Bar Clips to the Template ........................................... 86Figure 38. Attaching the T-Bar Clips to the Ceiling Grid...................................... 87Figure 39. Installing the Mounting Plate ................................................................. 88Figure 40. Connecting the Cables ............................................................................. 89Figure 41. Connecting the Cables (PoGE—XS8/XS12/XS16) .............................. 90Figure 42. Connecting the Cable (PoGE—XS4) ...................................................... 91Figure 43. Attaching the Unit (XS4 shown)............................................................. 92Figure 44. Attaching the Unit (XS-3900) .................................................................. 93Figure 45. Securing the Array.................................................................................... 94Figure 46. IAP Positions (XS16 shown).................................................................... 95Figure 47. Wall Mount—Marking the Holes........................................................... 97Figure 48. Installing the Toggle Bolts....................................................................... 98Figure 49. Attaching the Wall Mounting Plate ....................................................... 99Figure 50. Mounting the Array on a Wall ............................................................. 100Figure 51. Wall Mount—Marking the Holes......................................................... 102Figure 52. Installing the Toggle Bolts..................................................................... 103Figure 53. Attaching the Array Mounting Plate................................................... 104Figure 54. Attaching the Wall Mounting Bracket to the Wall ............................ 105Figure 55. Mounting the Array on a Wall ............................................................. 106Figure 56. LED Locations (XS-3900) ....................................................................... 107Figure 57. Network Interface Ports......................................................................... 110Figure 58. Express Setup.......................................................................................... 112Figure 59. LEDs are Switched On........................................................................... 117Figure 60. Web Management Interface.................................................................. 120Figure 61. WMI: Frames........................................................................................... 123Figure 62. WMI: Utility Buttons.............................................................................. 124Figure 63. Feedback Form........................................................................................ 125Figure 64. Logging In to the Wi-Fi Array .............................................................. 126Figure 65. Array Summary ...................................................................................... 128Figure 66. Disabled IAP (Partial View).................................................................. 129Figure 67. IAP Cells .................................................................................................. 130Figure 68. Array Information .................................................................................. 131Figure 69. Show Configuration ............................................................................... 132Figure 70. Admin Login History............................................................................. 133Figure 71. Network Map.......................................................................................... 134

Wi-Fi ArrayList of Figures xvFigure 72. Spanning Tree Status.............................................................................. 137Figure 73. Routing Table.......................................................................................... 138Figure 74. ARP Table ................................................................................................ 138Figure 75. DHCP Leases........................................................................................... 139Figure 76. Connection Tracking.............................................................................. 140Figure 77. CDP Neighbors....................................................................................... 141Figure 78. RF Monitor—IAPs.................................................................................. 143Figure 79. RF Spectrum Analyzer........................................................................... 145Figure 80. Intrusion Detection/Rogue AP List..................................................... 148Figure 81. Stations..................................................................................................... 151Figure 82. Location Map........................................................................................... 153Figure 83. Controls for Location Map.................................................................... 154Figure 84. Minimizing stations................................................................................ 155Figure 85. Setting Array location on a Custom Image......................................... 157Figure 86. Station RSSI Values ................................................................................ 158Figure 87. Station RSSI Values—Colorized Graphical View .............................. 159Figure 88. Station Signal-to-Noise Ratio Values................................................... 160Figure 89. Station SNR Values—Colorized Graphical View .............................. 161Figure 90. Station Noise Floor Values.................................................................... 162Figure 91. Station Noise Floor Values—Colorized Graphical View.................. 163Figure 92. Max by IAP.............................................................................................. 164Figure 93. IAP Statistics Summary Page................................................................ 166Figure 94. Individual IAP Statistics Page (for IAP abg(n)1) ............................... 167Figure 95. Network Statistics................................................................................... 168Figure 96. VLAN Statistics....................................................................................... 169Figure 97. WDS Statistics ......................................................................................... 170Figure 98. Filter Statistics ......................................................................................... 171Figure 99. Station Statistics ...................................................................................... 171Figure 100. Individual Station Statistics Page......................................................... 172Figure 101. System Log ............................................................................................. 173Figure 102. WMI: Express Setup............................................................................... 176Figure 103. LEDs are Switched On........................................................................... 181Figure 104. Network Interfaces................................................................................. 182Figure 105. Network Settings .................................................................................... 183Figure 106. Network Interface Ports......................................................................... 184Figure 107. Port Modes (a-b) ..................................................................................... 186Figure 108. Port Modes (c-d) ..................................................................................... 187

Wi-Fi Arrayxvi List of FiguresFigure 109. Port Modes (e-f) ...................................................................................... 188Figure 110. DNS Settings............................................................................................ 190Figure 111. CDP Settings............................................................................................ 191Figure 112. Services..................................................................................................... 193Figure 113. Time Settings (Manual Time)................................................................ 194Figure 114. Time Settings (NTP Time Enabled)...................................................... 195Figure 115. NetFlow.................................................................................................... 196Figure 116. System Log .............................................................................................. 197Figure 117. SNMP ....................................................................................................... 200Figure 118. DHCP Management............................................................................... 203Figure 119. VLANs...................................................................................................... 205Figure 120. VLAN Management............................................................................... 207Figure 121. Security..................................................................................................... 209Figure 122. Import Xirrus Certificate Authority..................................................... 214Figure 123. Admin Management .............................................................................. 215Figure 124. Admin RADIUS...................................................................................... 217Figure 125. Management Control ............................................................................. 219Figure 126. Access Control List................................................................................. 223Figure 127. Global Settings (Security) ...................................................................... 225Figure 128. External RADIUS Server ....................................................................... 228Figure 129. Internal RADIUS Server ........................................................................ 231Figure 130. Rogue Control List ................................................................................. 233Figure 131. SSIDs......................................................................................................... 235Figure 132. Four Traffic Classes................................................................................ 237Figure 133. SSID Management.................................................................................. 240Figure 134. WPR Internal Splash Page Fields (SSID Management)..................... 245Figure 135. Groups...................................................................................................... 247Figure 136. Group Management ............................................................................... 249Figure 137. IAPs........................................................................................................... 253Figure 138. IAP Settings ............................................................................................. 255Figure 139. Global Settings (IAPs)............................................................................ 260Figure 140. Global Settings .11a ................................................................................ 267Figure 141. Global Settings .11bg.............................................................................. 269Figure 142. Global Settings .11n................................................................................ 273Figure 143. Advanced RF Settings............................................................................ 275Figure 144. LED Settings............................................................................................ 283Figure 145. WDS.......................................................................................................... 285

Wi-Fi ArrayList of Figures xviiFigure 146. .Configuring a WDS Link...................................................................... 286Figure 147. WDS Client Links ................................................................................... 287Figure 148. Filters........................................................................................................ 289Figure 149. Filter Lists ................................................................................................ 290Figure 150. Filter Management ................................................................................. 291Figure 151. System Tools............................................................................................ 296Figure 152. Saving the Diagnostic Log..................................................................... 299Figure 153. Managing WPR Splash/Login page files............................................ 300Figure 154. System Command (Ping)....................................................................... 301Figure 155. Radius Ping Output................................................................................ 302Figure 156. CLI Window............................................................................................ 304Figure 157. Login Window ........................................................................................ 305Figure 158. Logging In................................................................................................ 308Figure 159. Help Window.......................................................................................... 309Figure 160. Full Help .................................................................................................. 310Figure 161. Partial Help.............................................................................................. 310Figure 162. Configuring a Simple Open Global SSID............................................ 356Figure 163. Configuring a Global SSID using WPA-PEAP................................... 357Figure 164. Configuring an SSID-Specific SSID using WPA-PEAP..................... 358Figure 165. Enabling Global IAPs............................................................................. 359Figure 166. Disabling Global IAPs............................................................................ 360Figure 167. Enabling a Specific IAP.......................................................................... 361Figure 168. Disabling a Specific IAP......................................................................... 362Figure 169. Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs.......................................................... 363Figure 170. Setting the Cell Size for All IAPs.......................................................... 364Figure 171. Setting the Cell Size for a Specific IAP ................................................ 365Figure 172. Configuring VLANs on an Open SSID................................................ 366Figure 173. Configuring Radio Assurance Mode (Loopback Testing)................ 368Figure 174. Disconnecting Power from the Array.................................................. 371Figure 175. Removing the Access Panel Screws..................................................... 373Figure 176. Removing the Access Panel .................................................................. 374Figure 177. Disconnecting the Power Supply and Fan.......................................... 374Figure 178. Reconnecting the Fan and Power Supply ........................................... 376Figure 179. Reinstalling the Access Panel................................................................ 376Figure 180. Removing the FLASH Memory Module............................................. 378Figure 181. Removing the DIMM Memory Module .............................................. 380Figure 182. Removing the Chassis Cover Screws................................................... 382

Wi-Fi Arrayxviii List of FiguresFigure 183. Removing the Chassis Cover................................................................ 382Figure 184. Lifting the Integrated Access Point Module....................................... 383Figure 185. Disconnect the Integrated Access Point Module ............................... 383Figure 186. Installing a New Access Panel (with Power Supply)........................ 385Figure 187. XN8/XN12/XN16/XS8/XS12/XS16: Integrated Splitter ................ 416Figure 188. Determining if XS-37000/3900 is modified ........................................ 416Figure 189. Sample output of pci-audit command................................................. 423Figure 190. Applying Three Seals to XS16/XS12/XS8 or XS-3900/XS-3700...... 426Figure 191. Applying Two Tamper-evident seals to the XS4 or XS-3500 ........... 427Figure 192. SSID Management Window................................................................. 428Figure 193. Security/Global Settings Window....................................................... 429Figure 194. Security/Management Control Window............................................ 430Figure 195. Services/SNMP Window ...................................................................... 430Figure 196. IAPs/Global Settings Screen................................................................. 431

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 1IntroductionThese topics introduce the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array, including an overview of its key features and benefits, and a detailed listing of the product’s physical, environmental, technology and regulatory specifications. z“The Xirrus Family of Products” on page 2.z“About this User’s Guide” on page 4.z“Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?” on page 7.z“Wi-Fi Array Product Overview” on page 9.z“Key Features and Benefits” on page 16.z“Product Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8” on page 20. z“Product Specifications—XN4” on page 27. z“Product Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700” on page 34. z“Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500” on page 40.

Wi-Fi Array2 IntroductionThe Xirrus Family of ProductsFigure 1. Xirrus ArraysThe Xirrus family of products includes the following:zThe XS Series of Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays (XS16 / XS12 / XS8 / XS4)XS Arrays integrate multiple Integrated Access Points—radios with high-gain directional antennas for increased range and coverage. The Array also incorporates an onboard multi-gigabit switch, Wi-Fi controller, and firewall into a single device, along with a dedicated Wi-Fi threat sensor and an embedded spectrum analyzer. The Wi-Fi Array provides more than enough bandwidth, security, and control to replace switched Ethernet to the desktop as the primary network connection. The XS16 has 16 IAPs, the XS12 has 12 IAPs, the XS8 has 8 IAPs, and the XS4 has 4 IAPs.zThe XN Series of Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays (XN16 / XN12 / XN8 / XN4)The newest Xirrus Wi-Fi Arrays add the speed and reach of IEEE 802.11n technology to the XS series of Arrays. The XN Series of Arrays feature the capacity and performance needed to replace switched Ethernet to the desktop. The XN16 has 16 IAPs, the XN12 has 12 IAPs, the XN8 has 8 IAPs, and the XN4 has 4 IAPs.

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 3zXirrus Management System (XMS)XMS is used for managing large Array deployments from a centralized Web-based interface. The XMS server is available pre-installed on the Xirrus XM-33xx-CC Management Platform Series, or as a software package (XA-3300-CC) to be installed on your own server hardware.Figure 2 illustrates the elements of the Xirrus Management System. Users start the XMS client simply by entering the URL of the XMS server on a web browser. The XMS server manages a number of Wi-Fi Arrays via SNMP. Figure 2. The Xirrus Management SystemIf you need detailed information about this product, refer to the XMS User’s Guide, part number 800-0007-001.zXirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE)The PoGE modules eliminate the need for running separate power cabling. Additionally, an eight port module provides distributed power to multiple Arrays, facilitating backup power when connected via a UPS.

Wi-Fi Array4 IntroductionNomenclatureThroughout this User’s Guide, the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array is also referred to as simply the Array. In some instances, the terms product and unit are also used. When discussing specific products from the Xirrus family, the product name is used (for example, XN16, XS12, or XS-3500). The Wi-Fi Array’s operating system is referred to as the ArrayOS. The Web Management Interface for browser-based management of the Array is referred to as WMI. The XS series of Arrays have two types of radios—the 5 GHz 802.11a radios are named a1 to a12 (for 16-port models). The 802.11a/b/g radios are named abg1 to abg4, and they support both 2.4GHz and 5 GHz. The XN series of Arrays also have two types of radios—the 5 GHz 802.11a/n radios are named an1 through an12 (for 16-port models). The 802.11a/b/g/n radios are named abgn1 to abgn4, and they also support both 2.4GHz and 5 GHz. When referring to a port that may be on either an XN or XS model, the nomenclature abg(n) and a(n) will be used, e.g., abg(n)2 or a(n)6. The Xirrus Management System is referred to as XMS. The Power over Gigabit Ethernet system may be referred to as PoGE.About this User’s GuideThis User’s Guide provides detailed information and procedures that will enable wireless network administrators to install, configure and manage the Wi-Fi Array so that end users can take full advantage of the product’s features and functionality without technical assistance.OrganizationTopics and procedures are organized by function under the following chapter headings: zIntroductionProvides a brief introduction to wireless technology, an overview of the product, including its key features and benefits, and presents the product specifications.

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 5zInstalling the Wi-Fi ArrayDefines prerequisites for deploying and installing the Array and provides instructions to help you plan and complete a successful installation.zThe Web Management InterfaceOffers an overview of the product’s embedded Web Management Interface, including its content and structure. It emphasizes what you need to do to ensure that any configuration changes you make are applied, and provides a list of restricted characters. It also includes instructions for logging in to the Array with your Web browser.zViewing Status on the Wi-Fi ArrayDescribes the status and statistics displays available on the Array using its embedded Web Management Interface. zConfiguring the Wi-Fi ArrayContains procedures for configuring the Array using its embedded Web Management Interface. zUsing Tools on the Wi-Fi ArrayContains procedures for using utility tools provided in the Web Management Interface. It includes procedures for upgrading the system firmware, uploading and downloading configurations and other files, using diagnostic tools, and resetting the Array to its factory defaults.zThe Command Line InterfaceIncludes the commands and the command structure used by the Wi-Fi Array’s Command Line Interface (CLI), and provides a procedure for establishing a Telnet connection to the Array. This chapter also includes some sample key configuration tasks using the CLI.zAppendix A: Servicing the Wi-Fi ArrayContains procedures for servicing the Array, including the removal and reinstallation of major hardware components.zAppendix B: Quick Reference GuideContains the product’s factory default settings.

Wi-Fi Array6 IntroductionzAppendix C: Technical SupportOffers guidance to resolve technical issues, including general hints and tips to enhance your product experience, and a procedure for isolating problems within an Array-enabled wireless network. Also includes Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) and Xirrus contact information.zAppendix D: Implementing PCI DSSDiscusses meeting security standards with the Array, including FIPS and PCI DSS.zAppendix F: NoticesContains the legal notices, licensing, and compliance statements for the Array. Please read this section carefully.zGlossary of TermsProvides an explanation of terms directly related to Xirrus product technology, organized alphabetically.zIndexThe index is a valuable information search tool. Use the index to locate specific topics discussed in this User’s Guide. Simply click on any page number in the index to jump to the referenced topic.Notes and CautionsThe following symbols are used throughout this User’s Guide: Screen ImagesSome screen images of the Web Management Interface have been modified for clarity. For example, an image may have been cropped to highlight a specific area of the screen, and/or sample data may be included in some fields.Your User’s Guide as a PDF Document#This symbol is used for general notes that provide useful supplemental information.!This symbol is used for cautions. Cautions provide critical information that may adversely affect the performance of the product.

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 7This User’s Guide is also made available as a secure PDF (Portable Document Format) file and can be viewed using the Adobe® Acrobat Reader® product. It cannot be edited or modified. If you don’t have Acrobat Reader, you can downloaded it free-of-charge from: http://www.adobe.com.HyperlinksIf you click on body text that appears in the color TEAL (with the exception of headings or notes) the embedded hyperlink within the text will immediately take you to the referenced destination. All internal and external cross-references, including page numbers within the List of Figures and the Index, have associated hyperlinks. After “jumping” to a referenced topic, if you want to return to the previous page (reference source), simply click on Acrobat’s previous page button.Window or Page?Is a window a page, or is a page a window? There seems to be some dispute as to what the correct term should be. For the sake of consistency, this document uses the term Window when referring to how the Wi-Fi Array’s Web Management Interface is displayed on your monitor.Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?The deployment of wireless LANs is becoming increasingly common as businesses strive for greater flexibility in the workplace and the need for employee mobility rises. The only requirements for an effective wireless deployment are a power source, a couple of screws, and a little imagination.Wireless LAN is also fully compatible with standard Ethernet protocols, so connectivity with existing wired infrastructures is transparent to users—they can still access and use the same applications and network services that they use when plugged into the company’s wired LAN infrastructure (it’s only the plug that no longer exists).Wireless LAN has come a long way in the past few years and now offers the performance, reliability and security that Enterprise customers have come to expect from their networks. The technology is being driven by four major IEEE standards:

Wi-Fi Array8 Introductionz802.11aOperates in the 5 GHz range with a maximum speed of 54 Mbps.z802.11bOperates in the 2.4 GHz range with a maximum speed of 11 Mbps. z802.11gSupports a higher transmission speed of 54 Mbps in the 2.4 GHz range and is backwards compatible with 802.11b.z802.11nUses multiple antennas per radio to boost transmission speed as high as 300 Mbps, increasing throughput, range, and maximum number of users. 802.11n is backwards compatible with 802.11a/b/g.Whether you have just a handful of users or thousands of users, wireless has the scalability and flexibility to serve your needs.See AlsoKey Features and BenefitsWi-Fi Array Product OverviewProduct Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500Product Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700The Xirrus Family of Products

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 9Wi-Fi Array Product OverviewPart of the family of Xirrus products, the Wi-Fi Array is a high capacity, multi-mode device designed for the Enterprise market, with twice the range and up to eight times the capacity of competitive wireless products.Figure 3. Wi-Fi Array (XN16)The Wi-Fi Array (regardless of the product model) is Wi-Fi® compliant and simultaneously supports 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g clients. XN model arrays add the enhanced abilities of 802.11n to this combination. Enterprise class features such as VLAN support and multiple SSID capability enable robust network compatibility and a high level of scalability and system control. The optional Xirrus Management System (XMS) allows global management of hundreds of Arrays from a central location.Multiple versions of the Array with different numbers of Integrated Access Points (IAPs) support a variety of deployment applications: 16 IAPs (XN16, XS16, XS-3900), 12 IAPs (XN12, XS12), 8 IAPs (XN8, XS8, XS-3700), and 4 IAPs (XN4, XS4, XS-3500). Enterprise Class SecurityThe latest and most effective wireless encryption security standards, including WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2 with 802.11i AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) are provided with the Wi-Fi Array. In addition, the use of an embedded RADIUS server (or 802.1x with an external RADIUS server) ensures user authentication—multiple Arrays can authenticate to the optional XMS, ensuring only authorized Arrays become part of the wireless network. Rogue AP

Wi-Fi Array10 Introductiondetection, site monitoring, and RF spectrum analysis are performed in the background by the Array automatically.Wi-Fi Array Product FamilyThe following tables provide an overview of the main features supported by the Wi-Fi Array product family.XN Family of Arrays Feature XN16 XN12 XN8 XN4Number of802.11a/b/g/n radios4444Number of802.11a/n radios12840Tota l radi os 16 12 8 4Number ofintegrated antennas48 36 24 12Integrated Wi-Fi switch ports 16 12 8 4Integrated RF spectrum analyzer, threat sensors Yes Yes Yes YesUplink Ports 2221Wi-Fi bandwidth 4.8 Gbps 3.6 Gbps 2.4 Gbps 1.2 GbpsUsers supported 1,024 768 512 256

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 11XS Family of Arrays See AlsoKey Features and BenefitsWi-Fi Array Product OverviewProduct Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500Product Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional)Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?Feature XS16, XS-3900 XS12 XS8, XS-3700XS4, XS-3500Number of802.11a/b/g radios4444Number of802.11a radios12840Tota l rad ios 16 12 8 4Integrated Wi-Fi switch ports 16 12 8 4Integrated RF spectrum analyzer and threat sensorsYes Yes Yes YesUplink Ports 2221Wi-Fi bandwidth 864 Mb 648 Mb 432 Mb 216 MbUsers supported 1,024 768 512 256

Wi-Fi Array12 IntroductionDeployment FlexibilityXirrus’ unique multi-radio architecture generates 360 degrees of sectored high-gain 802.11a/b/g/n or 802.11a/b/g coverage that provides extended range and the highest possible data rates for a large volume of clients. Each sector can be controlled automatically or manually, creating a pattern of wireless coverage perfectly tailored to individual customer needs. For example:Figure 4. Wireless Coverage PatternsFigure 4 depicts the following two scenarios:zFull pattern coverageAll radios are activated with coverage spanning 360 degrees. If within range, clients will always receive coverage regardless of their geographic position relative to the Array.zPartial pattern coverageIf desired, the Wi-Fi Array can be deployed close to an exterior wall. In this case, half of all available radios have been deactivated to prevent redundant signals from “bleeding” beyond the site’s perimeter wall. This configuration may also be used in those cases where you want to restrict wireless coverage to selected areas of the building’s interior.See also, “Flexible Coverage Schemes” on page 18.outside wall

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 13Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional)The Xirrus XP1 and XP8 Power over Gigabit Ethernet modules provide power to your Arrays over the same Cat 5e or Cat 6 cable used for data, eliminating the need to run power cables and provide an AC power outlet in proximity to each unit.Figure 5. XP8 - Power over Ethernet UsageSpecific models of the Array are compatible with specific PoGE modules. For details, please see “Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix” on page 414. See AlsoKey Features and BenefitsWi-Fi Array Product OverviewProduct Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500Product Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700The Xirrus Family of ProductsWhy Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?

Wi-Fi Array14 IntroductionEnterprise Class Management The Wi-Fi Array can be configured with its default RF settings, or the RF settings can be customized using the Array’s embedded Web Management Interface (WMI). The WMI enables easy configuration and control from a graphical console, along with a full compliment of troubleshooting tools and statistics.Figure 6. WMI: Array StatusIn addition, a fully featured Command Line Interface (CLI) offers IT professionals a familiar management and control environment. SNMP (Simple Network

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 15Management Protocol) is also supported to allow management from an SNMP compliant management tool, such as the optional Xirrus Management System.See AlsoKey Features and BenefitsProduct Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8Product Specifications—XN4Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500Product Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional)The Xirrus Family of ProductsWhy Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?#For deployments of more than five Arrays, we recommend that you use the Xirrus Management System (XMS). The XMS offers a rich set of features for fine control over large deployments.

Wi-Fi Array16 IntroductionKey Features and BenefitsThis section describes some of the key product features and the benefits you can expect when deploying the Wi-Fi Array (the XN16 product is highlighted in this section). High Capacity and High Performance Figure 7. Layout of IAPs (XN16)The XN16 version of the Wi-Fi Array (Figure 7) easily handles time-sensitive traffic such as voice, and can enable wireless connectivity for 1,024 users. The unit includes two Gigabit uplink ports for connection to the wired network. A total of sixteen IAPs provides a maximum wireless capacity of 4.8 Gbps, which offers ample reserves for the high demands of current and future applications. Of the sixteen IAPs, twelve operate as 802.11a/n radios (5 GHz band), and four operate as 802.11a/b/g/n radios (5 GHz or 2.4 GHz bands), providing backwards compatibility with 802.11b and 802.11g.an1abgn1an2an3an4abgn2 an5an6an7abgn3an8an9an10abgn4an11an12Mode(s) IAP numberabgn2 (RF monitoring)

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 17In the recommended configuration, IAP (radio) abg(n)2 is configured in RF monitoring and rogue AP detection mode.Figure 8. Naming of IAPs (XS16)Extended CoverageOne XN16 solution enables you to replace up to sixteen access points (includes one omnidirectional IAP for monitoring the network). Fifteen IAP radios with integrated directional antennas provide increased wireless range and enhanced data rates in all directions. With a Wi-Fi Array deployed, far fewer access points are needed and wired-like resiliency is delivered throughout your wireless network. Your Wi-Fi Array deployment ensures:zContinuous connectivity if an IAP (radio) fails.zContinuous connectivity if an Array fails.zContinuous connectivity if a WDS link or switch fails.zContinuous connectivity if a Gigabit uplink or switch fails.a1abg1a2a3a4abg2 a5a6a7abg3a8a9a10abg4a11a12Mode(s) IAP numberabg2 (RF monitoring)

Wi-Fi Array18 IntroductionFlexible Coverage SchemesYour Wi-Fi Array offers flexible coverage schemes for each wireless technology.Figure 9. Coverage Schemes z802.11a/n, 802.11aDelivers 60° wireless coverage per IAP, with 6 dBi of gain.z802.11b/g/n, 802.11b/gDelivers 180° wireless coverage, with 3 dBi of gain.z802.11a/b/g/n, 802.11a/b/g (monitor only)Delivers 360° wireless coverage, with 2 dBi of gain.Non-Overlapping ChannelsComplete use of non-overlapping channels limits interference and delivers maximum capacity. On the XN16, up to 16 non-overlapping channels are fully utilized across the 5GHz and 2.4GHz spectrums (up to 12 across the 5GHz spectrum plus up to 3 across the 2.4 GHz spectrum—typically, one additional radio is used as a dedicated RF monitor).Secure Wireless AccessMultiple layers of authentication and encryption ensure secure data transmissions. The Wi-Fi Array is 802.11i compliant with encryption support for 40 bit and 128 bit WEP, WPA and WPA2 with TKIP and AES encryption. Authentication support is provided via 802.1x, including PEAP, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, and LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) passthrough.802.11a/nMonitor only802.11a/b/g/n

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 19Applications EnablementQoS (Quality of Service) functionality combined with true switch capabilities enable high density video and Voice over Wireless LAN deployments. Compliant with 802.1p and 802.1Q standards. SDMA OptimizationSDMA (Spatial Division Multiple Access) technology provides full 360° coverage while allowing independent channel and power output customization. Also supports fast inter-zone handoffs for time-sensitive applications and roaming support.Fast RoamingUtilizes the Xirrus Roaming Protocol (XRP) ensuring fast and seamless roaming capabilities between IAPs or Arrays at both Layer 2 and Layer 3.Easy DeploymentThe Xirrus Management System (XMS) offers real time monitoring and management capabilities of the wireless network—ideal for the Enterprise market. It also allows you to import floor plans to help you plan your deployment. The Xirrus Wi-Fi Array chassis has a plenum rated, lockable and tamper resistant case.See AlsoWi-Fi Array Product OverviewProduct Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500)Product Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional)The Xirrus Family of ProductsWhy Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?

Wi-Fi Array20 IntroductionProduct Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8Element SpecificationsNumber of Users Maximum of 64 associated users per radio XN16: 1024 users per Array XN12: 768 users per Array XN8: 512 users per Array Physical Diameter: 18.65 inches (47.37 cm)Height: 3.87 inches (9.83 cm)Weight: 10 lbs (3.63 kg) Environmental Operating Temperature:0°C to 55°C0% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing)Storage Temperature:-20°C to 60°C5% to 95% relative humidity (non-condensing)System 1 GHz CPU 1 GB RAM 1 GB system flash Integrated Switch 2.1 Gbps integrated wireless switch Chassis Lockable mounting plate, Kensington lock slot

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 21Electrical Each Array supports both AC and PoGE AC Input Power: 100-240VAC at 50-60 Hz PoGE (DC) Input Power: Power over Gigabit Ethernet—no splitter required, 48VDC, Maximum 2ANominal Power:XN16: 90W XN12: 75W XN8: 60W All Models:For PoGE, see “Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix” on page 414.Interfaces Serial Console Port:1 x RS232 – RJ45 connector, for local configurationEthernet Interfaces:2 x Gigabit 100/1000 Mbps uplink ports for link aggregation, redundancy, or bridging 1 x Fast Ethernet 10/100 Mbps, for out of band managementStatus LEDs:System status, Ethernet, RadioNetworking DHCP client, DHCP server (multiple DHCP pools), DNS Client, NTP client, NAT Element Specifications

Wi-Fi Array22 IntroductionManagement Xirrus Management System (XMS)—Layer 3 Element Management SystemHTTPS Web Management Interface (WMI)CLI via SSHv2, Telnet, local serial ConsoleEnable/disable management for any interfaceRead-write and read-only admin accounts may be authenticated via RADIUSSNMP v2c, v3Configuration Files—text-based files may be imported, exported, or comparedNetFlow—IP flow information (traffic statistics may be sent to an external CollectorFTP, TFTPSyslog reporting for alerts/alarms—messages may be stored on internal Syslog server or sent to up to three external syslog servers. Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)—obtain protocol addresses and platform information for neighboring devicesQuality of Service (QoS) SupportMultiple SSIDs:16 unique SSIDs per ArrayEach SSID beacons a unique BSSID per radio VLAN and QoS settings for each SSIDVLANs:Up to 16 VLANs, 802.1Q, 802.1pPrioritization:802.11e wireless prioritization802.1p wired prioritizationFair queuing of downstream trafficWireless Voice Support:Spectralink Voice Priority (SVP) protocol Element Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 23Security Wireless EncryptionLine speed, hardware-accelerated encryption modes:WPA TKIPWPA2 AESWEP 40/64WEP 104/128Wireless Authentication:OpenPre-shared Key802.1X EAPPEAPEAP-TLSEAP-TTLSEAP-LEAP Pass-throughWeb Page Redirect (Captive Portal)MAC Address Access Control List (ACL)CHAP, PAPFirewall:Integrated stateful-inspection, rules-based firewallIDS/IPS:Integrates with Xirrus XDM Intrusion Detection/ Prevention System for real-time wireless security protectionRogue AP detection and blocking:Integrated Rogue AP detection and alerting via dedicated internal RF Threat Sensor. Rogue AP can be shieldedIntegrated RADIUS Server:Integrated 802.1x Authentication Server supporting EAP-PEAPElement Specifications

Wi-Fi Array24 IntroductionSecurity (continued)Time of Day Access:Specify when access is allowed, per SSID or User GroupStation-Station Blocking:Station-to-Station traffic blocking optionWireless Wireless Standards:802.11a802.11b802.11d802.11g802.11e802.11h802.11i802.11j802.11nNumber of Radios:XN16: 12 x 802.11a/n radios4 x 802.11a/b/g/n radiosOnly 12 radios should be used as 802.11a/n radios (i.e., 5 GHz band) concurrently.48 integrated antennasXN12: 8 x 802.11a/n radios4 x 802.11a/b/g/n radios36 integrated antennasXN8: 4 x 802.11a/n radios4 x 802.11a/b/g/n radiosAdvanced RF design includes 36 integrated antennasSpectrum Analyzer:1 integrated into ArrayElement Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 25Wireless (continued)Frequency Bands: 11a/n: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band)11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1)11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC)11a/n: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2)11a/n: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI)11a/n: 5.725-5.825 GHz (UNII 3)11b/g/n: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC)11b/g/n: 2.412-2.472 GHz (ETSI)11b/g/n: 2.412-2.484 GHz (TELEC)Channel Selection:Manual and Automatic802.11a/n AntennasIntegrated 6dBi, sectorized802.11b/g/n AntennasIntegrated 3dBi, sectorizedWi-Fi Monitoring:1 Integrated Access Point can be set as a dedicated Wi-Fi Threat Sensor2 dBi 360° omni-directional antenna802.11a/b/g/n External Antenna Connectors:3 RP-TNC connectors (NOTE: TNC antenna connection is not for outside plant connection.)Performance Client Load BalancingAutomatic load balancing between system radiosElement Specifications

Wi-Fi Array26 IntroductionSee AlsoKey Features and BenefitsWi-Fi Array Product OverviewProduct Specifications—XN4Product Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional)The Xirrus Family of ProductsWhy Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?Compliance Electromagnetic:ICES-003 (Canada)EN 301.893 (Europe)EN 301.489-1 and -17 (Europe)Safety:EN 60950EN 50371 to 50385CE MarkCertifications Wi-Fi Alliance: 802.11a/b/g, WPA, WPA2, and extended EAP types. Our certifications may be viewed here. Warranty Hardware:Five Year Standard (extendable)Software:90 Days Standard (extendable)Element Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 27Product Specifications—XN4 Element SpecificationsNumber of Users Maximum of 64 associated users per radio,256 users per XN4 Physical Diameter: 12.58 inches (31.95 cm)Height: 2.58 inches (6.55 cm)Weight: 4lbs (1.81 kg) Environmental Operating Temperature:0°C to 55°C0% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing)Storage Temperature:-20°C to 60°C5% to 95% relative humidity (non-condensing)System 825 MHz CPU 512 MB RAM 1 GB system flash Integrated Switch 2.1 Gbps integrated wireless switch Chassis Lockable mounting plate, Kensington lock slot Electrical XN4 supports Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) only, no splitter requiredPoGE (DC) Input Power: 48VDC, Maximum 2ANominal Power: 35WFor PoGE, see “Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix” on page 414.

Wi-Fi Array28 IntroductionInterfaces Serial Console Port:1 x RS232 – RJ45 connector, for local configurationEthernet Interfaces:1 x Gigabit 100/1000 Mbps uplink port Status LEDs:System status, Ethernet, RadioNetworking DHCP client, DHCP server (multiple DHCP pools), DNS Client, NTP client, NAT Management Xirrus Management System (XMS)—Layer 3 Element Management SystemHTTPS Web Management Interface (WMI)CLI via SSHv2, Telnet, local serial ConsoleEnable/disable management for any interfaceRead-write and read-only admin accounts may be authenticated via RADIUSSNMP v2c, v3Configuration Files—text-based files may be imported, exported, or comparedNetFlow—IP flow information (traffic statistics may be sent to an external CollectorFTP, TFTPSyslog reporting for alerts/alarms—messages may be stored on internal Syslog server or sent to up to three external syslog servers. Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)—obtain protocol addresses and platform information for neighboring devicesElement Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 29Quality of Service (QoS) SupportMultiple SSIDs:16 unique SSIDs per ArrayEach SSID beacons a unique BSSID per radio VLAN and QoS settings for each SSIDVLANs:Up to 16 VLANs, 802.1Q, 802.1pPrioritization:802.11e wireless prioritization802.1p wired prioritizationFair queuing of downstream trafficWireless Voice Support:Spectralink Voice Priority (SVP) protocol Element Specifications

Wi-Fi Array30 IntroductionSecurity Wireless EncryptionLine speed, hardware-accelerated encryption modes:WPA TKIPWPA2 AESWEP 40/64WEP 104/128Wireless Authentication:OpenPre-shared Key802.1X EAPPEAPEAP-TLSEAP-TTLSEAP-LEAP Pass-throughWeb Page Redirect (Captive Portal)MAC Address Access Control List (ACL)CHAP, PAPFirewall:Integrated stateful-inspection, rules-based firewallIDS/IPS:Integrates with Xirrus XDM Intrusion Detection/ Prevention System for real-time wireless security protectionRogue AP detection and blocking:Integrated Rogue AP detection and alerting via dedicated internal RF Threat Sensor. Rogue AP can be shieldedIntegrated RADIUS Server:Integrated 802.1x Authentication Server supporting EAP-PEAPElement Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 31Security (continued)Time of Day Access:Specify when access is allowed, per SSID or User GroupStation-Station Blocking:Station-to-Station traffic blocking optionWireless Wireless Standards:802.11a802.11b802.11d802.11g802.11e802.11h802.11i802.11j802.11nNumber of Radios:4 x 802.11a/b/g/n radiosAdvanced RF design includes 20 integrated antennasSpectrum Analyzer:1 integrated into ArrayElement Specifications

Wi-Fi Array32 IntroductionWireless (continued)Frequency Bands: 11a/n: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band)11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1)11a/n: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC)11a/n: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2)11a/n: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI)11a/n: 5.725-5.825 GHz (UNII 3)11b/g/n: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC)11b/g/n: 2.412-2.472 GHz (ETSI)11b/g/n: 2.412-2.484 GHz (TELEC)Channel Selection:Manual and Automatic802.11a/n AntennasIntegrated 6dBi, sectorized802.11b/g/n AntennasIntegrated 3dBi, sectorizedWi-Fi Monitoring:1 Integrated Access Point can be set as a dedicated Wi-Fi Threat Sensor2 dBi 360° omni-directional antenna802.11a/b/g/n External Antenna Connectors:1 RP-TNC connector (NOTE: TNC antenna connection is not for outside plant connection.) Performance Client Load BalancingAutomatic load balancing between system radiosElement Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 33See AlsoKey Features and BenefitsWi-Fi Array Product OverviewProduct Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8Product Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional)The Xirrus Family of ProductsWhy Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?Compliance Electromagnetic:ICES-003 (Canada)EN 301.893 (Europe)EN 301.489-1 and -17 (Europe)Safety:EN 60950EN 50371 to 50385CE MarkCertifications Wi-Fi Alliance: 802.11a/b/g, WPA, WPA2, and extended EAP types. Our certifications may be viewed here. Warranty Hardware:Five Year Standard (extendable)Software:90 Days Standard (extendable)Element Specifications

Wi-Fi Array34 IntroductionProduct Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700Element SpecificationsNumber of Users Maximum of 64 associated users per radio1024 users per Array (XS16/XS-3900)768 users per Array (XS12)512 users per Array (XS8/XS-3700)Physical Diameter: 18.65 inches (47.37 cm)Height: 3.87 inches (9.83 cm)Weight: 8lbs (3.63 kg) Environmental Operating Temperature:-10°C to 50°C0% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing)Storage Temperature:-20°C to 60°C5% to 95% relative humidity (non-condensing)System XS16/XS12/XS8:1 GHz CPU 1 GB RAM 1 GB system flash Expansion slot for future optionsXS-3900/XS-3700:825 MHz CPU 512 MB RAM (XS-3900/XS-3700)512 MB system flash Expansion slot for future options

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 35Interfaces Serial:1 x RS232 – RJ45 connectorEthernet Interfaces:2 x Gigabit 100/1000 Mbps w/failover1 x Fast Ethernet 10/100 MbpsStatus LEDs:System status, Ethernet, RadioElectrical XS16/XS8:Each Array supports both AC and PoGEAC Input Power: 90-265VAC at 47-63Hz PoGE Input Power: Power over Gigabit Ethernet—no splitter required, 48VDC Nominal Power: XS16: 70W XS8: 45W XS-3900/XS-3700:Separate AC and DC versionsInput Power (AC version): 90VAC to 265VAC at 47Hz to 63Hz Input Power (DC version): 48VDCPoGE: requires modified DC version and splitter.All Models:For PoGE, see “Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix” on page 414.Networking DHCP client, DHCP server, NTP client, NAT VLAN Support 802.1Q, 802.1p VLANSupports up to 16 VLANsMultiple SSID SupportAllows up to 16 separate SSIDs to be defined with map security, VLAN and QoS settings for each SSIDElement Specifications

Wi-Fi Array36 IntroductionPerformance Client Load BalancingAutomatic load balancing between system radiosQuality of Service:802.1p wired traffic prioritizationWireless packet prioritizationMAP CoS to TCIDFair queuing of downstream trafficSecurity Wireless Security:WEP 40bit/128bit encryptionWPA and WPA2 with TKIP and AES encryptionRogue AP detection, with alerts and classificationUser and System Authentication:WPA and WPA2 Pre-Shared Key authenticationInternal RADIUS Server, supports EAP-PEAP only802.1x EAP-TLS802.1x EAP-TTLS/MSCHAPv2802.1x PEAPv0/EAP-MSCHAPv2802.1x PEAPv1/EAP-GTC802.1x EAP-SIM802.1x EAP-LEAP Passthrough External RADIUS serversAuthentication of Wi-Fi Arrays to the Xirrus Management System (XMS)Element Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 37Wireless Number of Radios:XS16/XS-3900: 12 x 802.11a radios4 x 802.11a/b/g radiosOnly 12 radios should be used as 802.11a radios concurrently. XS12: 8 x 802.11a radios4 x 802.11a/b/g radiosXS8/XS-3700: 4 x 802.11a radios4 x 802.11a/b/g radiosWireless Standards:802.11a/b/g and g-only mode802.11e, 802.11iChannel Selection:Manual and AutomaticFrequency Bands: 11a: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band)11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1)11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC)11a: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2)11a: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI)11a: 5.725-5825 GHz (UNII 3)11b/g: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC)11b/g: 2.412-2.472 GHz (ETSI)11b/g: 2.412-2.484 GHz (TELEC)Antennas (XS16/XS-3900):12 x internal 6 dBi 60° 802.11a sectorized4 x internal 3 dBi 180° 802.11b/g sectorized1 x internal 2 dBi 360° omni-directional (for RF monitoring)3 x external RP-TNC connectors for three 802.11a/b/g radios *Element Specifications

Wi-Fi Array38 IntroductionWireless (continued)Antennas (XS12):8 x internal 6 dBi 60° 802.11a sectorized4 x internal 3 dBi 180° 802.11b/g sectorized1 x internal 2 dBi 360° omni-directional (for RF monitoring)3 x external RP-TNC connectors for three 802.11a/b/g radios *Antennas (XS8/XS-3700):4 x internal 6 dBi 60° 802.11a sectorized4x internal 3 dBi 180° 802.11b/g sectorized1 x internal 2 dBi 360° omni-directional (for RF monitoring)3 x external RP-TNC connectors for three 802.11a/b/g radios *Radio Approvals:FCC (United States) and EN 301.893 (Europe)* Note: External RP-TNC antenna connectors are not for outside plant connection.Management Web-based HTTPSSNMP v2c, v3CLI via SSHv2 or TelnetFTPTFTPSerialXirrus Management System (XMS)Syslog reporting for alerts/alarmsElement Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 39See AlsoKey Features and BenefitsWi-Fi Array Product OverviewProduct Specifications—XN4Product Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8Product Specifications—XS4/XS-3500Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional)The Xirrus Family of ProductsWhy Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?Compliance UL / cUL 60950 and EN 60950FCC Part 15.107 and 15109, Class AEN 301.489 (Europe)EN60601 EU medical equipment directive for EMCCertifications Wi-Fi Alliance: 802.11a/b/g, WPA, WPA2, and extended EAP types. Our certifications may be viewed here. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140 -2, Level 2. Warranty One year (hardware and software) Element Specifications

Wi-Fi Array40 IntroductionProduct Specifications—XS4/XS-3500 Element SpecificationsNumber of Users Maximum of 64 associated users per radio (256 users per Array)Physical Diameter: 12.58 inches (31.95 cm)Height: 2.58 inches (6.55 cm)Weight: 4lbs (1.81 kg) Environmental Operating Temperature:-10°C to 50°C0% to 90% relative humidity (non-condensing)Storage Temperature:-20°C to 60°C5% to 95% relative humidity (non-condensing)System 825 MHz CPU (XS4)666 MHz CPU (XS-3500)512 MB RAM, expandable (XS4)256 MB RAM, expandable (XS-3500)512 MB system flash, expandableExpansion slot for future options

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 41Electrical XS4: Each Array supports both AC and PoGEAC Input Power: 90-265VAC at 47-63Hz Nominal power usage: 27W XS-3500: AC Input Power: 90-265VAC at 47-63Hz Input Power (DC version): 48VDCAll Models:Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE): all 4-port models work with all Xirrus PoGE modules, splitter required, 48VDC See “Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix” on page 414. Interfaces Serial:1 x RS232 – RJ45 connectorEthernet Interfaces:1 x Gigabit 100/1000 MbpsStatus LEDs:System status, Ethernet, RadioManagement Web-based HTTPSSNMP v2c, v3CLI via SSHv2 or TelnetFTPTFTPSerialXirrus Management System (XMS)Syslog reporting for alerts/alarmsNetworking DHCP client, DHCP server, NTP client, NATElement Specifications

Wi-Fi Array42 IntroductionVLAN Support 802.1Q, 802.1p VLANSupports up to 16 VLANsMultiple SSID SupportAllows up to 16 separate SSIDs to be defined with map security, VLAN and QoS settings for each SSIDPerformance Client Load BalancingAutomatic load balancing between system radiosQuality of Service:802.1p wired traffic prioritizationWireless packet prioritizationMAP CoS to TCIDFair queuing of downstream trafficSecurity Wireless Security:WEP 40bit/128bit encryptionWPA and WPA2 with TKIP and AES encryptionRogue AP detection, with alerts and classificationUser and System Authentication:WPA Pre-Shared Key authenticationInternal RADIUS Server, supports EAP-PEAP only802.1x EAP-TLS802.1x EAP-TTLS/MSCHAPv2802.1x PEAPv0/EAP-MSCHAPv2802.1x PEAPv1/EAP-GTC802.1x EAP-SIM802.1x EAP-LEAP Passthrough External RADIUS serversAuthentication of Wi-Fi Arrays to the Xirrus Management System (XMS)Element Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayIntroduction 43Wireless Number of Radios:4 x 802.11a/b/g radiosWireless Standards:802.11a/b/g and g-only mode802.11e, 802.11iChannel Selection:Manual and AutomaticFrequency Bands: 11a: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band)11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1)11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (TELEC)11a: 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII 2)11a: 5.470-5.725 (ETSI)11a: 5.725-5825 GHz (UNII 3)11b/g: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC)11b/g: 2.412-2.472 GHz (ETSI)11b/g: 2.412-2.484 GHz (TELEC)Antennas (XS-3500):4 x internal 3 dBi 180° 802.11b/g sectorized1 x internal 2 dBi 360° omni-directional (for RF monitoring)1 x external RP-TNC connector for one 802.11a/b/g radio (NOTE: TNC antenna connection is not for outside plant connection.)Radio Approvals:FCC (United States) and EN 301.893 (Europe)Compliance UL / cUL 60950 and EN 60950FCC Part 15.107 and 15109, Class AEN 301.489 (Europe)EN60601 EU medical equipment directive for EMCElement Specifications

Wi-Fi Array44 IntroductionSee AlsoKey Features and BenefitsWi-Fi Array Product OverviewProduct Specifications—XN16, XN12, and XN8Product Specifications—XN4Product Specifications—XS16/XS-3900, XS12, and XS8/XS-3700Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional)The Xirrus Family of ProductsWhy Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?Certifications Wi-Fi Alliance: 802.11a/b/g, WPA, WPA2, and extended EAP types. Our certifications may be viewed here. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140 -2, Level 2. Warranty One year (hardware and software)Element Specifications

Wi-Fi ArrayInstalling the Wi-Fi Array 45Installing the Wi-Fi ArrayThe instructions for completing a successful installation include the following topics:z“Installation Prerequisites” on page 45.z“Planning Your Installation” on page 48.z“Installation Workflow” on page 80.z“Unpacking the Wi-Fi Array” on page 81.z“Installing Your Wi-Fi Array” on page 83.z“Powering Up the Wi-Fi Array” on page 107.z“Establishing Communication with the Array” on page 110.z“Performing the Express Setup Procedure” on page 112.Installation PrerequisitesYour Wi-Fi Array deployment requires the presence of hardware and services in the host wired/wireless network, including:zPower Source Most Arrays are powered via Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet. PoGEsupplies power over the same Cat 5e or Cat 6 cable used for data, thus reducing cabling and installation effort. PoGE power injector modules are available in 1 port and 8 port configurations and are typically placed near your Gigabit Ethernet switch. An AC outlet is required for each injector module. Current Array models have integrated splitters, so no separate splitter is required. Specific models of the Array are compatible with specific PoGE modules. For details, please see “Power over Gigabit Ethernet Compatibility Matrix” on page 414.If your Arrays are equipped to accept AC power (and you are not using PoGE), you need a dedicated power outlet to supply AC power to each unit deployed at the site.

Wi-Fi Array46 Installing the Wi-Fi ArrayzEthernet port You need at least one 100/1000 BaseT port to establish wired Gigabit Ethernet connectivity (via the product’s Gigabit 1 or Gigabit 2 port) and one 10/100 BaseT port (if desired) for product management. zSecure Shell (SSH) utilityTo establish secure remote command line access to the Array, you need a Secure Shell (SSH) utility, such as PuTTY. The utility must be configured to use SSH-2, since the Array will only allow SSH-2 connections. zSecure Web browserEither Internet Explorer (version 6.0 or higher), Netscape Navigator (version 7.0 or higher), or Mozilla Firefox (version 1.01 or higher). A secure Web browser is required for Web-based management of the Array. The browser must be on the same subnet as the Array, or you must set a static route for management as described in the warning above. zSerial connection capabilityTo connect directly to the console port on the Array, your computer must be equipped with a male 9-pin serial port and terminal emulation software (for example, HyperTerminal). The Xirrus Array only supports serial cable lengths up to 25’ per the RS-232 specification. !The Array’s Ethernet ports should be connected to an Ethernet switch, not an Ethernet hub—if a hub is used, we recommend that you connect only one Ethernet port.!The Gigabit1 Ethernet interface is the primary port for both data and management traffic. If a single Ethernet connection is used, it must be connected to the Gigabit1 Ethernet interface. See also, “Port Failover Protection” on page 67.The 10/100 Ethernet Port may be used for managing the Array out of band from the Gigabit Ethernet ports. The 10/100 port will route only management traffic, using a static route that may be configured for this interface. See “interface” on page 336.

Wi-Fi ArrayInstalling the Wi-Fi Array 47Use the following settings when establishing a serial connection:Optional Network ComponentsThe following network components are optional.zXirrus Management System (XMS)The optional XMS offers powerful management features for small or large Wi-Fi Array deployments.zExternal RADIUS serverAlthough your Array comes with an embedded RADIUS server, for 802.1x authentication in large deployments you may want to add an external RADIUS server.Client RequirementsThe Wi-Fi Array should only be used with Wi-Fi certified client devices.See AlsoCoverage and Capacity PlanningDeployment ExamplesFailover PlanningPlanning Your InstallationBits per second 115,200Data bits 8Parity NoneStop bits 1Flow control None

Wi-Fi Array48 Installing the Wi-Fi ArrayPlanning Your InstallationThis section provides guidelines and examples to help you plan your Xirrus Wi-Fi Array deployment to achieve the best overall coverage and performance. We recommend you conduct a site survey to determine the best location and settings for each Array you install.The following topics are discussed:z“General Deployment Considerations” on page 48z“Coverage and Capacity Planning” on page 50z“IEEE 802.11n Deployment Considerations” on page 59z“Failover Planning” on page 67z“Power Planning” on page 69z“Security Planning” on page 70z“Port Requirements” on page 72z“Network Management Planning” on page 75z“WDS Planning” on page 76z“Common Deployment Options” on page 79General Deployment ConsiderationsThe Wi-Fi Array’s unique multi-radio architecture generates 360 degrees of sectored high-gain 802.11a/b/g/n or 802.11a/b/g coverage that provides extended range. However, the number, thickness and location of walls, ceilings or other objects that the wireless signals must pass through may affect the range. Typical ranges vary depending on the types of materials and background RF (radio frequency) noise at your location. To maximize wireless range, follow these basic guidelines:1. Keep the number of walls and ceilings between the Array and your receiving devices to a minimum—each wall or ceiling can reduce the #For a complete discussion of implementing Voice over Wi-Fi on the Array, see the Xirrus Voice over Wi-Fi Application Note in the Xirrus Library.

$Wi-Fi ArrayInstalling the Wi-Fi Array 49wireless range from between 3 and 90 feet (1 to 30 meters). Position your devices so that the number of walls or ceilings is minimized.2. Be aware of the direct line between each device. For example, a wall that is 1.5 feet thick (half a meter) at 90° is actually almost 3 feet thick (or 1 meter) when viewed at a 45° angle. At an acute 2° degree angle the same wall is over 42 feet (or 14 meters) thick! For best reception, try to ensure that your wireless devices are positioned so that signals will travel straight through a wall or ceiling.Figure 10. Wall Thickness Considerations3. Try to position wireless client devices so that the signal passes through drywall (between studs) or open doorways and not other materials that can adversely affect the wireless signal.See AlsoCoverage and Capacity PlanningDeployment ExamplesCommon Deployment OptionsInstallation Prerequisites90° 45°1.5 feet/.5 m~ 3 feet/1 m> 42 feet\14 m2°$

Cambium Networks XN4 Wireless LAN Array User Manual xirrus PDF

Xirrus, Inc. Wireless LAN Array xirrus PDF

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