Andrew Wireless Innovations Group BCEL-800-900 Fiber Optic RF Distribution System User Manual MN010 04

Andrew Wireless Innovations Group Fiber Optic RF Distribution System MN010 04

Contents

Install Manual 1 of 2

SYSTEM INSTALLATION MANUAL Rel. 4
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 2 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice.  Copyright Tekmar Sistemi s.r.l. This document contains information, which is the property of Tekmar Sistemi S.r.l. The contents are confidential, any reproduction of all or part of this publication, without the written consent by Tekmar Sistemi s.r.l is forbidden. This publication is issued to provide outline information and is not deemed to form any part of any offer and contract. The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. Britecell is designed & manufactured by
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 3 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 1. INDEX 1. INDEX .......................................................................................................3 GENERAL INFORMATION ...................................................................................6 2. HOW TO READ THIS MANUAL.....................................................................7 3. INSTALLATION & SAFETY REQUIREMENTS..................................................8 3.1. Environmental conditions: .................................................................8 3.2. Installation site features....................................................................8 3.3. Power connection .............................................................................9 3.4. Safety and precautions during the installation..................................... 9 3.5. Safety and precautions for lasers .......................................................9 3.6. Warning Labels............................................................................... 10 BRITECELL SYSTEM......................................................................................... 11 4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION............................................................................. 12 4.1. Services ......................................................................................... 13 4.2. Block diagram................................................................................. 13 4.3. Functional description ..................................................................... 14 5. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION....................................................................... 15 5.1. Britecell™ subracks ........................................................................ 15 5.2. Subrack modules ............................................................................ 15 5.3. Remote equipment ......................................................................... 16 TFL local unit .................................................................................................. 17 6. Introduction............................................................................................. 18 7. Part description ........................................................................................ 18 8. Warnings ................................................................................................. 19 8.1. Connectors care and cleaning .......................................................... 19 8.2. Laser caution.................................................................................. 19 9. Functional description............................................................................... 20 9.1. Block diagram................................................................................. 20 9.2. Down link operations ...................................................................... 20 9.3. Up link operations........................................................................... 21 10. Alarms and settings ................................................................................ 21 11. Installing and cabling.............................................................................. 23 11.1. TPR housing................................................................................ 23 11.2. Power supply .............................................................................. 23 11.3. RF inputs .................................................................................... 23 11.4. Optical connections ..................................................................... 24 12. Start-up ................................................................................................. 24 13. Troubleshooting ..................................................................................... 25 TFA remote unit .............................................................................................. 26 14. Introduction ........................................................................................... 27 15. Part description ...................................................................................... 27 16. Warnings ............................................................................................... 28 16.1. Connector care and cleaning ........................................................ 28 16.2. Laser caution .............................................................................. 28 17. Functional description ............................................................................. 29 17.1. Block diagram ............................................................................. 29 17.2. Down link operation..................................................................... 29 17.3. Up link operations. ...................................................................... 30 18. Alarms and settings ................................................................................ 30 18.1. LED alarms ................................................................................. 30 18.2. External alarms ........................................................................... 30 18.3. Setting uplink gain (PGR) ............................................................. 31 19. Installing and cabling.............................................................................. 32
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 4 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 19.1. Location...................................................................................... 32 19.2. Power supply and grounding ........................................................ 32 19.3. RF combined ports ...................................................................... 33 19.4. Optical fibres connection.............................................................. 33 20. Start-up ................................................................................................. 33 21. Troubleshooting ..................................................................................... 34 TPR 19" subrack.............................................................................................. 35 22. Introduction ........................................................................................... 36 23. Part description ...................................................................................... 36 24. Warnings ............................................................................................... 36 25. Functional description ............................................................................. 37 25.1. Block diagram ............................................................................. 37 26. Alarms ................................................................................................... 37 27. Installation and cabling ........................................................................... 40 27.1. Location...................................................................................... 40 27.2. Power supply .............................................................................. 40 28. Start up ................................................................................................. 42 29. Troubleshooting ..................................................................................... 42 TFL-BSI RF attenuator ..................................................................................... 43 30. Introduction ........................................................................................... 44 31. Part description ...................................................................................... 44 32. Warnings ............................................................................................... 44 33. Functional description ............................................................................. 44 33.1. Down link operation..................................................................... 44 33.2. Uplink operation .......................................................................... 45 34. Installation and cabling ........................................................................... 45 34.1. TPR housing................................................................................ 45 35. Calculation of attenuation setting ............................................................ 45 35.1. Downlink..................................................................................... 45 35.2. Uplink ......................................................................................... 45 TLC RF combiner - splitter................................................................................ 46 36. Introduction ........................................................................................... 47 37. Part description ...................................................................................... 47 38. Functional description ............................................................................. 47 39. Warnings ............................................................................................... 47 40. Installation and cabling ........................................................................... 47 40.1. TPR housing................................................................................ 47 THYB common path RF combiner ..................................................................... 48 41. Introduction ........................................................................................... 49 42. Part description ...................................................................................... 49 43. Functional description ............................................................................. 49 44. Warnings ............................................................................................... 49 45. Installation and cabling ........................................................................... 49 TFB booster .................................................................................................... 50 46. Introduction ........................................................................................... 51 47. Part description ...................................................................................... 51 48. Warnings ............................................................................................... 51 49. Functional description ............................................................................. 51 49.1. Block diagram ............................................................................. 51 49.2. Description.................................................................................. 52 50. Alarms ................................................................................................... 52 51. Installation and cabling ........................................................................... 52 51.1. Location...................................................................................... 52 51.2. Power supply and grounding ........................................................ 53 51.3. RF combined ports ...................................................................... 53 52. Start up ................................................................................................. 53 53. Troubleshooting ..................................................................................... 54
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 5 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. TPA antenna ................................................................................................... 55 54. Introduction ........................................................................................... 56 55. Functional description ............................................................................. 57 56. Installation and cabling ........................................................................... 58 56.1. Location...................................................................................... 58 56.2. Location examples....................................................................... 59 56.3. Wall mount ................................................................................. 59 56.4. Connectivity ................................................................................ 60 57. Troubleshooting & maintenance .............................................................. 60 SYSTEM INSTALLATION................................................................................... 61 58. Installation and cabling ........................................................................... 62 58.1. Local unit and subrack location .................................................... 62 58.2. Remote unit and antennas location............................................... 62 58.3. Fibre-Optic Cables ....................................................................... 62 58.4. Power Supply .............................................................................. 65 59. SYSTEM START-UP ................................................................................. 65 60. MAINTENANCE....................................................................................... 66 60.1. Plug-in cards removal .................................................................. 66 60.2. Optical equipment ....................................................................... 66 OTHER INFORMATION .................................................................................... 67 61. TERMINOLOGY....................................................................................... 68 62. WARRANTY CONDITIONS ....................................................................... 68 63. DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY............................................................. 70 64. TECHNICAL SUPPORT............................................................................. 70 APPENDIX....................................................................................................... 71 65. APPENDIX A - Britecell system design basics ............................................ 72 65.1. Indoor propagation...................................................................... 72 65.2. Fibre-optic transmission ............................................................... 73 65.3. Coverage method ........................................................................ 74 66. APPENDIX B - Britecell input power level setting....................................... 75 66.1. Down link power levels ................................................................ 75 66.2. Down link power levels: remote unit + booster ............................ 76 67. APPENDIX C - Classifying hazardous areas .............................................. 77 68. APPENDIX D - Health and safety warnings ............................................... 78
GENERAL INFORMATION
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 7 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 2. HOW TO READ THIS MANUAL This manual provides equipment specifications, operational descriptions, application, and installation information as well as a troubleshooting guide. It is intended to be a comprehensive document used to install and operate a Britecell system. The manual consists of many sections. The first main section includes a global description of the Britecell system, major equipment warnings, warranty information, customer service and support as well as troubleshooting guidelines. Other sections describe specific components, which are used to build or expand a Britecell system. Each section points out warnings and installation instructions. GENERAL SECTION: • general & safety requirements • system description TFL section TFA section Subrack section … SYSTEM SECTION • installation requirements • start-up • maintenance OTHER INFORMATION • terminology • warranty & support • declaration of conformity APPENDIX
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 8 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 3. INSTALLATION & SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 3.1. Environmental conditions: This equipment is designed to be installed inside buildings. Operating temperature: +5 to +40°C Do not install in corrosive atmosphere or in critical environmental conditions such as hazardous classified areas (for example see appendix C). 3.2. Installation site features A trained technician should carry out the installation of the donor rack. Since the system is designed for indoor installation, the rack should be installed in a dry and suitable location where: • no explosion risks is present; • the environment is not classified as a high-risk one in case of fire; • suspended particles are not to be found in great concentration; • the environment is not subject to any traffic which could cause crash damages; • the site is properly located with respect to the ergonomic positioning of the working environments; • the system is placed in a private room, protected against any possible violation; • the system must not be exposed to ultra-violet rays; • the site must be accessible by maintenance personnel; • the site must be dry, with low humidity; • the site must guarantee proper space for cables and natural ventilation to the system; • 2 meters must be kept from the rack to any heating opening. The remote units should be mounted in reasonable locations as well: • do not install inside heating or conditioning; • do not install inside cable pipeline, fire-prevention site, (fire escape, lift tunnels, emergency exits, which have to guarantee defined safety standards); • keep into consideration that the temperature in the upper part of a room is higher than at 2 meters height. For false ceiling installation, verify that the environment temperatures do not exceed allowed limits; • remote unit requires its own power and a connection to the mains can be needed; • keep into consideration that the remote unit transmits RF signal and safety volume must be respected (refer to country regulations for safety volume magnitude); • remote units are typically installed next to the ceiling and for safety reasons they must be properly mounted; • remote units must be accessible for tests and maintenance.
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 9 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 3.3. Power connection Power connection has to be carried out following all the necessary precautions: • it must be properly made according to the due diligence rules (ex.: CEI rules, IEC rules, etc.); • in accordance with the rules for safety against direct or indirect contacts; • in accordance with the rules for safety against the over current (short circuit, overloading); • in accordance with the rules for safety against over tension; • connection is to be carried out by proper and competent staff 3.4. Safety and precautions during the installation During installation the following means and tools will be needed: Typical electrician tools: cross-point screwdriver, scissors, pliers, nippers, drill and bits, screw for fixing remote units to the wall. Typical means: proper ladder, scaffolding or air platform for ceiling installation of remote units. 9 N.B: cautions should be used when installing at a height upper than 2 meters. Personnel who are installing this equipment should be informed about the possible risks and safety measures when elevated. 3.5. Safety and precautions for lasers The laser used in Britecell contains an optical transmitter, which has a power level that is not dangerous to a person's health. However it is classified as class III B (norm EN60825) equipment. It is nevertheless prudent in the installation phase to observe the following rules: 9 Never look directly at the internal optic connector exit of the transmitter apparatus when it is switched on. The wavelength of the laser is not visible to the human eye, which means that long-term damage will not immediately be known. 9 When working with the optical connectors, check at each end that both transmitting lasers are switched off.
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 10 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 3.6. Warning Labels Caution! - invisible laser radiation from this aperture Caution! - Laser radiation. Do not stare into the beam or view directly with optical instruments – CLASS 3A laser product Caution! - angled polished connector Caution! - invisible laser radiation from this aperture – angle polished connectors Caution! - possible invisible laser radiation, max. power 30mW, wavelength 1300nm, laser product CLASS III B GROUND - Use this terminal for a safety ground connection of the equipment.
BRITECELL SYSTEM
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 12 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 4. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION Britecell is a low power distribution system designed to provide indoor coverage for mobile communication networks. .The whole system is based on the fiberoptic transmission of multiple RF carriers from an optical donor unit interfacing to the BTSs (TFL) and an optical remote unit located in remote sites (TFA) near an antenna. The transmission of the uplink and downlink RF signals is attained by using bi-directional fiberoptic links. Furthermore it is possible to reach and feed multiple remote antennas by distributing a number of fiberoptic links in a star configuration. The system has been designed to make use of the concept of “low power distributed antenna system” (DAS). The premise of the DAS system is to achieve good link quality through the use of many lower power radiating points (fed by TFAs). The advantage of this system is lower costs and higher reliability. This is possible because high power amplifiers are both costly and less reliable than low power devises. Britecell is very simply and including a built-in AGC. As such it requires a minimum design, installation and set-up effort, in contrast with a comparable active cable systems, which require considerable uplink and downlink design and optimisation. The system. A rack complete with 6 donor units (TFLs), a remote unit (TFA) and two antennas
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 13 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 4.1. Services The Britecell system can operate with single band or dual-band. The following is a list of possible standards with related frequencies: FREQUENCY OPTIONS BANDWIDTH [MHz] uplink downlink UHF GSM900+GSM1800 UHF 406:512 406:512 VHF paging GSM900+PCS VHF paging --- 270:290 TRUNKING RADIO AMPS+PCS TRUNKING RADIO 805:825 850:870 AMPS AMPS+DCS PDC800 810:830 940:960 GSM900 TRUNKING+PCS AMPS 824:849 869:894 PDC1500 E-GSM+GSM1800 E-GSM 880:915 925:960 GSM1800 E-GSM+PCS GSM 890:915 935:960 PCS UMTS (UTRA FDD) PDC1500 1429:1453 1477:1501 E-GSM GSM1800 1710:1785 1805:1880 PCS 1850:1910 1930:1990 UMTS 1920:1980 2110:2170 Tab. 1 - services 4.2. Block diagram This is a basic system configuration. The overall system design and coverage project may need different architectures, and different ancillary configurations. Fig. 1 TPR 912 Max 1.5 Km Opt. Fiber TFA TFATFA TFA Card 1 TFL Card 3 TFL Card 2 TFL TLC 2503 -6 dB -6 dB TLC 2503 -6 dB -6 dB Card 4 TFL Card 5 TFL Card 6 TFL TLC 2502 -4 dB -4 dB TLC 2501 TFL BSI UL-variable Attenuator DL-variable Attenuator TFL BSI UL-variable Attenuator DL-variable Attenuator TX Low Band BTS RX A TX High Band BTS RX ATFA TFATFA TFA TFA TFATFA TFA TFA TFATFA TFA TFA TFATFA TFA TFA TFATFA TFA Fig. 2 - Block diagram
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 14 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 4.3. Functional description The basic system blocks are the fiber donor unit TFL (Local Unit) and the fiber remote unit TFA (Remote Unit). They are connected in both directions (uplink and downlink) through single mode optical fibre. The system has a built-in Automatic Gain Control (AGC), which automatically adjust the up link and down link gain in order to compensate for optical link loss1. This allows the downlink transmit power and the up link sensitivity to be virtually independent on fibre length and on the number of splices or optical connectors present along the fibre link. Each Local unit can support and constantly monitor up to 4 remote units. Moreover up to 6 central units can be housed, together with power supply, in the same subrack 19”. The TFA feeds up to two coverage antennas. In this way it is possible to set up a network of 24 transceivers and up to 48 coverage antennae (see Fig.2). The connection between the BTS and Britecell system can either be direct or, through a repeater. In Fig. 1, a typical direct connection to BTS is showed for a dual band system. The building blocks of the combining network are: • two/three way combiners and splitters (TLC2502/3); • cross-band couplers (TLC2501); • variable attenuators (TFL-BSI). The combining network has to be carefully designed in order to optimise the connection to the BTS and the system performances. 1 provided that the specified limits are not exceeded (please refer to datasheets)
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 15 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 5. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION Britecell is a modular system. Many options and accessories are available, depending on the desired coverage area. The following is a list of main accessories, suitable for most applications. 5.1. Britecell™ subracks The Local Units are located inside a 19” 6HE sub-rack. From this rack, power is supplied for the all fibre donor units (TFL). Fig. 3 – 19” sub-rack Subrack can be supplied by a -48V DC or by universal mains (85-264VAC). See datasheets for further details. Power switches and fuses are placed on subrack back panel (see TPR section below). 5.2. Subrack modules • TFL is the RF to optical converter. • TFL-BSI is a variable RF attenuator (0-30dB) • TLC2502 and TLC2503 are RF splitters/combiners TFL - LOCAL UNIT TFL-BSI TLC2502
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 16 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 5.3. Remote equipment Fig. 4 - TFA remote unit Fig. 5 - TPAxxx - remote antenna Fig. 6 - TFB - RF booster TFA is the optical to RF converter. TPA is the suggested indoor antenna family. TFB is the RF booster if needed to extend the coverage area. TFA can feed up to two antennas while TFB can be connected to one antenna. Detailed descriptions of these components are available in the sections below.
TFL local unit
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 18 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 6. Introduction This section describes the TFL (Local Unit). The TFL is the part of Britecell system that provides E/O downlink conversion and O/E uplink conversion of RF signal. The TFL is connected to remote TFA by means of two optical fibres. The system forms a star configuration. One fibre is dedicated to the transmission of the downlink signals received from BTS and re-transmitted to the mobile. The other fibre supports the transmission of up-link signals, received from mobile through the TFA remote units and destine for the BTS. The TFL cards are 6HE plug-in modules and are contained in a standard 19” subrack (TPR family). 7. Part description Fig. 7 – TFL Local Unit part description Power Supply led (green) DL Laser Alarm (red) DL RF Test Port (SMB-m) DL RF Input (SMA-f) Dummy (used in other application) Uplink Optical Connectors UL Alarm leds (red) UL RF Test Port (SMB-m) UL RF Output (SMA-f) Backplane Connector Downlink Optical Connectors Laser off led (yellow) UL Alarm leds (red)
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 19 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 8. Warnings 9 CAUTION! do not remove or insert any module into TPR subrack, without prior switching power supply off. 8.1. Connectors care and cleaning Optical connectors for single mode fibers are designed for submicron tolerances. Such a connector has an optical section of only 9 µm diameter. The rules below must be carefully followed 9 Do not leave optical connectors open, as they will attract dirt. 9 Do not touch the connector tip. Clean it with a proper tissue before inserting it into the sleeve. If a better cleaning is needed, use pure ethyl alcohol. Sleeves may be cleaned by injecting pure gas under pressure. 9 Do not attempt to insert connectors mechanically incompatible. This will result in severe damage. The optical connector is a high precision device. It must be handled with care, to avoid scratches and other mechanical/optical damages that will impair or reduce the system’s performance. 8.2. Laser caution The TFL contains semiconductor lasers. Precautions should be taken when handling, installing or servicing this equipment. Invisible laser radiation may be emitted from the optical transmitter orifice at the TFL local interface: 9 Do not stare into the beam or use optical instruments with powered equipment.
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 20 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 9. Functional description 9.1. Block diagram Fig. 8 - block diagram 9.2. Down link operations In down link the TFL fulfils the following operations: Power level adjustment: if the RF signal coming from the BTS has a power level which is not adequate to TFL’s characteristics, an external adjustment is required. It consists in an attenuation when BTS is connected through a coupler or through repeater (please refer to TFL-BSI). E/O Conversion: RF signal modulates the intensity of an optical carrier through an electro-optic device (laser). One laser is present on each TFL card. Optical Splitting: modulated optical carrier is split into 4 ways so that it may be transmitted on a maximum of 4 optical links. RF IN 50 Ω CURRENT GENERATOR NOISE GENERATOR Laser bias Opt. power monitor IMPEDANCE MATCHING NETWORK VOPT 2-ways combiner +8V VOLTAGE REGULATOR LASER module MONITOR PHOTODET. LASER DIODE STATUS MONITOR LEDS AND ALARM LEDS ALARMS AND COMMAD CONNECTOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR 2-ways combiner VOLTAGE CONTROLLED ATTENUATOR PHOTODETECTOR LNA AMP AMP TFLMICRO module VARIABLE GAIN AMP. 4 MHz D A C A D C µPROC. 2-ways combiner RF OUT 50 Ω Optical connectors Pwr supply is on Pwr fault TXLow RX opt.power 2-ways opt. splitter Optical connectors POWER SUPPLY UNIT +12V Downlink Transmitter ALARMS AND COMMAND SIGNALS MANAGEMENT CIRCUITS Uplink Receiver 1 Uplink Receiver 2 Uplink Receiver 3 Uplink Receiver 4 +5V AC input from mains 2-ways opt. splitter 2-ways opt. splitter
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 21 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 9.3. Up link operations In uplink, signals pass through a duplexer and are then subjected to the following operations: O/E Conversion: there are 4 O/E conversion devices (or optical receivers) in one TFL (one for each optical link). Amplification: amplification is needed to compensate the optical fibre loss (maintaining a good signal to noise ratio) so that for each link a constant gain is obtained. RF Combining: signals coming from all the remotes are combined into a single RF port. Power level Adjustment: TFL output may need a level adjustment so that the RF signals are within the optimum BTS receiving range (please refer to TFL-BSI). 10. Alarms and settings Two types of local alarm are available: Visual alarms: the front panel of a TFL Local Unit shows the following status for alarm LEDs: Link LED Colour Meaning (when lit) = Green Laser is biased Red Laser optical power under limits and/or bias is not present. Downlink Transmitter OFF Yellow Laser has shutdown command. Uplink receivers Red Input optical power is lower than pre-set. Tab. 2 -Alarm LEDs Relay logic alarms detectable on connector: in the rear of TFL units an alarm interface connector passes information about summary alarms and specific alarms which can be sent to an OMC (Operating and Maintenance Centre) via the BTS. In addition the alarms may be monitored from Britecell’s own OMC (please refer to TPR). Settings: No adjustments are required at local interface module. Four optical receivers are present at each TFL. Unused receivers may cause uplink alarms if enabled. In order to avoid UL alarms unused receivers must be turned off. This can be done simply changing jumper position as shown on Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 . Tab. 3 is a chart of the correct jumper positions. Each receiver has a number silk screen printed on the metal protection, which corresponds to the relevant UL optical port on the TFL front panel. The jumper number and relevant receiver status are printed on TFA main board, so that the operation results very simple.
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 22 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. Fig. 9- Uplink jumpers Fig. 10- Uplink jumper positions Receiver Status Jumper position ON JP1 RX No.1 OFF JP2 ON JP3 RX No.2 OFF JP4 ON JP5 RX No.3 OFF JP6 ON JP7 RX No.4 OFF JP8 Tab. 3 - Jumper positions Uplink receiver enabling Jumpers RX ON RX OFF
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 23 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 11. Installing and cabling 11.1. TPR housing The TFL modules are contained in a 6 HE sub-rack (TPR family). The local interfaces cannot be placed next to each other. The TFL local interface cards may only be fitted in slots 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 of the sub-rack. Fig. 11 - Subrack slots Fig. 12– Dummy plug If any slots are unused the backplane connectors must be fitted with a dummy plug (provided) to avoid alarms being generated (see Fig.15). Installation of Local Interface should be implemented in accordance with standard rules related to fixed base equipment. 9 WARNING: prior to removing or inserting any modules, make sure that the power supply is off. 9 WARNING: the TFL cards must be handled with care in order to avoid damages to electrostatic sensitive devices. Should a Local Unit need to be removed, first remove the left adjacent module. The sub-rack housing if correctly installed (see TPR section) provides also the proper air circulation to the Local Unit. 11.2. Power supply TFL cards are powered by the proprietary backplane (Sub-rack TPR family), power consumption is 12W for each TFL. 11.3. RF inputs The RF combining and interface section, if properly designed, provides the right power levels to the TFL. 9 WARNING: Do not exceed the maximum RF level allowed for downlink input (see TFL datasheets). Please refer to the system design for variable attenuator settings (see system start-up section)
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 24 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 11.4. Optical connections Optical connectors are designed to have proper alignment and mechanical support. When inserting an optical connector, take care to handle it smoothly enough so as not to damage the fibre. Fasten the fibre cable to the provided seating base by means of the included wrapper. Remove the dust cap only immediately before making connections. 9 Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with curve radius less than 5 cm. See Fig. 13 for optimal fibre cabling. Fig. 13 – Fibre connection 12. Start-up A preliminary verification of TFL correct operation is: 1. switch-on the TPR subrack 2. verify the following LED status Link LED Colour Status = Green ON Red OFF Downlink Transmitter OFF Yellow OFF Uplink receivers Red Depending upon TFA status, always off if receiver alarm disabled For a full functionality test please refer to the system start-up section. WRONG OPTIMAL
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 25 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 13. Troubleshooting Correct alarm interpretation is very useful not only during the installation, but also during maintenance TFL laser failure: replace the faulty transmitter by replacing the TFL unit with a new one. RX alarm only: first go to the TFL site and check if optical connectors of TFL are properly cleaned. If the problem still exists, go to the TFA site (the TFA which yields also visual RX alarm at TFL). If the TFA shows a visual alarm, clean the downlink optical connector. If the TFA is still alarmed, measure the downlink optical power at TFA input with an optical power meter and verify if it is higher than –5 dBm. If it is not, the fibre cable (at least as far as the downlink fibre is concerned) has some problems. If optical power is higher than –5 dBm, replace the TFA.
TFA remote unit
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 27 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 14. Introduction This section describes the TFA (Remote Unit). The TFA is part of the Britecell system and provides O/E downlink conversion and E/O uplink conversion. The TFA is connected to passive antennas, which transmit and receive from and to the mobiles. Each TFA is connected to a TFL through two optical fibres. This forms a star configuration. One fibre is dedicated to the reception of the downlink signals that the TFA receives from TFL, and re-transmits to mobile stations. The other fibre supports the transmission of uplink signals, which each TFA gathers from the mobiles operating in its coverage area, to the TFL. TFA can feed antennas through two external RF ports, except UMTS TFA where a single RF TRx port is provided. 15. Part description Fig. 14 – TFA Remote Unit part description Power supply RF TRx port DL opt. port UL opt. port RX TRx port External alarm Green LED = power on Red LED = alarm
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 28 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 16. Warnings 16.1. Connector care and cleaning 9 Do not leave connectors open. Unused optical connectors must always be covered with their caps. 9 Do not touch the connector tip. Clean it with proper tissue before inserting them into the sleeve. If better cleaning is needed, use pure ethyl alcohol. Sleeves may be cleaned by injecting pure gas under pressure. 9 Do not attempt to insert connectors mechanically incompatible. This will result in severe damage. The optical connector is a high precision device. It must be handled with care to avoid scratches and other mechanical/optical damages that will impair or reduce the system performance. 16.2. Laser caution The TFA contains semiconductor lasers. Precautions should be taken when handling, installing or servicing this equipment. Invisible laser radiation may be emitted from the optical transmitter connector of the TFA interface: 9 Do not stare into the beam or use optical instruments with the equipment powered on.
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 29 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 17. Functional description 17.1. Block diagram Fig. 15 – TFA block diagram Note 1: not present in UHF TDD version 17.2. Down link operation In the downlink the TFA fulfils the following operations: O/E Conversion: the optical signal is demodulated through an opto-electronic device (p-i-n photodiode). Amplification & Filtering: amplification is required to boost the downlink signal after is converted from light back to RF. Maintaining a good signal-to-noise ratio is critical for this operation; part of the amplification process automatically takes into account the variable loss introduced by the optical fibre. A clean-up filter is used after the amplification process to limit transmission to the downlink band and to reduce spurious emissions in the uplink band where they would interfere with the signal coming from the mobile. Duplexing: the RF signal enters a duplexer which combines downlink and uplink on a single port which is then split and goes to two separate antenna ports. PHOTODETECTOR LNA AMP Paging RF SMA connector 50 Ω VOLTAGE CONTROLLED ATTENUATOR AMP AMP AMP AMP AMP AMP VARIABLE GAIN AMP. D A CA D C µPROC. 4 MHz Diff. AMP NOISE GENERATOR LASER module MONITOR PHOTODET. LASER DIODE VOLTAGE CONTROLLED ATTENUATOR AMP AMP MATCHING NETWORK UL ATTENUATOR CONTROL SWITCHES attenuator control voltage DL final amplifier stage current monitor LNA AMP LNA Green LED: power on Red LED: UL final amplifier stage current out of allowed range or low optical power RF N 50 Ω RF N 50 Ω POWER SUPPLY UNIT AC input from mains DC/DC converter Voltage Regulator RX optical power monitor Attenuator control voltage DL final amplifier stage out of allowed range Threshold circuit with adjustable threshold level. Low RX optical power CURRENT GENERATOR OR circuit LASER control module +12 V -8 V +5 V Internal LED: DL final amplifier stage out of allowed range External Booster alarms (note1)
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 30 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 17.3. Up link operations. In the uplink the TFA performs the following functions: Filtering & Amplification: a filter delimits the uplink band and a low noise amplifier increases the signal level to minimise the noise figure of the link. E/O Conversion: the RF signal coming from the antennas modulates the intensity of an optical carrier through a laser. 18. Alarms and settings 18.1. LED alarms For TFA units only visual alarms are provided. Two LEDs represent them: LED Colour Meaning (when lit) LD1 Red No optical power at DL input and/or amplifier failure LD2 Green Power supply is on Tab. 4 – TFA Alarm LEDs NOTE: the uplink laser is on only if downlink optical signal is present and no failure occurs in the TFA; in case of any failure, the uplink laser is switched off. It is useful to note that as a downlink failure will be reported to both TFL a TFA, it is possible to determine a fibre or TFA failure from either the TFA or TFL. This information can be used in conjunction to others for troubleshooting (see par.21). 18.2. External alarms TFA is provided with two external alarm contacts. These contacts are open under non-alarm condition (normally open). Fig. 16 - External alarms (dry contacts) Alarm when closed
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 31 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 18.3. Setting uplink gain (PGR) To optimise system performances related to “blocking level” (refer to system design for further details), TFA units shall include an RF uplink attenuator to adjust the uplink gain (Pre-settable Gain Reduction – PGR). Up link gain setting can be easily executed removing the rear lid (see Fig. 17) and setting SW1 bits (see Fig. 18) according to Tab. 5. Fig. 17 – TFA PGR dip- switches Fig. 18 – Dip-switches settings Gain Reduction bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 0 dB OFF OFF ON OFF 5 dB OFF ON OFF OFF 10 dB ON OFF OFF OFF Tab. 5 - Uplink gain reduction settings
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 32 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 19. Installing and cabling 19.1. Location TFA units shall be installed as close as possible to the radiating antennas, so as to minimise coaxial cable length and reduce downlink power loss and uplink noise figure. However, the units should be installed no closer than 2.5 m to the closest mobiles approach to avoid blocking. If remote units need to be installed very close to where mobiles are, the internal variable attenuator should be used. The TFA is intended to be installed on walls, false ceilings or other flat surfaces. A mounting bracket is available for easy mounting. Proper installation of the TFA is required for optimal performance. Take care to install the TFAs "warm side out" as indicated in Fig. 14 The positioning of the unit and the cables is important so as to avoid accidental damage. 19.2. Power supply and grounding 19.2.1. Universal mains (85-264VAC, 50/60Hz) Fig. 19 -Mains connector 19.2.2. DC negative supply –72 to –36 VDC. Fig. 20 - VDC connector mains mains GROUND DC connector and part number:
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 33 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 19.3. RF combined ports These ports should be directly connected to the radiating antennas through RF jumper cables. Unused RF output ports must be terminated with a dummy 50Ω load. Optional boosters (TFB family) also can be connected to one or both of the combined ports for additional RF downlink power. 19.4. Optical fibres connection Optical connectors need to have proper alignment and mechanical support. When inserting an optical connector, take care to handle it smoothly enough so as not to damage the fibre. Remove the dust cap only immediately before making connections. 9 Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with curve radius less than 5 cm. See Fig. 21 for optimal fibre cabling. WRONG OPTIMAL Fig. 21 - Fibre connection 20. Start-up To perform a preliminary verification of the TFA: • power-up the TPA; • verify the following LED status: LED Colour Status LD1 Red OFF if optical received power above lower required limit and internal operations ok LD2 Green ON For a full functionality test please refer to the system start-up section.
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 34 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 21. Troubleshooting If an alarm LED is active, check the environmental conditions (operating temperature, supply range, etc.). If an alarm persists, it is essential to give a correct alarm interpretation is to solve the problem. The uplink laser is switched on only if downlink optical power is present. In case of any failure, the laser is switched off. By doing this, the unit sends information about its operating status to the TFL. If the TFA is alarmed, clean the downlink optical connector. If the TFA is still alarmed, measure the downlink optical power at TFA input with an optical power meter and verify if it is higher than –5 dBm. If it is not, the fibre (at least as far as the down link fibre is concerned) has some problems. If optical power is higher than -5 dBm, replace the TFA.
TPR 19" subrack
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 36 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 22. Introduction This section describes the TPR family (19” Sub rack). The TPR is part of the Britecell system and host all plug-in modules such as TFL-card, TLC splitter/combiner, TFL-BSI Base Station Interface and control modules. A TPR sub-rack, when fully equipped, can support up to 6 TFL Local Units, one 2-way splitter-combiner, two 3-way splitter-combiners, one Base Station Interface, and one control module. Therefore this complete configuration supports up to 24 TFA Remote Units and up to 48 antennas. 23. Part description Fig. 22 TPR912 24. Warnings Local interfaces may not be placed next to each other; one 7te module is always required between them. TFL local interface cards can only be fitted in slots 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 of the sub-rack, slot 1 being the left most one. 9 WARNING: any slot capable of accepting an TFL that is unused must be fitted with a dummy plug to avoid alarms being generated (see Fig. 23) 9 WARNING: do not remove or insert any module into TPR subrack, without switching the power supply off. Fig. 23 - Dummy connector
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 37 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. 25. Functional description The TPR subrack provides: • power supply to the active plug-in cards (12VDC); • alarm logic and relays; • mechanical housing and positioning. 25.1. Block diagram Fig. 24 – TPR block diagram 26. Alarms The TPR sub-rack has a built-in alarm circuit: any fault in TFL or TFA causes a contact relay close or open. A sub-D 9 pins male connector at the back of the sub-rack gathers summary and specific alarms of master/local subrack (see Tab. 6) Fig. 25 alarm relay connector AC/DC or DC/DC converter backplane, logic & relays DL UL MAINS Sub-D Male Master sub-rack alarms Sub-D Female Slave sub-rack alarms
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 38 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. Master/Local Sub-rack Alarm status (SUB-D Male) PIN Name Meaning Description 1 not connected 2 DL Summary Alarm Common contact 3 not connected 4 UL Summary Alarm Common contact 5 not connected 6 DL Summary Alarm To choose in conjunction with PIN 2, Normally Closed 2 - 6 = Open circuit if Local Sub rack Downlink is in alarm 7 DL Summary Alarm To choose in conjunction with PIN 2, Normally Open 2 – 7 = Short circuit if Local Sub rack Downlink is in alarm 8 UL Summary Alarm To choose in conjunction with PIN 4, Normally Closed 4 - 8 = Open circuit if Local Sub rack Uplink is in alarm 9 UL Summary Alarm To choose in conjunction with PIN 4, Normally Open 4 – 9 = Short circuit if Local Sub rack Uplink is in alarm Tab. 6 Master sub-rack alarm connector pinout normal condition (no alarm) Alarm Condition Down Link Up Link If a slave sub-rack is connected via TSU012 Control Unit or TFLB Interconnect Link Unit, alarms from slave/remote sub rack are also reported through the TPR back plane at the auxiliary DB9 female connector, providing alarm relay logic similar to the master ( see Tab. 7) NOTE: TPR subrack provides connections for more detailed alarms, at the right most slots (see TSU012 control unit product specification) 2 6 7 4 8 9 2 6 7 4 8 9
BRITECELL System Manual MN010-04 June 2003 Page 39 of 78 The company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary any information quoted without prior notice. Slave/Remote Sub-rack Alarm status (SUB-D Female) PIN Name Meaning Description 1 UL Summary Alarm To choose in conjunction with PIN 2, Normally Open 2 – 1 =Short circuit if Remote Sub rack Uplink is in alarm 2 UL Summary Alarm Common contact 3 DL Summary Alarm To choose in conjunction with PIN 5, Normally Closed 5 - 3 =Open circuit if Remote Sub rack Downlink is in alarm 4 DL Summary Alarm To choose in conjunction with PIN 5, Normally Open 5 – 4 =Short circuit if Remote Sub rack Downlink is in alarm 5 DL Summary Alarm Common contact 6 UL Summary Alarm To choose in conjunction with PIN 2, Normally Closed 2 - 6 =Open circuit if Remote Sub rack Uplink is in alarm 7 not connected 8 not connected 9 not connected Tab. 7 Slave sub-rack alarm connector pinout Normal Condition (no alarm) Alarm Condition Down Link Up Link 5 3 4 2 6 1 5 3 4 2 6 1

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